1
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Li J, Zhang H, Mu B, Zuo H, Zhou K. Identifying phenotype-associated subpopulations through LP_SGL. Brief Bioinform 2023; 25:bbad424. [PMID: 38008419 PMCID: PMC10753413 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables the resolution of cellular heterogeneity in diseases and facilitates the identification of novel cell types and subtypes. However, the grouping effects caused by cell-cell interactions are often overlooked in the development of tools for identifying subpopulations. We proposed LP_SGL which incorporates cell group structure to identify phenotype-associated subpopulations by integrating scRNA-seq, bulk expression and bulk phenotype data. Cell groups from scRNA-seq data were obtained by the Leiden algorithm, which facilitates the identification of subpopulations and improves model robustness. LP_SGL identified a higher percentage of cancer cells, T cells and tumor-associated cells than Scissor and scAB on lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis, melanoma drug response and liver cancer survival datasets, respectively. Biological analysis on three original datasets and four independent external validation sets demonstrated that the signaling genes of this cell subset can predict cancer, immunotherapy and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Li
- College of Mathematics and Information Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe East Road, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- College of Mathematics and Information Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe East Road, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Bingyu Mu
- College of Arts and Design, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 5 Dongfeng Road, 450000, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Zuo
- College of Mathematics and Information Science, Henan Normal University, 46 Jianshe East Road, 453007, Xinxiang, China
| | - Kanglei Zhou
- School of Computer Science and Engneering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China
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2
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Liu X, Xu C, Xiao W, Yan N. Unravelling the role of NFE2L1 in stress responses and related diseases. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102819. [PMID: 37473701 PMCID: PMC10404558 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 1 (NFE2L1, also known as Nrf1) is a highly conserved transcription factor that belongs to the CNC-bZIP subfamily. Its significance lies in its control over redox balance, proteasome activity, and organ integrity. Stress responses encompass a series of compensatory adaptations utilized by cells and organisms to cope with extracellular or intracellular stress initiated by stressful stimuli. Recently, extensive evidence has demonstrated that NFE2L1 plays a crucial role in cellular stress adaptation by 1) responding to oxidative stress through the induction of antioxidative responses, and 2) addressing proteotoxic stress or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), unfolded protein response (UPR), and ER-associated degradation (ERAD). It is worth noting that NFE2L1 serves as a core factor in proteotoxic stress adaptation, which has been extensively studied in cancer and neurodegeneration associated with enhanced proteasomal stress. In these contexts, utilization of NFE2L1 inhibitors to attenuate proteasome "bounce-back" response holds tremendous potential for enhancing the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors. Additionally, abnormal stress adaptations of NFE2L1 and disturbances in redox and protein homeostasis contribute to the pathophysiological complications of cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, a comprehensive exploration of the molecular basis of NFE2L1 and NFE2L1-mediated diseases related to stress responses would not only facilitate the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic indicators but also enable the identification of specific therapeutic targets for NFE2L1-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhu Liu
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chang Xu
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, China; School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wanglong Xiao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Nianlong Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China.
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3
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Lin Y, Yang B, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Ma L, Shen YQ. Mitochondrial DNA-targeted therapy: A novel approach to combat cancer. CELL INSIGHT 2023; 2:100113. [PMID: 37554301 PMCID: PMC10404627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes proteins and RNAs that are essential for mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis, and participates in important processes of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. Alterations in mtDNA are associated with various diseases, especially cancers, and are considered as biomarkers for some types of tumors. Moreover, mtDNA alterations have been found to affect the proliferation, progression and metastasis of cancer cells, as well as their interactions with the immune system and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The important role of mtDNA in cancer development makes it a significant target for cancer treatment. In recent years, many novel therapeutic methods targeting mtDNA have emerged. In this study, we first discussed how cancerogenesis is triggered by mtDNA mutations, including alterations in gene copy number, aberrant gene expression and epigenetic modifications. Then, we described in detail the mechanisms underlying the interactions between mtDNA and the extramitochondrial environment, which are crucial for understanding the efficacy and safety of mtDNA-targeted therapy. Next, we provided a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in cancer therapy strategies that target mtDNA. We classified them into two categories based on their mechanisms of action: indirect and direct targeting strategies. Indirect targeting strategies aimed to induce mtDNA damage and dysfunction by modulating pathways that are involved in mtDNA stability and integrity, while direct targeting strategies utilized molecules that can selectively bind to or cleave mtDNA to achieve the therapeutic efficacy. This study highlights the importance of mtDNA-targeted therapy in cancer treatment, and will provide insights for future research and development of targeted drugs and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yibo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Longyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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4
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Wang SF, Tseng LM, Lee HC. Role of mitochondrial alterations in human cancer progression and cancer immunity. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:61. [PMID: 37525297 PMCID: PMC10392014 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00956-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulating cellular metabolism is one of the emerging cancer hallmarks. Mitochondria are essential organelles responsible for numerous physiologic processes, such as energy production, cellular metabolism, apoptosis, and calcium and redox homeostasis. Although the "Warburg effect," in which cancer cells prefer aerobic glycolysis even under normal oxygen circumstances, was proposed a century ago, how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cancer progression is still unclear. This review discusses recent progress in the alterations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial dynamics in cancer malignant progression. Moreover, we integrate the possible regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways, including mitochondrion-derived molecules (reactive oxygen species, calcium, oncometabolites, and mtDNA) and mitochondrial stress response pathways (mitochondrial unfolded protein response and integrated stress response) in cancer progression and provide the possible therapeutic targets. Furthermore, we discuss recent findings on the role of mitochondria in the immune regulatory function of immune cells and reveal the impact of the tumor microenvironment and metabolism remodeling on cancer immunity. Targeting the mitochondria and metabolism might improve cancer immunotherapy. These findings suggest that targeting mitochondrial retrograde signaling in cancer malignancy and modulating metabolism and mitochondria in cancer immunity might be promising treatment strategies for cancer patients and provide precise and personalized medicine against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Fan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ming Tseng
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Breast Health Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chen Lee
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong St., Beitou Dist., Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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5
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Kidere D, Zayakin P, Livcane D, Makrecka-Kuka M, Stavusis J, Lace B, Lin TK, Liou CW, Inashkina I. Impact of the m.13513G>A Variant on the Functions of the OXPHOS System and Cell Retrograde Signaling. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1794-1809. [PMID: 36975485 PMCID: PMC10047405 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in many vital functions in living cells, including the synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and regulation of nuclear gene expression through retrograde signaling. Leigh syndrome is a heterogeneous neurological disorder resulting from an isolated complex I deficiency that causes damage to mitochondrial energy production. The pathogenic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variant m.13513G>A has been associated with Leigh syndrome. The present study investigated the effects of this mtDNA variant on the OXPHOS system and cell retrograde signaling. Transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines harboring 50% and 70% of the m.13513G>A variant were generated and tested along with wild-type (WT) cells. The functionality of the OXPHOS system was evaluated by spectrophotometric assessment of enzyme activity and high-resolution respirometry. Nuclear gene expression was investigated by RNA sequencing and droplet digital PCR. Increasing levels of heteroplasmy were associated with reduced OXPHOS system complex I, IV, and I + III activities, and high-resolution respirometry also showed a complex I defect. Profound changes in transcription levels of nuclear genes were observed in the cell lines harboring the pathogenic mtDNA variant, indicating the physiological processes associated with defective mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Kidere
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Pawel Zayakin
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Diana Livcane
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Janis Stavusis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
| | - Baiba Lace
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
- Children’s Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83305, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liou
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83305, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Inna Inashkina
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence:
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6
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Ribeiro V, Martins SG, Lopes AS, Thorsteinsdóttir S, Zilhão R, Carlos AR. NFIXing Cancer: The Role of NFIX in Oxidative Stress Response and Cell Fate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054293. [PMID: 36901722 PMCID: PMC10001739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
NFIX, a member of the nuclear factor I (NFI) family of transcription factors, is known to be involved in muscle and central nervous system embryonic development. However, its expression in adults is limited. Similar to other developmental transcription factors, NFIX has been found to be altered in tumors, often promoting pro-tumorigenic functions, such as leading to proliferation, differentiation, and migration. However, some studies suggest that NFIX can also have a tumor suppressor role, indicating a complex and cancer-type dependent role of NFIX. This complexity may be linked to the multiple processes at play in regulating NFIX, which include transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational processes. Moreover, other features of NFIX, including its ability to interact with different NFI members to form homodimers or heterodimers, therefore allowing the transcription of different target genes, and its ability to sense oxidative stress, can also modulate its function. In this review, we examine different aspects of NFIX regulation, first in development and then in cancer, highlighting the important role of NFIX in oxidative stress and cell fate regulation in tumors. Moreover, we propose different mechanisms through which oxidative stress regulates NFIX transcription and function, underlining NFIX as a key factor for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribeiro
- cE3c-CHANGE, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana G. Martins
- cE3c-CHANGE, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Lopes
- cE3c-CHANGE, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO), 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sólveig Thorsteinsdóttir
- cE3c-CHANGE, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita Zilhão
- cE3c-CHANGE, Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Carlos
- cE3c-CHANGE, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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7
