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Gu X, Wang L, Gan J, Fancher RM, Tian Y, Hong Y, Lai Y, Sinz M, Shen H. Absorption and Disposition of Coproporphyrin I (CPI) in Cynomolgus Monkeys and Mice: Pharmacokinetic Evidence to Support the Use of CPI to Inform the Potential for Organic Anion-Transporting Polypeptide Inhibition. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:724-734. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.090670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Yee SW, Giacomini MM, Shen H, Humphreys WG, Horng H, Brian W, Lai Y, Kroetz DL, Giacomini KM. Organic Anion Transporter Polypeptide 1B1 Polymorphism Modulates the Extent of Drug-Drug Interaction and Associated Biomarker Levels in Healthy Volunteers. Clin Transl Sci 2019; 12:388-399. [PMID: 30982223 PMCID: PMC6662551 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding transporter‐mediated drug–drug interactions is an integral part of risk assessment in drug development. Recent studies support the use of hexadecanedioate (HDA), tetradecanedioate (TDA), coproporphyrin (CP)‐I, and CP‐III as clinical biomarkers for evaluating organic anion‐transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1 (SLCO1B1) inhibition. The current study investigated the effect of OATP1B1 genotype c.521T>C (OATP1B1‐Val174Ala) on the extent of interaction between cyclosporin A (CsA) and pravastatin, and associated endogenous biomarkers of the transporter (HDA, TDA, CP‐I, and CP‐III), in 20 healthy volunteers. The results show that the levels of each clinical biomarker and pravastatin were significantly increased in plasma samples of the volunteers following administration of pravastatin plus CsA compared with pravastatin plus placebo. The overall fold change in the area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was similar among the four biomarkers (1.8–2.5‐fold, paired t‐test P value < 0.05) in individuals who were homozygotes or heterozygotes of the major allele, c.521T. However, the fold change in AUC and Cmax for HDA and TDA was significantly abolished in the subjects who were c.521‐CC, whereas the respective fold change in AUC and Cmax for pravastatin and CP‐I and CP‐III were slightly weaker in individuals who were c.521‐CC compared with c.521‐TT/TC genotypes. In addition, this study provides the first evidence that SLCO1B1 c.521T>C genotype is significantly associated with CP‐I but not CP‐III levels. Overall, these results suggest that OATP1B1 genotype can modulate the effects of CsA on biomarker levels; the extent of modulation differs among the biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook Wah Yee
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marilyn M Giacomini
- Drug Metabolism Department, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA
| | - Hong Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - W Griffith Humphreys
- Department of Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Howard Horng
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William Brian
- Disposition Safety and Animal Research, Sanofi-Aventis, Great Valley, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yurong Lai
- Drug Metabolism Department, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA
| | - Deanna L Kroetz
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kathleen M Giacomini
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Yoshida K, Guo C, Sane R. Quantitative Prediction of OATP-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions With Model-Based Analysis of Endogenous Biomarker Kinetics. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 7:517-524. [PMID: 29924471 PMCID: PMC6118294 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative prediction of the magnitude of transporter‐mediated clinical drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) solely from in vitro inhibition data remains challenging. The objective of the present work was to analyze the kinetic profile of an endogenous biomarker for organic anion‐transporting polypeptides 1B (OATP1B), coproporphyrin I (CPI), and to predict clinical DDIs with a probe OATP1B substrate (pravastatin) based on “in vivo” inhibition constants (Ki). The CPI kinetics in the presence and absence of strong and weak OATP1B inhibitors (rifampin and GDC‐0810) were described well with a one‐compartment model, and in vivo Ki were estimated. Clinical DDIs between pravastatin and these inhibitors were predicted using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models coupled with the estimated in vivo Ki and predicted magnitude matched well with the observed DDIs. In conclusion, model‐based analysis of the CPI profile has the potential to quantitatively predict liability of a new molecular entity (NME) as an OATP1B inhibitor early in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Yoshida
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Cen Guo
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rucha Sane
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California, USA
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Kunze A, Ediage EN, Dillen L, Monshouwer M, Snoeys J. Clinical Investigation of Coproporphyrins as Sensitive Biomarkers to Predict Mild to Strong OATP1B-Mediated Drug–Drug Interactions. Clin Pharmacokinet 2018; 57:1559-1570. [DOI: 10.1007/s40262-018-0648-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rodrigues AD, Taskar KS, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y. Endogenous Probes for Drug Transporters: Balancing Vision With Reality. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2017; 103:434-448. [DOI: 10.1002/cpt.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AD Rodrigues
- Pharmacokinetics; Dynamics & Metabolism, Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc.; Groton Connecticut USA
| | - KS Taskar
- Mechanistic Safety and Disposition; IVIVT, GlaxoSmithKline; Ware Hertfordshire UK
| | - H Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Y Sugiyama
- RIKEN Innovation Center; Research Cluster for Innovation; RIKEN Kanagawa Japan
