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Terrinoni A, Micheloni G, Moretti V, Caporali S, Bernardini S, Minieri M, Pieri M, Giaroni C, Acquati F, Costantino L, Ferrara F, Valli R, Porta G. OTX Genes in Adult Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16962. [PMID: 38069286 PMCID: PMC10707059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OTX homeobox genes have been extensively studied for their role in development, especially in neuroectoderm formation. Recently, their expression has also been reported in adult physiological and pathological tissues, including retina, mammary and pituitary glands, sinonasal mucosa, in several types of cancer, and in response to inflammatory, ischemic, and hypoxic stimuli. Reactivation of OTX genes in adult tissues supports the notion of the evolutionary amplification of functions of genes by varying their temporal expression, with the selection of homeobox genes from the "toolbox" to drive or contribute to different processes at different stages of life. OTX involvement in pathologies points toward these genes as potential diagnostic and/or prognostic markers as well as possible therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Terrinoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Micheloni
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moretti
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Sabrina Caporali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Minieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Giaroni
- Department of Medicina e Innovazione Tecnologica, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Acquati
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Lucy Costantino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Via Saint Bon 20, 20147 Milano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ferrara
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Via Saint Bon 20, 20147 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Valli
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Porta
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5, 21100 Varese, Italy
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2
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Lucidi D, Cantaffa C, Miglio M, Spina F, Alicandri Ciufelli M, Marchioni A, Marchioni D. Tumors of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses: Promoting Factors and Molecular Mechanisms-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032670. [PMID: 36768990 PMCID: PMC9916834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal neoplasms are uncommon diseases, characterized by heterogeneous biological behavior, which frequently results in challenges in differential diagnosis and treatment choice. The aim of this review was to examine the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumor initiation and growth, in order to better define diagnostic and therapeutic strategies as well as the prognostic impact of these rare neoplasms. A systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria was conducted between September and November 2022. The authors considered the three main histological patterns of sinonasal tumors, namely Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma, and Olfactory Neuroblastoma. In total, 246 articles were eventually included in the analysis. The genetic and epigenetic changes underlying the oncogenic process were discussed, through a qualitative synthesis of the included studies. The identification of a comprehensive model of carcinogenesis for each sinonasal cancer subtype is needed, in order to pave the way toward tailored treatment approaches and improve survival for this rare and challenging group of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lucidi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Carla Cantaffa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3385313850; Fax: +39-0594222402
| | - Matteo Miglio
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Federica Spina
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Alicandri Ciufelli
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Marchioni
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
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3
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Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Morphological Reappraisal and Molecular Insights with Quantum Leap in Clinical Perspectives. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:11-18. [PMID: 36449116 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-022-01348-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of review is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature focusing on the recent advances in the diagnosis, molecular underpinning, and targeted therapy of olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). RECENT FINDINGS Studies focused on the molecular fingerprinting of ONB are critical to engage new promising treatment strategies. Molecular-based subtype classifications have been proposed (basal-like ONB and neural-like ONB) but are not widely used. The rationale for implementation of DNA methylation analysis and IDH2 sequencing in routine work-up for ONB is gaining recognition. Expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTR) in ONB open new avenues for both, diagnostic (especially metastatic disease) and new treatment protocols with somatostatin analogs. Olfactory carcinoma is proposed as a unifying diagnostic terminology pertinent to epithelial divergent differentiation in olfactory neuroblastoma. Molecular (genetic and epigenetic) efforts on olfactory neuroblastoma are promising; however further refinement is needed for employment of these biomarkers as clinical standard of care. Ongoing and future multi-institutional collaborative studies will contribute to further understanding of ONB biology and aid the development of targeted treatments for this disease.