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Zhang Q, Jin S, Zou X. scAB detects multiresolution cell states with clinical significance by integrating single-cell genomics and bulk sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:12112-12130. [PMID: 36440766 PMCID: PMC9757078 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although single-cell sequencing has provided a powerful tool to deconvolute cellular heterogeneity of diseases like cancer, extrapolating clinical significance or identifying clinically-relevant cells remains challenging. Here, we propose a novel computational method scAB, which integrates single-cell genomics data with clinically annotated bulk sequencing data via a knowledge- and graph-guided matrix factorization model. Once combined, scAB provides a coarse- and fine-grain multiresolution perspective of phenotype-associated cell states and prognostic signatures previously not visible by single-cell genomics. We use scAB to enhance live cancer single-cell RNA-seq data, identifying clinically-relevant previously unrecognized cancer and stromal cell subsets whose signatures show a stronger poor-survival association. The identified fine-grain cell subsets are associated with distinct cancer hallmarks and prognosis power. Furthermore, scAB demonstrates its utility as a biomarker identification tool, with the ability to predict immunotherapy, drug responses and survival when applied to melanoma single-cell RNA-seq datasets and glioma single-cell ATAC-seq datasets. Across multiple single-cell and bulk datasets from different cancer types, we also demonstrate the superior performance of scAB in generating prognosis signatures and survival predictions over existing models. Overall, scAB provides an efficient tool for prioritizing clinically-relevant cell subsets and predictive signatures, utilizing large publicly available databases to improve prognosis and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinran Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Computational Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Suoqin Jin
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 027 68752957; Fax: +86 027 68752256;
| | - Xiufen Zou
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Xiufen Zou. Tel: +86 027 68752957; Fax: +86 027 68752256;
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8
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McLaughlin KL, Nelson MAM, Coalson HS, Hagen JT, Montgomery MM, Wooten AR, Zeczycki TN, Vohra NA, Fisher-Wellman KH. Bioenergetic Phenotyping of DEN-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveals a Link Between Adenylate Kinase Isoform Expression and Reduced Complex I-Supported Respiration. Front Oncol 2022; 12:919880. [PMID: 35756609 PMCID: PMC9213884 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.919880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondria play a central role in malignant metabolic reprogramming in HCC, which may promote disease progression. To comprehensively evaluate the mitochondrial phenotype present in HCC, we applied a recently developed diagnostic workflow that combines high-resolution respirometry, fluorometry, and mitochondrial-targeted nLC-MS/MS proteomics to cell culture (AML12 and Hepa 1-6 cells) and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced mouse models of HCC. Across both model systems, CI-linked respiration was significantly decreased in HCC compared to nontumor, though this did not alter ATP production rates. Interestingly, CI-linked respiration was found to be restored in DEN-induced tumor mitochondria through acute in vitro treatment with P1, P5-di(adenosine-5′) pentaphosphate (Ap5A), a broad inhibitor of adenylate kinases. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics revealed that DEN-induced tumor mitochondria had increased expression of adenylate kinase isoform 4 (AK4), which may account for this response to Ap5A. Tumor mitochondria also displayed a reduced ability to retain calcium and generate membrane potential across a physiological span of ATP demand states compared to DEN-treated nontumor or saline-treated liver mitochondria. We validated these findings in flash-frozen human primary HCC samples, which similarly displayed a decrease in mitochondrial respiratory capacity that disproportionately affected CI. Our findings support the utility of mitochondrial phenotyping in identifying novel regulatory mechanisms governing cancer bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L McLaughlin
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Margaret A M Nelson
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Hannah S Coalson
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - James T Hagen
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - McLane M Montgomery
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Ashley R Wooten
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Tonya N Zeczycki
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Nasreen A Vohra
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- Brody School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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9
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Fan T, Kuang G, Long R, Han Y, Wang J. The overall process of metastasis: From initiation to a new tumor. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188750. [PMID: 35728735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis-a process that involves the migration of cells from the primary site to distant organs-is the leading cause of cancer-associated death. Improved technology and in-depth research on tumors have furthered our understanding of the various mechanisms involved in tumor metastasis. Metastasis is initiated by cancer cells of a specific phenotype, which migrate with the assistance of extracellular components and metastatic traits conferred via epigenetic regulation while modifying their behavior in response to the complex and dynamic human internal environment. In this review, we have summarized the general steps involved in tumor metastasis and their characteristics, incorporating recent studies and topical issues, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells, neutrophil extracellular traps, pre-metastatic niche, extracellular vesicles, and dormancy. Several feasible treatment directions have also been summarized. In addition, the correlation between cancer metastasis and lifestyle factors, such as obesity and circadian rhythm, has been illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyue Fan
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Guicheng Kuang
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Runmin Long
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunwei Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China.
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10
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NUPR1 promotes the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by activating TFE3 transcription to induce autophagy. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113234. [PMID: 35660538 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recurrence and metastasis affect the survival rate of breast cancer patients. The fundamental reason lies in the lack of understanding of the mechanism of breast cancer metastasis. In this study, the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells were evaluated. The mechanism of NUPR1/TFE3 signaling pathway on autophagy-related proteins and migration-invasion-related proteins was examined in cell model in vitro. The effects of NUPR1 on malignancy formation and metastasis were investigated in vivo. We found that NUPR1 was upregulated in breast cancer cells and tissues. NUPR1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of ZR-75-30 cells and inhibited malignancy formation and metastasis in vivo. Mechanically, NUPR1 promoted autophagy by activating of TFE3 transcription, thereby regulating breast cancer metastasis. This paper indicates that NUPR1 activates autophagy through the TFE3 signaling pathway to promote breast cancer metastasis, and provides a biological basis for the intervention of blocking distant metastasis.
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11
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Song BS, Moon JS, Tian J, Lee HY, Sim BC, Kim SH, Kang SG, Kim JT, Nga HT, Benfeitas R, Kim Y, Park S, Wolfe RR, Eun HS, Shong M, Lee S, Kim IY, Yi HS. Mitoribosomal defects aggravate liver cancer via aberrant glycolytic flux and T cell exhaustion. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004337. [PMID: 35580931 PMCID: PMC9114962 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are involved in cancer energy metabolism, although the mechanisms underlying the involvement of mitoribosomal dysfunction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of mitoribosomal impairment-mediated alterations on the immunometabolic characteristics of liver cancer. METHODS We used a mouse model of HCC, liver tissues from patients with HCC, and datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to elucidate the relationship between mitoribosomal proteins (MRPs) and HCC. In a mouse model, we selectively disrupted expression of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) in hepatocytes to determine the impact of hepatocyte-specific impairment of mitoribosomal function on liver cancer progression. The metabolism and immunophenotype of liver cancer was assessed by glucose flux assays and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of tumor tissue and TCGA HCC transcriptome analysis identified mitochondrial defects associated with high-MRP expression and poor survival outcomes. In the mouse model, hepatocyte-specific disruption of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein CRIF1 revealed the impact of mitoribosomal dysfunction on liver cancer progression. Crif1 deficiency promoted programmed cell death protein 1 expression by immune cells in the hepatic tumor microenvironment. A [U-13C6]-glucose tracer demonstrated enhanced glucose entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and lactate production in mice with mitoribosomal defects during cancer progression. Mice with hepatic mitoribosomal defects also exhibited enhanced progression of liver cancer accompanied by highly exhausted tumor-infiltrating T cells. Crif1 deficiency induced an environment unfavorable to T cells, leading to exhaustion of T cells via elevation of reactive oxygen species and lactate production. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic mitoribosomal defects promote glucose partitioning toward glycolytic flux and lactate synthesis, leading to T cell exhaustion and cancer progression. Overall, the results suggest a distinct role for mitoribosomes in regulating the immunometabolic microenvironment during HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong-Sop Song
- Department of Core Laboratory of Translational Research, Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byeong Chang Sim
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seok-Hwan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kang
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jung Tae Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ha Thi Nga
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Rui Benfeitas
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yeongmin Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (GAIHST), Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Robert R Wolfe
- Department of Geriatrics, the Center for Translational Research in Aging & Longevity, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Hyuk Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sunjae Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Il-Young Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (GAIHST), Incheon, South Korea .,Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Department of Core Laboratory of Translational Research, Biomedical Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea .,Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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12
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Xiao MH, Lin YF, Xie PP, Chen HX, Deng JW, Zhang W, Zhao N, Xie C, Meng Y, Liu X, Zhuang SM, Zhu Y, Fang JH. Downregulation of a mitochondrial micropeptide, MPM, promotes hepatoma metastasis by enhancing mitochondrial complex I activity. Mol Ther 2022; 30:714-725. [PMID: 34478872 PMCID: PMC8821931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We and others have shown that MPM (micropeptide in mitochondria) regulates myogenic differentiation and muscle development. However, the roles of MPM in cancer development remain unknown. Here we revealed that MPM was downregulated significantly in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and its decrease was associated with increased metastasis potential and HCC recurrence. Gain- and loss-of-function investigations disclosed that in vitro migration/invasion and in vivo liver/lung metastasis of hepatoma cells were repressed by restoring MPM expression and increased by silencing MPM. Mechanism investigations revealed that MPM interacted with NDUFA7. Mitochondrial complex I activity was inhibited by overexpressing MPM and enhanced by siMPM, and this effect of siMPM was attenuated by knocking down NDUFA7. The NAD+/NADH ratio, which was regulated by complex I, was reduced by MPM but increased by siMPM. Treatment with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide abrogated the inhibitory effect of MPM on hepatoma cell migration. Further investigations showed that miR-17-5p bound to MPM and inhibited MPM expression. miR-17-5p upregulation was associated with MPM downregulation in HCC tissues. These findings indicate that a decrease in MPM expression may promote hepatoma metastasis by increasing mitochondrial complex I activity and the NAD+/NADH ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Huan Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fang Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Peng Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Xing Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Wen Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Chen Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Yu Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Shi-Mei Zhuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China,Corresponding author: Shi-Mei Zhuang, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China.
