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Andrade VS, Ale A, Antezana PE, Desimone MF, Cazenave J, Gutierrez MF. Environmental factors modify silver nanoparticles ecotoxicity in Chydorus eurynotus (Cladocera). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:683-696. [PMID: 38861073 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most produced nanomaterials in the world and are incorporated into several products due to their biocide and physicochemical properties. Since freshwater bodies are AgNPs main final sink, several consequences for biota are expected to occur. With the hypothesis that AgNPs can interact with environmental factors, we analyzed their ecotoxicity in combination with humic acids and algae. In addition to the specific AgNPs behavior in the media, we analyzed the mortality, growth, and phototactic behavior of Chydorus eurynotus (Cladocera) as response variables. While algae promoted Ag+ release, humic acids reduced it by adsorption, and their combination resulted in an intermediated Ag+ release. AgNPs affected C. eurynotus survival and growth, but algae and humic acids reduced AgNPs lethality, especially when combined. The humic acids mitigated AgNP effects in C. eurynotus growth, and both factors improved its phototactic behavior. It is essential to deepen the study of the isolated and combined influences of environmental factors on the ecotoxicity of nanoparticles to achieve accurate predictions under realistic exposure scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Analía Ale
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pablo Edmundo Antezana
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Federico Desimone
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de la Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FHUC-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Gutierrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramon Carrillo", Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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2
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Ale A, Andrade VS, Gutierrez MF, Ayech A, Monserrat JM, Desimone MF, Cazenave J. Metal-based nanomaterials in aquatic environments: What do we know so far about their ecotoxicity? AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 275:107069. [PMID: 39241467 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The wide range of applications of nanomaterials (NM) in different fields has led to both uncontrolled production and release into environmental compartments, such as aquatic systems, where final disposal occurs. Some efforts have been made to estimate their concentrations in environmental matrices; however, little is known about the actual effects of environmental NM concentrations on biota. The aims of the present review are to (i) expose the state of the art of the most applied NM and their actual concentrations regarding how much is being released to the aquatic environment and which are the predicted ones; (ii) analyze the current literature to elucidate if the aforementioned conditions were proven to cause deleterious effects on the associated organisms; and (iii) identify gaps in the knowledge regarding whether the actual NM concentrations are harmful to aquatic biota. These novel materials are expected to being released into the environment in the range of hundreds to thousands of tons per year, with Si- and Ti-based NM being the two most important. The estimated environmental NM concentrations are in the low range of ng to µg/L, except for Ti-based ones, which concentrations reach values on the order of mg/L. Empirical information regarding the ecotoxicity of environmental NM concentrations mainly focused on metal-based NM, however, it resulted poor and unbalanced in terms of materials and test species. Given its high predicted environmental concentration in comparison with the others, the ecotoxicity of Ti-based NM has been well assessed in algae and fish, while little is known regarding other NM types. While only a few marine species were addressed, the freshwater species Daphnia magna and Danio rerio accounted for the majority of studies on invertebrate and fish groups, respectively. Most of the reported responses are related to oxidative stress. Overall, we consider that invertebrate groups are the most vulnerable, with emphasis on microcrustaceans, as environmentally realistic metal-based NM concentration even caused mortality in some species. In the case of fish, we assumed that environmental concentrations of Ti-based NM represent a growing concern and threat; however, further studies should be carried out by employing other kinds of NM. Furthermore, more ecotoxicological information is needed in the case of carbon-based NM, as they are expected to considerably increase in terms of released amounts and applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía Ale
- Cátedra de Toxicología, Farmacología y Bioquímica Legal (FBCB-UNL), CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Victoria S Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI), UNL, CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Gutierrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI), UNL, CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramon Carrillo" (FBCB-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alinne Ayech
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - José M Monserrat
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Martín F Desimone
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PPGCF), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), CONICET, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI), UNL, CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina; Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FHUC-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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3
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Balraadjsing S, J G M Peijnenburg W, Vijver MG. Building species trait-specific nano-QSARs: Model stacking, navigating model uncertainties and limitations, and the effect of dataset size. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108764. [PMID: 38788418 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
