1
|
Reidl TW, Anderson LL. Divergent Functionalizations of Azetidines and Unsaturated Azetidines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W. Reidl
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. Chicago, IL USA
| | - Laura L. Anderson
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Illinois at Chicago 845 W. Taylor St. Chicago, IL USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Antermite D, Degennaro L, Luisi R. Recent advances in the chemistry of metallated azetidines. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:34-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01665k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The almost unexplored four-membered azetidines represent a particularly interesting class of molecules, among the family of saturated nitrogen heterocycles. This review reports recent developments in direct metal-based functionalization of the azetidine ring, focusing on the regio- and stereoselectivity of these reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Antermite
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences
- University of Bari
- Bari 70125
- Italy
| | | | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy – Drug Sciences
- University of Bari
- Bari 70125
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rayner PJ, Smith JC, Denneval C, O'Brien P, Clarke PA, Horan RAJ. Mechanistic interrogation of the asymmetric lithiation-trapping of N-thiopivaloyl azetidine and pyrrolidine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1354-7. [PMID: 26620913 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08690f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental mechanistic study of the s-BuLi/chiral diamine-mediated lithiation-trapping of N-thiopivaloyl azetidine and pyrrolidine is reported. We show that lithiated thiopivalamides are configurationally unstable at -78 °C. Reaction then proceeds via a dynamic resolution of diastereomeric lithiated intermediates and this accounts for the variable sense and degree of asymmetric induction observed compared to N-Boc heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Rayner
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Spangler JE, Kobayashi Y, Verma P, Wang DH, Yu JQ. α-Arylation of Saturated Azacycles and N-Methylamines via Palladium(II)-Catalyzed C(sp(3))-H Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:11876-9. [PMID: 26322957 PMCID: PMC4822695 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pd(II)-catalyzed α-C(sp(3))-H arylation of pyrrolidines, piperidines, azepanes, and N-methylamines with arylboronic acids has been developed for the first time. This transformation is applicable to wide arrays of pyrrolidines and boronic acids, including heteroaromatic boronic acids. A diastereoselective one-pot heterodiarylation of pyrrolidines has also been achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian E. Spangler
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Yoshihisa Kobayashi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Eisai Product Creation Systems, Eisai Co., Ltd, 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Pritha Verma
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Dong-Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moshkin VS, Buev EM, Sosnovskikh VY. Nonstabilized azomethine ylides as reagents for alkylaminomethylation of aromatic ketones via 5-aryloxazolidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Sosnovskikh VY, Kornev MY, Moshkin VS, Buev EM. Substituted chromones in [3+2] cycloadditions with nonstabilized azomethine ylides: synthesis of 1-benzopyrano[2,3-c]pyrrolidines and 1-benzopyrano[2,3-c:3,4-c′]dipyrrolidines. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Sosnovskikh VY, Kornev MY, Moshkin VS. 3-Cyanochromones in [3+2] cycloadditions with an azomethine ylide derived from sarcosine and formaldehyde. A short synthesis of 1-benzopyrano[2,3-c:3,4-c′]dipyrrolidines. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Seebach D. Erzeugung sekundärer, tertiärer und quartärer Zentren durch geminale Disubstitution von Carbonyl‐Sauerstoffatomen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201003823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Seebach
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH‐Zürich, Hönggerberg HCI H331, Wolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich (Schweiz), Fax: (+41) 44‐632‐1144 http://infosee.ethz.ch/seebach/seebach.html
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seebach D. Generation of Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Centers by Geminal Disubstitution of Carbonyl Oxygens. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 50:96-101. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201003823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Seebach
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, Departement für Chemie und Angewandte Biowissenschaften, ETH‐Zürich, Hönggerberg HCI H331, Wolfgang‐Pauli‐Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich (Schweiz), Fax: (+41) 44‐632‐1144 http://infosee.ethz.ch/seebach/seebach.html
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hodgson DM, Kloesges J. Lithiation-electrophilic substitution of N-thiopivaloylazetidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:2900-3. [PMID: 20235261 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The fourth protocol: the rarely studied N-thiopivaloyl group plays a crucial role in mediating efficient α lithiation and incorporation of diverse electrophiles onto an azetidine ring; in the presence of chiral ligands, this chemistry also provides the first example of an enantioselective electrophilic substitution on a four-membered ring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hodgson D, Kloesges J. Lithiation-Electrophilic Substitution of N-Thiopivaloylazetidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
12
|
Murai T, Michigami T, Yamaguchi M, Mizuhata N. Silylation and alkylation of thioamide dianions ofN-arylmethyl secondary thioamides, and reduction of the resulting thioamides leading to secondary and primary amines. J Sulphur Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17415990902774202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Murai
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tadashi Michigami
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mai Yamaguchi
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Noriko Mizuhata
