1
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Shaji F, Mohanan NK, Shahzad S, V P G, Bangalore Prabhashankar A, Sundaresan NR, Laishram RS. Proto-oncogene cSrc-mediated RBM10 phosphorylation arbitrates anti-hypertrophy gene program in the heart and controls cardiac hypertrophy. Life Sci 2024; 341:122482. [PMID: 38309577 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS RBM10 is a well-known RNA binding protein that regulates alternative splicing in various disease states. We have shown a splicing-independent function of RBM10 that regulates heart failure. This study aims to unravel a new biological function of RBM10 phosphorylation by proto-oncogene cSrc that enables anti-hypertrophy gene program and controls cardiac hypertrophy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We employ in vitro and in vivo approaches to characterise RBM10 phosphorylation at three-tyrosine residues (Y81, Y500, and Y971) by cSrc and target mRNA regulation. We also use isoproterenol induced rat heart and cellular hypertrophy model to determine role of cSrc-mediated RBM10 phosphorylation. KEY FINDINGS We show that RBM10 phosphorylation is induced in cellular and animal heart model of cardiac hypertrophy and regulates target mRNA expression and 3'-end formation. Inhibition of cSrc kinase or mutation of the three-tyrosine phosphorylation sites to phenylalanine accentuates myocyte hypertrophy, and results in advancement and an early attainment of hypertrophy in the heart. RBM10 is down regulated in the hypertrophic myocyte and that its re-expression reverses cellular and molecular changes in the myocyte. However, in the absence of phosphorylation (cSrc inhibition or phospho-deficient mutation), restoration of endogenous RBM10 level in the hypertrophic heart or ectopic re-expression in vitro failed to reverse cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Mechanistically, loss of RBM10 phosphorylation inhibits nuclear localisation and interaction with Star-PAP compromising anti-hypertrophy gene expression. SIGNIFICANCE Our study establishes that cSrc-mediated RBM10 phosphorylation arbitrates anti-hypertrophy gene program. We also report a new functional regulation of RBM10 by phosphorylation that is poised to control heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feba Shaji
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Group, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraja K Mohanan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Group, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, India
| | - Sumayya Shahzad
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Group, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | - Gowri V P
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Group, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India
| | | | | | - Rakesh S Laishram
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Biology Group, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014, India.
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2
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Doytcheva K, Gallan AJ, Wang P, Wanjari P, Segal J, Antic T. Cystic MED15::TFE3 translocation renal cell carcinoma: histologic mimicker of multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential with review of the literature☆, ☆ ☆. Hum Pathol 2023; 136:25-33. [PMID: 36997032 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Presented are four cystic renal masses which harbored a MED15::TFE3 gene fusion detected by RNAseq, mimicking multilocular cystic neoplasm of low malignant potential. Clinicopathologic and outcomes data were collected for all cases. Radiologically, three cases were diagnosed as complex cystic masses and one case as a renal cyst, three years prior to surgery. The tumors ranged in size from 1.8 to 14.5 cm. Grossly, all masses were extensively cystic. Microscopically, cells with a clear or minimally granular cytoplasm and nuclei with inconspicuous nucleoli lined the cysts' septa. Focally, small mass-forming aggregates of malignant cells were present between septae and were associated with psammomatous calcifications. In case one, apparent prior cyst wall rupture was associated with reactive changes and cystic spaces filled with fibrin clots. Two of the tumors were staged as T1a, one as T1b, and the other as T2b. By immunohistochemistry, the tumors were positive for TFE3, MelanA, and P504S, with apical CD10 while CAIX and CK7 were negative. RNA sequencing was performed on all cases revealing a MED15::TFE3 gene fusion. The patients were alive and without evidence of disease 11-49 months (mean 29.5) after partial nephrectomy. To date, 12 of the 15 MED15::TFE3 fusion renal cell carcinomas published in the literature are cystic, with three being extensively cystic. Thus, if a multilocular cystic renal neoplasm is encountered in a kidney specimen, translocation renal cell carcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis as cystic MED15::TFE3 tRCCs carry an uncertain prognosis making recognition for future characterization necessary.