A strong need exists for broadly applicable nano-QSARs, capable of predicting toxicological outcomes towards untested species and nanomaterials, under different environmental conditions. Existing nano-QSARs are generally limited to only a few species but the inclusion of species characteristics into models can aid in making them applicable to multiple species, even when toxicity data is not available for biological species. Species traits were used to create classification- and regression machine learning models to predict acute toxicity towards aquatic species for metallic nanomaterials. Afterwards, the individual classification- and regression models were stacked into a meta-model to improve performance. Additionally, the uncertainty and limitations of the models were assessed in detail (beyond the OECD principles) and it was investigated whether models would benefit from the addition of more data. Results showed a significant improvement in model performance following model stacking. Investigation of model uncertainties and limitations highlighted the discrepancy between the applicability domain and accuracy of predictions. Data points outside of the assessed chemical space did not have higher likelihoods of generating inadequate predictions or vice versa. It is therefore concluded that the applicability domain does not give complete insight into the uncertainty of predictions and instead the generation of prediction intervals can help in this regard. Furthermore, results indicated that an increase of the dataset size did not improve model performance. This implies that larger dataset sizes may not necessarily improve model performance while in turn also meaning that large datasets are not necessarily required for prediction of acute toxicity with nano-QSARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra Balraadjsing
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, PO Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, PO Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands; Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, PO Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
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Qin S, Deng Z, Ma Y, Gu L, Lee JS, Yang Z. Differential interference effects of thermal pollution on the induced defense of different body-sized cladocerans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171426. [PMID: 38432363 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate warming influences the biological activities of aquatic organisms, including feeding, growth, and reproduction, thereby affecting predator-prey interactions. This study explored the variation in thermal sensitivity of anti-predator responses in two cladoceran species with varying body sizes, Daphnia pulex and Ceriodaphnia cornuta. These species were cultured with or without the fish (Rhodeus ocellatus) kairomone at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C for 15 days. Results revealed that cladocerans of different body sizes exhibited varying responses to fish kairomones in aspects such as individual size, first-brood neonate size, total offspring number, average brood size, growth rate, and reproductive effort. Notably, low temperature differently affected defense responses in cladocerans of different body sizes. Both high and low temperatures moderated the intensity of the kairomone-induced response on body size at maturity. Additionally, low temperature reversed the reducing effect of fish kairomone on the total offspring number, average brood size, and reproductive effort in D. pulex. Conversely, it enhanced the increasing effect of fish kairomone on these parameters in C. cornuta. These results suggest that inducible anti-predator responses in cladocerans are modifiable by temperature. The differential effects of fish kairomones on various cladocerans under temperature influence offer crucial insights for predicting changes in predator-prey interactions within freshwater ecosystems under future climate conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ziyi Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yiqing Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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5
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Gräf T, Koch V, Köser J, Fischer J, Tessarek C, Filser J. Biotic and Abiotic Interactions in Freshwater Mesocosms Determine Fate and Toxicity of CuO Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:12376-12387. [PMID: 37561908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Transformation, dissolution, and sorption of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NP) play an important role in freshwater ecosystems. We present the first mesocosm experiment on the fate of CuO-NP and the dynamics of the zooplankton community over a period of 12 months. Increasingly low (0.08-0.28 mg Cu L-1) and high (0.99-2.99 mg Cu L-1) concentrations of CuO-NP and CuSO4 (0.10-0.34 mg Cu L-1) were tested in a multiple dosing scenario. At the high applied concentration (CuO-NP_H) CuO-NP aggregated and sank onto the sediment layer, where we recovered 63% of Cu applied. For the low concentration (CuO-NP_L) only 41% of applied copper could be recovered in the sediment. In the water column, the percentage of initially applied Cu recovered was on average 3-fold higher for CuO-NP_L than for CuO-NP_H. Zooplankton abundance was substantially compromised in the treatments CuSO4 (p < 0.001) and CuO-NP_L (p < 0.001). Community analysis indicated that Cladocera were most affected (bk = -0.49), followed by Nematocera (bk = -0.32). The abundance of Cladocera over time and of Dixidae in summer was significantly reduced in the treatment CuO-NP_L (p < 0.001; p < 0.05) compared to the Control. Our results indicate a higher potential for negative impacts on the freshwater community when lower concentrations of CuO-NP (<0.1 mg Cu L-1) enter the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya Gräf
- FB 02 UFT - Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Viviane Koch
- FB 02 UFT - Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jan Köser
- FB 02 UFT - Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, Chemical Process Engineering, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jonas Fischer
- FB 02 UFT - Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Christian Tessarek
- Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Bremen, Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Juliane Filser
- FB 02 UFT - Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, General and Theoretical Ecology, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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6
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Zhao X, Fan X, Gong Z, Gao X, Wang Y, Ni B. The Toxic Effects of Cu and CuO Nanoparticles on Euplotes aediculatus. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 85:544-556. [PMID: 35316342 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-01972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The single-celled eukaryote Euplotes aediculatus was chosen to test and compare the toxic effects of Cu and CuO nanoparticles (NPs). The antioxidant enzymatic activity, morphological changes, and functional groups on the membrane were determined using spectrophotometry, microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after NPs treatment. The toxicity of the NPs to cells was dose-dependent, and the 24 h-LC50 values of the CuNPs and CuONPs were 0.46 µg/L and 1.24 × 103 µg/L, respectively. These NPs increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase and destroyed the cell structure; moreover, the CuNPs were more toxic than the CuONPs. In addition to the higher enzymatic activity, CuNPs also caused nucleoli disappearance, chromatin condensation, and mitochondrial and pellicle damage. The oxidization of the functional groups of the membrane (PO2 - , C-O-C, and δ(COH) of carbohydrates) also confirmed the severe damage caused by CuNPs. Our study showed that oxidative stress and organelle destruction played important roles in the toxic effects of these NPs on this protozoan. Compared with other aquatic organisms, E. aediculatus can be considered a potential indicator at the preliminary stage of environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xinpeng Fan