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Bednarczyk D, Boiselle C. Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)-mediated transport of coproporphyrins I and III. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:457-66. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1085111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Götze T, Blessing H, Grillhösl C, Gerner P, Hoerning A. Neonatal Cholestasis - Differential Diagnoses, Current Diagnostic Procedures, and Treatment. Front Pediatr 2015; 3:43. [PMID: 26137452 PMCID: PMC4470262 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2015.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestatic jaundice in early infancy is a complex diagnostic problem. Misdiagnosis of cholestasis as physiologic jaundice delays the identification of severe liver diseases. In the majority of infants, prolonged physiologic jaundice represent benign cases of breast milk jaundice, but few among them are masked and caused by neonatal cholestasis (NC) that requires a prompt diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, a prolonged neonatal jaundice, longer than 2 weeks after birth, must always be investigated because an early diagnosis is essential for appropriate management. To rapidly identify the cases with cholestatic jaundice, the conjugated bilirubin needs to be determined in any infant presenting with prolonged jaundice at 14 days of age with or without depigmented stool. Once NC is confirmed, a systematic approach is the key to reliably achieve the diagnosis in order to promptly initiate the specific, and in many cases, life-saving therapy. This strategy is most important to promptly identify and treat infants with biliary atresia, the most common cause of NC, as this requires a hepatoportoenterostomy as soon as possible. Here, we provide a detailed work-up approach including initial treatment recommendations and a clinically oriented overview of possible differential diagnoses in order to facilitate the early recognition and a timely diagnosis of cholestasis. This approach warrants a broad spectrum of diagnostic procedures and investigations including new methods that are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Götze
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Holger Blessing
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Christian Grillhösl
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Patrick Gerner
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - André Hoerning
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Abstract
A 2-year-old boy with Rotor syndrome was studied with Tc-99m N-(di-isopropylphenyl carbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid (DIPA). In this patient, the liver was not visualized, and there was persistent visualization of the cardiac blood pool and along with prominent kidney excretion. It is concluded that Tc-99m DIPA cholescintigraphy may be helpful in the diagnosis of Rotor syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tutus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Erciyes, University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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Kellner H, Zoller WG, Jacob K, Füessl HS. [Renal and enteral elimination of coproporphyrin isomers in Rotor's syndrome. A family study]. KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1988; 66:953-6. [PMID: 3184766 DOI: 10.1007/bf01738109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Urinary and fecal total, isomer I, and isomer III coproporphyrin excretion of a Rotor's syndrome patient and his family were determined. The propositus showed increased urinary total coproporphyrin excretion (248 micrograms/24 h) and a shift of the coproporphyrin isomer I/III relation (70%/30%). The propositus's father and two siblings also had elevated renal excretion of coproporphyrin I. Total coproporphyrin excretion was enhanced only in the propositus's father and one sibling, while being normal in another sibling. All family members that could be investigated showed considerably decreased fecal porphyrin excretion. In Rotor's syndrome porphyrin excretion is mainly renal. The coproporphyrin isomer I/III relation is shifted towards isomer I. Phenotypically normal relatives with normal bilirubin plasma levels may have alterations in both their renal and enteral coproporphyrin excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kellner
- Medizinische Poliklinik, Universität München
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McColl KE, Thompson GG, el Omar E, Moore MR, Goldberg A. Porphyrin metabolism and haem biosynthesis in Gilbert's syndrome. Gut 1987; 28:125-30. [PMID: 3557184 PMCID: PMC1432975 DOI: 10.1136/gut.28.2.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies in 14 patients with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia caused by Gilbert's syndrome have revealed abnormalities of the enzymes of haem biosynthesis measured in peripheral blood cells. The activity of the penultimate enzyme of haem biosynthesis protoporphyrinogen (PROTO) oxidase was reduced at 3.1 +/- 2.6 nmol PROTO/g protein/h (mean +/- ISD) compared with 8.2 +/- 5.1 in controls (p less than 0.005). This was associated with a compensatory increase in the activity of the initial and rate controlling enzyme of the pathway delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) synthase at 866 +/- 636 nmol ALA/g/protein/h compared with 156 +/- 63 in controls (p less than 0.001). Unlike variegate porphyria in which there is a genetic deficiency of PROTO oxidase there was no increased excretion of porphyrins or their precursors in Gilbert's syndrome. Accentuation and subsequent correction of the unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia with rifampicin produced reciprocal changes in PROTO oxidase activity indicating that bilirubin may be inhibiting the activity of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Moore
- Department of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Scotland
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