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3
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Nardone C, Palanski BA, Scott DC, Timms RT, Barber KW, Gu X, Mao A, Leng Y, Watson EV, Schulman BA, Cole PA, Elledge SJ. A central role for regulated protein stability in the control of TFE3 and MITF by nutrients. Mol Cell 2023; 83:57-73.e9. [PMID: 36608670 PMCID: PMC9908011 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The TFE3 and MITF master transcription factors maintain metabolic homeostasis by regulating lysosomal, melanocytic, and autophagy genes. Previous studies posited that their cytosolic retention by 14-3-3, mediated by the Rag GTPases-mTORC1, was key for suppressing transcriptional activity in the presence of nutrients. Here, we demonstrate using mammalian cells that regulated protein stability plays a fundamental role in their control. Amino acids promote the recruitment of TFE3 and MITF to the lysosomal surface via the Rag GTPases, activating an evolutionarily conserved phospho-degron and leading to ubiquitination by CUL1β-TrCP and degradation. Elucidation of the minimal functional degron revealed a conserved alpha-helix required for interaction with RagA, illuminating the molecular basis for a severe neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by missense mutations in TFE3 within the RagA-TFE3 interface. Additionally, the phospho-degron is recurrently lost in TFE3 genomic translocations that cause kidney cancer. Therefore, two divergent pathologies converge on the loss of protein stability regulation by nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nardone
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brad A Palanski
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel C Scott
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Richard T Timms
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Karl W Barber
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xin Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aoyue Mao
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yumei Leng
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Emma V Watson
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen J Elledge
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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4
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Park KS, Ozzello DJ, Ting M, Fadare O, Liu CY, Kikkawa DO, Korn BS. Conjunctival Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Neoplasm With RBM10-TFE3 Fusion Presenting as Recurrent Subconjunctival Hemorrhage. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 39:e15-e17. [PMID: 36095845 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Subconjunctival hemorrhages commonly present to eye care professionals and are frequently regarded as benign self-limited conditions. In selected cases, subconjunctival hemorrhages can be a harbinger of more severe disease. Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors, or PEComas, are rare mesenchymal neoplasms believed to originate from perivascular myoid cells and are rarely present in ocular structures. We present a rare case of a conjunctival perivascular epithelioid cell tumor that initially presented with recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhage. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a PEComa with a RBM10-TFE3 gene fusion, only previously seen with renal cell carcinoma. Physicians should be aware of this rare condition, its location in the fornix and its presentation as a recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn S Park
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Daniel J Ozzello
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Michelle Ting
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, UC San Diego Department of Pathology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A. and
| | - Catherine Y Liu
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Don O Kikkawa
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Department of Surgery, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
| | - Bobby S Korn
- Division of Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, UC San Diego Department of Surgery, La Jolla, California, U.S.A
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5
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Taylor AS, Skala SL. Tumors masquerading as type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma: pathologists' ever-expanding differential diagnosis for a heterogeneous group of entities. Urol Oncol 2022; 40:499-511. [PMID: 34116938 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although papillary renal cell carcinoma has historically been classified as either type 1 or type 2, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has demonstrated significant genomic heterogeneity in tumors classified as "type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma" (T2PRCC). Papillary renal cell carcinoma is expected to have a favorable clinical course compared to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). However, tumors with poor outcome more similar to CCRCC were included in the T2PRCC cohort studied by the TCGA. The differential diagnosis for T2PRCC includes a variety of other renal tumors, including aggressive entities such as TFE3 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, TFEB-amplified renal cell carcinoma, fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma, high-grade CCRCC, and collecting duct carcinoma. Accurate classification of these tumors is important for prognostication and selection of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Taylor
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Stephanie L Skala
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.
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6
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Kmeid M, Akgul M. TFE3 Rearrangement and Expression in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2022:10668969221108517. [PMID: 35912477 DOI: 10.1177/10668969221108517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
TFE3 rearranged Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not very common, and demonstrates unique heterogenous morphological features overlapping other recognized entities and distinct immunoprofile. It can be seen in any age group, therefore practicing pathologists should be aware of the distinctive clinical settings and histologic findings associated with these tumors and subsequently employ an adequate panel of ancillary studies in order to confirm the diagnosis. Recognizing these entities remains crucial for future clinical trials and development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Kmeid
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 138207Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mahmut Akgul
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 138207Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
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7
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Tretiakova MS. Chameleon TFE3-translocation RCC and How Gene Partners Can Change Morphology: Accurate Diagnosis Using Contemporary Modalities. Adv Anat Pathol 2022; 29:131-140. [PMID: 35180736 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) with TFE3 gene rearrangements has been born as a distinct entity 20 years ago. These relatively rare tumors were notable among other RCC subtypes because of their disproportionally high incidence among children and young adults. Initial reports were focused on describing unifying morphologic criteria and typical clinical presentation. Follow-up studies of ancillary immunohistochemical and hybridization techniques provided additional diagnostic tools allowing recognition of tRCC tumors in practice. However, a growing body of literature also expanded the clinicomorphologic spectrum of tRCCs, to include a significant morphologic overlap with other RCC variants thus blurring the diagnostic clarity of this entity. More recent molecular studies utilizing next-generation sequencing technology accelerated recognition of numerous novel gene partners fusing at different breakpoints with the TFE3 gene. Accumulating data indicates that morphologic and clinical heterogeneity of tRCC could be explained by fusion subtypes, and knowledge of TFE3 partnering genes may be important in predicting tumor behavior. Herein we provided a comprehensive analysis of ∼400 tRCC cases with known TFE3 fusion partners, estimated their relative incidence and summarized clinicomorphologic features associated with most common fusion subtypes. Our data was based on an extensive literature review and had a special focus on comparing immunohistochemistry, fluorescent in situ hybridization and contemporary molecular studies for the accurate diagnosis of tRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Tretiakova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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8
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Abstract
Herculean efforts by the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the National Cancer Institute, and the National Human Genome Research Institute to sequence thousands of tumors representing all major cancer types have yielded more than 700 genes that contribute to neoplastic growth when mutated, amplified, or deleted. While some of these genes (now included in the COSMIC Cancer Gene Census) encode proteins previously identified in hypothesis-driven experiments (oncogenic transcription factors, protein kinases, etc.), additional classes of cancer drivers have emerged, perhaps none more surprisingly than RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Over 40 RBPs responsible for virtually all aspects of RNA metabolism, from synthesis to degradation, are recurrently mutated in cancer, and just over a dozen are considered major cancer drivers. This Review investigates whether and how their RNA-binding activities pertain to their oncogenic functions. Focusing on several well-characterized steps in RNA metabolism, we demonstrate that for virtually all cancer-driving RBPs, RNA processing activities are either abolished (the loss-of-function phenotype) or carried out with low fidelity (the LoFi phenotype). Conceptually, this suggests that in normal cells, RBPs act as gatekeepers maintaining proper RNA metabolism and the "balanced" proteome. From the practical standpoint, at least some LoFi phenotypes create therapeutic vulnerabilities, which are beginning to be exploited in the clinic.