| | - Ying Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China,Corresponding author: Ying Zhu, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China.
| | - Jian-Hong Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China,Corresponding author: Jian-Hong Fang, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Xin Gang Xi Road #135, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China.
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13
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MRPS31 loss is a key driver of mitochondrial deregulation and hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1076. [PMID: 34772924 PMCID: PMC8589861 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Deregulated mitochondrial energetics is a metabolic hallmark of cancer cells. However, the causative mechanism of the bioenergetic deregulation is not clear. In this study, we show that somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) of mitoribosomal protein (MRP) genes is a key mechanism of bioenergetic deregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Association analysis between the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of 82 MRPs using The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver HCC database identified eight key SCNA-dependent MRPs: MRPS31, MRPL10, MRPL21, MRPL15, MRPL13, MRPL55, and DAP3. MRPS31 was the only downregulated MRP harboring a DNA copy number (DCN) loss. MRPS31 loss was associated specifically with the DCN losses of many genes on chromosome 13q. Survival analysis revealed a unique dependency of HCC on the MRPS31 deficiency, showing poor clinical outcome. Subclass prediction analysis using several public classifiers indicated that MRPS31 loss is linked to aggressive HCC phenotypes. By employing hepatoma cell lines with SCNA-dependent MRPS31 expression (JHH5, HepG2, Hep3B, and SNU449), we demonstrated that MRPS31 deficiency is the key mechanism, disturbing the whole mitoribosome assembly. MRPS31 suppression enhanced hepatoma cell invasiveness by augmenting MMP7 and COL1A1 expression. Unlike the action of MMP7 on extracellular matrix destruction, COL1A1 modulated invasiveness via the ZEB1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Finally, MRPS31 expression further stratified the high COL1A1/DDR1-expressing HCC groups into high and low overall survival, indicating that MRPS31 loss is a promising prognostic marker. SIGNIFICANCE: Our results provide new mechanistic insight for mitochondrial deregulation in HCC and present MRPS31 as a novel biomarker of HCC malignancy.
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14
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Mitochondrial Metabolic Signatures in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081901. [PMID: 34440674 PMCID: PMC8391498 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. HCC progression and metastasis are closely related to altered mitochondrial metabolism, including mitochondrial stress responses, metabolic reprogramming, and mitoribosomal defects. Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) defects and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. In response to oxidative stress caused by increased ROS production, misfolded or unfolded proteins can accumulate in the mitochondrial matrix, leading to initiation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). The mitokines FGF21 and GDF15 are upregulated during UPRmt and their levels are positively correlated with liver cancer development, progression, and metastasis. In addition, mitoribosome biogenesis is important for the regulation of mitochondrial respiration, cell viability, and differentiation. Mitoribosomal defects cause OXPHOS impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased production of ROS, which are associated with HCC progression in mouse models and human HCC patients. In this paper, we focus on the role of mitochondrial metabolic signatures in the development and progression of HCC. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous mitochondrial stress responses during HCC progression and metastasis.
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15
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Augello G, Emma MR, Azzolina A, Puleio R, Condorelli L, Cusimano A, Giannitrapani L, McCubrey JA, Iovanna JL, Cervello M. The NUPR1/p73 axis contributes to sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:250-262. [PMID: 34314755 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib was the first drug approved by the FDA for treating patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, sorafenib resistance remains a major challenge for improving the effectiveness of HCC treatment. Previously, we identified several genes modulated after sorafenib treatment of human HCC cells, including the stress-inducible nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) gene. Multiple studies have shown that NUPR1 regulates autophagy, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of HCC cells with sorafenib resulted in the activation of autophagic flux. NUPR1 knock-down (KD) in HCC cells was associated with increased p62 expression, suggesting an impairment of autophagic flux, and with a significant increase of cell sensitivity to sorafenib. In NUPR1 KD cells, reduced levels of NUPR1 were associated with the increased expression of p73 as well as its downstream transcription targets PUMA, NOXA, and p21. Simultaneous silencing of p73 and NUPR1 in HCC cells resulted in increased resistance to sorafenib, as compared to the single KD of either gene. Conversely, pharmacological activation of p73, via the novel p73 small molecule activator NSC59984, determined synergistic anti-tumor effects in sorafenib-treated HCC cells. The combination of NSC59984 and sorafenib, when compared to either treatment alone, synergistically suppressed tumor growth of HCC cells in vivo. Our data suggest that the activation of the p73 pathway achieved by NUPR1 KD potentiates sorafenib-induced anti-tumor effects in HCC cells. Moreover, combined pharmacological therapy with the p73 activator NSC59984 and sorafenib could represent a novel approach for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Augello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Emma
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonina Azzolina
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberto Puleio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Condorelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Cusimano
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lydia Giannitrapani
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy; Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - James A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Melchiorre Cervello
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy.
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16
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Huang C, Santofimia-Castaño P, Iovanna J. NUPR1: A Critical Regulator of the Antioxidant System. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153670. [PMID: 34359572 PMCID: PMC8345110 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is activated in cellular stress and is expressed at high levels in cancer cells. Much evidence has been gathered supporting its critical role in regulating the antioxidant system. Our review aims to summarize the literature data on the impact of NUPR1 on the oxidative stress response via such a regulatory role and how its inhibition induces reactive oxygen species-mediated cell death, such as ferroptosis. Abstract Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) is a small intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) activated in response to various types of cellular stress, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are mainly produced during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, and directly impact redox homeostasis and oxidative stress. Ferroptosis is a ROS-dependent programmed cell death driven by an iron-mediated redox reaction. Substantial evidence supports a maintenance role of the stress-inducible protein NUPR1 on cancer cell metabolism that confers chemotherapeutic resistance by upregulating mitochondrial function-associated genes and various antioxidant genes in cancer cells. NUPR1, identified as an antagonist of ferroptosis, plays an important role in redox reactions. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism behind the observed impact of NUPR1 on mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, iron metabolism, and the antioxidant system. The therapeutic potential of genetic or pharmacological inhibition of NUPR1 in cancer is also discussed. Understanding the role of NUPR1 in the antioxidant system and the mechanisms behind its regulation of ferroptosis may promote the development of more efficacious strategies for cancer therapy.
