Effect on amino acid and mineral content of the loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) by adding Fe (II) chelating hairtail protein hydrolysates (Fe (II)-HPH) to the feed

Dietary Effect of Curcumin on Amino Acid, Fatty Acid, and Volatile Compound Profiles of Chicken Meat

This study investigated the dietary effect of curcumin (CUR) on amino acid, 5'-nucleotides, fatty acid, and volatile compound profiles of chicken meat. A total of 400 healthy 1-day-old broiler male chicks were divided into 4 groups (n = 10) and fed either a basal diet or a diet with the addition of CUR with concentrations of 100 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg for 43 days. The results show that the addition of CUR in chicken diets is conducive to promoting the deposition of amino acids and increasing the content of 5'-nucleotides in chicken meat, reducing the contents of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and C20:4 n6 but increasing the ratio between polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and SFA. In addition, the volatile compound profile shows that the main volatile compounds in chicken meat are aldehydes (including hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and nonanal), with significant increases in their contents observed among chickens in the CUR-intake group. Moreover, it has been found that (E, E)-2,4-nonadienal, trans-2-decenal, benzaldehyde, and trans-2-octenal in chicken meat can significantly increase its overall aroma, and the addition of CUR with 150 mg/kg had the best effect on improving nutritional quality and flavor of chicken meat. This study provides a basis for the comprehensive utilization of CUR as a feed additive with the potential to substitute antibiotics.

Enhancement of γ-Aminobutyric Acid and the Characteristics of Nutrition and Function in White Quinoa through Ultrasound Stress at the Pre-Germination Stage

The global production of quinoa has been increasing in recent years. In plant-based foods, ultrasound stress has received increasing attention, owing to its ability to enhance the production of primary and secondary metabolites. We studied the effects of ultrasonic stress at the pre-germination stage on the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulation and characteristics of nutrition and function in quinoa. The results showed that ultrasonic conditions of 100 W for 4 min promoted an increase in GABA content by 9.15-fold, to 162.47 ± 6.69 mg/100 g·DW, compared to that of untreated quinoa, through promoting a 10.2% and 71.9% increase in the water absorption and glutamate decarboxylase activity of quinoa, respectively. Meanwhile, compared to untreated quinoa, ultrasonic stress at the pre-germination stage enhanced the total phenolic, total flavonoid, and total saponin contents of quinoa by 10.2%, 33.6%, and 90.7%, to 3.29 mg GA/g·DW, 104.0 mg RE/100 g·DW, and 7.13 mg/g, respectively, without decreasing its basic nutritional quality. Ultrasonic stress caused fissures on the surface of quinoa starch particles. Additionally, germination under ultrasonic stress increased the n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by 14.4%. Furthermore, ultrasonic stress at the pre-germination stage promoted the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and inhibitions of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase by 14.4%, 14.9%, 24.6%, and 20.0% in vitro, compared to untreated quinoa. The results indicated that the quinoa sprouted via ultrasonic stress could represent a promising method through which to develop nutritionally balanced whole grains rich in GABA, with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities, which could provide theoretical support for the development of functional whole-grain foods based on quinoa.

Expression profiles of cdca9 related to ovarian development in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)

The function of borealin proteins has been widely reported in the cell division of animals. Nonetheless, there is little research about their only known paralogue (cell division cycle associated 9, cdca9). In this study, cdca9 was investigated in loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) for the first time. cdca9 was highly expressed in the embryo before the gastrula stage, and it was predominantly expressed in the ovary, especially in the oocytes of stage II. In conclusion, this study reveals a potential function of cdca9 in the early embryogenesis and ovarian development of fish.