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9
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Di Mauro I, Dadone-Montaudie B, Sibony M, Ambrosetti D, Molinie V, Decaussin-Petrucci M, Bland V, Arbaud C, Cenciu B, Arbib F, Just PA, Derman J, Rioux-Leclercq N, Pedeutour F. RBM10-TFE3 fusions: A FISH-concealed anomaly in adult renal cell carcinomas displaying a variety of morphological and genomic features: Comprehensive study of six novel cases. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2021; 60:772-784. [PMID: 34358382 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of Xp11-translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in adults is challenging. TFE3 (located on chromosome X) fuses with a partner gene generally located on another chromosome. In rare cases TFE3 may fuse with a neighboring gene: RBM10. Because TFE3 false-positive immunostaining is a common pitfall in many laboratories, demonstration of the chromosomal rearrangement is required in order to ascertain the diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-that has been considered as the gold standard method-reaches its limits for detecting small Xp11 paracentric inversions. We performed a comprehensive clinical, histological and genomic study of six novel cases of RCC with RBM10-TFE3 fusion. Using FISH, TFE3 rearrangement was equivocal in one case and negative in others. RBM10-TFE3 fusion was discovered using targeted RNA sequencing (RNASeq). As all the previously reported cases (mean age: 50), the six patients were adults (mean age: 42), suggesting an epidemiologic difference between RBM10-TFE3 RCC and tumors harboring some other partner genes, such as ASPSCR1 that rather occur in children. Array-comparative genomic hybridization showed several alterations, notably a gain of 17q in four cases with papillary features and loss of 3p in one case with clear cells. Our study demonstrates that, though rare among adult cases of RCC, RBM10-TFE3 fusion is not exceptional and warrants appropriate molecular detection. Notably, it would be worthy to systemically investigate by RNASeq challenging RCC with type-2 papillary features and 17q gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Di Mauro
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France.,Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, Nice, France
| | - Bérengère Dadone-Montaudie
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France.,Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, Nice, France
| | - Mathilde Sibony
- Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Damien Ambrosetti
- Central Laboratory of Pathology, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France
| | - Vincent Molinie
- Pathology Department, Aix en Provence Hospital, Aix en Provence, France
| | | | | | - Claire Arbaud
- Pathology Department, Métropole Savoie Hospital, Chambéry, France
| | - Béatrice Cenciu
- Oncology Department, Andrée Rosemon Hospital, Cayenne, France
| | | | - Pierre-Alexandre Just
- Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Centre, Hôpital Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Derman
- Department of Pathology, Henri-Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | | | - Florence Pedeutour
- Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, University Hospital of Nice-Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France.,Laboratory of Solid Tumor Genetics, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, Nice, France
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- CARARE French Network (CAncers RAres du Rein: Rare Renal Cancers Network of the National Institute of Cancer, INCa), France
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10
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Baniak N, Barletta JA, Hirsch MS. Key Renal Neoplasms With a Female Predominance. Adv Anat Pathol 2021; 28:228-250. [PMID: 34009777 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Renal neoplasms largely favor male patients; however, there is a growing list of tumors that are more frequently diagnosed in females. These tumors include metanephric adenoma, mixed epithelial and stromal tumor, juxtaglomerular cell tumor, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, Xp11.2 (TFE3) translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma, and tuberous sclerosis complex (somatic or germline) associated renal neoplasms. The latter category is a heterogenous group with entities still being delineated. Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma is the best-described entity, whereas, eosinophilic vacuolated tumor is a proposed entity, and the remaining tumors are currently grouped together under the umbrella of tuberous sclerosis complex/mammalian target of rapamycin-related renal neoplasms. The entities described in this review are often diagnostic considerations when evaluating renal mass tissue on biopsy or resection. For example, Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma is in the differential when a tumor has clear cell cytology and papillary architecture and occurs in a young or middle-aged patient. In contrast, tuberous sclerosis complex-related neoplasms often enter the differential for tumors with eosinophilic cytology. This review provides an overview of the clinical, gross, microscopic, immunohistochemical, genetic, and molecular alterations in key renal neoplasms occurring more commonly in females; differential diagnoses are also discussed regardless of sex predilection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Baniak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Justine A Barletta
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michelle S Hirsch
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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11
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Inoue A. RBM10: Structure, functions, and associated diseases. Gene 2021; 783:145463. [PMID: 33515724 PMCID: PMC10445532 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RBM10 is a nuclear RNA-binding protein (RBP) that regulates the alternative splicing of primary transcripts. Recently, research on RBM10 has become increasingly active owing to its clinical importance, as indicated by studies on RBM0 mutations that cause TARP syndrome, an X-linked congenital pleiotropic developmental anomaly, and various cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma in adults. Herein, the molecular biology of RBM10 and its significance in medicine are reviewed, focusing on the gene and protein structures of RBM10, its cell biology, molecular functions and regulation, relationship with the paralogous protein RBM5, and the mutations of RBM10 and their associated diseases. Finally, the challenges in future studies of RBM10 are discussed in the concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Inoue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