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17
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Kripnerová M, Parmar HS, Šána J, Kopková A, Radová L, Sopper S, Biernacki K, Jedlička J, Kohoutová M, Kuncová J, Peychl J, Rudolf E, Červinka M, Houdek Z, Dvořák P, Houfková K, Pešta M, Tůma Z, Dolejšová M, Tichánek F, Babuška V, Leba M, Slabý O, Hatina J. Complex Interplay of Genes Underlies Invasiveness in Fibrosarcoma Progression Model. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112297. [PMID: 34070472 PMCID: PMC8197499 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumours, with a great variability in their clinical behaviour. While our knowledge of sarcoma initiation has advanced rapidly in recent years, relatively little is known about mechanisms of sarcoma progression. JUN-murine fibrosarcoma progression series consists of four sarcoma cell lines, JUN-1, JUN-2, JUN-2fos-3, and JUN-3. JUN-1 and -2 were established from a single tumour initiated in a H2K/v-jun transgenic mouse, JUN-3 originates from a different tumour in the same animal, and JUN-2fos-3 results from a targeted in vitro transformation of the JUN-2 cell line. The JUN-1, -2, and -3 cell lines represent a linear progression from the least transformed JUN-2 to the most transformed JUN-3, with regard to all the transformation characteristics studied, while the JUN-2fos-3 cell line exhibits a unique transformation mode, with little deregulation of cell growth and proliferation, but pronounced motility and invasiveness. The invasive sarcoma sublines JUN-2fos-3 and JUN-3 show complex metabolic profiles, with activation of both mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis and a significant increase in spared respiratory capacity. The specific transcriptomic profile of invasive sublines features very complex biological relationships across the identified genes and proteins, with accentuated autocrine control of motility and angiogenesis. Pharmacologic inhibition of one of the autocrine motility factors identified, Ccl8, significantly diminished both motility and invasiveness of the highly transformed fibrosarcoma cell. This progression series could be greatly valuable for deciphering crucial aspects of sarcoma progression and defining new prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kripnerová
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Hamendra Singh Parmar
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Šána
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Kopková
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Radová
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sieghart Sopper
- Internal Medicine V, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Biernacki
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Jan Jedlička
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kohoutová
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Kuncová
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Peychl
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Emil Rudolf
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Červinka
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zbyněk Houdek
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Dvořák
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Houfková
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pešta
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Tůma
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Dolejšová
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Tichánek
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Babuška
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 301 66 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Leba
- Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of West Bohemia in Pilsen, 301 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Slabý
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Hatina
- Institute of Biology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic
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18
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Jiang L, Wang W, Li Z, Zhao Y, Qin Z. NUPR1 participates in YAP-mediate gastric cancer malignancy and drug resistance via AKT and p21 activation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:740-748. [PMID: 33793788 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) level in human gastric cancer (GC) cells, explore the effects of NUPR1 on GC progression, and investigate the possible regulatory mechanism. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoblot and quantitative PCR assays were conducted to detect the NUPR1 level in human GC tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Also, NUPR1 expression level correlates with clinical features of GC patients. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT), transwell assays, Immunoblot assays, and flow cytometry (FCM) assays were used to evaluate the effects of NUPR1 on the proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and apoptosis of GC cells in vitro. Immunoblot assays were performed to detect the potential mechanism in NUPR1-mediated drug resistance. KEY FINDINGS We found the expression of NUPR1 was upregulated in human gastric cancer tissues and correlated with the clinical features including tumour size, tumour stage and, lymph node metastasis. We further noticed that the depletion of NUPR1 inhibited the invasion and EMT of gastric cancer cells and stimulated the apoptosis. In doxorubicin-resistant gastric cancer cells, yes-associated protein (YAP) activation was up-regulated, and YAP could regulate the expression of NUPR1 to affect drug-resistance. We further provided the evidence that overexpression of NUPR1 reversed the effect of YAP knockdown on cell malignancy and drug resistance via regulating AKT and p21 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated the involvement of NUPR1 in the progression of gastric cancer and elucidated its molecular mechanism in regulating drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jiang
- Acute Abdominal Surgery Ward, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Acute Abdominal Surgery Ward, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhanwu Li
- Acute Abdominal Surgery Ward, Affiliated ZhongShan Hospital Dalian University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhensheng Qin
- General Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, China
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19
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Wang L, Sun J, Yin Y, Sun Y, Ma J, Zhou R, Chang X, Li D, Yao Z, Tian S, Zhang K, Liu Z, Ma Z. Transcriptional coregualtor NUPR1 maintains tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:149. [PMID: 33542201 PMCID: PMC7862277 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03442-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To support cellular homeostasis and mitigate chemotherapeutic stress, cancer cells must gain a series of adaptive intracellular processes. Here we identify that NUPR1, a tamoxifen (Tam)-induced transcriptional coregulator, is necessary for the maintenance of Tam resistance through physical interaction with ESR1 in breast cancers. Mechanistically, NUPR1 binds to the promoter regions of several genes involved in autophagy process and drug resistance such as BECN1, GREB1, RAB31, PGR, CYP1B1, and regulates their transcription. In Tam-resistant ESR1 breast cancer cells, NUPR1 depletion results in premature senescence in vitro and tumor suppression in vivo. Moreover, enforced-autophagic flux augments cytoplasmic vacuolization in NUPR1-depleted Tam resistant cells, which facilitates the transition from autophagic survival to premature senescence. Collectively, these findings suggest a critical role for NUPR1 as a transcriptional coregulator in enabling endocrine persistence of breast cancers, thus providing a vulnerable diagnostic and/or therapeutic target for endocrine resistance.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/pharmacology
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Binding Sites
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cellular Senescence/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/genetics
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Tamoxifen/pharmacology
- Transcription, Genetic
- Transcriptome
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiashen Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yueyuan Yin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyi Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruimin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinzhong Chang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenyi Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Immunology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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20
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Liu J, Song X, Kuang F, Zhang Q, Xie Y, Kang R, Kroemer G, Tang D. NUPR1 is a critical repressor of ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:647. [PMID: 33510144 PMCID: PMC7843652 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent regulated cell death, representing an emerging disease-modulatory mechanism. Transcription factors play multiple roles in ferroptosis, although the key regulator for ferroptosis in iron metabolism remains elusive. Using NanoString technology, we identify NUPR1, a stress-inducible transcription factor, as a driver of ferroptosis resistance. Mechanistically, NUPR1-mediated LCN2 expression blocks ferroptotic cell death through diminishing iron accumulation and subsequent oxidative damage. Consequently, LCN2 depletion mimics NUPR1 deficiency with respect to ferroptosis induction, whereas transfection-enforced re-expression of LCN2 restores resistance to ferroptosis in NUPR1-deficient cells. Pharmacological or genetic blockade of the NUPR1-LCN2 pathway (using NUPR1 shRNA, LCN2 shRNA, pancreas-specific Lcn2 conditional knockout mice, or the small molecule ZZW-115) increases the activity of the ferroptosis inducer erastin and worsens pancreatitis, in suitable mouse models. These findings suggest a link between NUPR1-regulated iron metabolism and ferroptosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou Medical University, 510600, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Feimei Kuang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou Medical University, 510600, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuhong Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Yangchun Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006, Paris, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1138, Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75006, Paris, France.
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 94800, Villejuif, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015, Paris, France.
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Daolin Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, Guangzhou Medical University, 510600, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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21
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Jiang G, Liu Q, Kato T, Miao H, Gao X, Liu K, Chen S, Sakamoto N, Kuno T, Fang Y. Role of mitochondrial complex III/IV in the activation of transcription factor Rst2 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Microbiol 2021; 115:1323-1338. [PMID: 33400299 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play essential roles in eukaryotic cells for glucose metabolism to produce ATP. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, transcription factor Rst2 can be activated upon glucose deprivation. However, the link between Rst2 and mitochondrial function remains elusive. Here, we monitored Rst2 transcriptional activity in living cells using a Renilla luciferase reporter system, and found that inhibition of mitochondrial complex III/IV caused cells to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), which in turn activated Rst2. Furthermore, Rst2-GFP was observed to translocate from cytoplasm to nucleus upon mitochondrial complex III/IV inhibitors treatment, and deletion of genes associated with complex III/IV resulted in delayed process of Rst2-GFP nuclear exportation under glucose-rich condition. In particular, we found that Rst2 was phosphorylated following the treatment of complex III/IV inhibitors or SNAP. Altogether, our findings suggest that mitochondrial complex III/IV participates in the activation of Rst2 through ROS and NO generation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglie Jiang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Toshiaki Kato
- Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hao Miao
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Norihiro Sakamoto
- Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kuno
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Division of Food and Drug Evaluation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yue Fang
- Department of Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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22
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Anti-Stem Cell Property of Pterostilbene in Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249347. [PMID: 33302440 PMCID: PMC7762551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTE) is a natural sterbenoid contained in blueberries that has an antioxidant effect. In contrast, PTE also generates oxidative stress in cancer cells and provides an antitumor effect. Here, we examined the potential mechanism of this contrasting effect of PTE using three gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, namely CT26, HT29, and MKN74. PTE showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, sphere-forming ability, and stem cell marker expression in all three cell lines. Furthermore, the cells treated with PTE showed an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid peroxide. Upon concurrent treatment with vitamin E, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and PTE, the PTE-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and growth inhibition were suppressed. These findings indicate that PTE induces oxidative stress in cancer cells, suppresses stemness, and inhibits proliferation. These antitumor effects of PTE are considered to be useful in cancer treatment.