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Zhiwei Gong
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xilei Gao
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Bing Ni
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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7
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de Oliveira Eiras MI, Costa LSD, Barbieri E. Copper II oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) alter metabolic markers and swimming activity in zebra-fish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 257:109343. [PMID: 35421598 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the metabolic effects caused by using copper oxide nanoparticles with two distinct morphologies nanorods and nanosphere. The CuONPs in the form of nanorods were characterized in the order of 500 nm, on a scale of 20, 100, and 500 nm. Meanwhile, the nanosphere CuONPs were characterized in the order of 5 nm, on a 30 nm scale. The analysis of metabolic rate was performed using the closed respirometry technique, specific ammonia excretion, and swimming ability as biomarkers, the physiological effects on Danio rerio were investigated. For the experiments, 88 fish were used, exposed for 24 h at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 200 μg/L of copper oxide nanoparticles in the form of nanospheres and nanorods, respectively. The tests carried out with the nanorods demonstrated metabolic alterations in fish, with an increase of 294% and 321% in the metabolic rate at concentrations of 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L, respectively. Furthermore, there was a decrease in specific ammonia excretion by 34% and 83% and in swimming capacity by 34% and 55% at concentrations of 100 and 200 μg/L, respectively, when compared to the control. The tests performed with nanospheres did not show significant changes compared to the control. These experiments showed that different morphological structures of the same copper oxide nanoparticle caused different effects on fish metabolism. It is concluded that the characterization of nanoparticles is essential to understand their effects on fish, since their structural forms can cause different toxic effects on D. rerio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Izabel de Oliveira Eiras
- Programa de pós Graduação do Instituto de Pesca - APTA-SAA/SP, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, 11990-000 Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luelc Souza da Costa
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia de São Paulo - IFSP, 18707-150, Avaré, SP, Brazil
| | - Edison Barbieri
- Instituto de Pesca - APTA SAA/SP, Governo do Estado de São Paulo, 11990-000 Cananeia, SP, Brazil..
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Bunmahotama W, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg W. Development of a Quasi-Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Model for Prediction of the Immobilization Response of Daphnia magna Exposed to Metal-Based Nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1439-1450. [PMID: 35234298 PMCID: PMC9325417 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The conventional Hill equation model is suitable to fit dose-response data obtained from performing (eco)toxicity assays. Models based on quasi-quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) to estimate the Hill coefficient ( n H ) ${n}_{{\rm{H}}})$ were developed with the aim of predicting the response of the invertebrate species Daphnia magna to exposure to metal-based nanomaterials. Descriptors representing the pristine properties of nanoparticles and media conditions were coded to a quasi-simplified molecular input line entry system and correlated to experimentally derived values of n H ${n}_{{\rm{H}}}$ . Monte Carlo optimization was used to model the set of n H ${n}_{{\rm{H}}}$ values, and the model was trained on the basis of reported dose-response relationships of 60 data sets (n = 367 individual response observations) of 11 metal-based nanomaterials as obtained from 20 literature reports. The model simulates the training data well, with only 2.3% deviation between experimental and modeled response data. The technique was employed to predict the dose-response relationships of 15 additional data sets (n = 72 individual observations) not included in model development of seven metal-based nanomaterials from 10 literature reports, with an average error of 3.5%. Combining the model output with either the median effective concentration value or any other known effect level as obtained from experimental data allows the prediction of full dose-response curves of D. magna immobilization. This model is an accurate screening tool that allows the determination of the shape and slope of dose-response curves, thereby greatly reducing experimental effort in case of novel advanced metal-based nanomaterials or the prediction of responses in altered exposure media. This screening model is compliant with the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) principle, which is embraced by the scientific and regulatory communities dealing with nano-safety. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1439-1450. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warisa Bunmahotama
- Institute of Environmental SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Martina G. Vijver
- Institute of Environmental SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Willie Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental SciencesLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
- Center for Safety of Substances and ProductsNational Institute of Public Health and the EnvironmentBilthovenThe Netherlands
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9
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Liu Q, Liu L, Huang J, Gu L, Sun Y, Zhang L, Lyu K, Yang Z. The response of life history defense of cladocerans under predation risk varies with the size and concentration of microplastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:127913. [PMID: 34865906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are an emerging and increasingly serious pollutant in freshwater environment, which have become a threat to freshwater organisms. However, whether microplastics interfere with the responses of organisms to their predators is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of microplastics with tiny different particle size (diameter: 0.7 and 1 µm) on the anti-predation (Rhodeus ocellatus as the predator) defense responses of different body-sized cladocerans, Daphnia pulex and Moina macrocopa. Results showed that microplastics had a size-based inhibitory effect on the induced defense of both D. pulex and M. macrocopa. Specifically, 0.7 µm microplastics had stronger effects on reduced survival time, delayed maturation time, and decreased offspring numbers. In addition, the effects of microplastics also varied with different body-sized cladocerans, i.e. medium-sized cladoceran (D. pulex) were more sensitive than the small-sized one (M. macrocopa) regarding the maturation time. This study illustrated for the first time that the effect of microplastics on induced defense was related to cladoceran species and microplastics size, and further revealed the extensive negative effects of microplastics from the perspective of interspecific relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Leihong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
