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Liu Y, Liu S, Xu L, Ma M, Zhang X, Chen X, Wei F, Song B, Cheng T, Yuan J, Shen B. Atomic Imaging of Multi-Dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper Interfaces in Lead-Halide Perovskites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400013. [PMID: 38433394 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) interface with defined stacking structure will fundamentally influence the optoelectronic performances of lead-halide perovskite (LHP) materials and devices. However, it remains challenging to observe the atomic local structures in LHPs, especially for multi-dimensional RP interface hidden inside the nanocrystal. In this work, the advantages of two imaging modes in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), including high-angle annular dark field (HAADF) and integrated differential phase contrast (iDPC) STEM, are successfully combined to study the bulk and local structures of inorganic and organic/inorganic hybrid LHP nanocrystals. Then, the multi-dimensional RP interfaces in these LHPs are atomically resolved with clear gap and blurred transition region, respectively. In particular, the complex interface by the RP stacking in 3D directions can be analyzed in 2D projected image. Finally, the phase transition, ion missing, and electronic structures related to this interface are investigated. These results provide real-space evidence for observing and analyzing atomic multi-dimensional RP interfaces, which may help to better understand the structure-property relation of LHPs, especially their complex local structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Suya Liu
- Shanghai Nanoport, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Building A, No.2537, Jinke Road. Pudong District, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mengmeng Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xuliang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bin Song
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Boyuan Shen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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