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23
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Mansour SMA, Ali SA, Nofal S, Soror SH. Targeting NUPR1 for Cancer Treatment: A Risky Endeavor. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:768-778. [PMID: 32619170 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200703152523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
NUPR1 is a transcription factor that has attracted great attention because of its various roles in cancer. Several studies were carried out to determine its molecular targets and mechanism of action to develop novel therapies against cancer. Here, we shed light on the role of NUPR1 in different types of cancer. NUPR1 regulates a complex network of pathways that may be affected by its silencing, which can cause varying effects. Its role in some types of cancer has been reported but remains incompletely understood, whereas its roles in other types of cancers have not been reported yet. Therefore, targeting NUPR1 for cancer treatment remains challenging and risky.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M A Mansour
- Egyptian Patent Office, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 101 Kaser Al-Ainy Street, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Shaira Nofal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Sameh H Soror
- Egyptian Patent Office, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), 101 Kaser Al-Ainy Street, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Helwan Cairo 11795, Egypt
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24
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Mitochondrial Respiratory Defect Enhances Hepatoma Cell Invasiveness via STAT3/NFE2L1/STX12 Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092632. [PMID: 32942643 PMCID: PMC7565734 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondria are essential organelles responsible for aerobic ATP production in eukaryotes. However, many solid tumor cells harbor an impaired mitochondrial ATP production system: oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The aim of this study was to elucidate the involvement of the mitochondrial OXPHOS defect in cancer cell activity, especially focusing on hepatoma cell invasiveness. We demonstrated that NADH:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Subunit A9 (NDUFA9) depletion was an upstream driver of the OXPHOS defect and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 like 1 (NFE2L1) upregulation in HCC tumors. NFE2L1 is the key transcription factor to enhance hepatoma cell invasiveness via STX12 expression. Our study presents a novel mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated retrograde signaling pathway and the resulting transcriptomic reprogramming in liver cancer progression, providing the NDUFA9/NFE2L1/STX12 axis as a key prognostic marker of aggressive liver cancer with mitochondrial defects. Abstract Mitochondrial respiratory defects have been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis, but how they control tumor cell aggressiveness remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a mitochondrial respiratory defect induces nuclear factor-erythroid 2 like 1 (NFE2L1) expression at the transcriptional level via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated STAT3 activation. We identified syntaxin 12 (STX12) as an effective downstream target of NFE2L1 by performing cDNA microarray analysis after the overexpression and depletion of NFE2L1 in hepatoma cells. Bioinformatics analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) open database (n = 371) also revealed a significant positive association (r = 0.3, p = 2.49 × 10−9) between NFE2L1 and STX12 expression. We further demonstrated that STX12 is upregulated through the ROS/STAT3/NFE2L1 axis and is a key downstream effector of NFE2L1 in modulating hepatoma cell invasiveness. In addition, gene enrichment analysis of TCGA-LIHC also showed that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related core genes are significantly upregulated in tumors co-expressing NFE2L1 and STX12. The positive association between NFE2L1 and STX12 expression was validated by immunohistochemistry of the hepatocellular carcinoma tissue array. Finally, higher EMT gene enrichment and worse overall survival (p = 0.043) were observed in the NFE2L1 and STX12 co-expression group with mitochondrial defect, as indicated by low NDUFA9 expression. Collectively, our results indicate that NFE2L1 is a key mitochondrial retrograde signaling-mediated primary gene product enhancing hepatoma cell invasiveness via STX12 expression and promoting liver cancer progression.
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25
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Kwon SM, Lee YK, Min S, Woo HG, Wang HJ, Yoon G. Mitoribosome Defect in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Promotes an Aggressive Phenotype with Suppressed Immune Reaction. iScience 2020; 23:101247. [PMID: 32629612 PMCID: PMC7306587 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes), the specialized translational machinery for mitochondrial genes, exclusively encode the subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Although OXPHOS dysfunctions are associated with hepatic disorders including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), their underlying mechanisms remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of mitoribosome defects on OXPHOS and HCC progression. By generating a gene signature from HCC transcriptome data, we developed a scoring system, i.e., mitoribosome defect score (MDS), which represents the degree of mitoribosomal defects in cancers. The MDS showed close associations with the clinical outcomes of patients with HCC and with gene functions such as oxidative phosphorylation, cell-cycle activation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. By analyzing immune profiles, we observed that mitoribosomal defects are also associated with immunosuppression and evasion. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the roles of mitoribosome defects in HCC progression. A set of down-regulated MRPs in HCC cause mitoribosomal defects Mitoribosomal defects are linked to aggressive molecular features and poor prognosis Mitoribosomal defects in HCC are associated with immunosuppression and evasion TGF-β signaling pathway is a crucial mechanism to mediate mitoribosomal defects in HCC
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Affiliation(s)
- So Mee Kwon
- Departments of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; Departments of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Young-Kyoung Lee
- Departments of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Seongki Min
- Departments of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Woo
- Departments of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Wang
- Departments of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Gyesoon Yoon
- Departments of Biochemistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.
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26
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Lan W, Santofimia-Castaño P, Xia Y, Zhou Z, Huang C, Fraunhoffer N, Barea D, Cervello M, Giannitrapani L, Montalto G, Peng L, Iovanna J. Targeting NUPR1 with the small compound ZZW-115 is an efficient strategy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 486:8-17. [PMID: 32446862 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
HCC is a highly lethal malignancy with Sorafenib as the only molecularly targeted drug. The multifunctional stress-associated protein, NUPR1, plays an essential role in controlling cell growth, migration, invasion and Sorafenib resistance in HCC. We report here that NUPR1 expression is absent in healthy liver and it is progressively upregulated in HCC premalignant lesions such as hepatitis and cirrhosis with a maximum expression in HCC samples, highlighting that NUPR1 is a potential drug target for HCC. We therefore assessed in this work, ZZW-115, a strong inhibitor of NUPR1, as a promising candidate for the treatment of HCC. We validated its extraordinary antitumor effect on HCC by using two HCC cell lines, HepG2-and Hep3B, both in cell based experiments and xenografted mice. We further revealed that ZZW-115 treatment induced cell death by apoptosis and necroptosis mechanisms, with a concomitant mitochondrial metabolism failure that triggers lower ATP production. Furthermore, the ATP depletion cannot be rescued by the apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK and/or the necrosis inhibitor Necrostatin-1, indicating that ZZW-115 induces cell death through the mitochondrial failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Lan
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, «Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Patricia Santofimia-Castaño
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Yi Xia
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No.55 Daxuecheng South Road, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No.55 Daxuecheng South Road, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Can Huang
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Fraunhoffer
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dolores Barea
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Melchiore Cervello
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedicale (IRIB), Palermo, Italy
| | - Lydia Giannitrapani
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ling Peng
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille, UMR 7325, «Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer», Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Juan Iovanna
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM U1068, CNRS UMR 7258, Aix-Marseille Université and Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, 163 Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France.