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12
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Liu N, Guo W, Shi Q, Zhuang W, Pu X, Chen S, Qu F, Xu L, Zhao X, Li X, Zhang G, Guo H, Gan W, Li D. The suitability of NONO-TFE3 dual-fusion FISH assay as a diagnostic tool for NONO-TFE3 renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16361. [PMID: 33004995 PMCID: PMC7530984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73309-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
NONO-TFE3 RCC is a subtype of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC). So far, only a small amount of NONO-TFE3 RCC have been reported owing to lack of effective diagnosis methods. Utilizing the novel dual-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probe reported here, 5 cases of NONO-TFE3 RCC were identified and were ultimately confirmed by RT-PCR. Histopathology, all 5 cases were consisted by sheets of epithelial cells and papillary architecture. The cytoplasm was abundantly clear, and nucleoli was not prominent. Besides, the nuclear palisading, subnuclear vacuoles and psammoma bodies were identified. The most distinctive features were strong positive TFE3 staining but equivocal split signals of the TFE3 probe, which might lead to the misdiagnosis of Xp11.2 translocation RCC. The median age and median tumor size of the five patients were 41.2 years and 3.6 cm, respectively. A median following follow-up of 27 months showed moderate disease progression and prognosis in NONO-TFE3 RCC patients. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the effectiveness and reliability of the NONO-TFE3 dual-fusion FISH probe for diagnosing NONO-TFE3 RCC. Suspected cases of Xp11.2 translocation RCC showing biphasic pattern, strong positive TFE3 staining, and equivocal split signals in the TFE3 FISH assay indicated a possibility of NONO-TFE3 RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Urology, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiancheng Shi
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohong Pu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoyu Chen
- Guangzhou LBP Medicine Science & Technology Co., LTD, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Qu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linfeng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaogong Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gutian Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weidong Gan
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China. .,Department of Urology, Drum Tower Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dongmei Li
- Immunology and Reproduction Biology Laboratory & State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Medical School, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Sharma AE, Parilla M, Wanjari P, Segal JP, Antic T. A Tale of 2 Morphologies: Diagnostic Pitfalls in TFEB-Associated Renal Cell Carcinomas, Including a Novel NEAT1-TFEB Fusion. Int J Surg Pathol 2020; 29:21-29. [PMID: 32886007 DOI: 10.1177/1066896920956272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Translocation-associated renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have been extensively subcharacterized in recent years, such that each is largely recognized by the 2016 World Health Organization as categorical neoplastic entities in the genitourinary tract. Those belonging to the t(6;11) family of tumors classically have a fusion between TFEB and MALAT1/α, and display a particular histomorphology. Specifically, they show a biphasic population of both small and large epithelioid cells, the smaller component of which surrounds basement membrane-type material. Despite this apt description, the tumors have variable morphology and mimic other RCCs including those with TFE3 translocations. Therefore, a high degree of suspicion is required to make the correct diagnosis. METHODS The 2 cases described in this article were of strikingly different appearance, and initially considered consistent with other non-translocation-associated renal tumors. These included clear cell RCC (CCRCC), perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa), and other eosinophilic RCCs (mainly papillary RCC type 2). RESULTS Using RNA sequencing techniques, they were found to harbor distinct pathogenic rearrangements involving the TFEB gene, namely, fusions with CLTC and NEAT1 (the latter partnering heretofore never reported). CONCLUSIONS These alterations manifested in 2 notably dissimilar lesions, underscoring the importance of including this family of carcinomas in the differential of any renal neoplasm that does not display immunophenotypic characteristics consistent with its morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Parilla
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Tatjana Antic
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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14
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Zhuang W, Liu N, Guo H, Zhang C, Gan W. Gender difference analysis of Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinomas's attack rate: a meta-analysis and systematic review. BMC Urol 2020; 20:130. [PMID: 32843027 PMCID: PMC7449070 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is recently recognized. As Xp11.2 tRCC involved gene translocation and fusion in X chromosome and the number of X chromosomes in female is twice of male, we wondered whether the gender difference of attack rate is consistent with the proportion of the X chromosome. Methods: In the present paper, meta-analysis was performed to find out the difference of morbidity between male and female. Results Nine studies with 209 cases calculated. Odds ratios (ORs) and ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for attack rate of Xp11.2 RCC with different gender. The result showed that the attack rate of female was higher than that of male with pooled OR of 2.84 (95% CI = 1.48–5.45), while the rate rises even further in adult (OR = 3.37, 95% CI =2.19–5.18). In other types of common kidney cancer, the OR value is less than 1, which means that the incidence of female is lower than that of male. Conclusions The result showed that the incidence rate of female patients is much higher than that of male patients with Xp11.2 tRCC, it was reasonable to indicate that this particular incidence rate is related to the X chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Chunni Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Weidong Gan
