1
|
Kelly CE, Shaul M, Thompson DK, Mainzer RM, Yang JY, Dhollander T, Cheong JL, Inder TE, Doyle LW, Anderson PJ. Long-lasting effects of very preterm birth on brain structure in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 147:105082. [PMID: 36775083 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Early life experiences, such as very preterm (VP) birth, can affect brain and cognitive development. Several prior studies investigated brain structure in adults born VP; synthesising these studies may help to provide a clearer understanding of long-term effects of VP birth on the brain. We systematically searched Medline and Embase for articles that investigated brain structure using MRI in adulthood in individuals born VP (<32 weeks' gestation) or with very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g), and controls born at term or with normal birth weight. In total, 77 studies met the review inclusion criteria, of which 28 studies were eligible for meta-analyses, including data from up to 797 VP/VLBW participants and 518 controls, aged 18-33 years. VP/VLBW adults exhibited volumetric, morphologic and microstructural alterations in subcortical and temporal cortical regions compared with controls, with pooled standardised mean differences up to - 1.0 (95% confidence interval: -1.2, -0.8). This study suggests there is a persisting neurological impact of VP birth, which may provide developmental neurobiological insights for adult cognition in high-risk populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Kelly
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Michelle Shaul
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deanne K Thompson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rheanna M Mainzer
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Population Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joseph Ym Yang
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Neuroscience Advanced Clinical Imaging Service (NACIS), Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Neuroscience Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jeanie Ly Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terrie E Inder
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Orange County, University of California Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vanes LD, Murray RM, Nosarti C. Adult outcome of preterm birth: Implications for neurodevelopmental theories of psychosis. Schizophr Res 2022; 247:41-54. [PMID: 34006427 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is associated with an elevated risk of developmental and adult psychiatric disorders, including psychosis. In this review, we evaluate the implications of neurodevelopmental, cognitive, motor, and social sequelae of preterm birth for developing psychosis, with an emphasis on outcomes observed in adulthood. Abnormal brain development precipitated by early exposure to the extra-uterine environment, and exacerbated by neuroinflammation, neonatal brain injury, and genetic vulnerability, can result in alterations of brain structure and function persisting into adulthood. These alterations, including abnormal regional brain volumes and white matter macro- and micro-structure, can critically impair functional (e.g. frontoparietal and thalamocortical) network connectivity in a manner characteristic of psychotic illness. The resulting executive, social, and motor dysfunctions may constitute the basis for behavioural vulnerability ultimately giving rise to psychotic symptomatology. There are many pathways to psychosis, but elucidating more precisely the mechanisms whereby preterm birth increases risk may shed light on that route consequent upon early neurodevelopmental insult.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy D Vanes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, UK; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, King's College London, UK; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leng X, Huang Y, Zhao S, Jiang X, Shi P, Chen H. Altered neural correlates of episodic memory for food and non-food cues in females with overweight/obesity. Appetite 2022; 175:106074. [PMID: 35525333 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory formation is fundamental to cognition and plays a key role in eating behaviors, indirectly promoting the maintenance and acceleration of weight gain. Impaired episodic memory function is a hallmark of people with overweight/obesity, nevertheless, little research has been conducted to explore the effects of overweight/obesity on neural networks associated with episodic memory. The current study aimed to unravel the behavioral responses and neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the episodic memory for food and non-food cues in females with overweight/obesity. To explore this issue, a group of females with overweight/obesity (n = 26) and a group of age-matched females with healthy weight (n = 28) participated in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) event-related episodic memory paradigm, during which pictures of palatable food and pictures of neutral daily necessities were presented. Whole-brain analyses revealed differential engagement in several neural regions between the groups during an episodic memory task. Specifically, compared to the healthy weight controls, females with overweight/obesity exhibited reduced brain activity in the temporal, parietal, and frontal regions during episodic memory encoding and successful retrieval of both food and non-food cues. Additionally, activation patterns in the left hippocampus and right olfactory cortex of females with and without overweight/obesity suggested that item memory changed according to the type of stimuli presented during item memory. Specifically, females with overweight/obesity showed greater engagement of the left hippocampus and right olfactory cortex when processing food cues, but less activation of the left hippocampus and right olfactory cortex when presented with non-food cues. Consistent with the obesity and suboptimal food-related decision theoretical model, these findings provide evidence of dissociation of the neural underpinnings of episodic memory in females with overweight/obesity and underline important effects of overweight/obesity on brain functions related to episodic memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Leng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yufei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xintong Jiang