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4
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Khan AW, Kennedy A, Furutani E, Myers K, Frattini A, Acquati F, Roccia P, Micheloni G, Minelli A, Porta G, Cipolli M, Cesaro S, Danesino C, Pasquali F, Shimamura A, Valli R. The frequent and clinically benign anomalies of chromosomes 7 and 20 in Shwachman-diamond syndrome may be subject to further clonal variations. Mol Cytogenet 2021; 14:54. [PMID: 34819134 PMCID: PMC8611838 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-021-00575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An isochromosome of the long arm of chromosome 7, i(7)(q10), and an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20, del(20)(q), are the most frequent anomalies in the bone marrow of patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, which is caused in most cases by mutations of the SBDS gene. These clonal changes imply milder haematological symptoms and lower risk of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukaemia, thanks to already postulated rescue mechanisms. Results Bone marrow from fourteen patients exhibiting either the i(7)(q10) or the del(20)(q) and coming from two large cohorts of patients, were subjected to chromosome analyses, Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization with informative probes and array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization. One patient with the i(7)(q10) showed a subsequent clonal rearrangement of the normal chromosome 7 across years. Four patients carrying the del(20)(q) evolved further different del(20)(q) independent clones, within a single bone marrow sample, or across sequential samples. One patient with the del(20)(q), developed a parallel different clone with a duplication of chromosome 3 long arm. Eight patients bore the del(20)(q) as the sole chromosomal abnormality. An overall overview of patients with the del(20)(q), also including cases already reported, confirmed that all the deletions were interstitial. The loss of material varied from 1.7 to 26.9 Mb and resulted in the loss of the EIF6 gene in all patients. Conclusions Although the i(7)(q) and the del(20)(q) clones are frequent and clinically benign in Shwachman Diamond-syndrome, in the present work we show that they may rearrange, may be lost and then reconstructed de novo, or may evolve with independent clones across years. These findings unravel a striking selective pressure exerted by SBDS deficiency driving to karyotype instability and to specific clonal abnormalities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13039-021-00575-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed Khan
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Alyssa Kennedy
- Dana Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kasiani Myers
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Annalisa Frattini
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, CNR, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Acquati
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della Vita, Università Dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Centro di Medicina Genomica-Università dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Pamela Roccia
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Micheloni
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonella Minelli
- Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo and Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Porta
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy.,Centro di Medicina Genomica-Università dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Cipolli
- Centro Fibrosi Cistica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Cesare Danesino
- Genetica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo and Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasquali
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Akiko Shimamura
- Dana Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberto Valli
- Genetica Umana e Medica, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Dell'Insubria, Via J. H. Dunant, 5, 21100, Varese, Italy. .,Centro di Medicina Genomica-Università dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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5
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Kaur RP, Izumchenko E, Blakaj DM, Mladkova N, Lechner M, Beaumont TL, Floudas CS, Gallia GL, London NR. The genomics and epigenetics of olfactory neuroblastoma: A systematic review. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2021; 6:721-728. [PMID: 34401496 PMCID: PMC8356883 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) or esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare malignancy of the nasal cavity believed to arise from the olfactory epithelium. The goal of this study was to systematically review the genomics, epigenetics, and cytogenetics of ONB and to understand the potential clinical implications of these studies. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed for articles published before May 2020 using Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed, and Scopus databases. Inclusion criteria included genomics, cytogenetics, and epigenetics studies on ONB. Exclusion criteria included studies not in English or systematic reviews. Articles and abstracts were reviewed by two independent reviewers to reduce bias during article selection and synthesis of results. Of the 36 studies included in this review, 24 were research articles and 12 were abstracts. RESULTS Although recurrent mutations among ONB tumors are uncommon, alterations in TP53, DMD, PIK3CA, NF1, CDKN2A, CDKN2C, CTNNB1, EGFR, APC, cKIT, cMET, PDGFRA, CDH1, FH, SMAD4, FGFR3 and IDH2 genes have been reported in several recent studies. In addition, cytogenetic studies revealed that the landscape of chromosomal aberrations varies widely amongst ONB tumors. CONCLUSIONS The rare character of ONB has limited the sample size available for cytogenetic, genomic, and epigenetic studies and contributes to the limitations of this systematic review. Comprehensive genomic and epigenomic studies with larger cohorts are warranted to validate the initial reports summarized in this review and to identify potential therapeutic targets for ONB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Preet Kaur
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Section of Hematology Oncology, Department of MedicineUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Dukagjin M. Blakaj
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Nikol Mladkova
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Matt Lechner
