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Di Cicco M, Tabilio Di Camillo A, Di Marzio W, Sáenz ME, Galassi DMP, Pieraccini G, Galante A, Di Censo D, Di Lorenzo T. Subchronic Effects of Tetrachloroethylene on Two Freshwater Copepod Species: Implications for Groundwater Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 39185674 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, notably tetrachloroethylene (also known as perchloroethylene [PCE]), are persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) and/or very persistent, mobile, and toxic (vPMT) groundwater pollutants, often exceeding safe drinking water thresholds. The present study delves into the groundwater risk assessment of PCE with a novel focus on the sensitivity of stygobitic species-organisms uniquely adapted to groundwater environments. Through a comparative analysis of the subchronic effects of PCE on the locomotion behavior of two copepod species, the stygobitic Moraria sp. and the nonstygobitic Bryocamptus zschokkei, we highlighted the inadequacy of the current European predicted-no-effect concentration of PCE for groundwater ecosystems. Our findings indicate significant behavioral impairments in both species at a concentration (32 ng/L PCE) well below the threshold deemed safe, suggesting that the current European guidelines for groundwater risk assessment may not adequately protect the unique biodiversity of groundwater habitats. Importantly, B. zschokkei demonstrated sensitivity to PCE comparable to or greater than that of the target stygobitic species, suggesting its utility as a substitute species in groundwater risk assessment. The present study adds to the limited research on the ecotoxicological sensitivity of groundwater species to PMT/vPMT chemicals and highlights the need for refined groundwater risk-assessment methodologies that consider the susceptibilities of stygobitic species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-13. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Di Cicco
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Agostina Tabilio Di Camillo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- National Research Council-Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (CNR-IRET), Florence, Italy
| | - Walter Di Marzio
- Department of Basic Sciences, Program Research in Ecotoxicology, National University of Luján, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (PRIET-UNLU-CONICET), Luján, Argentina
| | - Maria Elena Sáenz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Program Research in Ecotoxicology, National University of Luján, National Scientific and Technical Research Council (PRIET-UNLU-CONICET), Luján, Argentina
| | | | | | - Angelo Galante
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Gran Sasso National Laboratory, INFN, L'Aquila, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, c/o Department of Physical and Chemical Science, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Davide Di Censo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Lorenzo
- National Research Council-Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (CNR-IRET), Florence, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
- "Emil Racovita" Institute of Speleology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes & CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Kozlova Y, Kozlov S. Сhanges of trace elements in the cerebellum and their influence on the rats behavior in elevated plus maze in the acute period of mild blast-induced brain injury. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 78:127189. [PMID: 37201369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In connection with the widespread use of explosive devices in military conflicts, in particular in Ukraine, is relevant to detect the biometals changes in the cerebellum and determine the presence of their influence on the behavior changes of rats in the elevated plus maze in the acute period of a mild blast-traumatic brain injury (bTBI). METHODS The selected rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group I - Experimental with bTBI (with an excess pressure of 26-36 kPa), Group II - Sham and Group III - Intact. Behavior studies was in the elevated plus maze. Brain spectral analysis was with using of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis, after obtaining the quantitative mass fractions of biometals, the ratios of Cu/Fe, Cu/Zn, Zn/Fe were calculated and the data between the three groups were compared. RESULTS The results showed an increase in mobility in the experimental rats, which indicates functional disorders of the cerebellum in the form of maladaptation in space. Changes in cognitive activity also is an evidence of cerebellum suppression, which is indicated by changes in vertical locomotor activity. Grooming time was shortened. We established a significant increase in Cu/Fe and Zn/Fe ratios in the cerebellum, a decrease in Cu/Zn. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the Cu/Fe, Cu/Zn, and Zn/Fe ratios in the cerebellum correlate with impaired locomotor and cognitive activity in rats in the acute posttraumatic period. Accumulation of Fe on the 1st and 3rd day leads to disturbance of the Cu and Zn balance on the 7th day and starts a "vicious cycle" of neuronal damage. Cu/Fe, Cu/Zn, and Zn/Fe imbalances are secondary factors in the pathogenesis of brain damage as a result of primary bTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliia Kozlova
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Pathological Physiology, Dnipro State Medical University, st. Vernadskoho, 9, Dnipro, Ukraine.
| | - Sergii Kozlov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Forensic Medicine and Pathological Physiology, Dnipro State Medical University, st. Vernadskoho, 9, Dnipro, Ukraine
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Fear generalization and behavioral responses to multiple dangers. Trends Ecol Evol 2023; 38:369-380. [PMID: 36428124 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Animals often exhibit consistent-individual differences (CIDs) in boldness/fearfulness, typically studied in the context of predation risk. We focus here on fear generalization, where fear of one danger (e.g., predators) is correlated with fear of other dangers (e.g., humans, pathogens, moving vehicles, or fire). We discuss why fear generalization should be ecologically important, and why we expect fear to correlate across disparate dangers. CIDs in fear are well studied for some dangers in some taxa (e.g., human fear of pathogens), but not well studied for most dangers. Fear of some dangers has been found to correlate with general fearfulness, but some cases where we might expect correlated fears (e.g., between fear of humans, familiar predators, and exotic predators) are surprisingly understudied.
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Salvatierra D, Rodríguez-Ruiz Á, Cordero A, López-Doval J, Baldó F, Blasco J, Araújo CVM. Experimental evidence of contamination driven shrimp population dynamics: Susceptibility of populations to spatial isolation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153225. [PMID: 35063515 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination is likely to affect the composition of an ecological landscape, leading to the rupture of ecological connectivity among habitats (ecological fragmentation), which may impact on the distribution, persistence and abundance of populations. In the current study, different scenarios within a spatially heterogeneous landscape were simulated in the Heterogeneous Multi-Habitat Assay System (HeMHAS) to evaluate the potential effect that contamination (copper at 0.5 and 25 μg/L) might have on habitat selection by the estuarine shrimp Palaemon varians in combination with two other ecological factors: predator presence and food availability. As a result, P. varians detected and avoided copper; however, in the presence of the predation signal, shrimps shifted their response by moving to previously avoided regions, even if this resulted in a higher exposure to contamination. When encouraged to move towards environments with a high availability of food, a lower connectivity among the shrimp populations isolated by both contamination and predation risk simultaneously was evidenced, when compared to populations isolated only by the risk of predation. These results indicate that contamination might: (i) trigger avoidance in shrimps, (ii) prevent colonization of attractive foraging areas, (iii) enhance populations' isolation and (iv), make populations more susceptible to local extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Salvatierra
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Ángela Rodríguez-Ruiz
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Andrea Cordero
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Baldó
- Spanish Institute of Oceanography, Oceanographic Center of Cadiz (IEO-CSIC), Cadiz, Spain
| | - Julián Blasco
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Cristiano V M Araújo
- Department of Ecology and Coastal Management, Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (ICMAN - CSIC), Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
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Jolles JW. Broad‐scale applications of the Raspberry Pi: A review and guide for biologists. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jolle W. Jolles
- Zukunftskolleg University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
- Department of Collective Behaviour Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour Konstanz Germany
- Centre for Research on Ecology and Forestry Applications (CREAF) Barcelona Spain
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