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10
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Tan B, Wang Y, Gong Z, Fan X, Ni B. Toxic Effects of Copper Nanoparticles on Paramecium bursaria–Chlorella Symbiotic System. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:834208. [PMID: 35401497 PMCID: PMC8984179 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.834208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many reports have demonstrated that nanoparticles can have a negative effect on aquatic organisms, the toxic effects on symbiotic organisms remain poorly understood. The present study conducts ultrastructure, enzyme activity, and transcriptomics to assess the toxic effects to the Paramecium bursaria–Chlorella symbiotic system from exposure to copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) for 24 h. We found that in both the host and symbiotic algae, CuNP exposure induced high reactive oxygen species level, which leads to oxidative damage and energy metabolism disorder. Moreover, transmission electron micrographs (TEMs) showed that the symbiotic algae in the cytoplasm of P. bursaria were enveloped in the digestive vacuole and digested, and the level of acid phosphatase activity increased significantly within 24 h, which indicated that the stability of the symbiotic system was affected after CuNP exposure. We speculated that the increased energy demand in the host and symbiotic algae resulted from oxidative stress, precipitating the decrease of the photosynthetic products provided to the host, the digestion of the symbiont, and the destruction of the stable symbiotic relationship. The study provides the first insight into the mechanisms of nanoparticles’ toxicity to the symbiotic relationship in the ecosystem, which may help to understand the environmental effects and toxicological mechanisms of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Tan
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Gong
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinpeng Fan
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Ni
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Ni,
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11
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Huang J, Li Y, Sun Y, Zhang L, Lyu K, Yang Z. Size-specific sensitivity of cladocerans to freshwater salinization: Evidences from the changes in life history and population dynamics. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 296:118770. [PMID: 34974088 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The salinization of the global freshwater system caused by various human activities and climate change has become a common problem threatening freshwater biodiversity and resources, which may affect a variety of species of cladocerans at individual and population levels. In order to comprehensively evaluate the impact of salinization on different-sized cladocerans at individual and population levels, we exposed two species of cladocerans with obvious body size difference, Daphnia magna and Moina macrocopa, to seven salinities (0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12 M), recorded individual life history traits and population growth dynamics, and used multiple mechanistic models to fit the data. At the individual level, the median effect concentration of survival time, total offspring per female, and number of broods of D. magna were significantly higher than those of M. macrocopa. At the population level, the decrease in carrying capacity of D. magna with increasing salinity was significantly less than that of M. macrocopa. At the same salinity treatment, the integrated biomarker response indexes value of M. macrocopa is higher than that of D. magna. Therefore, it was further inferred that the sensitivity of small-sized species M. macrocopa to salinity stress is significantly higher than that of big-sized species D. magna. Thus, freshwater salinization may result in the replacement of smaller salt-intolerant cladocerans with larger salt-tolerant cladocerans, which may have dramatic effects on freshwater communities and ecosystems. Additionally, the increase of salinity had a greater impact on the population level of D. magna and M. macrocopa than on the individual level, indicating that population level of cladocerans was more susceptible to salinity stress. Experiments only based on individuals may underestimate the ecologically related changes in populations and communities, thus understanding the impact of salinization on freshwater systems needs to consider multiple ecological levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yurou Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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12
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Khabib MNH, Sivasanku Y, Lee HB, Kumar S, Kue CS. Alternative animal models in predictive toxicology. Toxicology 2022; 465:153053. [PMID: 34838596 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Toxicity testing relies heavily on animals, especially rodents as part of the non-clinical laboratory testing of substances. However, the use of mammalians and the number of animals employed in research has become a concern for institutional ethics committees. Toxicity testing involving rodents and other mammals is laborious and costly. Alternatively, non-rodent models are used as replacement, as they have less ethical considerations and are cost-effective. Of the many alternative models that can be used as replacement models, which ones can be used in predictive toxicology? What is the correlation between these models and rodents? Are there standardized protocols governing the toxicity testing of these commonly used predictive models? This review outlines the common alternative animal models for predictive toxicology to address the importance of these models, the challenges, and their standard testing protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nur Hamizan Khabib
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yogeethaa Sivasanku
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hong Boon Lee
- School of Biosciences, Taylor's University Lakesike Campus, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chin Siang Kue
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Management and Science University, Seksyen 13, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
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13