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27
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Hummitzsch K, Hatzirodos N, Macpherson AM, Schwartz J, Rodgers RJ, Irving-Rodgers HF. Transcriptome analyses of ovarian stroma: tunica albuginea, interstitium and theca interna. Reproduction 2020; 157:545-565. [PMID: 30925461 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The ovary has specialised stromal compartments, including the tunica albuginea, interstitial stroma and theca interna, which develops concurrently with the follicular antrum. To characterise the molecular determinants of these compartments, stroma adjacent to preantral follicles (pre-theca), interstitium and tunica albuginea were laser microdissected (n = 4 per group) and theca interna was dissected from bovine antral follicles (n = 6). RNA microarray analysis showed minimal differences between interstitial stroma and pre-theca, and these were combined for some analyses and referred to as stroma. Genes significantly upregulated in theca interna compared to stroma included INSL3, LHCGR, HSD3B1, CYP17A1, ALDH1A1, OGN, POSTN and ASPN. Quantitative RT-PCR showed significantly greater expression of OGN and LGALS1 in interstitial stroma and theca interna versus tunica and greater expression of ACD in tunica compared to theca interna. PLN was significantly higher in interstitial stroma compared to tunica and theca. Ingenuity pathway, network and upstream regulator analyses were undertaken. Cell survival was also upregulated in theca interna. The tunica albuginea was associated with GPCR and cAMP signalling, suggesting tunica contractility. It was also associated with TGF-β signalling and increased fibrous matrix. Western immunoblotting was positive for OGN, LGALS1, ALDH1A1, ACD and PLN with PLN and OGN highly expressed in tunica and interstitial stroma (each n = 6), but not in theca interna from antral follicles (n = 24). Immunohistochemistry localised LGALS1 and POSTN to extracellular matrix and PLN to smooth muscle cells. These results have identified novel differences between the ovarian stromal compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Hummitzsch
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas Hatzirodos
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anne M Macpherson
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jeff Schwartz
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Raymond J Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Helen F Irving-Rodgers
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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28
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Li T, Zhang G, Wang L, Li S, Xu X, Gao Y. Defects in mTORC1 Network and mTORC1-STAT3 Pathway Crosstalk Contributes to Non-inflammatory Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:225. [PMID: 32363190 PMCID: PMC7182440 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is frequently hyperactivated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cases of HCC without inflammation and cirrhosis are not rarely seen in clinics. However, the molecular basis of non-inflammatory HCC remains unclear. Methods Spontaneous non-inflammatory HCC in mice was triggered by constitutive elevation of mTORC1 by liver-specific TSC1 knockout (LTsc1KO). A multi-omics approach was utilized on tumor tissues to better understand the molecular basis for the development of HCC in the LTsc1KO model. Results We showed that LTsc1KO in mice triggered spontaneous non-inflammatory HCC, with molecular characteristics similar to those of diethylnitrosamine-mediated non-cirrhotic HCC. Mitochondrial and autophagy defects, as well as hepatic metabolic disorder were manifested in HCC development by LTsc1KO. mTORC1 activation on its own regulated an oncogenic network (DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4, nuclear protein 1, and fibroblast growth factor 21), and mTORC1-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway crosstalk that altered specific metabolic pathways contributed to the development of non-inflammatory HCC. Conclusion Our findings reveal the mechanisms of mTORC1-driven non-inflammatory HCC and provide insight into further development of a protective strategy against non-inflammatory HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.,Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Susu Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Artificial Organs and Tissue Engineering Centre of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Artificial Organs and Tissue Engineering Centre of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Mori T, Ohmori H, Luo Y, Mori S, Miyagawa Y, Nukaga S, Goto K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Kishi S, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Kawahara I, Kuniyasu H. Giving combined medium-chain fatty acids and glucose protects against cancer-associated skeletal muscle atrophy. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:3391-3399. [PMID: 31432554 PMCID: PMC6778650 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle volume is associated with prognosis of cancer patients. Maintenance of skeletal muscle is an essential concern in cancer treatment. In nutritional intervention, it is important to focus on differences in metabolism between tumor and skeletal muscle. We examined the influence of oral intake of glucose (0%, 10%, 50%) and 2% medium‐chain fatty acid (lauric acid, LAA, C12:0) on tumor growth and skeletal muscle atrophy in mouse peritoneal metastasis models using CT26 mouse colon cancer cells and HT29 human colon cancer cells. After 2 weeks of experimental breeding, skeletal muscle and tumor were removed and analyzed. Glucose intake contributed to prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in a sugar concentration‐dependent way and also promoted tumor growth. LAA ingestion elevated the level of skeletal muscle protein and suppressed tumor growth by inducing tumor‐selective oxidative stress production. When a combination of glucose and LAA was ingested, skeletal muscle mass increased and tumor growth was suppressed. Our results confirmed that although glucose is an important nutrient for the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy, it may also foster tumor growth. However, the ingestion of LAA inhibited tumor growth, and its combination with glucose promoted skeletal muscle integrity and function, without stimulating tumor growth. These findings suggest novel strategies for the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hanna Central Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Key Laboratory for Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu Province and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyagawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hanna Central Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Shota Nukaga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hanna Central Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hoshida Minami Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hanna Central Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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30
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Cai J, Tong Y, Huang L, Xia L, Guo H, Wu H, Kong X, Xia Q. Identification and validation of a potent multi-mRNA signature for the prediction of early relapse in hepatocellular carcinoma. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:840-852. [PMID: 31059567 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is implicated in poor patient survival and is the major obstacle to improving prognosis. The current staging systems are insufficient for accurate prediction of early recurrence, suggesting that additional indicators for early recurrence are needed. Here, by analyzing the gene expression profiles of 12 Gene Expression Omnibus data sets (n = 1533), we identified 257 differentially expressed genes between HCC and non-tumor tissues. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to identify a 24-messenger RNA (mRNA)-based signature in discovery cohort GSE14520. With specific risk score formula, patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Recurrence-free survival within 2 years (early-RFS) was significantly different between these two groups in discovery cohort [hazard ratio (HR): 7.954, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.596–13.767, P < 0.001], internal validation cohort (HR: 8.693, 95% CI: 4.029–18.754, P < 0.001) and external validation cohort (HR: 5.982, 95% CI: 3.414–10.480, P < 0.001). Multivariable and subgroup analyses revealed that the 24-mRNA-based classifier was an independent prognostic factor for predicting early relapse of patients with HCC. We further developed a nomogram integrating the 24-mRNA-based signature and clinicopathological risk factors to predict the early-RFS. The 24-mRNA-signature-integrated nomogram showed good discrimination (concordance index: 0.883, 95% CI: 0.836–0.929) and calibration. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the 24-mRNA-signature-integrated nomogram was clinically useful. In conclusion, our 24-mRNA signature is a powerful tool for early-relapse prediction and will facilitate individual management of HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifeng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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31
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Chen CY, Wu SM, Lin YH, Chi HC, Lin SL, Yeh CT, Chuang WY, Lin KH. Induction of nuclear protein-1 by thyroid hormone enhances platelet-derived growth factor A mediated angiogenesis in liver cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:2361-2379. [PMID: 31149049 PMCID: PMC6531305 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Many studies indicate that disruption of cellular thyroid hormone signaling promotes HCC progression. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of genes downstream of thyroid hormone actions in HCC have remained elusive. In the current study, we identified NUPR1 (nuclear protein-1), a stress-induced protein that overexpresses in various neoplasia, is upregulated by triiodothyronine/thyroid hormone receptor (T3/TR) signaling and aimed to elucidate its role in angiogenesis in cancer progression. Methods: Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, luciferase promoter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed to identify the NUPR1 regulatory mechanism by T3/TR. In vitro and In vivo vascular formations were performed to detect the angiogenic function of NUPR1. Human angiogenesis arrays were performed to identify the downstream angiogenic pathway. The sorafenib resistant ability of TR/NUPR1 was further examined in vitro and in vivo. Clinical relevance of TR, NUPR1 and platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGFA) were investigate in HCC samples using qRT-PCR and western blot. Results: Our experiments disclosed positive regulation of NUPR1 expression by T3/TR through direct binding to the -2066 to -1910 region of the NUPR1 promoter. Elevated NUPR1 and TR expression link to poor survival in clinical HCC specimens. An analysis of clinicopathological parameters showed that expression of NUPR1 is associated with vascular invasion and pathology stage. Functional studies revealed that NUPR1 induced endothelial cell angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Using a human angiogenesis array, we identified PDGFA as a target of NUPR1 in the downstream angiogenic pathway. NUPR1 induced transcription of PDGFA through direct binding to the corresponding promoter region, and inhibition of the PDGFA signaling pathway impaired angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Notably, the angiogenic effects of NUPR1/PDGFA were mediated by the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. TR/NUPR1 expression increased cell viability and resistance to sorafenib treatment. Moreover NUPR1 expression was positively correlated with TRα, TRβ, and PDGFA expression. Conclusions: We propose that the T3/TR/NUPR1/PDGFA/MEK/ERK axis has a vital role in hepatocarcinogenesis and suggest NUPR1 as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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32
