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Elmi M, Dass JH, Dass CR. Current treatments for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and the move towards molecular therapy. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae107. [PMID: 39137149 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this review, we discuss oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) treatment options with a focus on the molecular mechanisms of OPSCC in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and head and neck cancers (HNCs). Treatment can be radical intent (aim for cure) or palliative intent (aim for disease control and symptom management). OPSCC is a prominent subset of HNSCCs in Australia and the Western World. METHOD We looked at the current conventional treatment options with an overview of recent advances and future endeavours. KEY FINDINGS We identified that radiotherapy is the primary management for OPSCC in most countries, including the USA, UK, NZ, and Australia. In contrast, surgery is only considered for superficial OPSCC or neck surgery. If surgery is incomplete, then definitive management still requires radiotherapy. CONCLUSION Molecular therapy is largely at the preclinical stage, with cetuximab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, Lenvatinib, and bevacizumab being tested clinically currently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Elmi
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Joshua H Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Perth, WA, Australia
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Zhang L, Liu S. Grade IV Radiation Skin Injury on the Neck of a Patient with Tonsillar Carcinoma: A Case Report. Adv Skin Wound Care 2024; 37:1-4. [PMID: 38899827 DOI: 10.1097/asw.0000000000000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Radiation therapy is often accompanied by skin toxicity in the irradiated area and radiation-induced DNA damage to skin tissue cells in the surrounding pigmented area. This case report describes a patient with radiation-induced skin injury who received wound treatment and psychological intervention with satisfactory results. A 60-year-old woman was admitted to the authors' hospital on January 18, 2021, with radiation-induced skin injury caused by carbon ion radiotherapy for tonsillar carcinoma. The patient underwent wound repair combined with psychological intervention (30 minutes per dressing change). Over a period of 1 month, the wound area was reduced from 11 × 12 cm2 to 1 × 1 cm2, and wound symptoms (exudate, blood odor, wound infection, wound edge dehydration and curling, periwound skin peeling, dryness, and hyperkeratosis) improved. The patient's anxiety factor scores decreased from 18 to 1, and her depression factor scores decreased from 16 to 3. When the patient was discharged from the hospital after 1 month of treatment, she had a satisfactory self-image and normal social activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Li Zhang, BS, is Professor of Nursing, Wound Ostomy Nursing Clinic, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China. Sicong Liu, BS, is Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing
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Lechien JR, Hamdan AL, Fakhry N, Vaira LA, Iannella G, Gengler IM, Michel J, Radulesco T, Remacle M, Hans S, Cammaroto G, Saibene AM, Mayo-Yanez M, Maniaci A. Perception of Young European Otolaryngologists toward Transoral Robotic Surgery in Head and Neck Oncology and Surgery. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3055. [PMID: 38892767 PMCID: PMC11172773 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the perception of young European otolaryngologists (OTOs), i.e., head and neck surgeons, toward transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Methods: Members of the Young Confederation of European Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Young Otolaryngologists of International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies were surveyed about TORS perception and practice. Results: The survey was completed by 120 young OTOS (26%). The most important barriers to TORS were robot availability (73%), cost (69%), and lack of training (37%). The participants believed that the main benefits include better surgical filed view (64%), shorter hospital stay (62%), and better postoperative outcomes (61%) than the conventional approach. Head and neck surgeons considered cT1-T2 oropharyngeal cancers (94%), resection of base of tongue for sleep apnea (86%), or primary unknown cancer (76%) as the most appropriate indications. A total of 67% of TORS surgeons assessed themselves as adequately trained in TORS. Conclusions: Young European OTOs report positive perception, adoption, and knowledge of TORS. The cost-related unavailability and the lack of training or access are reported to be the most important barriers for the spread of TORS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R. Lechien
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, 91190 Paris, France;
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Broncho-Esophagology, EpiCURA Hospital, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Elsan Polyclinic of Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMONS), Avenue du Champ de Mars, 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Abdul-Latif Hamdan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut 1107, Lebanon;
| | - Nicolas Fakhry
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Aix-Marseille Univ, AP-HM, La Conception Hospital, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Luigi A. Vaira
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giannicola Iannella
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of “Organi di Senso”, University “Sapienza”, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabelle M. Gengler
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Justin Michel
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, IUSTI, La Conception University Hospital, ENT-HNS Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Radulesco
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Aix Marseille University, APHM, CNRS, IUSTI, La Conception University Hospital, ENT-HNS Department, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Remacle
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, 91190 Paris, France;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eich Hospital, 1460 Eich, Luxembourg
| | - Stephane Hans
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, 91190 Paris, France;
| | - Giovanni Cammaroto
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Forli Hospital, 47122 Forli, Italy
| | - Alberto M. Saibene
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Otolaryngology Unit, Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Milan, Italy
| | - Miguel Mayo-Yanez
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital San Rafael (HSR), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonino Maniaci
- Robotic Study Group of Young Otolaryngologists, International Federation of Otorhinolaryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), 13005 Paris, France; (N.F.); (L.A.V.); (G.I.); (I.M.G.); (J.M.); (T.R.); (S.H.); (G.C.); (A.M.S.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna Kore, 94100 Enna, Italy
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Understanding the Pattern of Oropharyngeal Cancers from North-East Romanian Patients. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112412079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is acknowledged as a risk factor for oropharyngeal squamous cellular cancers (OPSCC), of which the dominant types are tonsillar (TSCC) and base of tongue cancer (BOTSCC). Objective: To assess the role of HPV in selected OPSCC cases, from Romanian patients by sensitive and complementary molecular assays. Material and Methods: Fifty-four formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) OPSCC samples were analyzed for HPV DNA by a PCR-based bead-based multiplex-assay. Thirty-four samples were tested for HPV RNA and for overexpression of p16INK4a by immunohistochemistry. Twenty samples were evaluated by Competitive Allele-Specific Taqman PCR (CAST-PCR) for fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 protein (FGFR3) status. Results: A total of 33.3% (18/54) OPSCC samples were positive for HPV DNA. HPV16 was the most frequent type (30%, 16/54); followed by HPV18 (3.7%, 2/54); and 1 sample (1.8%) was positive for both HPV16 and 18. HPV18 E6*I was detected in a HPV18 DNA-positive oropharynx tumor. Four samples positive for HPV16 were also positive for p16INK4a. All the tested samples were negative for FGFR3. Conclusions: The increased HPV16 prevalence is in line with similar studies and is a new confirmation that HPV16 is the most prevalent type in our country; supporting the potential benefit of prophylactic vaccines. Overall, there is no concordance between DNA and any of the two other analytes that are considered being markers of HPV-driven cancers. There is a need to explore novel screening strategies that could be broadly used in the clinical routine to initiate preventive measures.
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