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Gutierrez MF, Ale A, Andrade V, Bacchetta C, Rossi A, Cazenave J. Metallic, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles toxic effects on freshwater microcrustaceans: An update and basis for the use of new test species. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:2505-2526. [PMID: 34470080 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we performed a literature review on the metallic, metal oxide, and metalloid nanoparticles (NP) effects on freshwater microcrustaceans, specifically focusing on (i) the main factors influencing the NP toxicity and (ii) their main ecotoxicological effects. Also, given that most studies are currently developed on the standard test species Daphnia magna Straus, we analyzed (iii) the potential differences in the biological responses between D. magna and other freshwater microcrustacean, and (iv) the ecological implications of considering only D. magna as surrogate of other microcrustaceans. We found that NP effects on microcrustaceans depended on their intrinsic properties as well as the exposure conditions. Among the general responses to different NP, we identified body burial, feeding inhibition, biochemical effects, metabolic changes, and reproductive and behavioral alterations. The differences in the biological responses between D. magna and other freshwater microcrustacean rely on the morphology (size and shape), ecological traits (feeding mechanisms, life cycles), and intrinsic sensitivities. Thus, we strongly recommend the use of microcrustaceans species with different morphological, physiological, and ecological characteristics in future ecotoxicity tests with NP to provide relevant information with regulation purposes regarding the discharge of NP into aquatic environments. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Nanoparticles effects depend on intrinsic and external factors. Nanoparticles affect the morphology, physiology, and behavior. Effects on Daphnia differ from other microcrustaceans. The use of more diverse test species is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Gutierrez
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramón Carrillo" (FBCB-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Analía Ale
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Victoria Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carla Bacchetta
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jimena Cazenave
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (CONICET-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina
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14
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do Prado CCA, Queiroz LG, da Silva FT, de Paiva TCB. Ecotoxicological effect of ketoconazole on the antioxidant system of Daphnia similis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 246:109080. [PMID: 34015536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants (i.e. small drugs, antibiotics) present in aquatic environments shown to be a current environmental problem still without apparent solution. In this regard, the use of ecotoxicological techniques has been shown fundamental for the appraisal of damage to affected living organisms. Herein, ecotoxicological tests were conducted, focusing on the evaluation of the effects of ketoconazole (KTZ) on the antioxidant system of the model body Daphnia similis. In order to study the biochemical changes caused by KTZ in the antioxidant system, the enzymatic biomarkers glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were monitored. Toxicological tests were conducted using KTZ concentrations (0-10 μg·L-1). Prolonged exposure to KTZ (336 h) caused changes upon the expression of antioxidant enzymes and simultaneously affected the reproductive system in those organisms. Moreover, a decrease in GST and APX activity was observed caused by KTZ exposure, respectively 79.2% (3.53 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein) and 24.4% (0.88 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein). On the other hand, it was observed an increase of 27% (0.17 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein) in CAT activity. Through this study, it was possible to observe the toxicological effects of KTZ, which proves its action as an oxidative stress-inducing agent and endocrine modifier in daphnids organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio César Achiles do Prado
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Gonçalves Queiroz
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Teixeira da Silva
- Engineering School of Lorena, University of Sao Paulo, Department of Biotechnology, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
| | - Teresa Cristina Brazil de Paiva
- Engineering School of Lorena, University de Sao Paulo, Department of Basic and Environmental Sciences, Lorena 12602-810, Brazil.
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Jaikumar G, Brun NR, Vijver MG, Bosker T. Reproductive toxicity of primary and secondary microplastics to three cladocerans during chronic exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:638-646. [PMID: 30933761 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (<5 mm) are distributed ubiquitously in natural environments. The majority of microplastics in aquatic environments are shown to have rough surfaces due to various weathering processes (secondary microplastics; SMP), while laboratory studies predominantly utilise pristine microplastics (primary microplastics; PMP). Here we present the results from a study comparing the chronic effects of pristine PMP and artificially weathered SMP to three different Cladoceran species (Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulex, Ceriodaphnia dubia). We assessed the impact of PMP and SMP on reproductive output using various measured parameters, including time of first brood, size of first brood, size of first three broods, cumulative number of neonates, total number of broods and terminal length of test animals. Our results show that reproductive output of all species declined in a dose-dependent manner. The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) was less than the lowest tested concentration (102 p/mL) for at least one measured endpoint for all species and both PMP and SMP. Further, it was inferred that species sensitivity varied inversely with body size for most endpoints, resulting in C. dubia being the most sensitive species; and D. magna being the least sensitive species under study. In addition, PMP appeared to have greater toxic potential as compared to SMP. This study is the first to directly compare the chronic toxicity of both pristine and weathered microplastic particles on three freshwater toxicological model organisms. Our results indicate that sensitivity in reproduction and growth to microplastics may differ between species and type of microplastic exposed; highlighting the importance of using multiple species and structural types of particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Jaikumar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Nadja R Brun
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands; Leiden University College, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501 EE, The Hague, the Netherlands.