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Hong SM, Lee YK, Park I, Kwon SM, Min S, Yoon G. Lactic acidosis caused by repressed lactate dehydrogenase subunit B expression down-regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation via the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)-PDH kinase axis. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:7810-7820. [PMID: 30923124 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial dysfunction are key metabolic features of cancer cells, but their interplay during cancer development remains unclear. We previously reported that human hepatoma cells with mitochondrial defects exhibit down-regulated lactate dehydrogenase subunit B (LDHB) expression. Here, using several molecular and biochemical assays and informatics analyses, we investigated how LDHB suppression regulates mitochondrial respiratory activity and contributes to liver cancer progression. We found that transcriptional LDHB down-regulation is an upstream event during suppressed oxidative phosphorylation. We also observed that LDHB knockdown increases inhibitory phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) via lactate-mediated PDH kinase (PDK) activation and thereby attenuates oxidative phosphorylation activity. Interestingly, monocarboxylate transporter 1 was the major lactate transporter in hepatoma cells, and its expression was essential for PDH phosphorylation by modulating intracellular lactate levels. Finally, bioinformatics analysis of the hepatocellular carcinoma cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed that a low LDHB/LDHA ratio is statistically significantly associated with poor prognostic outcomes. A low ratio was also associated with a significant enrichment in glycolysis genes and negatively correlated with PDK1 and 2 expression, supporting a close link between LDHB suppression and the PDK-PDH axis. These results suggest that LDHB suppression is a key mechanism that enhances glycolysis and is critically involved in the maintenance and propagation of mitochondrial dysfunction via lactate release in liver cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Hong
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and.,Biomedical Sciences (BK21 Plus), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | | | - Imkyong Park
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and.,Biomedical Sciences (BK21 Plus), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | | | - Seongki Min
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and.,Biomedical Sciences (BK21 Plus), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Gyesoon Yoon
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and .,Biomedical Sciences (BK21 Plus), Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
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33
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Nagahara R, Matono T, Sugihara T, Matsuki Y, Yamane M, Okamoto T, Miyoshi K, Nagahara T, Okano JI, Koda M, Isomoto H. Gene Expression Analysis of the Activating Factor 3/Nuclear Protein 1 Axis in a Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Mouse Model. Yonago Acta Med 2019. [PMID: 30962743 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) is a chronic liver disease related to metabolic syndrome that can progress to liver cirrhosis. The involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in NAFLD progression and the roles played by activating factor 3 (ATF3) and the downstream nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine the gene expression profiles around the ATF3/NUPR1 axis in relation to the development of NAFLD using novel mouse models. Methods Fatty liver Shionogi (FLS) mice (n = 12) as a NAFLD model and FLS-ob/ob mice (n = 28) as a NASH model were fed a standard diet. The FLS mice were sacrificed at 24 weeks of age as a control, whereas the FLS-ob/ob mice were sacrificed at 24, 36, and 48 weeks of age. Hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis were evaluated by biochemical, histological, and gene expression analyses. The expression levels of the ER-stress related genes Jun proto-oncogene (C-jun), Atf3, Nupr1, and C/EBP homologous protein (Chop) were measured in liver tissue. Apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results Control mice demonstrated hepatic steatosis alone without apparent fibrosis. On the other hand, FLS-ob/ob mice showed severe steatohepatitis at both 24 and 36 weeks of age and severe fibrosis at both 36 and 48 weeks of age. The expression levels of Atf3, Nupr-1, and C-jun significantly increased from 24 to 48 weeks of age in FLS-ob/ob mice compared with control mice. The expression level of Chop was already high in FLS mice and maintained similar levels in FLS-ob/ob mice; the expression level was consistent with the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells. Conclusion The ATF3/NUPR1 axis plays a pivotal role in NASH progression in association with C-jun and Chop and appears to induce apoptosis from early steatosis in the NASH model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Nagahara
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Matono
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sugihara
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yukako Matsuki
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Masafumi Yamane
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Okamoto
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kenichi Miyoshi
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takakazu Nagahara
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Okano
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koda
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hajime Isomoto
- Division of Medicine and Clinical Science, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Inactivation of NUPR1 promotes cell death by coupling ER-stress responses with necrosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16999. [PMID: 30451898 PMCID: PMC6242935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It was already described that genetic inhibition of NUPR1 induces tumor growth arrest. In this paper we studied the metabolism changes after NUPR1 downregulation in pancreatic cancer cells, which results in a significant decrease of OXPHOS activity with a concomitant lower ATP production which precedes the necrotic cell death. We demonstrated that NUPR1 downregulation induces a mitochondrial failure with a loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, a strong increase in ROS production and a concomitant relocalization of mitochondria to the vicinity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In addition, the transcriptomic analysis of NUPR1-deficient cells shows a decrease in the expression of some ER stress response-associated genes. Indeed, in ER stressors-treated cells with thapsigargin, brefeldin A or tunicamycin, a greater increase in necrosis and decrease of ATP content was observed in NUPR1-defficent cells. Finally, in vivo experiments, using acute pancreatitis which induces ER stress as well as NUPR1 activation, we observed that NUPR1 expression protects acinar cells from necrosis in mice. Importantly, we also report that the cell death observed after knocking-down NUPR1 expression is completely reversed by incubation with Necrostatin-1, but not by inhibiting caspase activity with Z-VAD-FMK. Altogether, these data enable us to describe a model in which inactivation of NUPR1 in pancreatic cancer cells results in an ER stress that induces a mitochondrial malfunction, a deficient ATP production and, as consequence, the cell death mediated by a programmed necrosis.
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35
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Dai W, Li Y, Mo S, Feng Y, Zhang L, Xu Y, Li Q, Cai G. A robust gene signature for the prediction of early relapse in stage I-III colon cancer. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:463-475. [PMID: 29377588 PMCID: PMC5891048 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer patients experiencing early relapse consistently exhibited poor survival. The aim of our study was to develop an mRNA signature that can help to detect early relapse cases in stage I-III colon cancer. Public microarray datasets of stage I-III colon cancer samples were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Propensity score matching analysis was performed between patients in the early relapse group and the long-term survival group from GSE39582 discovery series (N = 386), and patients were 1 : 1 matched. Global mRNA expression changes were then analyzed between the paired groups to identify the differentially expressed genes. Lasso Cox regression modeling analysis was conducted for the selection of prognostic mRNA. Fifteen mRNA were finally identified to build an early relapse classifier. With specific risk score formula, patients were classified into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Relapse-free survival was significantly different between the two groups in every series, including discovery [hazard ratio (HR): 2.547, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.708-3.797, P < 0.001)], internal validation (HR: 5.146, 95% CI: 1.968-13.457, P < 0.001), and external validation (HR: 1.977, 95% CI: 1.295-3.021, P < 0.001) sets of patients. Time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic at 1 year suggested more prognostic accuracy of the classifier [area under curve (AUC = 0.703)] than the American Joint Commission on Cancer tumor-node-metastasis staging system (AUC = 0.659) in all 951 patients. In conclusion, we developed a robust mRNA signature that can effectively classify colon cancer patients into groups with low and high risks of early relapse. This mRNA signature may help select high-risk colon cancer patients who require more aggressive therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
| | - Yaqi Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
| | - Shaobo Mo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Shanghai Medical College, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
| | - Guoxiang Cai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, China
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36
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Lee YK, Lim JJ, Jeoun UW, Min S, Lee EB, Kwon SM, Lee C, Yoon G. Lactate-mediated mitoribosomal defects impair mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and promote hepatoma cell invasiveness. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20208-20217. [PMID: 28978646 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.809012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity, accompanied by enhanced glycolysis, is a key metabolic feature of cancer cells, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Previously, we reported that human hepatoma cells that harbor OXPHOS defects exhibit high tumor cell invasiveness via elevated claudin-1 (CLN1). In the present study, we show that OXPHOS-defective hepatoma cells (SNU354 and SNU423 cell lines) exhibit reduced expression of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13 (MRPL13), a mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome) subunit, suggesting a ribosomal defect. Specific inhibition of mitoribosomal translation by doxycycline, chloramphenicol, or siRNA-mediated MRPL13 knockdown decreased mitochondrial protein expression, reduced oxygen consumption rate, and increased CLN1-mediated tumor cell invasiveness in SNU387 cells, which have active mitochondria. Interestingly, we also found that exogenous lactate treatment suppressed MRPL13 expression and oxygen consumption rate and induced CLN1 expression. A bioinformatic analysis of the open RNA-Seq database from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) cohort revealed a significant negative correlation between MRPL13 and CLN1 expression. Moreover, in patients with low MRPL13 expression, two oxidative metabolic indicators, pyruvate dehydrogenase B expression and the ratio of lactate dehydrogenase type B to type A, significantly and negatively correlated with CLN1 expression, indicating that the combination of elevated glycolysis and deficient MRPL13 activity was closely linked to CLN1-mediated tumor activity in LIHC. These results suggest that OXPHOS defects may be initiated and propagated by lactate-mediated mitoribosomal deficiencies and that these deficiencies are critically involved in LIHC development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin J Lim
- Departments of Biochemistry, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Un-Woo Jeoun
- Departments of Biochemistry, Suwon 16499, Korea; Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Seongki Min
- Departments of Biochemistry, Suwon 16499, Korea; Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Eun-Beom Lee
- Departments of Biochemistry, Suwon 16499, Korea; Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - So Mee Kwon
- Departments of Biochemistry, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Changhan Lee
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Gyesoon Yoon
- Departments of Biochemistry, Suwon 16499, Korea; Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea.
