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Jackson RW, Cao-Nasalga A, Chieng A, Pirkl A, Jagielo AD, Xu C, Goldenhersch E, Rosencovich N, Waitman C, Prochaska JJ. Adding Virtual Reality Mindful Exposure Therapy to a Cancer Center's Tobacco Treatment Offerings: Feasibility and Acceptability Single-Group Pilot Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e54817. [PMID: 39042439 DOI: 10.2196/54817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking contributes to 1 in 3 cancer deaths. At the Stanford Cancer Center, tobacco cessation medication management and counseling are provided as a covered benefit. Patients charted as using tobacco are contacted by a tobacco treatment specialist and offered cessation services. As a novel addition, this study examined the acceptability of a virtual reality (VR) mindful exposure therapy app for quitting smoking called MindCotine. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of offering 6 weeks of MindCotine treatment as a part of Stanford's Tobacco Treatment Services for patients seen for cancer care. METHODS As part of a single-group pilot study, the MindCotine VR program was offered to English- or Spanish-speaking patients interested in quitting smoking. Given the visual interface, epilepsy was a medical exclusion. Viewed from a smartphone with an attachable VR headset, MindCotine provides a digital environment with audiovisual content guiding mindfulness exercises (eg, breathing techniques, body awareness, and thought recognition), text-based coaching, and cognitive behavioral therapy-based self-reflections for quitting smoking. Interested patients providing informed consent were mailed a MindCotine headset and asked to use the app for 10+ minutes a day. At the end of 6 weeks, participants completed a feedback survey. RESULTS Of the 357 patients reached by the tobacco treatment specialist, 62 (17.3%) were ineligible, 190 (53.2%) were not interested in tobacco treatment services, and 78 (21.8%) preferred other tobacco treatment services. Among the 105 eligible and interested in assistance with quitting, 27 (25.7%) were interested in MindCotine, of whom 20 completed the informed consent, 9 used the program, and 8 completed their end-of-treatment survey. Participants using MindCotine completed, on average, 13 (SD 20.2) program activities, 19 (SD 26) journal records, and 11 (SD 12.3) coaching engagements. Of the 9 participants who used MindCotine, 4 (44%) reported some dizziness with app use that resolved and 7 (78%) would recommend MindCotine to a friend. In total, 2 participants quit tobacco (22.2% reporting, 10% overall), 2 others reduced their smoking by 50% or more, and 2 quit for 24 hours and then relapsed. CONCLUSIONS In a feasibility and acceptability pilot study of a novel VR tobacco treatment app offered to patients at a cancer center, 4 of 9 (44%) reporting and 4 of 20 (20%) overall substantially reduced or quit using tobacco after 6 weeks and most would recommend the app to others. Further testing on a larger sample is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05220254; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05220254.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann Cao-Nasalga
- Health Education, Engagement and Promotion, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Amy Chieng
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Amy Pirkl
- Health Education, Engagement and Promotion, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Annemarie D Jagielo
- PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Cindy Xu
- Health Education, Engagement and Promotion, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Emilio Goldenhersch
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Neurociencia y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Flores, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Rosencovich
- Escuela de Ingeniería Biomédica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Judith J Prochaska
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Alanazi AM, Monshi SS, Alfahadi NA, Alsayari SS, Alkhonain FS, Alsulami NM, Alotaibi TF, Algarni SS, Abunurah HY, Al-Zalabani AH, Ismaeil TT. The associations between the credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body and smoking behavior change among Saudi smokers. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:107. [PMID: 36514796 PMCID: PMC9717579 DOI: 10.18332/tid/155814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, Saudi Arabia has extensively reformed its tobacco control policies and extended its smoking cessation services. A public outrage on social media among smokers was witnessed, especially after the implementation of plain cigarette packaging, which might have discredited the significant efforts of tobacco treatment services and tobacco control policies. However, it is not known how the credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body among Saudi smokers might affect their smoking behavior. METHODS Saudi tobacco smokers (n=511) were recruited using a convenience sampling technique. A cross-sectional survey was conducted comprising questions related to the credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body (modified Food and Drug Administration Tobacco Credibility Scale), quit attempts, use of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), and motivation to change smoking behavior in the future. Logistic and linear regression models were used for the analysis. RESULTS The public interest subscale of the credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body, was