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16
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Ishimota M, Nakajima D, Sakamoto M, Miyabara Y. Water‐soluble bioactive natural compounds inTrapa japonicaleaves: Temporal changes in chemical composition and effects on cladocerans. Ecol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ishimota
- Institute of Mountain Science, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge ResearchShinshu University Nagano Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Environmental Exposure and Effect Research Section, Center for Health and Environmental Risk ResearchNational Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba Japan
| | - Masaki Sakamoto
- Department of Environmental and Civil EngineeringToyama Prefectural University Toyama Japan
| | - Yuichi Miyabara
- Institute of Mountain Science, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge ResearchShinshu University Nagano Japan
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17
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Mansano AS, Souza JP, Cancino-Bernardi J, Venturini FP, Marangoni VS, Zucolotto V. Toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles to Neotropical species Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Hyphessobrycon eques. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:723-733. [PMID: 30228063 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The increase of production and consumption of copper oxide nanostructures in several areas contributes to their release into aquatic ecosystems. Toxic effects of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), in particular, on tropical aquatic organisms are still unknown, representing a risk for biota. In this study, the effects of rod-shaped CuO NPs on the Neotropical species Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Hyphessobrycon eques were investigated. We also compared the toxicity of CuO NPs and CuCl2 on these species to investigate the contribution of particles and cupper ions to the CuO NPs toxicity. Considering the low copper ions release from CuO NPs (<1%), our results revealed that the toxicity of CuO NPs to C. silvestrii and H. eques was mainly induced by the NPs. The 48 h EC50 for C. silvestrii was 12.6 ± 0.7 μg Cu L-1 and for H. eques the 96 h LC50 was 211.4 ± 57.5 μg Cu L-1 of CuO NPs. There was significant decrease in reproduction, feeding inhibition and increase in reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation in C. silvestrii exposed to CuO NPs. In fish H. eques, sublethal exposure to CuO NPs caused an increase in ROS generation in gill cells and an increase in cells number that were in early apoptotic and necrotic stages. Our results showed that CuO NPs caused toxic effects to C. silvestrii and H. eques and ROS play an important role in the toxicity pathway observed. Data also indicated that C. silvestrii was among the most sensitive species for CuO NPs. Based on predicted environmental concentration in water bodies, CuO NPs pose potential ecological risks for C. silvestrii and H. eques and other tropical freshwater organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrislaine S Mansano
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil.
| | - Jaqueline P Souza
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Juliana Cancino-Bernardi
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Francine P Venturini
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Valéria S Marangoni
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Valtencir Zucolotto
- Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil
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18
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Cui R, Kwak JI, An YJ. Comparative study of the sensitivity of Daphnia galeata and Daphnia magna to heavy metals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:63-70. [PMID: 29966939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia galeata and Daphnia magna belong to the family Daphniidae. Daphnia galeata has a smaller body size and longer helmet than D. magna. Although D. galeata is widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, it is not as commonly used in aquatic ecotoxicity tests as D. magna. There have been only few ecotoxicological studies on the toxicity of heavy metals, organic matter, and nanomaterials in D. galeata. Thus, there is a need to discover new test species and expand the number of currently known test species to elucidate species sensitivity to aquatic pollutants. We carried out a comparative study on the sensitivity of D. magna (which represents the test water flea species) and D. galeata to heavy metal toxicity. The acute toxicity values (EC50 and LC50) of 11 heavy metal species, including silver (Ag+), arsenite (As3+), cadmium (Cd2+), chromate (Cr6+), cupric (Cu2+), ferrous (Fe2+), mercury (Hg2+), manganese (Mn2+), nickel (Ni2+), lead (Pb2+), and zinc (Zn2+), in D. galeata and D. magna were compared by conducting acute toxicity assays and comparing the data with the available data. The age of the tested Daphnia individuals and the type of exposure medium were considered for more reliable comparison of species sensitivity. We observed that D. galeata was more sensitive to Ag+, As3+, Cr6+, Fe2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+ than D. magna. The sensitivity to Cu2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ was similar for D. magna and D. galeata. This study presents important aquatic toxicity and sensitivity data on D. galeata, which is not a widely used species in aquatic ecotoxicology studies. Our results recommend D. galeata as a suitable species for aquatic ecotoxicity tests because of its higher sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxue Cui
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Il Kwak
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Joo An
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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The surface reactivity of iron oxide nanoparticles as a potential hazard for aquatic environments: A study on Daphnia magna adults and embryos. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13017. [PMID: 30158568 PMCID: PMC6115473 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-ecotoxicology is extensively debated and nanomaterial surface reactivity is an emerging topic. Iron oxide nanoparticles are widely applied, with organic or inorganic coatings for stabilizing their suspensions. Surface active maghemite nanoparticles (SAMNs) are the unique example of naked iron oxide displaying high colloidal and structural stability in water and chemical reactivity. The colloidal behavior of SAMNs was studied as a function of the medium salinity and protocols of acute and chronic toxicity on Daphnia magna were consequently adapted. SAMN distribution into the crustacean, intake/depletion rates and swimming performances were evaluated. No sign of toxicity was detected in two model organisms from the first trophic level (P. subcapitata and L. minor). In D. magna, acute EC50 values of SAMN was assessed, while no sub-lethal effects were observed and the accumulation of SAMNs in the gut appeared as the sole cause of mortality. Fast depuration and absence of delayed effects indicated no retention of SAMNs within the organism. In spite of negligible toxicity on D. magna adults, SAMN surface reactivity was responsible of membrane bursting and lethality on embryos. The present study offers a contribution to the nascent knowledge concerning the impact of nanoparticle surface reactivity on biological interfaces.
