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Basak S, Hridayanka KSN, Duttaroy AK. Bioactives and their roles in bone metabolism of osteoarthritis: evidence and mechanisms on gut-bone axis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1323233. [PMID: 38235147 PMCID: PMC10792057 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactives significantly modify and maintain human health. Available data suggest that Bioactives might play a beneficial role in chronic inflammatory diseases. Although promised, defining their mechanisms and opting to weigh their benefits and limitations is imperative. Detailed mechanisms by which critical Bioactives, including probiotics and prebiotics such as dietary lipids (DHA, EPA, alpha LA), vitamin D, polysaccharides (fructooligosaccharide), polyphenols (curcumin, resveratrol, and capsaicin) potentially modulate inflammation and bone metabolism is limited. Certain dietary bioactive significantly impact the gut microbiota, immune system, and pain response via the gut-immune-bone axis. This narrative review highlights a recent update on mechanistic evidence that bioactive is demonstrated demonstrated to reduce osteoarthritis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kota Sri Naga Hridayanka
- Molecular Biology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Dludla PV, Cirilli I, Marcheggiani F, Silvestri S, Orlando P, Muvhulawa N, Moetlediwa MT, Nkambule BB, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Hlengwa N, Hanser S, Ndwandwe D, Marnewick JL, Basson AK, Tiano L. Bioactive Properties, Bioavailability Profiles, and Clinical Evidence of the Potential Benefits of Black Pepper ( Piper nigrum) and Red Pepper ( Capsicum annum) against Diverse Metabolic Complications. Molecules 2023; 28:6569. [PMID: 37764345 PMCID: PMC10534530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of food-derived products, including the regular intake of pepper, is increasingly evaluated for its potential benefits in protecting against diverse metabolic complications. The current study made use of prominent electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to retrieve clinical evidence linking the intake of black and red pepper with the amelioration of metabolic complications. The findings summarize evidence supporting the beneficial effects of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), including its active ingredient, piperine, in improving blood lipid profiles, including reducing circulating levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides in overweight and obese individuals. The intake of piperine was also linked with enhanced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties by increasing serum levels of superoxide dismutase while reducing those of malonaldehyde and C-reactive protein in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Evidence summarized in the current review also indicates that red pepper (Capsicum annum), together with its active ingredient, capsaicin, could promote energy expenditure, including limiting energy intake, which is likely to contribute to reduced fat mass in overweight and obese individuals. Emerging clinical evidence also indicates that pepper may be beneficial in alleviating complications linked with other chronic conditions, including osteoarthritis, oropharyngeal dysphagia, digestion, hemodialysis, and neuromuscular fatigue. Notably, the beneficial effects of pepper or its active ingredients appear to be more pronounced when used in combination with other bioactive compounds. The current review also covers essential information on the metabolism and bioavailability profiles of both pepper species and their main active ingredients, which are all necessary to understand their potential beneficial effects against metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (N.M.); (D.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (N.H.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.); (S.S.); (P.O.); (L.T.)
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.); (S.S.); (P.O.); (L.T.)
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.); (S.S.); (P.O.); (L.T.)
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.); (S.S.); (P.O.); (L.T.)
| | - Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (N.M.); (D.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (M.T.M.); (S.E.M.-M.)
| | - Marakiya T. Moetlediwa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (M.T.M.); (S.E.M.-M.)
| | - Bongani B. Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa; (M.T.M.); (S.E.M.-M.)
| | - Nokulunga Hlengwa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (N.H.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa;
| | - Duduzile Ndwandwe
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; (N.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Jeanine L. Marnewick
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (N.H.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (I.C.); (F.M.); (S.S.); (P.O.); (L.T.)
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