positively associated with confidence in changing smoking behavior (β=0.204; 95% CI: 0.078-0.713; t=2.449, p=0.015) and readiness to change smoking behavior (β=0.237; 95% CI: 0.127-0.727; t=2.802, p=0.005). Moreover, the subscale of expertise was positively associated with confidence in changing smoking behavior (β=0.190; 95% CI: 0.006-0.697; t=1.999, p=0.046) and readiness to change smoking behavior (β=0.225; 95% CI: 0.063-0.710; t=2.352, p=0.019). However, public interest in the credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body was negatively associated with NRT use among smokers who tried to quit (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=0.691; 95% CI: 0.526-0.909). The credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body, however, was not associated with the last month's or ever quit attempts. CONCLUSIONS The credibility of the tobacco control regulatory body was positively associated with motivation to change smoking behavior but negatively associated with NRT use. Optimizing communication tools with the public is a potential avenue for improving smoking treatment and prevention in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M. Alanazi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah S. Monshi
- Department of Health Services Management, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A. Alfahadi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeem S. Alsayari
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Foton S. Alkhonain
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah M. Alsulami
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareq F. Alotaibi
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh S. Algarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Y. Abunurah
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmohsen H. Al-Zalabani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha T. Ismaeil
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Schiavon S, Davies E, Mildrum Chana S, Scarinci IC, Merlin JS, May J, Cropsey KL. Oncology Patient Smoking Cessation Treatment Preferences: Perceptions Across Former and Current Cigarette Smokers. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2022; 37:1975-1981. [PMID: 34518990 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-02068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the benefits of smoking cessation following a cancer diagnosis have been well-established, up to 50% of cancer patients continue to smoke. Continued smoking through oncology treatment leads to increased risk of adverse events including reduced effectiveness of treatment, recurrence of additional malignancies, and reduced survival rates. Upon the cancer diagnosis, oncology healthcare providers become the primary trusted source of information and support, which represents a great opportunity to assist these patients to quit smoking. However, it remains unclear how oncology healthcare providers can best address smoking cessation from a patient-centered perspective. The present study surveyed oncology patients from Birmingham, AL, classified as either former (n = 174) or current smokers (n = 81) to identify their perceptions regarding the role of oncology healthcare providers in their smoking cessation efforts. Current smokers were more likely to be younger, received their cancer diagnosis within the past 3 years, and have a cancer diagnosis with high smoking-related public awareness (i.e., head, neck, or lung) compared to former smokers. Additionally, 81% of current smokers reported experiencing smoking cessation discussions with their oncology healthcare providers with the most prominent recommendations being use of nicotine replacement therapies (46.9%) and medication (35.8%). These smoking cessation experiences align with patient preferences. However, despite the frequency of smoking cessation discussions, current smokers demonstrated an ambivalence in understanding the risks of continued smoking during their medical treatment. Overall, this study highlights the important role of oncology healthcare providers on implementing smoking cessation intervention for their patients who continue to smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Schiavon
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Davies
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sofia Mildrum Chana
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Isabel C Scarinci
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jessica S Merlin
- Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, Center for Research On Healthcare, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jori May
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama At Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karen L Cropsey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama At Birmingham, 1670 University Blvd., Volker Hall, Suite L107, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Santi SA, Conlon MSC, Meigs ML, Davidson SM, Mispel-Beyer K, Saunders DP. Rates of Smoking Cessation at 6 and 12 Months after a Clinical Tobacco Smoking Cessation Intervention in Head and Neck Cancer Patients in Northern Ontario, Canada. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:1544-1558. [PMID: 35323330 PMCID: PMC8947430 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking during cancer treatment is associated with reduced treatment response and cancer recurrence in patients with tobacco-related cancers. The purpose of this study was to examine smoking characteristics in head and neck cancer patients (n = 503) with a history of smoking and examine the impact of an intensive clinical tobacco intervention to patients who were currently smoking. All participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire at study enrollment which examined smoking behaviours, motivations to quit, and strategies used to cessate smoking. Follow-up assessments were completed at 6- and 12-months which monitored whether patients had quit smoking, remained cessated, or continued to smoke since study recruitment. For those who were currently smoking (n = 186, 37.0%), an intensive clinical tobacco intervention that utilized the 3A's-Ask, Advise, Arrange-and the Opt-Out approach was offered to assist with smoking cessation at their new patient visit and followed-up weekly during their head and neck radiation therapy for 7 weeks. At 6 months, 23.7% (n = 41) of those who were smoking successfully quit; 51.2% quit 'cold turkey' (defined as using no smoking cessation assistance, aids or pharmacotherapy to quit), while 34.9% used pharmacotherapy (varenicline (Champix)) to quit. On average, it took those who were smoking 1-5 attempts to quit, but once they quit they remained cessated for the duration of the study. Although the head and neck cancer patients in this study reported high levels of nicotine dependence, many were able to successfully cessate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A. Santi
- Health Sciences North Research Institute (HSNRI), Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada; (S.A.S.); (M.S.C.C.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.-B.)
| | - Michael S. C. Conlon
- Health Sciences North Research Institute (HSNRI), Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada; (S.A.S.); (M.S.C.C.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.-B.)
- School of Rural and Northern Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM), Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
| | - Margaret L. Meigs
- Health Sciences North Research Institute (HSNRI), Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada; (S.A.S.); (M.S.C.C.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.-B.)
| | - Stacey M. Davidson
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM), Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Northeast Cancer Centre (NECC), Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada
| | - Kyle Mispel-Beyer
- Health Sciences North Research Institute (HSNRI), Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada; (S.A.S.); (M.S.C.C.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.-B.)
| | - Deborah P. Saunders
- Health Sciences North Research Institute (HSNRI), Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada; (S.A.S.); (M.S.C.C.); (M.L.M.); (K.M.-B.)
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM), Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada;
- Northeast Cancer Centre (NECC), Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON P3E 5J1, Canada
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Conlon MSC, Santi SA, Meigs ML, Davidson SM, Saunders D. Cigarette-smoking characteristics and interest in cessation in patients with head-and-neck cancer. Curr Oncol 2020; 27:e478-e485. [PMID: 33173387 PMCID: PMC7606046 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.6019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Many patients diagnosed with head-and-neck cancer are current or former smokers. Despite the well-known adverse effects of smoking, continuation of smoking during cancer treatment is associated with reduced efficacy of that treatment and with cancer recurrence. In the present study, we examined smoking characteristics in patients with head-and-neck cancer near the time of cancer treatment. Methods A prospective cohort of patients with head-and-neck cancer who attended a dental oncology clinic before receiving cancer treatment at a regional cancer centre were invited to participate in a study that involved completing an interviewer-administered questionnaire to assess smoking characteristics, intention to quit, motivation to quit, and strategies perceived to potentially aid in successful cessation. Results The study enrolled 493 ever-smokers, with a response rate of 96.1% and a self-reported current smoker rate of 37.1% (n = 183). Most of the current smokers reported high nicotine dependence, with 84.7% (n = 155) indicating a time to first cigarette of 30 minutes or less. Most had previously attempted to quit smoking (77.0%), and many had prior unsuccessful quit attempts before resuming smoking again. Most were interested in quitting smoking (85.8%), and many (70.5%) were seriously considering quitting smoking within the subsequent 30 days. Conclusions Patients with head-and-neck cancer reported high nicotine dependence and high interest in cessation opportunities near the time of treatment for cancer. Those results might provide support for provision of smoking cessation opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S C Conlon
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON
- Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON
| | - S A Santi
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON
| | - M L Meigs
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON
| | - S M Davidson
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON
| | - D Saunders
- Northeast Cancer Centre, Health Sciences North, Sudbury, ON
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON
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