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20
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Jaikumar G, Baas J, Brun NR, Vijver MG, Bosker T. Acute sensitivity of three Cladoceran species to different types of microplastics in combination with thermal stress. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:733-740. [PMID: 29723823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (<5 mm, MP) are ubiquitously distributed in the environment, causing increasing concern regarding their potential toxicity to organisms. To date, most research has focussed on the impacts of MPs on marine and estuarine organisms, with fewer studies focussing on the effects of microplastics on freshwater ecosystems, especially under different environmental conditions. In the present study, the sensitivity of two temperate Cladoceran species, Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex, and a smaller tropical species Ceriodaphnia dubia, to primary microplastics (PMP) and secondary (weathered) microplastics (SMP) was assessed. A prolonged acute toxicity assay (up to 72 or 96 h) was performed at 18°, 22°, and 26 °C, to determine the influence of temperature as an additional stressor and survival data were analysed using toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) model. Acute sensitivity of D. magna and D. pulex to both PMP and SMP increased sharply with temperature, whereas that of C. dubia remained relatively stable across temperatures. C. dubia was the most sensitive species at 18 °C, followed by D. pulex and D. magna, which were of comparable sensitivity. However, this ranking was reversed at 26 °C as could be seen from the No Effect Concentration (NEC) estimates of the TK-TD model. In addition, SMP and PMP had a similar effect on D. magna and D. pulex, but PMP was more toxic to C. dubia. Effects on survival were strongly time-dependent and became substantially more severe after the standard 48 h test period. Our results indicate that sensitivity to microplastics may differ between species for different types of microplastics, and could be drastically influenced by temperature albeit at high exposure concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Jaikumar
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Baas
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, Benson Lane, Wallingford, UK.
| | - Nadja R Brun
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300, RA Leiden, The Netherlands; Leiden University College, Leiden University, P.O. Box 13228, 2501 EE, The Hague, The Netherlands.
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21
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Xiao Y, Peijnenburg WJGM, Chen G, Vijver MG. Impact of water chemistry on the particle-specific toxicity of copper nanoparticles to Daphnia magna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 610-611:1329-1335. [PMID: 28851153 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of metallic nanoparticle suspensions (NP(total)) is generally assumed to result from the combined effect of the particles present in suspensions (NP(particle)) and their released ions (NP(ion)). Evaluation and consideration of how water chemistry affects the particle-specific toxicity of NP(total) are critical for environmental risk assessment of nanoparticles. In this study, it was found that the toxicity of Cu NP(particle) to Daphnia magna, in line with the trends in toxicity for Cu NP(ion), decreased with increasing pH and with increasing concentrations of divalent cations and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Without the addition of DOC, the toxicity of Cu NP(total) to D. magna at the LC50 was driven mainly by Cu NP(ion) (accounting for ≥53% of the observed toxicity). However, toxicity of Cu NP(total) in the presence of DOC at a concentration ranging from 5 to 50mg C/L largely resulted from the NP(particle) (57%-85%), which could be attributable to the large reduction of the concentration of Cu NP(ion) and the enhancement of the stability of Cu NP(particle) when DOC was added. Our results indicate that water chemistry needs to be explicitly taken into consideration when evaluating the role of NP(particle) and NP(ion) in the observed toxicity of NP(total).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Xiao
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P. O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China.
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P. O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Center for the Safety of Substances and Products, P. O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Guangchao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P. O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P. O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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22
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Zhai Y, Hunting ER, Wouterse M, Peijnenburg WJGM, Vijver MG. Importance of exposure dynamics of metal-based nano-ZnO, -Cu and -Pb governing the metabolic potential of soil bacterial communities. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:349-358. [PMID: 28759764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are known to affect bacterial processes and metabolic activities. While testing their negative effects on biological components, studies traditionally rely on initial exposure concentrations and thereby do not take into consideration the dynamic behavior of ENMs that ultimately determines exposure and toxicity (e.g. ion release). Moreover, functional responses of soil microbial communities to ENMs exposure can be caused by both the particulate forms and the ionic forms, yet their relative contributions remain poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the dynamic changes of exposure concentrations of three different types of ENMs (nano-ZnO, -Cu and -Pb) and submicron particles (SMPs) in relation to their impact on the capacity of soil bacterial communities to utilize carbon substrates. The different ENMs were chosen to differ in dissolution potential. The dynamic exposures of ENMs were considered using a time weighted average (TWA) approach. The joint toxicity of the particulate forms and the ionic forms of ENMs was evaluated using a response addition model. Our results showed that the effect concentrations of spherical nano-ZnO, -Cu and SMPs, and Pb-based perovskites expressed as TWA were lower than expressed as initial concentrations. Both particulate forms and ionic forms of spherical 18nm, 43nm nano-ZnO and 50nm, 100nm nano-Cu contribute to the overall response at the EC50 levels. The particulate forms for 150nm, 200nm and 900nm ZnO SMPs and rod-shaped 78nm nano-Cu mainly affected the soil microbial metabolic potential, while the Cu ions released from spherical 25nm nano-Cu, 500nm Cu SMPs and Pb ions released from perovskites mainly described the effects to bacterial communities. Our results indicate that the dynamic exposure of ENMs and relative contributions of particles and ions require consideration in order to pursue a naturally realistic assessment of environmental risks of metal-based ENMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zhai
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Ellard R Hunting
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marja Wouterse
- National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Conine AL, Rearick DC, Xenopoulos MA, Frost PC. Variable silver nanoparticle toxicity to Daphnia in boreal lakes. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 192:1-6. [PMID: 28898784 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Variable sensitivity of organisms to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) caused by changes in physico-chemical variables in aquatic ecosystems is receiving increasing attention. Variables such as dissolved organic carbon, pH, light, the presence of algae and bacteria, dissolved oxygen and different ions have all been studied individually, but it is still unclear how these variables in combination alter AgNP toxicity in natural ecosystems. Here we examined AgNP toxicity on survival of wild-caught Daphnia using AgNP suspensions placed in water from several different lakes at the IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, which span a gradient of water quality parameters. The partitioning of AgNPs between particulate and dissolved organic matter fractions was also assessed due to the potential for algal sequestration and detoxification of AgNPs. We found that toxicity varied between lakes with LC50 values ranging between 34 and 292μg AgL-1. Time of year in terms of days since ice-off and carbon to nitrogen ratios of particulate matter were the major predictors of toxicity between ecosystems. Total dissolved phosphorus, dissolved organic carbon, and particulate carbon to phosphorus ratios also played minor roles in influencing survival of Daphnia between water types. We found variable partitioning of silver into the particulate fraction within lakes and no significant differences between lakes. Silver associated with particulate organic matter increased with increasing concentrations of AgNPs in the ecosystem. Overall, we found strong evidence that AgNP toxicity is highly context dependent in natural lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Conine
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8, Canada.