- School of Psychology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Pan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kelly CE, Thompson DK, Cooper M, Pham J, Nguyen TD, Yang JY, Ball G, Adamson C, Murray AL, Chen J, Inder TE, Cheong JL, Doyle LW, Anderson PJ. White matter tracts related to memory and emotion in very preterm children. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:1452-1460. [PMID: 32920605 PMCID: PMC7954988 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01134-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very preterm (VP) children are at risk of memory and emotional impairments; however, the neural correlates remain incompletely defined. This study investigated the effect of VP birth on white matter tracts traditionally related to episodic memory and emotion. METHODS The cingulum, fornix, uncinate fasciculus, medial forebrain bundle and anterior thalamic radiation were reconstructed using tractography in 144 VP children and 33 full-term controls at age 7 years. RESULTS Compared with controls, VP children had higher axial, radial, and mean diffusivities and neurite orientation dispersion, and lower volume and neurite density in the fornix, along with higher neurite orientation dispersion in the medial forebrain bundle. Support vector classification models based on tract measures significantly classified VP children and controls. Higher fractional anisotropy and lower diffusivities in the cingulum, uncinate fasciculus, medial forebrain bundle and anterior thalamic radiation were associated with better episodic memory, independent of key perinatal risk factors. Support vector regression models using tract measures did not predict episodic memory and emotional outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Altered tract structure is related to adverse episodic memory outcomes in VP children, but further research is required to determine the ability of tract structure to predict outcomes of individual children. IMPACT We studied white matter fibre tracts thought to be involved in episodic memory and emotion in VP and full-term children using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and machine learning. VP children have altered fornix and medial forebrain bundle structure compared with full-term children. Altered tract structure can be detected using machine learning, which accurately classified VP and full-term children using tract data. Altered cingulum, uncinate fasciculus, medial forebrain bundle and anterior thalamic radiation structure was associated with poorer episodic memory skills using linear regression. The ability of tract structure to predict episodic memory and emotional outcomes of individual children based on support vector regression was limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Kelly
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Corresponding author: Claire Kelly, Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3052.
| | - Deanne K. Thompson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Malcolm Cooper
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jenny Pham
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joseph Y.M. Yang
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia,Neuroscience Advanced Clinical Imaging Suite (NACIS), Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia,Neuroscience Research, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gareth Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chris Adamson
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrea L. Murray
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jian Chen
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terrie E. Inder
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Jeanie L.Y. Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Newborn Research, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lex W. Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia,Newborn Research, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter J. Anderson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xiao Y, Lin Y, Ma J, Qian J, Ke Z, Li L, Yi Y, Zhang J, Dai Z. Predicting visual working memory with multimodal magnetic resonance imaging. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:1446-1462. [PMID: 33277955 PMCID: PMC7927291 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The indispensability of visual working memory (VWM) in human daily life suggests its importance in higher cognitive functions and neurological diseases. However, despite the extensive research efforts, most findings on the neural basis of VWM are limited to a unimodal context (either structure or function) and have low generalization. To address the above issues, this study proposed the usage of multimodal neuroimaging in combination with machine learning to reveal the neural mechanism of VWM across a large cohort (N = 547). Specifically, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging features extracted from voxel-wise amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, gray matter volume, and fractional anisotropy were used to build an individual VWM capacity prediction model through a machine learning pipeline, including the steps of feature selection, relevance vector regression, cross-validation, and model fusion. The resulting model exhibited promising predictive performance on VWM (r = .402, p < .001), and identified features within the subcortical-cerebellum network, default mode network, motor network, corpus callosum, anterior corona radiata, and external capsule as significant predictors. The main results were then compared with those obtained on emotional regulation and fluid intelligence using the same pipeline, confirming the specificity of our findings. Moreover, the main results maintained well under different cross-validation regimes and preprocess strategies. These findings, while providing richer evidence for the importance of multimodality in understanding cognitive functions, offer a solid and general foundation for comprehensively understanding the VWM process from the top down.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Lin
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Junji Ma
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiehui Qian
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zijun Ke
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liangfang Li
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yangyang Yi
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Cam‐CAN
- Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam‐CAN)University of Cambridge and MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences UnitCambridgeUK
| | - Zhengjia Dai
- Department of PsychologySun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Advances in functional and diffusion neuroimaging research into the long-term consequences of very preterm birth. J Perinatol 2021; 41:689-706. [PMID: 33099576 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-00865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Very preterm birth (<32 weeks of gestation) has been associated with lifelong difficulties in a variety of neurocognitive functions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with advanced analytical approaches have been employed in order to increase our understanding of the neurodevelopmental problems that many very preterm born individuals face as they grow up. In this review, we will focus on two novel imaging techniques that have explored relationships between specific brain mechanisms and behavioural outcomes. These are functional MRI, which maps regional, time-varying changes in brain metabolism and diffusion-weighted MRI, which measures the displacement of water molecules in tissue and provides quantitative information about tissue microstructure. Identifying the neurobiological underpinning of the long-term sequelae associated with very preterm birth could inform the development and implementation of preventative interventions (before any cognitive problem emerges) and could facilitate the identification of behavioural targets for improving the life course outcomes of very preterm individuals.