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryStanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Thomas L. Beaumont
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of California San DiegoSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charalampos S. Floudas
- Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Gary L. Gallia
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Nyall R. London
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of NeurosurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Sinonasal and Skull Base Tumor ProgramNational Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIHBethesdaMarylandUSA
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6
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Consolidating the Hyams grading system in esthesioneuroblastoma - an individual participant data meta-analysis. J Neurooncol 2021; 153:15-22. [PMID: 33770323 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-021-03746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is an uncommon primary sinonasal tumor which can extend intracranially. Exactly how to classify them pathologically still remains discrepant; the Hyams grading system, for example, has not been universally adopted. This individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prognostic implication of each Hyams grade on patient outcomes. METHODS We accessed two electronic databases including PubMed and Web of Science. Raw patient data from potential articles were extracted. To examine the associations of various clinicopathological factors with the Hyams grades, we utilized Chi-square, t-test, and Mann-Whitney, as appropriate. Log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to elucidate the impact of the Hyams grades on recurrence-free survival (RFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS) of ENB patients. RESULTS We included 33 studies with 492 ENB patients. We found significant associations of Kadish stages, Dulguerov stages, rates of recurrence, metastasis, and patient mortality with Hyams grade. Log-rank tests and Cox regression models demonstrated significant differences in RFS and OS of Hyams grade I - II, grade III, and grade IV patients. There was no statistical difference in RFS and OS of Hyams grade I and II. Radiotherapy was only effective in grade III - IV ENBs and chemotherapy showed no benefits to patients. CONCLUSION We verify that the Hyams grading system appears to be a reliable prognostic indicator to assess ENB patient outcomes. Consolidating the Hyams grading system into a three-tier system based on similar clinical outcomes of grades I and II may simplify this classification schema.
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Chromosome Missegregation in Single Human Oocytes Is Related to the Age and Gene Expression Profile. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061934. [PMID: 32178390 PMCID: PMC7139522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing trend for women to postpone childbearing has resulted in a dramatic increase in the incidence of aneuploid pregnancies. Despite the importance to human reproductive health, the events precipitating female age-related meiotic errors are poorly understood. To gain new insight into the molecular basis of age-related chromosome missegregation in human oocytes, we combined the transcriptome profiles of twenty single oocytes (derived from females divided into two groups according to age <35 and ≥35 years) with their chromosome status obtained by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Furthermore, we compared the transcription profile of the single oocyte with the surrounding cumulus cells (CCs). RNA-seq data showed differences in gene expression between young and old oocytes. Dysregulated genes play a role in important biological processes such as gene transcription regulation, cytoskeleton organization, pathways related to RNA maturation and translation. The comparison of the transcription profile of the oocyte and the corresponding CCs highlighted the differential expression of genes belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Finally, we detected the loss of a X chromosome in two oocytes derived from women belonging to the ≥35 years age group. These aneuploidies may be caused by the detriment of REEP4, an endoplasmic reticulum protein, in women aged ≥35 years. Here we gained new insight into the complex regulatory circuit between the oocyte and the surrounding CCs and uncovered a new putative molecular basis of age-related chromosome missegregation in human oocytes.
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8
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Microarray expression studies on bone marrow of patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome in relation to deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20, other chromosome anomalies or normal karyotype. Mol Cytogenet 2020; 13:1. [PMID: 31908654 PMCID: PMC6941278 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-019-0466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clonal chromosome changes are often found in the bone marrow (BM) of patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS). The most frequent ones include an isochromosome of the long arm of chromosome 7, i (7)(q10), and an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20, del (20)(q). These two imbalances are mechanisms of somatic genetic rescue. The literature offers few expression studies on SDS. Results We report the expression analysis of bone marrow (BM) cells of patients with SDS in relation to normal karyotype or to the presence of clonal chromosome anomalies: del (20)(q) (five cases), i (7)(q10) (one case), and other anomalies (two cases). The study was performed using the microarray technique considering the whole transcriptome (WT) and three gene subsets selected as relevant in BM functions. The expression patterns of nine healthy controls and SDS patients with or without chromosome anomalies in the bone marrow showed clear differences. Conclusions There is a significant difference between gene expression in the BM of SDS patients and healthy subjects, both at the WT level and in the selected gene sets. The deletion del (20)(q), with the EIF6 gene consistently lost, even in patients with the smallest losses of material, changes the transcription pattern: a low proportion of abnormal cells led to a pattern similar to SDS patients without acquired anomalies, whereas a high proportion yields a pattern similar to healthy subjects. Hence, the benign prognostic value of del (20)(q). The case of i (7)(q10) showed a transcription pattern similar to healthy subjects, paralleling the positive prognostic role of this anomaly as well.
