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Pawłowska B, Wojtala D, Biczak R. Ionic Liquids as Environmental Pollutants-Analysis of the Effect of Tetrabutylammonium Chloride on the Growth and Development of Wheat and Cucumber. TOXICS 2023; 11:522. [PMID: 37368622 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are a huge group of chemical compounds that have found, or may, in the future, find, applications in various industries. These compounds are characterized by excellent physical, chemical, and biological properties, but a big problem is their environmental impact. One of the representatives of this group of compounds is tetrabutylammonium chloride ([TBA][Cl]). In this present study, the effects of [TBA][Cl] were evaluated on two popular plant species-a monocotyledonous plant-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and a dicotyledonous plant-cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The results showed that the compound caused a pronounced inhibition of plant growth and roots, as well as plant fresh weight yield. An increase in plant dry weight was observed at the same time. Despite the decrease in the content of photosynthetic pigments, no major changes were observed in chlorophyll fluorescence. All observed changes were strongly related to the applied concentration of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pawłowska
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Dagmara Wojtala
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Robert Biczak
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
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Khan AS, Sakina, Nasrullah A, Ullah S, Ullah Z, Khan Z, Khan NA, Khan SZ, Din IU. An Overview on Phytotoxic Perspective of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Role of Chemical Structure in the Phytotoxicity. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sada Khan
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Sakina
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Asma Nasrullah
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Department of Chemistry 25000 Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Saadat Ullah
- Hazara University Department of Chemistry Mansehra Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Ullah
- Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS) Department of Chemistry Takatu Campus 87100 Quetta Pakistan
| | - Zahid Khan
- American University of Sharjah Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- University of Sharjah Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine University City 27272 Sharjah Unites Arab Emirates
- Istinye University Istinye Faculty of Medicine 34396 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Shahan Zeb Khan
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Israf Ud Din
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities P.O. Box 173 Al-Kharj Saudi Arabia
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Wei P, Pan X, Chen CY, Li HY, Yan X, Li C, Chu YH, Yan B. Emerging impacts of ionic liquids on eco-environmental safety and human health. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13609-13627. [PMID: 34812453 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00946j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, ionic liquids (ILs) have been rapidly applied in diverse areas, such as organic synthesis, electrochemistry, analytical chemistry, functional materials, pharmaceutics, and biomedicine. The increase in the production and application of ILs has resulted in their release into aquatic and terrestrial environments. Because of their low vapor pressure, ILs cause very little pollution in the atmosphere compared to organic solvents. However, ILs are highly persistent in aquatic and terrestrial environments due to their stability, and therefore, potentially threaten the safety of eco-environments and human health. Specifically, the environmental translocation and retention of ILs, or their accumulation in organisms, are all related to their physiochemical properties, such as hydrophobicity. Based on results of ecotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and toxicity in mammalian models, the mechanisms involved in IL-induced toxicity include damage of cell membranes and induction of oxidative stress. Recently, artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques have been used in mining and modeling toxicity data to make meaningful predictions. Major future challenges are also discussed. This review will accelerate our understanding of the safety issues of ILs and serve as a guideline for the design of the next generation of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghao Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Xiujiao Pan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chien-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Hsin-Yi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Xiliang Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yen-Ho Chu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 62102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China. .,Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Fundamental importance of ionic interactions in the liquid phase: A review of recent studies of ionic liquids in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shao Y, Wang J, Du Z, Li B, Zhu L, Wang J, Zhang S. Toxic effect of [Omim]BF 4 and [Omim]Br on antioxidant stress and oxidative damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 60:37-44. [PMID: 29655015 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, model soil organism, earthworms (Eisenia fetida), were selected to examine the chronic toxic effect of two different ionic liquids (ILs) [Omim]BF4 and [Omim]Br. Earthworms were put into different ILs concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg) in artificial soil and random selected on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were researched for determination of antioxidant stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and olive tail moment (OTM) were researched to determine the oxidative damage. Both the pollutants had the same effect on earthworms: ILs led to accumulation of ROS, and then antioxidant enzymes and detoxification enzyme all changed to eliminate the effects of ROS, and the above process led to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in earthworms. This paper shows that [Omim]BF4 and [Omim]Br both caused toxicity to earthworms and had the similar toxicity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shao
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Shumin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
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