Collapse
|
7
|
Visual Perceptual Skills in Very Preterm Children: Developmental Course and Associations With Neural Activation. Pediatr Neurol 2020; 109:72-78. [PMID: 32466865 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to examine how nonverbal skills at age five years relate to visual perception and brain activation during visual perception tasks at age 12 years in very preterm subjects without visual or other neurodevelopmental impairments or major brain pathologies. METHODS At age five years, 36 prematurely born (birth weight ≤1500 g or gestational age less than 32 weeks) and 31 term-born control children were assessed with the nonverbal subtests of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised and the NEPSY-Second Edition. At age 12 years the same children were re-assessed with tasks from the Motor-Free Visual Perception Test, Third Edition, during functional magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Test performance at age five years was significantly poorer in the very preterm group than the control subjects, but at age 12 years performance was similar in both groups. In the very preterm group, better nonverbal skills at age five years were significantly associated with stronger neural activation during the visual perception task at age 12 years. No associations between nonverbal skills at age five years and brain activation at age 12 years appeared in the control group. CONCLUSIONS The associations between better nonverbal skills and stronger neural activation during visual perception task only observed in the very preterm group may reflect delayed development of the visual perception network and/or prematurity-related neural plasticity. The developmental follow-up of very preterm children should include psychological assessment of nonverbal skills at least until age five years.
Collapse
|
8
|
Nassar R, Kaczkurkin AN, Xia CH, Sotiras A, Pehlivanova M, Moore TM, Garcia de La Garza A, Roalf DR, Rosen AFG, Lorch SA, Ruparel K, Shinohara RT, Davatzikos C, Gur RC, Gur RE, Satterthwaite TD. Gestational Age is Dimensionally Associated with Structural Brain Network Abnormalities Across Development. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:2102-2114. [PMID: 29688290 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prematurity is associated with diverse developmental abnormalities, yet few studies relate cognitive and neurostructural deficits to a dimensional measure of prematurity. Leveraging a large sample of children, adolescents, and young adults (age 8-22 years) studied as part of the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort, we examined how variation in gestational age impacted cognition and brain structure later in development. Participants included 72 preterm youth born before 37 weeks' gestation and 206 youth who were born at term (37 weeks or later). Using a previously-validated factor analysis, cognitive performance was assessed in three domains: (1) executive function and complex reasoning, (2) social cognition, and (3) episodic memory. All participants completed T1-weighted neuroimaging at 3 T to measure brain volume. Structural covariance networks were delineated using non-negative matrix factorization, an advanced multivariate analysis technique. Lower gestational age was associated with both deficits in executive function and reduced volume within 11 of 26 structural covariance networks, which included orbitofrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices as well as subcortical regions including the hippocampus. Notably, the relationship between lower gestational age and executive dysfunction was accounted for in part by structural network deficits. Together, these findings emphasize the durable impact of prematurity on cognition and brain structure, which persists across development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rula Nassar
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonia N Kaczkurkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cedric Huchuan Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aristeidis Sotiras
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Angel Garcia de La Garza
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David R Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adon F G Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott A Lorch
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hadaya L, Nosarti C. The neurobiological correlates of cognitive outcomes in adolescence and adulthood following very preterm birth. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 25:101117. [PMID: 32451305 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2020.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Very preterm birth (<33 weeks of gestation) has been associated with alterations in structural and functional brain development in regions that are believed to underlie a variety of cognitive processes. While such alterations have been often studied in the context of cognitive vulnerability, early disruption to programmed developmental processes may also lead to neuroplastic and functional adaptations, which support cognitive performance. In this review, we will focus on executive function and intelligence as the main cognitive outcomes following very preterm birth in adolescence and adulthood in relation to their structural and functional neurobiological correlates. The neuroimaging modalities we review provide quantitative assessments of brain morphology, white matter macro and micro-structure, structural and functional connectivity and haemodynamic responses associated with specific cognitive operations. Identifying the neurobiological underpinning of the long-term sequelae associated with very preterm birth may guide the development and implementation of targeted neurobehaviourally-informed interventions for those at high risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laila Hadaya
