An efficient one-pot three-component reaction for synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives in water media under catalyst-free condition

Preparation of GO/SiO2/PEA as a new solid base catalyst for the green synthesis of some spirooxindole derivatives

Efficient and green one pot multi component synthesis of some spirooxindole derivatives in the presence of graphene oxide functionalized with 2-(1-piperazinyl) ethylamine (GO/SiO₂/PEA) as a solid base catalyst was studied. GO/SiO₂/PEA has been obtained through a two step reaction and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Green reaction conditions, short reaction times, reusable catalyst and a high to excellent yield of products are some of the advantageous of the presented method.

SLS-catalyzed Multi-component One-pot Reactions for the Convenient Synthesis of Spiro[indoline-3,4’-pyrano [2,3-c]pyrazole] Derivatives

Background,Objective: :

spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles] derivatives are an important heterocyclic compounds. These compounds shows wide range of biological properties and exhibits varied pharmaceutical applications. Pyranopyrazoles, which are basically fused heterocyclic compounds and act as vasodilators, hypertensive, hypoglycaemic, and anticancer agents.

Methods:

An efficient and micelle-promoted surfactant catalyzed synthesis of spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles] derivatives have been achieved via one-pot four-component reaction of hydrazine hydrate (phenyl hydrazine), ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile (ethyl cyanoacetate) and isatin under thermal conditions (at 60°C) in water as a solvent.

Results:

Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) used has been found to be an efficient and green catalyst. The compounds reported during this work were obtained in excellent yield, in a short duration of time and ease of work up. They were purified by recrystalization from ethanol, and also the synthesized compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques.

Conclusion:

The method offers several advantages such as safe, cost-effective and catalyst easily recovered and reused for a minimum of five cycles, that confirms its good stability. Short reaction times, high yield and usage of eco-friendly catalyst and solvent are the key features of this methodology.

Synthesis of new thiazolo-pyrrolidine-(spirooxindole) tethered to 3-acylindole as anticancer agents

Anticancer therapeutics with profiles of high potency, low toxicity, and low resistance is of considerable interest. A new series of functionalized spirooxindole linked with 3-acylindole scaffold is reported, starting from chalcones derived from 3-acetyl indole with isatin, and l-4-thiazolidinecarboxylic acid. The reactions proceeded regioselectivity, stereoselectivity, without side products in high yield (71-89%). The new spirooxindole hybrids have been evaluated in vitro for their antiproliferative effects against colon cancer (HCT-116), hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and prostate cancer (PC-3). The selectivity of their activity was evaluated. Some of the synthesized compounds showed considerable anticancer activities. Compound 4k proved to retain a high cytotoxic activity and selectivity against colon cancer cells HCT-116 (IC₅₀ = 7 ± 0.27 µM, SI: 3.7), and HepG2 (IC₅₀ = 5.5 ± 0.2 µM, SI: 4.7) in comparison to (IC₅₀ = 12.6 ± 0.5, SI: 0.4 and 5.5 ± 0.3 µM, SI: 0.9, respectively). Compound 4k was less active (IC₅₀ = 6 ± 0.3 µM, SI: 4.3) than cisplatin (IC₅₀ = 5 ± 0.56 µM, SI: 1.0) but showed greater selectivity towards prostate cancer cells PC-3 in comparison to cisplatin. The details of the binding mode of the active compounds were clarified by molecular docking. Ligand Efficiency (LE) and Ligand Lipophilic Efficiency (LLE) were evaluated and revealed that compound 4k had acceptable value.

Molecular diversity of spirooxindoles. Synthesis and biological activity

Spirooxindoles are important synthetic targets possessing extended biological activity and drug discovery applications. This review focuses on the various strategies for the enantioselective synthesis of spirocyclic oxindoles relying on reports over the past decade and from earlier work. The spirooxindoles in this review are separated into three structural classes, and then further categorized into the method type from which the spirocycle is generated.

Synthesis, and QSAR analysis of anti-oncological active spiro-alkaloids

QSAR study describes the anti-neoplastic spiro-alkaloids with relevant molecular descriptors using CODESSA III software. The dispiro[3H-indole-3,2'-pyrrolidine-3',3"-piperidines] 24-48 were synthesized via [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides, (generated in situ via decarboxylative condensation of isatins 21-23 with sarcosine) and 3E,5E-1-alkyl-3,5-bis(arylmethylidene)-4-piperidones 10-20. Some of the synthesized analogues exhibited promising antitumor properties against HELA (cervical), HEPG2 (liver), T-47D, MCF7 (breast), and HCT116 (colon) human tumor cell lines, demonstrating activity close to or even better than the standard Doxorubicin, based on in vitro Sulfo-Rhodamine-B bio-assay.

Convenient NaCl-Catalysed Multicomponent Synthesis of Spiro[indoline-3,4′-Pyrano[2,3-c]Pyrazole]-3′-Carboxylate Derivatives in Aqueous Medium

A series of alkyl 6′-amino-5′-cyano-2-oxo-1′H-spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole]-3′-carboxylates has been synthesised in the presence of sodium chloride as catalyst in water. The green synthesis shows attractive green characteristics such as, using water as the reaction medium, very short reaction time, easy work up, and reduced waste.