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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15
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Williamson SR, Gill AJ, Argani P, Chen YB, Egevad L, Kristiansen G, Grignon DJ, Hes O. Report From the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) Consultation Conference on Molecular Pathology of Urogenital Cancers: III: Molecular Pathology of Kidney Cancer. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 44:e47-e65. [PMID: 32251007 PMCID: PMC7289677 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes are increasingly being discerned via their molecular underpinnings. Frequently this can be correlated to histologic and immunohistochemical surrogates, such that only simple targeted molecular assays, or none at all, are needed for diagnostic confirmation. In clear cell RCC, VHL mutation and 3p loss are well known; however, other genes with emerging important roles include SETD2, BAP1, and PBRM1, among others. Papillary RCC type 2 is now known to include likely several different molecular entities, such as fumarate hydratase (FH) deficient RCC. In MIT family translocation RCC, an increasing number of gene fusions are now described. Some TFE3 fusion partners, such as NONO, GRIPAP1, RBMX, and RBM10 may show a deceptive fluorescence in situ hybridization result due to the proximity of the genes on the same chromosome. FH and succinate dehydrogenase deficient RCC have implications for patient counseling due to heritable syndromes and the aggressiveness of FH-deficient RCC. Immunohistochemistry is increasingly available and helpful for recognizing both. Emerging tumor types with strong evidence for distinct diagnostic entities include eosinophilic solid and cystic RCC and TFEB/VEGFA/6p21 amplified RCC. Other emerging entities that are less clearly understood include TCEB1 mutated RCC, RCC with ALK rearrangement, renal neoplasms with mutations of TSC2 or MTOR, and RCC with fibromuscular stroma. In metastatic RCC, the role of molecular studies is not entirely defined at present, although there may be an increasing role for genomic analysis related to specific therapy pathways, such as for tyrosine kinase or MTOR inhibitors.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Mutation
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/diagnosis
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/genetics
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/metabolism
- Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/pathology
- Pathology, Clinical
- Pathology, Molecular
- Prognosis
- Societies, Medical
- Urology
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Williamson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Henry Ford Health System
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Anthony J Gill
- NSW Health Pathology, Department of Anatomical Pathology
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Research Group, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pedram Argani
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ying-Bei Chen
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lars Egevad
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - David J Grignon
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ondrej Hes
- Department of Pathology, Charles University, Medical Faculty and Charles University Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czechia
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16
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Herrscher H, Boilève A, Lindner V, Barthélémy P, Hutt É, Pierard L, Kurtz JE, Rioux-Leclercq N, Lang H, Malouf GG. [MiT family translocation renal cell carcinomas: Natural history, molecular features and multidisciplinary management]. Bull Cancer 2020; 107:272-280. [PMID: 32044098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
MiT family translocation renal cell carcinomas (tRCC) represent a rare subtype of renal cell carcinomas. These tumors have been introduced for the first time in the World Health Classification (WHO) classification of kidney cancers in 2004. tRCC are characterized by reccurent translocations involving members of the MiT family transcription factors, mainly TFE3 and TFEB. The estimated incidence of these tumors is ∼1-5 % among all renal cell carcinomas, with female prodominance. tRCC were initially described in children, and the spectrum has been expanded over time to encompass adolescents and adults. TFE3- and TFEB-rearranged RCC harbor characteristic clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features and fluorescent hybridization in situ is considered the gold standard for their diagnosis, although it has some limitations especially when the partners are located in the vicinity of TFE3. Nephron-sparing surgery is an efficient treatment of localized cases when achievable. In metastatic setting, targeted agents and immunotherapy showed modest efficacy, with response rates and median overall survival inferior to those observed in clear-cell renal cell carcinomas. Management of tRCC necessite a multidisciplinary team and accrual in clinical trials have to be encouraged when possible. Novel biological insights are urgently awaited to better understand the mechanisms associated with kidney oncogenesis in this setting, and ultimately help to identify therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Herrscher
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'oncologie médicale, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alice Boilève
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, département de médecine, 67200 Villejuif, France
| | - Véronique Lindner
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, département de pathologie, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Barthélémy
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'oncologie médicale, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Émilie Hutt
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'oncologie médicale, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Laure Pierard
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'oncologie médicale, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'oncologie médicale, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Rioux-Leclercq
- Université de Rennes, service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, IRSET, 67200 Rennes, France
| | - Hervé Lang
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'urologie, 35033 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gabriel G Malouf
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, service d'oncologie médicale, 67200 Strasbourg, France.
