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Chen TM, Tanaka Y, Kametani Y, Cheng K, Lin C, Lin YR, Hsu T, Chen Z, Hao J, Mori S, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Furuta H, Shimizu S, Chen C. Spontaneous Assembly and Three‐Dimensional Stacking of Antiaromatic 5,15‐Dioxaporphyrin on HOPG. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212726. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsang‐Wei Matt Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yohei Kametani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kum‐Yi Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Hsun Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Yi Rick Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Ting‐Rong Hsu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Zuqian Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Jiping Hao
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Center (ADRES) Ehime University Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering and Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Chun‐hsien Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan
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Pushpanandan P, Ravikanth M. Synthesis and Properties of Stable 20π Porphyrinoids. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200144. [PMID: 35896952 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The 20π porphyrinoids are immediate higher homologues of 18π porphyrins and differ from porphyrins in aromaticity which in turn affects the structure, properties and chemical reactivities. Research over the years indicated that the 20π porphyrinoids can be stabilized as non-aromatic/anti-aromatic or Mobius aromatic macrocycles using different strategies such as core-modification of porphyrins, non-metal/metal complexation of porphyrins, peripheral modification of porphyrins and expanded porphyrinoids. The structural properties such as aromaticity of the macrocycle can be controlled by choosing the right synthetic strategy. This review will provide an overview of the development in the chemistry of 20π porphyrinoids giving emphasize on the synthesis, structure and electronic properties of these macrocycles which have huge potential for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornenth Pushpanandan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Macrocyclic Lab, Lab No. 338, 400076, Mumbai, India
| | - Mangalampalli Ravikanth
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Macrocyclic Lab, Lab No. 338, 400076, Mumbai, India
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Yagi A, Shinokubo H. meso
‐Diazacorrphycenes: Neighboring Effect of Two Nitrogen Atoms. Chemistry 2020; 26:8210-8213. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsumi Yagi
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringNagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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Abstract
Sometimes named half-porphyrins, bis-pyrrolic dipyrrin ligands endow their metal complexes with unique properties such as the potential to functionalize the heterocyclic backbone or the meso position and the ability to catalyze interesting chemical transformations. Thus, strategies towards the derivatization of or at the meso group and the use of dipyrrin metal complexes for the formation of a broad range of polypyrrolic derivatives such as 2,2'-bis-dipyrrins, nor-/hetero-corroles and porphynoids have been elaborated. Furthermore, the chelating ability of dipyrrins and the possibility of modifying their steric and electronic characteristics by functionalization can be exploited for the development of numerous complexes featuring appealing properties. Hence, C-H activation/amination, polymerization or oxidation reactions can be catalyzed by dipyrrin metal complexes and classical reagents such as Grignard species, Rh-based or Suzuki-Miyaura catalysts have been revisited by incorporation of dipyrrins in the coordination sphere of the metal cations. This contribution aims to review and illustrate all these aspects, highlighting the potential of these complexes for the design and synthesis of valuable organic compounds and metallo-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane A Baudron
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CMC UMR 7140, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
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Sudoh K, Satoh Y, Furukawa K, Nakano H, Matano Y. Synthesis and optical, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of 5,10,15,20-tetraaryl-5,15-diazaporphyrin — tertiary amine conjugates. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis and optical, magnetic, and electrochemical properties of nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes of 5,10,15,20-tetraaryl-5,15-diazaporphyrin–tertiary amine (TADAP–TA) conjugates. Metal-templated cyclization reactions of 9-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)amino-1-chloro-5-mesityldipyrrin and 9-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)amino-1-chloro-5-mesityldipyrrin (mesityl = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) with nickel(II) or copper(II) acetate afforded the corresponding metal(II) complexes of TADAP–TA. The 20[Formula: see text], 19[Formula: see text], and 18[Formula: see text] oxidation states of the DAP ring in the TADAP – TAs were reversibly interconvertible by redox reactions. NMR spectroscopy of the 20[Formula: see text] and 18[Formula: see text] Ni-TADAP – TAs revealed their antiaromatic and aromatic characters, respectively, whereas electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of the 19[Formula: see text] Ni-TADAP–TAs showed effective delocalization of an unshared electron spin in the DAP ring. The interconversion between the three oxidation states of TADAP – TAs also caused a distinct change in the optical properties of the DAP [Formula: see text]-electron system. Notably, all the 18[Formula: see text] dications exhibited weak and broad absorption bands in the near infrared region owing to the charge-transfer from the peripheral tertiary amine units (donor) to the cationic DAP center (acceptor). Cyclic voltammetry of TADAP – TAs exhibited the reversible 20[Formula: see text]/19[Formula: see text] and 19[Formula: see text]/18[Formula: see text] redox couples and the irreversible amine oxidation at the periphery. The electrochemical oxidation of the Ni-TADAP–triphenylamine conjugate generated reactive ammoniumyl radicals, which underwent intermolecular coupling to form a polymer of TADAP–TA on the electrode surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Sudoh
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Yuna Satoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Ko Furukawa
- Center for Coordination of Research Facilities, Institute for Research Promotion, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950–2181, Japan
| | - Haruyuki Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Nishiyama A, Tanaka Y, Mori S, Furuta H, Shimizu S. Oxidative nitration reaction of antiaromatic 5,15-dioxaporphyrin. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461950113x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Upon oxidation of 20[Formula: see text]-electron antiaromatic 5,15-dioxaporphyrin (DOP) using nitrosonium ions as oxidants, a tetrakis-[Formula: see text]-nitrated compound was formed instead of the expected 18[Formula: see text]-electron aromatic dication species via an oxidative nitration reaction mechanism. Compared with the original DOP, this tetranitro DOP product exhibited a blue shift of absorption and downfield shifts of the [Formula: see text]-pyrrolic proton signals. The unique antiaromatic electronic structure of the tetranitro DOP was disclosed experimentally by electrochemistry and theoretically by DFT and NICS calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihide Nishiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center (ADRES), Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Yamashita D, Omori H, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Synthesis and properties of 5-aza-15-thiaporphyrins. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461950069x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have successfully prepared 5-aza-15-thiaporphyrin through nucleophilic sulfination of nitrogen-bridged dibromobisdipyrrin with sodium sulfide. X-ray diffraction analysis elucidated its structure in the solid state: two dipyrrin subunits were roughly coplanar around the sp2-hybridized meso-nitrogen. In contrast, they adopted a folded conformation around the meso-sulfur atom. Due to its relatively distorted structure, 5-aza-15-thiaporphyrin shows weak antiaromaticity in the magnetic criteria. The sulfur atom was oxidized with [Formula: see text]-chloroperbenzoic acid to provide 5-aza-15-thiaporphyrin [Formula: see text]-dioxide in good yield. While 5-aza-15-thiaporphyrin was non-emissive, its [Formula: see text]-dioxide exhibited fluorescence in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroto Omori
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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