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9
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Hermsen MA, Riobello C, García-Marín R, Cabal VN, Suárez-Fernández L, López F, Llorente JL. Translational genomics of sinonasal cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 61:101-109. [PMID: 31560943 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The sinonasal cavities harbor a wide variety of histologically distinct cancers, the majority very aggressive with 5-year survival rates between 30-60% and local recurrence as the main cause of death. This is a complex anatomic area, close to structures such the eyes and the brain, which is of special relevance for surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. The low incidence of these rare tumors hampers accumulation of experience with diagnosis and clinical managment as well as knowledge on recurrent genetic aberrations or testing of new treatment strategies. However, recent years have seen a growing number of publications on genetic aberrations providing data that can aid or fine-tune classification and provide molecular targets for treatment with specific inhibitors. In addition, new sinonasal cancer models are created that enable preclinical testing of candidate inhibitor drugs. With more and more novel targeted therapies being developed, options for personalized treatment of sinonasal cancer patients are now opening up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Hermsen
- Dept. Head and Neck Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Cristina Riobello
- Dept. Head and Neck Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Marín
- Dept. Head and Neck Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Virginia N Cabal
- Dept. Head and Neck Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Suárez-Fernández
- Dept. Head and Neck Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Dept. Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - José L Llorente
- Dept. Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
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10
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Gallia GL, Zhang M, Ning Y, Haffner MC, Batista D, Binder ZA, Bishop JA, Hann CL, Hruban RH, Ishii M, Klein AP, Reh DD, Rooper LM, Salmasi V, Tamargo RJ, Wang Q, Williamson T, Zhao T, Zou Y, Meeker AK, Agrawal N, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Papadopoulos N, Bettegowda C. Genomic analysis identifies frequent deletions of Dystrophin in olfactory neuroblastoma. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5410. [PMID: 30575736 PMCID: PMC6303314 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare malignant neoplasm arising in the upper portion of the sinonasal cavity. To better understand the genetic bases for ONB, here we perform whole exome and whole genome sequencing as well as single nucleotide polymorphism array analyses in a series of ONB patient samples. Deletions involving the dystrophin (DMD) locus are found in 12 of 14 (86%) tumors. Interestingly, one of the remaining tumors has a deletion in LAMA2, bringing the number of ONBs with deletions of genes involved in the development of muscular dystrophies to 13 or 93%. This high prevalence implicates an unexpected functional role for genes causing hereditary muscular dystrophies in ONB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary L Gallia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Department of Oncology and Pathology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Yi Ning
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Michael C Haffner
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Denise Batista
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Zev A Binder
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Justin A Bishop
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Christine L Hann
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ralph H Hruban
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Alison P Klein
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Douglas D Reh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Lisa M Rooper
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Vafi Salmasi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rafael J Tamargo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Qing Wang
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Department of Oncology and Pathology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Tara Williamson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Tianna Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Nishant Agrawal
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Bert Vogelstein
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Department of Oncology and Pathology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institutes, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Kenneth W Kinzler
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Department of Oncology and Pathology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Nickolas Papadopoulos
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Department of Oncology and Pathology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Ludwig Center for Cancer Genetics and Therapeutics, Department of Oncology and Pathology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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11