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17
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Dickson BC, T-S Chung C, Hurlbut DJ, Marrano P, Shago M, Sung YS, Swanson D, Zhang L, Antonescu CR. Genetic diversity in alveolar soft part sarcoma: A subset contain variant fusion genes, highlighting broader molecular kinship with other MiT family tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2020; 59:23-29. [PMID: 31433528 PMCID: PMC7057290 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignancy that, since its initial description, remains a neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. The disease-defining molecular event characterizing the diagnosis of ASPS is the ASPSCR1-TFE3 fusion gene. Following identification of an index case of ASPS with a novel TFE3 fusion partner, we performed a retrospective review to determine whether this represents an isolated event. We identified two additional cases, for a total of three cases lacking ASPSCR1 partners. The average patient age was 46 years (range, 17-65); two patients were female. The sites of origin included the transverse colon, foot, and dura. Each case exhibited a histomorphology typical of ASPS, and immunohistochemistry was positive for TFE3 in all cases. Routine molecular testing of the index patient demonstrated a HNRNPH3-TFE3 gene fusion; the remaining cases were found to have DVL2-TFE3 or PRCC-TFE3 fusion products. The latter two fusions have previously been identified in renal cell carcinoma; to our knowledge, this is the first report of a HNRNPH3-TFE3 gene fusion. These findings highlight a heretofore underrecognized genetic diversity in ASPS, which appears to more broadly molecularly overlap with that of translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma and PEComa. These results have immediate implications in the diagnosis of ASPS since assays reliant upon ASPSCR1 may yield a false negative result. While these findings further understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of ASPS, issues related to the histogenesis of this unusual neoplasm remain unresolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C. Dickson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Corresponding Authors: Brendan C. Dickson, Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5, , Cristina R. Antonescu, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY, USA 10021,
| | - Catherine T-S Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David J. Hurlbut
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Paula Marrano
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Shago
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yun-Shao Sung
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Swanson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Tretiakova MS, Wang W, Wu Y, Tykodi SS, True L, Liu YJ. Gene fusion analysis in renal cell carcinoma by FusionPlex RNA-sequencing and correlations of molecular findings with clinicopathological features. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2020; 59:40-49. [PMID: 31400230 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) affects younger patients and often presents as advanced disease. Accurate diagnosis is required to guide clinical management. Here we evaluate the RNA-sequencing FusionPlex platform with a 115-gene panel including TFE3 and TFEB for tRCC diagnosis and correlate molecular findings with clinicopathological features. We reviewed 996 consecutive RCC cases from our institution over the preceding 7 years and retrieved 17 cases with histological and immunohistochemical features highly suggestive of either TFE3 (n = 16) or TFEB (n = 1). Moderate to strong labeling for TFE3 was present in 15 cases; two cases with weak TFE3 expression were melan-A or cathepsin-K positive. RNA-sequencing detected gene rearrangements in eight cases: PRCC-TFE3 (3), ASPSCR1-TFE3 (2), LUC7L3-TFE3 (1), SFPQ-TFE3 (1), and a novel SETD1B-TFE3 (1). FISH assays of 11 tumors verified six positive cases concordant with FusionPlex analysis results. Two other cases were confirmed by RT-PCR. FusionPlex was superior to FISH by providing precise breakpoints for tRCC-related genes in a single assay and allowing identification of both known and novel fusion partners, thereby facilitating clinicopathological correlations as fusion partners can influence tumor appearance, immunophenotype, and behavior. Cases with partner genes PRCC and novel partner SETD1B were associated with prominent papillary architecture while cases with partner genes ASPSCR1 and LUC7L3 were associated with a predominantly nested/alveolar pattern. The case with SFPQ-TFE3 fusion was characterized by biphasic morphology mimicking TFEB-like translocation RCC. We recommend FusionPlex analysis of RCC in patients under age 50 or when the histologic appearance suggests tRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Tretiakova
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Scott S Tykodi
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lawrence True
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Yajuan J Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Laboratory of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
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19
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Diagnosis of uncommon renal epithelial neoplasms: performances of fluorescence in situ hybridization. Hum Pathol 2019; 92:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Kato I, Furuya M, Baba M, Kameda Y, Yasuda M, Nishimoto K, Oyama M, Yamasaki T, Ogawa O, Niino H, Nakaigawa N, Yano Y, Sakamoto K, Urata Y, Mikami K, Yamasaki S, Tanaka R, Takagi T, Kondo T, Nagashima Y. RBM10-TFE3 renal cell carcinoma characterised by paracentric inversion with consistent closely split signals in break-apart fluorescence in-situ hybridisation: study of 10 cases and a literature review. Histopathology 2019; 75:254-265. [PMID: 30908700 DOI: 10.1111/his.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Xp11 rearrangement in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) typically involves gene fusion to the gene encoding transcription factor E3 (TFE3), a member of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family on chromosome Xp11.2. Dual-colour break-apart fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) is recommended to confirm histological diagnoses. Recently, RNA-binding motif protein 10 (RBM10), encoded by a gene on chromosome Xp11.3, was identified as a chimeric partner of TFE3; thus, RBM10-TFE3 fusion results from paracentric inversion. RBM10-TFE3 RCC may yield a false-negative result in FISH analysis of TFE3 expression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathological features of RBM10-TFE3 RCC. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten patients with RBM10-TFE3 RCC aged 31-71 years were investigated. Histological analysis, immunostaining, dual-colour break-apart FISH for TFE3, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis were performed. No patient had a history of exposure to chemotherapy. Two of these patients died of RCC, and three were alive but developed metastases. Microscopically, the tumours were composed of a mixed architecture of tubulocystic and papillary patterns with scattered psammoma bodies. The tumours showed strong nuclear immunoreactivity for TFE3. FISH showed consistent closely spaced split signals in the RCCs of four patients, and polysomic signals with occasional closely spaced split signals in the RCCs of six patients. Of the latter six patients, five had renal failure, and four developed tumours in kidneys subjected to haemodialysis. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the carcinogenesis of RBM10-TFE3 RCC in some, but not all, patients may be associated with chronic kidney disease. The aggressive nature of RBM10-TFE3 RCC should be considered, as five patients experienced metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuma Kato