| | - Daniel C Rearick
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8, Canada
| | | | - Paul C Frost
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, K9J 7B8, Canada
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24
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Holden PA, Gardea-Torresdey J, Klaessig F, Turco RF, Mortimer M, Hund-Rinke K, Hubal EAC, Avery D, Barceló D, Behra R, Cohen Y, Deydier-Stephan L, Lee Ferguson P, Fernandes TF, Harthorn BH, Henderson WM, Hoke RA, Hristozov D, Johnston JM, Kane AB, Kapustka L, Keller AA, Lenihan HS, Lovell W, Murphy CJ, Nisbet RM, Petersen EJ, Salinas ER, Scheringer M, Sharma M, Speed DE, Sultan Y, Westerhoff P, White JC, Wiesner MR, Wong EM, Xing B, Horan MS, Godwin HA, Nel AE. Considerations of Environmentally Relevant Test Conditions for Improved Evaluation of Ecological Hazards of Engineered Nanomaterials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6124-45. [PMID: 27177237 PMCID: PMC4967154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are increasingly entering the environment with uncertain consequences including potential ecological effects. Various research communities view differently whether ecotoxicological testing of ENMs should be conducted using environmentally relevant concentrations-where observing outcomes is difficult-versus higher ENM doses, where responses are observable. What exposure conditions are typically used in assessing ENM hazards to populations? What conditions are used to test ecosystem-scale hazards? What is known regarding actual ENMs in the environment, via measurements or modeling simulations? How should exposure conditions, ENM transformation, dose, and body burden be used in interpreting biological and computational findings for assessing risks? These questions were addressed in the context of this critical review. As a result, three main recommendations emerged. First, researchers should improve ecotoxicology of ENMs by choosing test end points, duration, and study conditions-including ENM test concentrations-that align with realistic exposure scenarios. Second, testing should proceed via tiers with iterative feedback that informs experiments at other levels of biological organization. Finally, environmental realism in ENM hazard assessments should involve greater coordination among ENM quantitative analysts, exposure modelers, and ecotoxicologists, across government, industry, and academia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Holden
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jorge Gardea-Torresdey
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Science and Engineering PhD Program, University of Texas, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Fred Klaessig
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Pennsylvania Bio Nano Systems, Doylestown, Pennsylvania 18901, United States
| | - Ronald F. Turco
- College of Agriculture, Laboratory for Soil Microbiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kerstin Hund-Rinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, D-57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Elaine A. Cohen Hubal
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - David Avery
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona 08034, Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca de l’Aigua (ICRA), Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - Renata Behra
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yoram Cohen
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of California Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | | | - Patrick Lee Ferguson
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | | | - Barbara Herr Harthorn
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Center for Nanotechnology in Society, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - William Matthew Henderson
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
| | - Robert A. Hoke
- E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Newark, Delaware 19711, United States
| | - Danail Hristozov
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Venice 30123, Italy
| | - John M. Johnston
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
| | - Agnes B. Kane
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | | | - Arturo A. Keller
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hunter S. Lenihan
- Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wess Lovell
- Vive Crop Protection Inc, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L6, Canada
| | - Catherine J. Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Roger M. Nisbet
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Elijah J. Petersen
- Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Edward R. Salinas
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen, D-67056, Germany
| | - Martin Scheringer
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Monita Sharma
- PETA International Science Consortium, Ltd., London N1 9RL, England, United Kingdom
| | - David E. Speed
- Globalfoundries, Corporate EHS, Hopewell Junction, New York 12533, United States
| | - Yasir Sultan
- Environment Canada, Gatineau, Quebec J8X 4C8, Canada
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jason C. White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06504, United States
| | - Mark R. Wiesner
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Eva M. Wong
- Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Meghan Steele Horan
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hilary A. Godwin
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - André E. Nel
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (UC CEIN), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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