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Clawson GA, Matters GL, Xin P, McGovern C, Wafula E, dePamphilis C, Meckley M, Wong J, Stewart L, D’Jamoos C, Altman N, Imamura Kawasawa Y, Du Z, Honaas L, Abraham T. "Stealth dissemination" of macrophage-tumor cell fusions cultured from blood of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184451. [PMID: 28957348 PMCID: PMC5619717 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe isolation and characterization of macrophage-tumor cell fusions (MTFs) from the blood of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. The MTFs were generally aneuploidy, and immunophenotypic characterizations showed that the MTFs express markers characteristic of PDAC and stem cells, as well as M2-polarized macrophages. Single cell RNASeq analyses showed that the MTFs express many transcripts implicated in cancer progression, LINE1 retrotransposons, and very high levels of several long non-coding transcripts involved in metastasis (such as MALAT1). When cultured MTFs were transplanted orthotopically into mouse pancreas, they grew as obvious well-differentiated islands of cells, but they also disseminated widely throughout multiple tissues in "stealth" fashion. They were found distributed throughout multiple organs at 4, 8, or 12 weeks after transplantation (including liver, spleen, lung), occurring as single cells or small groups of cells, without formation of obvious tumors or any apparent progression over the 4 to 12 week period. We suggest that MTFs form continually during PDAC development, and that they disseminate early in cancer progression, forming "niches" at distant sites for subsequent colonization by metastasis-initiating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A. Clawson
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Gail L. Matters
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Ping Xin
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Christopher McGovern
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Eric Wafula
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Claude dePamphilis
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Morgan Meckley
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Joyce Wong
- Department of Surgery, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Luke Stewart
- Applications Support, Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Christopher D’Jamoos
- Applications Support, Fluidigm Corporation, South San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Naomi Altman
- Department of Statistics, Eberly College, UP, PSU, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Zhen Du
- Gittlen Cancer Research Laboratories and the Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center (HMC), Pennsylvania State University (PSU), Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Loren Honaas
- Department of Biology, Eberly College, University Park (UP), Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Neural & Behavioral Sciences and Microscopy Imaging Facility, HMC, PSU, Hershey, PA, United States of America
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38
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Mitochondrial retrograde signaling connects respiratory capacity to thermogenic gene expression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2013. [PMID: 28515438 PMCID: PMC5435730 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial respiration plays a crucial role in determining the metabolic state of brown adipose tissue (BAT), due to its direct roles in thermogenesis, as well as through additional mechanisms. Here, we show that respiration-dependent retrograde signaling from mitochondria to nucleus contributes to genetic and metabolic reprogramming of BAT. In mouse BAT, ablation of LRPPRC (LRP130), a potent regulator of mitochondrial transcription and respiratory capacity, triggers down-regulation of thermogenic genes, promoting a storage phenotype in BAT. This retrograde regulation functions by inhibiting the recruitment of PPARγ to the regulatory elements of thermogenic genes. Reducing cytosolic Ca2+ reverses the attenuation of thermogenic genes in brown adipocytes with impaired respiratory capacity, while induction of cytosolic Ca2+ is sufficient to attenuate thermogenic gene expression, indicating that cytosolic Ca2+ mediates mitochondria-nucleus crosstalk. Our findings suggest respiratory capacity governs thermogenic gene expression and BAT function via mitochondria-nucleus communication, which in turn leads to either a thermogenic or storage mode.
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Kadochi Y, Mori S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Luo Y, Nishiguchi Y, Kishi S, Fujii K, Ohmori H, Kuniyasu H. Remodeling of energy metabolism by a ketone body and medium-chain fatty acid suppressed the proliferation of CT26 mouse colon cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:673-680. [PMID: 28693220 PMCID: PMC5494726 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal and cancerous cells are suggested to have differential utilization of fatty acids and ketone bodies, which could be exploited in cancer therapy. The present study examined the effect of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-HBA), which is a ketone body generating acetyl-CoA, and lauric acid (LAA, C12:0), which is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid translocated to mitochondria in a carnitine-independent manner to produce acetyl-CoA, on the energy metabolism of mouse CT26 colon cancer cells. In CT26 cells expressing 3-HBA and LAA transporters, 3-HBA and LAA reduced cell proliferation, mitochondrial volume and lactate production, and increased oxidative stress, particularly in low-glucose conditions. Concurrent treatment with 3-HBA and LAA under glucose starvation had a synergistic effect on cell growth inhibition. In addition, LAA and LAA + 3-HBA promoted an imbalance in the expression of enzymes in the electron transport chain. These findings suggested that treatment with 3-HBA and/or LAA during glucose starvation may reprogram energy metabolism and decrease the proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Kadochi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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40
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de Conti A, Dreval K, Tryndyak V, Orisakwe OE, Ross SA, Beland FA, Pogribny IP. Inhibition of the Cell Death Pathway in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)-Related Hepatocarcinogenesis Is Associated with Histone H4 lysine 16 Deacetylation. Mol Cancer Res 2017; 15:1163-1172. [PMID: 28512251 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive human cancers, and its incidence is steadily increasing worldwide. Recent epidemiologic findings have suggested that the increased incidence of HCC is associated with obesity, type II diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the mechanisms and the molecular pathogenesis of NASH-related HCC are not fully understood. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the development of NASH-related HCC, we investigated the hepatic transcriptomic and histone modification profiles in Stelic Animal Model mice, the first animal model of NASH-related HCC to resemble the disease pathogenesis in humans. The results demonstrate that the development of NASH-related HCC is characterized by progressive transcriptomic alterations, global loss of histone H4 lysine 20 trimethylation (H4K20me3), and global and gene-specific deacetylation of histone H4 lysine 16 (H4K16). Pathway analysis of the entire set of differentially expressed genes indicated that the inhibition of cell death pathway was the most prominent alteration, and this was facilitated by persistent gene-specific histone H4K16 deacetylation. Mechanistically, deacetylation of histone H4K16 was associated with downregulation of lysine acetyltransferase KAT8, which was driven by overexpression of its inhibitor nuclear protein 1 (Nupr1). The results of this study identified a reduction of global and gene-specific histone H4K16 acetylation as a key pathophysiologic mechanism contributing to the development of NASH-derived HCC and emphasized the importance of epigenetic alterations as diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HCC.Implications: Histone H4K16 deacetylation induces silencing of genes related to the cell death that occurred during the development of NASH-related HCC. Mol Cancer Res; 15(9); 1163-72. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline de Conti
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Kostiantyn Dreval
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Volodymyr Tryndyak
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas.,Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Sharon A Ross
- Division of Cancer Prevention, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas.
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41
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Knockdown of NUPR1 inhibits the proliferation of glioblastoma cells via ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and caspase-3. J Neurooncol 2016; 132:15-26. [PMID: 28000106 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear protein-1 (NUPR1), located on chromosome 16p11.2, is a stress response factor that plays an important role in the growth and migration of human malignant tumor cells. However, the role of NUPR1 in glioblastoma remains poorly understood. The expression level of NUPR1 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Wound healing, MTT, cell counting and BrdU assays were used to analyze the migration and proliferation of glioblastoma cells after down-regulating NUPR1 expression using a lentiviral vector. FACS analysis and a signaling antibody array kit were used to detect the mechanism by which NUPR1 modulates cell cycle and apoptosis activities in glioblastoma cells. We confirmed that NUPR1 was up-regulated in glioblastoma tissues compared to NB tissues. Down-regulation of NUPR1 suppressed cell migration and proliferation, arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase and promoted apoptosis in U251 and U87 cells in vitro. Furthermore, the expression levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased upon silencing NUPR1 expression in U251 and U87 cells. In summary, NUPR1 plays an important role in the growth and migration of human glioblastoma cells. Knockdown of NUPR1 suppressed glioblastoma cell growth by arresting the cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis via decreases in the expression of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and caspase-3.
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Emma MR, Iovanna JL, Bachvarov D, Puleio R, Loria GR, Augello G, Candido S, Libra M, Gulino A, Cancila V, McCubrey JA, Montalto G, Cervello M. NUPR1, a new target in liver cancer: implication in controlling cell growth, migration, invasion and sorafenib resistance. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2269. [PMID: 27336713 PMCID: PMC5143401 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, is the only approved agent for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its benefits are modest, and as its mechanisms of action remain elusive, a better understanding of its anticancer effects is needed. Based on our previous study results, we investigated here the implication of the nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) in HCC and its role in sorafenib treatment. NUPR1 is a stress-inducible protein that is overexpressed in various malignancies, but its role in HCC is not yet fully understood. We found that NUPR1 expression was significantly higher in primary human HCC samples than in the normal liver. Knockdown of NUPR1 significantly increased cell sensitivity to sorafenib and inhibited the cell growth, migration and invasion of HCC cells, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, NUPR1 silencing influenced the expression of RELB and IER3 genes. Unsurprisingly, RELB and IER3 knockdown also inhibited HCC cell viability, growth and migration. Using gene expression profiling of HCC cells following stable NUPR1 knockdown, we found that genes functionally involved in cell death and survival, cellular response to therapies, lipid metabolism, cell growth and proliferation, molecular transport and cellular movement were mostly suppressed. Network analysis of dynamic gene expression identified NF-κB and ERK as downregulated gene nodes, and several HCC-related oncogenes were also suppressed. We identified Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) gene as a NUPR1-regulated gene and demonstrated that RUNX2 gene silencing inhibits HCC cell viability, growth, migration and increased cell sensitivity to sorafenib. We propose that the NUPR1/RELB/IER3/RUNX2 pathway has a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis. The identification of the NUPR1/RELB/IER3/RUNX2 pathway as a potential therapeutic target may contribute to the development of new treatment strategies for HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Emma
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy.,Biomedic Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties (DiBiMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - J L Iovanna
- INSERM UMR1068, Center of Research in Cancerology of Marseille (CRCM), Marseille, France
| | - D Bachvarov
- Cancer Research Centre, Hôpital L'Hotel-Dieu de Québec, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City (Quebec), Canada
| | - R Puleio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Laboratory, Palermo, Italy
| | - G R Loria
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia "A. Mirri", Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry Laboratory, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Augello
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy.,Biomedic Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties (DiBiMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - S Candido
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A Gulino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - V Cancila
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - J A McCubrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - G Montalto
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy.,Biomedic Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties (DiBiMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Cervello
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology "Alberto Monroy", National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
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