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Furuya
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masaya Baba
- International Research Centre for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kameda
- Department of Pathology, Ashigarakami Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Centre, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koshiro Nishimoto
- Department of Urological Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Centre, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masafumi Oyama
- Department of Urological Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Centre, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshinari Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Niino
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Yokohama Medical Centre, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noboru Nakaigawa
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuta Yano
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Centre Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Sakamoto
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Centre Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Urata
- Department of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Mikami
- Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Reiko Tanaka
- Medical Mycology Research Centre, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Takagi
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunenori Kondo
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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RNA sequencing of Xp11 translocation-associated cancers reveals novel gene fusions and distinctive clinicopathologic correlations. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:1346-1360. [PMID: 29713041 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Both Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinomas and the corresponding mesenchymal neoplasms are characterized by a variety of gene fusions involving TFE3. It has been known that tumors with different gene fusions may have different clinicopathologic features; however, further in-depth investigations of subtyping Xp11 translocation-associated cancers are needed in order to explore more meaningful clinicopathologic correlations. A total of 22 unusual cases of Xp11 translocation-associated cancers were selected for the current study; 20 cases were further analyzed by RNA sequencing to explore their TFE3 gene fusion partners. RNA sequencing identified 17 of 20 cases (85%) with TFE3-associated gene fusions, including 4 ASPSCR1/ASPL-TFE3, 3 PRCC-TFE3, 3 SFPQ/PSF-TFE3, 1 NONO-TFE3, 4 MED15-TFE3, 1 MATR3-TFE3, and 1 FUBP1-TFE3. The results have been verified by fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The remaining 2 cases with specific pathologic features highly suggestive of MED15-TFE3 renal cell carcinoma were identified by fusion FISH assay. We provide the detailed morphologic and immunophenotypic description of the MED15-TFE3 renal cell carcinomas, which frequently demonstrate extensively cystic architecture, similar to multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential, and expressed cathepsin K and melanotic biomarker Melan A. This is the first time to correlate the MED15-TFE3 renal cell carcinoma with specific clinicopathologic features. We also report the first case of the corresponding mesenchymal neoplasm with MED15-TFE3 gene fusion. Additional novel TFE3 gene fusion partners, MATR3 and FUBP1, were identified. Cases with ASPSCR1-TFE3, SFPQ-TFE3, PRCC-TFE3, and NONO-TFE3 gene fusion showed a wide variability in morphologic features, including invasive tubulopapillary pattern simulating collecting duct carcinoma, extensive calcification and ossification, and overlapping and high columnar cells with nuclear grooves mimicking tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, we respectively evaluated the ability of TFE3 immunohistochemistry, TFE3 FISH, RT-PCR, and RNA sequencing to subclassify Xp11 translocation-associated cancers. In summary, our study expands the list of TFE3 gene fusion partners and the clinicopathologic features of Xp11 translocation-associated cancers, and highlights the importance of subtyping Xp11 translocation-associated cancers combining morphology, immunohistochemistry, and multiple molecular techniques.
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22
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Melanotic Translocation Renal Cell Carcinoma With a Novel ARID1B-TFE3 Gene Fusion. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:1576-1580. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Classe M, Grégoire V, Malouf GG, Leroy X. Reply to ‘Incidence, clinicopathological features and fusion transcript landscape of translocation renal cell carcinomas’. Histopathology 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Classe
- Département de Pathologie; Hôpital Lariboisière; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris France
| | - Valérie Grégoire
- Département de Pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Lille France
| | - Gabriel G Malouf
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie; Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie GRC5, Université Paris 6; Paris France
| | - Xavier Leroy
- Département de Pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Lille France
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24
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EWSR1 rearrangement is present in a subset of myoepithelial tumors of salivary glands with variable morphology and does not correlate with clinical behavior. Ann Diagn Pathol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Xp11 Translocation Renal Cell Carcinomas (RCCs) With RBM10-TFE3 Gene Fusion Demonstrating Melanotic Features and Overlapping Morphology With t(6;11) RCC. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:663-676. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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RBM10-TFE3 Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall Due to Cryptic Intrachromosomal Xp11.2 Inversion Resulting in False-negative TFE3 FISH. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:655-662. [PMID: 28296677 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are defined by chromosome translocations involving the Xp11 breakpoint which results in one of a variety of TFE3 gene fusions. TFE3 break-apart florescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays are generally preferred to TFE3 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a means of confirming the diagnosis in archival material, as FISH is less sensitive to the variable fixation which can result in false positive or false negative IHC. Prompted by a case report in the cytogenetics literature, we identify 3 cases of Xp11 translocation RCC characterized by a subtle chromosomal inversion involving the short arm of the X chromosome, resulting in an RBM10-TFE3 gene fusion. TFE3 rearrangement was not detected by conventional TFE3 break-apart FISH, but was suggested by strong diffuse TFE3 immunoreactivity in a clean background. We then developed novel fosmid probes to detect the RBM10-TFE3 gene fusion in archival material. These cases validate RBM10-TFE3 as a recurrent gene fusion in Xp11 translocation RCC, illustrate a source of false-negative TFE3 break-apart FISH, and highlight the complementary role of TFE3 IHC and TFE3 FISH.