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fontes K, Rohlicek CV, Saint-Martin C, Gilbert G, Easson K, Majnemer A, Marelli A, Chakravarty MM, Brossard-Racine M. Hippocampal alterations and functional correlates in adolescents and young adults with congenital heart disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:3548-3560. [PMID: 31070841 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a high prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairments in individuals living with congenital heart disease (CHD) and the neural correlates of these impairments are not yet fully understood. Recent studies have shown that hippocampal volume and shape differences may provide unique biomarkers for neurodevelopmental disorders. The hippocampus is vulnerable to early life injury, especially in populations at risk for hypoxemia or hemodynamic instability such as in neonates with CHD. We compared hippocampal gray and white matter volume and morphometry between youth born with CHD (n = 50) aged 16-24 years and healthy peers (n = 48). We also explored whether hippocampal gray and white matter volume and morphometry are associated with executive function and self-regulation deficits. To do so, participants underwent 3T brain magnetic resonance imaging and completed the self-reported Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult version. We found that youth with CHD had smaller hippocampal volumes (all statistics corrected for false discovery rate; q < 0.05) as compared to controls. We also observed significant smaller surface area bilaterally and inward displacement on the left hippocampus predominantly on the ventral side (q < 0.10) in the CHD group that were not present in the controls. Left CA1 and CA2/3 were negatively associated with working memory (p < .05). Here, we report, for the first-time, hippocampal morphometric alterations in youth born with CHD when compared to healthy peers, as well as, structure-function relationships between hippocampal volumes and executive function. These differences may reflect long lasting alterations in brain development specific to individual with CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Fontes
- Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles V Rohlicek
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Saint-Martin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Kaitlyn Easson
- Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Annette Majnemer
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ariane Marelli
- McGill Adult Unit for Congenital Heart Disease Excellence, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre - Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Brossard-Racine
- Advances in Brain and Child Health Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Verbal Fluency Is Affected by Altered Brain Lateralization in Adults Who Were Born Very Preterm. eNeuro 2019; 6:eN-NWR-0274-18. [PMID: 31001576 PMCID: PMC6469882 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0274-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Language difficulties have been reported in children and adolescents who were born very preterm (<32 weeks’ gestation) and associated with an atypical lateralization of language processing, i.e., increased right-hemispheric engagement. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and spherical deconvolution tractography to study the hemodynamic responses associated with verbal fluency processing (easy and hard letter trials) and verbal fluency-related white matter fiber tracts in 64 very preterm born adults and 36 adult controls (mean age: 30 years). Tractography of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) and frontal aslant tract (FAT) was performed. Tracts were quantified in terms of mean volume, hindrance modulated orientational anisotropy, and lateralization, assessed using a laterality index (LI) to indicate hemispheric dominance. During verbal fluency fMRI, very preterm participants displayed decreased hemodynamic response suppression in both the Easy > Rest and Hard > Rest conditions, compared to controls, in superior temporal gyrus (STG), insula, thalamus, and sensorimotor cortex, particularly in the right hemisphere. At the whole-group level, decreased hemodynamic response suppression in the right sensorimotor cortex was associated with worse on-line performance on the hard letter trials. Increased left-laterality in the AF was present alongside increased right hemispheric hemodynamic response suppression in controls. When only right-handed participants were considered, decreased hemodynamic response suppression in the right STG during hard letter trials was related to weaker left and right FAT white matter integrity in the preterm group only. These results show that verbal fluency is affected by altered functional lateralization in adults who were born very preterm.