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López-Hernández A, Vivanco B, Franchi A, Bloemena E, Cabal VN, Potes S, Riobello C, García-Inclán C, López F, Llorente JL, Hermsen M. Genetic profiling of poorly differentiated sinonasal tumours. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3998. [PMID: 29507386 PMCID: PMC5838253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21690-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The sinonasal cavities harbour a variety of rare tumour types. Many carry a poor prognosis while therapeutic options are limited. Histopathological classification can be difficult, especially for poorly differentiated tumours such as olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma (SNEC) and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC). We analysed Affymetrix OncoScan genome-wide copy number profiles of these three tumour types, both as originally diagnosed and as regrouped by their cytokeratin (Ck) and neuroendocrine (Ne) expression pattern, aiming to find a relation between phenotype and genotype. According to the original histopathological classification our series consisted of 24 ONB, 11 SNEC and 19 SNUC, while immunohistochemistry indicated 11 Ck−Ne+/ONB, 18 Ck+Ne+/SNEC, 24 Ck+Ne−/SNUC, and 1 Ck−Ne−/unclassified. As originally diagnosed, the three tumour types showed similar copy number profiles. However, when regrouped by Ck/Ne immunostaining we found a distinct set of gains and losses; Ck−Ne+/ONB harboured few and predominantly whole chromosomes abnormalities, Ck+Ne+/SNEC carried both gains and losses in high frequency, and Ck+Ne−/SNUC showed mostly gains. In addition, each tumour carried a number of unique chromosomal deletions. Genome-wide copy number profiling supports the value of immunohistochemical CkNe staining of ONB, SNEC and SNUC for tumour classification, which is important for prognosis and therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro López-Hernández
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Blanca Vivanco
- Department Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alessandro Franchi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Virginia N Cabal
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sira Potes
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Cristina Riobello
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Inclán
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Fernando López
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - José L Llorente
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Mario Hermsen
- Department Otolaryngology, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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12
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Bell D. Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Current Challenges and Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment, with a Focus on Olfactory Neuroblastoma. Head Neck Pathol 2018; 12:22-30. [PMID: 29427030 PMCID: PMC5873495 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0887-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sinonasal tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation form a group of rare heterogeneous neoplasms of neuroectodermal and epithelial origin, consisting of olfactory neuroblastomas and neuroendocrine carcinomas. Because the natural history and biological behavior of this group of tumors vary, the morphological diagnosis coupled with grading/staging is important for prognostication, and the approach to treatment and rehabilitation is multidisciplinary. The identification of molecular abnormalities underlying these tumors is critical to the development of specific targeted therapies and the design of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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13
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Czapiewski P, Kunc M, Haybaeck J. Genetic and molecular alterations in olfactory neuroblastoma: implications for pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:52584-52596. [PMID: 27256979 PMCID: PMC5239575 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB, Esthesioneuroblastoma) is an infrequent neoplasm of the head and neck area derived from olfactory neuroepithelium. Despite relatively good prognosis a subset of patients shows recurrence, progression and/or metastatic disease, which requires additional treatment. However, neither prognostic nor predictive factors are well specified. Thus, we performed a literature search for the currently available data on disturbances in molecular pathways, cytogenetic changes and results gained by next generation sequencing (NGS) approaches in ONB in order to gain an overview of genetic alterations which might be useful for treating patients with ONB. We present briefly ONB molecular pathogenesis and propose potential therapeutic targets and prognostic factors. Possible therapeutic targets in ONB include: receptor tyrosine kinases (c-kit, PDGFR-b, TrkB; EGFR); somatostatin receptor; FGF-FGFR1 signaling; Sonic hedgehog pathway; apoptosis-related pathways (Bcl-2, TRAIL) and neoangiogenesis (VEGF; KDR). Furthermore, we compare high- and low-grade ONB, and describe its frequent mimicker: sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma. ONB is often a therapeutic challenge, so our goal should be the implementation of acquired knowledge into clinical practice, especially at pretreated, recurrent and metastatic stages. Moreover, the multicenter molecular studies are needed to increase the amount of available data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Czapiewski
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Kunc
