1
|
Ren M, Tan B, Xu J, Yang Z, Zheng H, Tang Q, Zhang X, Wang W. Priming methods affected deterioration speed of primed rice seeds by regulating reactive oxygen species accumulation, seed respiration and starch degradation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1267103. [PMID: 37868303 PMCID: PMC10586809 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1267103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment that is beneficial for rice seed germination and seedling growth, but the reduced seed longevity after seed priming greatly limited its adoption. The deterioration of primed seeds showed large differences among different studies, and the priming method might play an important role in regulating the deterioration speed of primed seeds. However, whether and how the priming method affected the deterioration of primed rice seeds during storage remains unknown. Methods In this study, two typical seed priming methods, namely hydropriming (HP) and osmopriming (PEG) were compared under artificially accelerated aging conditions, the changes in germination performance, starch metabolism, seed respiration and reactive oxygen species accumulation before and after accelerated aging were determined. Results and discussion Hydroprimed rice seeds exhibited significantly faster deterioration speed than that of PEG-primed seeds in terms of germination speed and percentage. Meanwhile, α-amylase activity and total soluble sugar content in hydroprimed seeds were reduced by 19.3% and 10.0% respectively after aging, as compared with PEG-primed seeds. Such effects were strongly associated with the increased reactive oxygen generation and lipid peroxidation, as the content of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in hydroprimed seeds were 4.4%, 12.3% and 13.7% higher than those in PEG-primed seeds after aging, such effect could be attributed to the increased respiratory metabolism in hydroprimed seeds. In addition, the simultaneous use of N-acetylcysteine with HP and PEG priming greatly inhibited the deterioration of primed rice seeds, suggesting that the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species may be the key factor affecting the speed of deterioration in primed rice seeds during storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muyao Ren
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Biao Tan
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengpeng Yang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Huabin Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiyuan Tang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Rice Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Nanning, China
| | - Weiqin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo Q, Gao Y, Song C, Zhang X, Wang G. Morphological and transcriptomic responses/acclimations of erect-type submerged macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata both at low-light exposure and light recovery phases. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10583. [PMID: 37809356 PMCID: PMC10556543 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Light intensity is a determinant for submerged macrophytes. Little is known about their molecular responses to low-light exposure, despite more informative and responsive than morphological traits. For erect-type submerged macrophytes, the stem is more crucial relative to the leaf in acclimation to low-light stress, but receives less attention. We determined morphological and stem transcriptomic responses/acclimations of Hydrilla verticillata to extremely and mildly low light (7.2 and 36 μmol photons m-2 s-1, respectively), that is, EL and ML, with the radiation intensity of 180 μmol photons m-2 s-1 as the control. Low-light exposure continued for 9 days, followed by a 7-day recovery phase (180 μmol photons m-2 s-1). At the exposure phase, the low-light treatments, in particular the EL, decreased the relative growth ratio, but induced greater height and longer stem internode distance and epidermal cell. Such responses/acclimations continued into the recovery phase, despite more or less changes in the magnitude. Transcriptome showed that the photosynthetic system was inhibited at the exposure phase, but the macrophyte adjusted hormone synthesis relating to cell division and elongation. Moreover, the EL activated cell stress responses such as DNA repair. Following light recovery, the macrophyte exhibited a strong-light response, although energy metabolism enhanced. Especially, the EL enriched the pathways relating to anthocyanin synthesis at such phase, indicating an activation of photoprotective mechanism. Our findings suggest that negative influences of low light occur at both low-light exposure and recovery phases, but submerged macrophytes would acclimate to light environments. Transcriptome can show molecular basis of plant responses/acclimations, including but not limited to morphology. This study establishes a bridge connecting morphological and molecular responses/acclimations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Guo
- School of EnvironmentNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuxuan Gao
- School of EnvironmentNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental ChangeInstitute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chao Song
- School of EnvironmentNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xinhou Zhang
- School of EnvironmentNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- School of EnvironmentNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu C, Li C, Bing H, Zhao J, Li L, Sun P, Li T, Du D, Zhao J, Wang X, Xiang W. Integrated Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Guvermectin Promoting Seed Germination in Direct-Seeded Rice under Chilling Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7348-7358. [PMID: 37129443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rice direct seeding technology has been considered as a promising alternative to traditional transplanting because of its advantages in saving labor and water. However, the poor emergence and seedling growth caused by chill stress are the main bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption of direct-seeded rice in Heilongjiang Province, China. Here, we found that natural plant growth regulator guvermectin (GV) effectively improved rice seed germination and seedling growth under chilling stress. Results from 2 year field trials showed that seed-soaking with GV not only enhanced the emergence rate and seedling growth but also increased the panicle number per plant and grain number per panicle, resulting in 9.0 and 6.8% increase in the yield of direct-seeded rice, respectively. Integrative physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic assays revealed that GV promoted seed germination under chilling stress mainly by enhancing the activities of α-amylase and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), increasing the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein, improving the biosynthesis of glutathione and flavonoids, as well as activating gibberellin-responsive transcription factors and inhibiting the abscisic acid signaling pathway. These findings indicate that seed-soaking with GV has good potential to improve seedling establishment and yield of direct-seeded rice even under chilling stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chenxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Bing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dandan Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junlei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang M, Li B, Wan Z, Chen X, Liu C, Liu C, Zhou Y. Exogenous Spermidine Promotes Germination of Aged Sorghum Seeds by Mediating Sugar Metabolism. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2853. [PMID: 36365306 PMCID: PMC9657371 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Starch, a substance stored in seeds, is the main source of energy for germination in sorghum seeds. However, as the seeds age, the catabolism of seed starch is affected, thereby seriously damaging germination ability. In this study, we aimed to understand how exogenous spermidine promoted germination in aged sorghum seed. Our phenotypic analysis indicated that exogenous spermidine not only significantly improved the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index of aged seeds, but also increased the root and shoot length after germination. Further, physiological analysis showed that exogenous spermidine increased the content of soluble sugar by upregulating the activity of amylase and sucrose invertase. Exogenous spermidine also improved the activities of key enzymes in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the pentose phosphate pathway of aged sorghum seeds. Interestingly, exogenous spermidine protected the mitochondrial structure of aged seeds, which was consistent with the increase in the respiration rate and ATP content during seed germination. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis revealed that exogenous spermidine induced the expression of key genes related to starch and sugar metabolism in aged sorghum seeds. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that exogenous spermidine promoted aged sorghum seed germination by regulating starch and sugar metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bang Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zuliang Wan
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaofei Chen
- Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chunjuan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yufei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Magnetopriming Actuates Nitric Oxide Synthesis to Regulate Phytohormones for Improving Germination of Soybean Seeds under Salt Stress. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142174. [PMID: 35883617 PMCID: PMC9322440 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the role of the signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO) in magnetopriming-mediated induction of salinity tolerance in soybean seeds is established. The cross-talk of NO with germination-related hormones gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin (IAA) for their ability to reduce the Na+/K+ ratio in the seeds germinating under salinity is highlighted. Salt tolerance index was significantly high for seedlings emerging from magnetoprimed seeds and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO-donor) treatment. The NO and superoxide (O2•−) levels were also increased in both of these treatments under non-saline and saline conditions. NO generation through nitrate reductase (NR) and nitric oxide synthase-like (NOS-like) pathways indicated the major contribution of NO from the NR-catalysed reaction. The relative expression of genes involved in the NO biosynthetic pathways reiterated the indulgence of NR in NO in magnetoprimed seeds, as a 3.86-fold increase in expression was observed over unprimed seeds under salinity. A 23.26-fold increase in relative expression of NR genes by the NO donor (SNP) was observed under salinity, while the NR inhibitor (sodium tungstate, ST) caused maximum reduction in expression of NR genes as compared to other inhibitors [L-NAME (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase-like enzyme) and DPI (diphenylene iodonium; NADPH oxidase inhibitor)]. The ratio of ABA/GA and IAA/GA decreased in magnetoprimed and NO donor-treated seeds, suggesting homeostasis amongst hormones during germination under salinity. The magnetoprimed seeds showed low Na+/K+ ratio in all treatments irrespective of NO inhibitors. Altogether, our results indicate that a balance of ABA, GA and IAA is maintained by the signalling molecule NO in magnetoprimed seeds which lowers the Na+/K+ ratio to offset the adverse effects of salinity in soybean seeds.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nie L, Song S, Yin Q, Zhao T, Liu H, He A, Wang W. Enhancement in Seed Priming-Induced Starch Degradation of Rice Seed Under Chilling Stress via GA-Mediated α-Amylase Expression. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:19. [PMID: 35344097 PMCID: PMC8960536 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00567-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Chilling stress is the major abiotic stress that severely limited the seedling establishment of direct-seeded rice in temperate and sub-tropical rice production regions. While seed priming is an efficient pre-sowing seed treatment in enhancing crop establishment under abiotic stress. Our previous research has identified two seed priming treatments, selenium priming (Se) and salicylic priming (SA) that effectively improved the seed germination and seedling growth of rice under chilling stress. To further explore how seed priming enhance the starch degradation of rice seeds under chilling stress, the present study evaluated the effects of Se and SA priming on germination and seedling growth, α-amylase activity, total soluble sugar content, hormone content and associated gene relative expression under chilling stress. The results showed that both Se and SA priming significantly increased the seed germination and seedling growth attributes, and enhanced the starch degradation ability by increasing α-amylase activity and total soluble sugar content under chilling stress. Meanwhile, seed priming increased the transcription level of OsRamy1A, OsRamy3B that regulated by GA, and increased the transcription level of OsRamy3E that regulated by sugar signals. Furthermore, seed priming significantly improved the GA3 contents in rice seeds by up-regulating the expression of OsGA3ox1 and OsGA20ox1, and decreased the ABA content and the expression of OsNCED1, indicating that the improved starch degradation ability in primed rice seeds under chilling stress might be attributed to the increased GA3 and decreased ABA levels in primed rice seeds, which induced the expression of GA-mediated α-amylase. However, studies to explore how seed priming mediate hormonal metabolism and the expression of OsRamy3E are desperately needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Nie
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaokun Song
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Qi Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Tingcheng Zhao
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Aibin He
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiqin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|