Collapse
|
12
|
Froudist-Walsh S, Browning PG, Young JJ, Murphy KL, Mars RB, Fleysher L, Croxson PL. Macro-connectomics and microstructure predict dynamic plasticity patterns in the non-human primate brain. eLife 2018; 7:34354. [PMID: 30462609 PMCID: PMC6249000 DOI: 10.7554/elife.34354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain displays a remarkable ability to adapt following injury by altering its connections through neural plasticity. Many of the biological mechanisms that underlie plasticity are known, but there is little knowledge as to when, or where in the brain plasticity will occur following injury. This knowledge could guide plasticity-promoting interventions and create a more accurate roadmap of the recovery process following injury. We causally investigated the time-course of plasticity after hippocampal lesions using multi-modal MRI in monkeys. We show that post-injury plasticity is highly dynamic, but also largely predictable on the basis of the functional connectivity of the lesioned region, gradients of cell densities across the cortex and the pre-lesion network structure of the brain. The ability to predict which brain areas will plastically adapt their functional connectivity following injury may allow us to decipher why some brain lesions lead to permanent loss of cognitive function, while others do not. The brain has the ability to adapt after injury, a process known as plasticity. When one area sustains damage, for example following a car accident or stroke, other areas change their activity and structure to compensate. Understanding how this happens is critical to helping people recover from brain injuries. Certain factors may affect how well the brain can repair itself. These include how much the damaged area interacts with other areas, and which cell types different areas of the brain contain. Froudist-Walsh et al. set out to determine how these factors influence recovery from brain injury in monkeys, whose brains are similar to our own. The monkeys had damage to a structure called the hippocampus. This part of the brain has a key role in memory, which is often impaired in patients with brain injuries. The hippocampus cannot repair itself because the brain has only a limited capacity to grow new neurons. Instead, the brain attempts to compensate for disruption to the hippocampus via changes in other, undamaged areas. Using brain imaging, Froudist-Walsh et al. show that the types of changes that occur depend on how much time has passed since the injury. In the first three months, many areas of the brain change how much they coordinate their activity with other areas. Highly connected areas reduce their communication with other areas the most. In the long-term, the responses of brain areas depend more on which cell types they contain. Areas with more support cells known as “glia” – which supply nutrients and energy to neurons – are better able to adapt their connectivity up to a year after the injury. These findings may ultimately benefit people who have suffered brain injuries after accidents or stroke. They suggest that stimulating intact brain areas may be helpful in the months immediately after an injury. By contrast, long-term therapy may need to focus more on structural repair. Future studies must build on these results to discover the best ways to induce successful recovery from brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Froudist-Walsh
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Philip Gf Browning
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Laboratory of Neuropsychology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - James J Young
- Department of Neurology, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Kathy L Murphy
- Comparative Biology Centre, Medical School, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Rogier B Mars
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lazar Fleysher
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Paula L Croxson
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Herzmann C, Zubiaurre-Elorza L, Wild CJ, Linke AC, Han VK, Lee DSC, Cusack R. Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Detect Preserved Function in a Preterm Infant with Brain Injury. J Pediatr 2017; 189:213-217.e1. [PMID: 28735979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We studied developmental plasticity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in a preterm infant with brain injury on structural MRI. fMRI showed preserved brain function and subsequent neurodevelopment was within the normal range. Multimodal neuroimaging including fMRI can improve understanding of neural plasticity after preterm birth and brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Conor J Wild
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annika C Linke
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor K Han
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S C Lee
- Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada; Pediatrics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rhodri Cusack
- Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
White matter alterations to cingulum and fornix following very preterm birth and their relationship with cognitive functions. Neuroimage 2017; 150:373-382. [PMID: 28216430 PMCID: PMC5405171 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Very preterm birth (VPT; <32 weeks of gestation) has been associated with impairments in memory abilities and functional neuroanatomical brain alterations in medial temporal and fronto-parietal areas. Here we investigated the relationship between structural connectivity in memory-related tracts and various aspects of memory in VPT adults (mean age 19) who sustained differing degrees of perinatal brain injury (PBI), as assessed by neonatal cerebral ultrasound. We showed that the neurodevelopmental consequences of VPT birth persist into young adulthood and are associated with neonatal cranial ultrasound classification. At a cognitive level, VPT young adults showed impairments specific to effective organization of verbal information and visuospatial memory, whereas at an anatomical level they displayed reduced volume of memory-related tracts, the cingulum and the fornix, with greater alterations in those individuals who experienced high-grade PBI. When investigating the association between these tracts and memory scores, perseveration errors were associated with the volume of the fornix and dorsal cingulum (connecting medial frontal and parietal lobes). Visuospatial memory scores were associated with the volume of the ventral cingulum (connecting medial parietal and temporal lobes). These results suggest that structural connectivity alterations could underlie memory difficulties in preterm born individuals. Very preterm born adults exhibit memory and learning impairments. White matter tracts implicated in memory are altered following perinatal brain injury. Structural alterations to memory tracts may underlie specific memory impairments.
Collapse
|