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Classe M, Malouf GG, Su X, Yao H, Thompson EJ, Doss DJ, Grégoire V, Lenobin J, Fantoni JC, Sudour-Bonnange H, Khayat D, Aubert S, Tannir NM, Leroy X. Incidence, clinicopathological features and fusion transcript landscape of translocation renal cell carcinomas. Histopathology 2017; 70:1089-1097. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Classe
- Département de Pathologie; Hôpital Lariboisière; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Paris France
| | - Gabriel G Malouf
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie; Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie GRC5; Paris France
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Erika J Thompson
- Department of Genetics; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas USA
| | - Denaha J Doss
- Department of Genetics; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston Texas USA
| | - Valérie Grégoire
- Département de Pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Lille France
| | - Julien Lenobin
- Département d'Urologie; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Lille France
| | | | | | - David Khayat
- Département d'Oncologie Médicale; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris; Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie; Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie GRC5; Paris France
| | - Sébastien Aubert
- Département de Pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Lille France
| | - Nizar M Tannir
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston TX USA
| | - Xavier Leroy
- Département de Pathologie; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire; Lille France
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Xia QY, Wang Z, Chen N, Gan HL, Teng XD, Shi SS, Wang X, Wei X, Ye SB, Li R, Ma HH, Lu ZF, Zhou XJ, Rao Q. Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma with NONO-TFE3 gene fusion: morphology, prognosis, and potential pitfall in detecting TFE3 gene rearrangement. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:416-426. [PMID: 27934879 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinomas are characterized by several different translocations involving the TFE3 gene. Tumors with different specific gene fusions may have different clinicopathological manifestations. Fewer than 10 renal cell carcinoma cases with NONO-TFE3 have been described. Here we examined eight additional cases of this rare tumor using clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses. The male-to-female ratio of our study cohort was 1:1, and the median age was 30 years. The most distinctive feature of the tumors was that they exhibited glandular/tubular or papillary architecture that was lined with small-to-medium cuboidal to high columnar cells with indistinct cell borders and an abundantly clear or flocculent eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei were oriented toward the luminal surface and were round and uniform in shape, which resulted in the appearance of secretory endometrioid subnuclear vacuolization. The distinct glandular/tubular or papillary architecture was often accompanied by sheets of epithelial cells that presented a biphasic pattern. Immunohistochemically, all eight cases demonstrated moderate (2+) or strong (3+) positive staining for TFE3, CD10, RCC marker, and PAX-8. None of the tumors were immunoreactive for CK7, Cathepsin K, Melan-A, HMB45, Ksp-cadherin, Vimentin, CA9, 34βE12 or CD117. NONO-TFE3 fusion transcripts were identified in six cases by RT-PCR. All eight cases showed equivocal split signals with a distance of nearly 2 signal diameters and sometimes had false-negative results. Furthermore, we developed a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay to serve as an adjunct diagnostic tool for the detection of the NONO-TFE3 fusion gene and used this method to detect the fusion gene in all eight cases. Long-term follow-up (range, 10-102 months) was available for 7 patients. All 7 patients were alive with no evidence of recurrent disease or disease progression after their initial resection. This report adds to the known data regarding NONO-TFE3 renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Yuan Xia
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Lei Gan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Teng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan-Shan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Wei
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Bing Ye
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng-Hui Ma
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen-Feng Lu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu Rao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
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The Utilization of Formalin Fixed-Paraffin-Embedded Specimens in High Throughput Genomic Studies. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:1926304. [PMID: 28246590 PMCID: PMC5299160 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1926304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
High throughput genomic assays empower us to study the entire human genome in short time with reasonable cost. Formalin fixed-paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue processing remains the most economical approach for longitudinal tissue specimen storage. Therefore, the ability to apply high throughput genomic applications to FFPE specimens can expand clinical assays and discovery. Many studies have measured the accuracy and repeatability of data generated from FFPE specimens using high throughput genomic assays. Together, these studies demonstrate feasibility and provide crucial guidance for future studies using FFPE specimens. Here, we summarize the findings of these studies and discuss the limitations of high throughput data generated from FFPE specimens across several platforms that include microarray, high throughput sequencing, and NanoString.
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