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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Topcagic J, Feldman R, Ghazalpour A, Swensen J, Gatalica Z, Vranic S. Comprehensive molecular profiling of advanced/metastatic olfactory neuroblastomas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191244. [PMID: 29324814 PMCID: PMC5764485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare, locally aggressive, malignant neoplasm originating in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal vault. The recurrence rate of ONB remains high and there are no specific treatment guidelines for recurrent/metastatic ONBs. This study retrospectively evaluated 23 ONB samples profiled at Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, Arizona) using DNA sequencing (Sanger/NGS [Illumina], n = 15) and gene fusions (Archer FusionPlex, n = 6), whole genome RNA microarray (HumanHT-12 v4 beadChip, Illumina, n = 4), gene copy number assays (chromogenic and fluorescent in situ hybridization), and immunohistochemistry. Mutations were detected in 63% ONBs including TP53, CTNNB1, EGFR, APC, cKIT, cMET, PDGFRA, CDH1, FH, and SMAD4 genes. Twenty-one genes were over-expressed and 19 genes under-expressed by microarray assay. Some of the upregulated genes included CD24, SCG2, and IGFBP-2. None of the cases harbored copy number variations of EGFR, HER2 and cMET genes, and no gene fusions were identified. Multiple protein biomarkers of potential response or resistance to classic chemotherapy drugs were identified, such as low ERCC1 [cisplatin sensitivity in 10/12], high TOPO1 [irinotecan sensitivity in 12/19], high TUBB3 [vincristine resistance in 13/14], and high MRP1 [multidrug resistance in 6/6 cases]. None of the cases (0/10) were positive for PD-L1 in tumor cells. Overexpression of pNTRK was observed in 67% (4/6) of the cases without underlying genetic alterations. Molecular alterations detected in our study (e.g., Wnt and cKIT/PDGFRA pathways) are potentially treatable using novel therapeutic approaches. Identified protein biomarkers of response or resistance to classic chemotherapy could be useful in optimizing existing chemotherapy treatment(s) in ONBs.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/genetics
- Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/metabolism
- Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/secondary
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Fusion
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Mutation
- Nasal Cavity
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Nose Neoplasms/genetics
- Nose Neoplasms/metabolism
- Nose Neoplasms/therapy
- Retrospective Studies
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Topcagic
- Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Rebecca Feldman
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | - Jeffrey Swensen
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Zoran Gatalica
- Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Semir Vranic
- Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Center and School of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- * E-mail: ,
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15
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Lazo de la Vega L, McHugh JB, Cani AK, Kunder K, Walocko FM, Liu CJ, Hovelson DH, Robinson D, Chinnaiyan AM, Tomlins SA, Harms PW. Comprehensive Molecular Profiling of Olfactory Neuroblastoma Identifies Potentially Targetable FGFR3 Amplifications. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:1551-1557. [PMID: 28775129 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory neuroblastomas (ONBs), also known as esthesioneuroblastomas, are malignant round-cell tumors that represent up to 5% of sinonasal malignancies. Despite their aggressive course, molecular studies of ONBs have been limited, and targeted therapies are lacking. To identify potential oncogenic drivers and targetable pathways in ONBs, we characterized 20 ONBs, including archived ONBs profiled by targeted, multiplexed PCR (mxPCR)-based DNA next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the coding sequence of over 400 cancer-relevant genes (n = 16), mxPCR-based RNA NGS of 108 target genes (n = 15), and 2 ONBs profiled by comprehensive hybrid-capture-based clinical grade NGS of >1,500 genes. Somatic mutations were infrequent in our cohort, with 7 prioritized nonsynonymous mutations in 5 of 18 (28%) ONBs, and no genes were recurrently mutated. We detected arm/chromosome-level copy-number alterations in all tumors, most frequently gains involving all or part of chromosome 20, chromosome 5, and chromosome 11. Recurrent focal amplifications, often but not exclusively in the context of arm-level gains, included CCND1 [n = 4/18 (22%) tumors] and the targetable receptor tyrosine kinase FGFR3 [n = 5/18 (28%) tumors]. Targeted RNA NGS confirmed high expression of FGFR3 in ONB (at levels equivalent to bladder cancer), with the highest expression observed in FGFR3-amplified ONB cases. Importantly, our findings suggest that FGFR3 may be a therapeutic target in a subset of these aggressive tumors.Implications: ONBs harbor recurrent chromosomal copy-number changes, including FGFR3 amplification associated with overexpression. Hence, FGFR3 may represent a novel therapeutic target in these tumors. Mol Cancer Res; 15(11); 1551-7. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Lazo de la Vega
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jonathan B McHugh
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andi K Cani
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Komal Kunder
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Chia-Jen Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel H Hovelson
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Dan Robinson
- Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Arul M Chinnaiyan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Scott A Tomlins
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Paul W Harms
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan. .,Michigan Center for Translational Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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