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Ramesh Kumar R, Kannan B, Pandi C, Pandi A, Jayaseelan VP, Arumugam P. Dysregulation of a novel m6A regulator YWHAG is correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma - A cross-sectional study. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 169:106090. [PMID: 39299032 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of a novel m6A and cell cycle regulator YWHAG in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by analyzing its expression and functional implications. DESIGN Tumor samples (n = 51) and adjacent non-tumor samples (n = 38) were collected from patients with OSCC, and cell lines were processed. YWHAG mRNA expression was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis. Various tools, such as UALCAN, Protein-Atlas analysis, TIMER 2.0, and other in silico tools, were used to explore clinicopathological correlations, protein expression, immune cell infiltration, and functional associations of YWHAG. RESULTS YWHAG mRNA and protein expression were significantly upregulated in OSCC tumor tissues and OSCC cell lines compared to non-tumor tissues and normal cells (p < 0.001). High YWHAG expression significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, higher grade, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis (p < 0.05). Functional analysis revealed that YWHAG is associated with pathways involved in aggressive cancer progression. YWHAG expression positively correlated with its target gene CTTN expression, which was also upregulated in OSCC and associated with poor prognosis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Study findings indicate that YWHAG may contribute to the progression of OSCC and could be a potential therapeutic target or prognostic biomarker. Further investigation is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms and assess the clinical implications of YWHAG dysregulation in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rithanyaa Ramesh Kumar
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Balachander Kannan
- Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Chandra Pandi
- Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Anitha Pandi
- Clinical Genetics Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Vijayashree Priyadharsini Jayaseelan
- Clinical Genetics Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Paramasivam Arumugam
- Molecular Biology Lab, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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Sengüven Toközlü B, Sapkota D, Vallenari EM, Schreurs O, Søland TM. Cortactin expression in a Norwegian cohort of human papilloma virus negative oral squamous cell carcinomas of the mobile tongue. Eur J Oral Sci 2023; 131:e12925. [PMID: 36790139 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue (OTSCC) is the most common malignancy among oral squamous cell carcinomas and is frequently associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Local spread and distant metastasis are important causes of poor prognosis in OTSCC. Cortactin amplification and overexpression, a common molecular alteration in oral squamous cell carcinomas, have been linked to invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. However, the intra-tumor expression pattern and prognostic significance of cortactin in human papillomavirus (HPV) negative OTSCC is not fully investigated. Immunohistochemical analysis using tissue microarray consisting of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded HPV negative OTSCC (n = 123) specimens showed overexpression of cortactin at tissue cores from invading fronts as compared to the corresponding center cores. High overall cortactin expression was found to be associated with advanced (larger) tumor size and the occurrence of distance metastasis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high overall cortactin expression were associated with reduced 5-year survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified high cortactin expression to be an independent prognostic factor in OTSCC. Additionally, siRNA-mediated silencing of cortactin was found to suppress the proliferative and invasive abilities of OTSCC cells in an organotypic co-culture model. Overexpression of cortactin is a promising prognostic marker in HPV-negative OTSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sengüven Toközlü
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Oslo, Turkey
| | - D Sapkota
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - E M Vallenari
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - O Schreurs
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - T M Søland
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhou L. Prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma associated with girdin, Akt, and cortactin. Ann Saudi Med 2022; 42:181-190. [PMID: 35770962 PMCID: PMC9167460 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2022.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The actin-binding protein girdin regulates tumor cell migration and invasion by maintaining actin structure. PI3K/Akt signaling is an important actin-remodeling pathway. The protein cortactin acts directly on microfilaments and promotes tumor invasion and metastasis by rearranging the cytoskeleton. However, there are few reports on the co-expression of girdin, Akt, and cortactin in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). OBJECTIVES Evaluate girdin, Akt, and cortactin expression in GAC tissues and assess their relationship to the prognosis of GAC patients. DESIGN Survival analysis SETTING: Medical college in China PATIENTS AND METHODS: We compared survival in 110 paraffin-preserved GAC with corresponding normal gastric mucosa tissues in relationship to girdin, Akt, and cortactin expression levels. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Expression levels of the proteins. SAMPLE SIZE 110 RESULTS: The expression of girdin, Akt, and cortactin were all upregulated in GAC tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues (66.4% vs 36.3%, 57.3% vs 28.2% and 69.1% vs 22.7%, respectively; P<.05) and expression was mutually positive (all P<.05). Overall survival in the girdin, Akt, and cortactin high expression groups was reduced. Multivariate analysis showed that girdin, Akt, cortactin, lymph node metastasis (LNM) and TNM stages were independent factors affecting GAC patients prognosis (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Girdin and cortactin may promote GAC invasion and metastasis via the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway. Girdin, Akt, and cortactin co-expression might serve as a novel molecular target for GAC therapy and improve the prognosis of patients with this disease. LIMITATIONS A small sample size and lack of related research on molecular mechanisms. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- From the Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Cheyan Liu
- From the Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- From the Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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Ming R, Li X, Wang E, Wei J, Liu B, Zhou P, Yu W, Zong S, Xiao H. The Prognostic Signature of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Constructed by Immune-Related RNA-Binding Proteins. Front Oncol 2022; 12:795781. [PMID: 35449571 PMCID: PMC9016149 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.795781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to construct a prognostic signature consisting of immune-related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to predict the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) effectively. Methods The transcriptome and clinical data of HNSCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. First, we ascertained the immunological differences in HNSCC, through single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, stromal and immune cells in malignant tumor tissues using expression data (ESTIMATE), and cell-type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) deconvolution algorithm. Then we used univariate proportional hazards (Cox) regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis to screen immune-related RBPs and acquire the risk score of each sample. Subsequently, we further investigated the difference in prognosis, immune status, and tumor mutation burden in high- and low-risk groups. Finally, the efficacy of immunotherapy was measured by the tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score. Results We derived 15 immune-related RBPs, including FRMD4A, ASNS, RAB11FIP1, FAM120C, CFLAR, CTTN, PLEKHO1, SELENBP1, CHCHD2, NPM3, ATP2A3, CFDP1, IGF2BP2, NQO1, and DENND2D. There were significant differences in the prognoses of patients in the high- and low-risk groups in the training set (p < 0.001) and the validation set (p < 0.01). Furthermore, there were statistical differences between the high-risk group and low-risk group in immune cell infiltration and pathway and tumor mutation load (p < 0.001). In the end, we found that patients in the low-risk group were more sensitive to immunotherapy (p < 0.001), and then we screened 14 small-molecule chemotherapeutics with higher sensitivity to the high-risk group (p < 0.001). Conclusion The study constructed a prognostic signature of HNSCC, which might guide clinical immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Ming
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Enhao Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenting Yu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shimin Zong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjun Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Biber G, Ben-Shmuel A, Sabag B, Barda-Saad M. Actin regulators in cancer progression and metastases: From structure and function to cytoskeletal dynamics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 356:131-196. [PMID: 33066873 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a central factor contributing to various hallmarks of cancer. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence demonstrating the involvement of actin regulatory proteins in malignancy, and their dysregulation was shown to predict poor clinical prognosis. Although enhanced cytoskeletal activity is often associated with cancer progression, the expression of several inducers of actin polymerization is remarkably reduced in certain malignancies, and it is not completely clear how these changes promote tumorigenesis and metastases. The complexities involved in cytoskeletal induction of cancer progression therefore pose considerable difficulties for therapeutic intervention; it is not always clear which cytoskeletal regulator should be targeted in order to impede cancer progression, and whether this targeting may inadvertently enhance alternative invasive pathways which can aggravate tumor growth. The entire constellation of cytoskeletal machineries in eukaryotic cells are numerous and complex; the system is comprised of and regulated by hundreds of proteins, which could not be covered in a single review. Therefore, we will focus here on the actin cytoskeleton, which encompasses the biological machinery behind most of the key cellular functions altered in cancer, with specific emphasis on actin nucleating factors and nucleation-promoting factors. Finally, we discuss current therapeutic strategies for cancer which aim to target the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Biber
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - A Ben-Shmuel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - B Sabag
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - M Barda-Saad
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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