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nain Singh K, Singh P, Kaur A. 4,5‐Dihydrothiazoline—A New Protecting and Activating Group for Generation of α‐Aminocarbanions of Secondary Amines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910600941331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Nain Singh
- a Department of Chemistry , Panjab University , Chandigarh, India
| | - Paramjit Singh
- a Department of Chemistry , Panjab University , Chandigarh, India
| | - Amarjit Kaur
- a Department of Chemistry , Panjab University , Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sugiyama S, Aoki Y, Ishii K. Enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes catalyzed by monosubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane-based N,O-ligands: remarkable cooperative effects of planar and central chiralities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Lohmann JJ, Seebach D, Syfrig MA, Yoshifuji M. Lithiiertes N-Pivaloyl-tetrahydroisochinolin - ein Supernucleophil. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19810930140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
16
|
Murai T, Sano H, Kawai H, Aso H, Shibahara F. N-Thioacyl 1,3-Amino Alcohols: Synthesis via Ring-Opening of Oxiranes with Thioamide Dianions and Applications as Key Intermediates Leading to Stereochemically Defined 5,6-Dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines and 1,3-Amino Alcohols. J Org Chem 2005; 70:8148-53. [PMID: 16277341 DOI: 10.1021/jo051378o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Thioacyl 1,3-amino alcohols were synthesized via the ring-opening of oxiranes with thioamide dianions generated from N-benzyl thioamides and BuLi in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner. The diastereomers of N-thioacyl 1,3-amino alcohols were readily separated by column chromatography to give stereochemically defined N-thioacyl 1,3-amino alcohols. They underwent intramolecular cyclization with Bu4F and EtI to give 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines. The reaction was specific with anti-N-thioacyl 1,3-amino alcohols, and cis-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-oxazines were obtained with high efficiency, whereas the reaction of a syn-alcohol gave a thioimidate as a major product. The reduction of N-thioacyl 1,3-amino alcohols with LiAlH4gave N-alkyl 1,3-amino alcohols in high yields. The use of optically active propylene oxide as a starting material gave the corresponding oxazine and alcohols in optically pure forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Seebach D, Ertas̨ M, Locher R, Bernd Schweizer W. Tritylketone und Tritylenone. Beiträge zur sterisch erzwungenenMichael-Addition und zur diastereoselektiven Aldol-Addition. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19850680133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
18
|
Seebach D, Kimmerlin T, Šebesta R, Campo MA, Beck AK. How we drifted into peptide chemistry and where we have arrived at. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
19
|
Murai T, Aso H, Tatematsu Y, Itoh Y, Niwa H, Kato S. Reaction and Characterization of Thioamide Dianions Derived from N-Benzyl Thioamides. J Org Chem 2003; 68:8514-9. [PMID: 14575479 DOI: 10.1021/jo034934s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thioamide dianions were generated by the highly efficient reaction of N-benzyl thioamides with 2 equiv of BuLi. Alkylation, allylation, and silylation took place selectively at the carbon atom adjacent to the nitrogen atom of the thioamide dianions. Oxiranes and an aldehyde were also used as electrophiles in the reaction of thioamide dianions to form N-thioacyl 1,3- or 1,2-amino alcohols. The insertion reaction of elemental sulfur to a thioamide dianion and subsequent ethylation afforded a N-thioacyl hemithioaminal. NMR studies on the thioamide mono- and dianions derived from N-benzyl 2-methoxythiobenzamide showed a linear relationship between the chemical shifts of all carbon atoms of thioamide mono- and dianions. The results also suggested that the negative charge at the benzylic carbon atom of the dianion is not fully delocalized. The charge distribution patterns of the dianion are consistent with those of pi polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Murai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido Gifu 501-1193 Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
Katritzky AR, Köditz J, Lang H. Benzotriazole stabilized lithium intermediates as a route to the elaboration of N-substituents in amides. Inorganica Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(94)03856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
25
|
Hornback JM, Murugaverl B. Alkylation of 2-azaallyl anions; a versatile primary amine synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)93488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
26
|
Hillhouse JH, Blair IA, Field L. THIONO COMPOUNDS, 7. OXIDATION OF THIOAMIDES IN RELATION TO ADVERSE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1080/03086648608083091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
27
|
Tsuge O, Tanaka J, Kanemasa S. Nucleophilic Aminomethylation of Aldehydes with α-Amino Alkylsilanes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1985. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.58.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
28
|
|
29
|
Shono T, Matsumura A, Kanazawa T. Stereoselective synthesis of (±)-conhydrine, (±)-ephedrine, and (±)-N-methylephedrine. Tetrahedron Lett 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)85960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
30
|
Seebach D, Lohmann JJ, Syfrig MA, Yoshifuji M. Alkylation of the isoquinoline skeleton in the 1-position. Tetrahedron 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)91914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
31
|
Seebach D, Beck AK, Mukhopadhyay T, Thomas E. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Nitroaldol Derivatives. Helv Chim Acta 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19820650402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
32
|
Bravo-Zhivotovskii DA, Pigarev SD, Vyazankina OA, Kalikhman ID, Vyazankin NS. Reaction of triethylgermyllithium with carboxylic acid N,N-dialkylamides. Russ Chem Bull 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00950038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Wykypiel W, Lohmann JJ, Seebach D. Lithiierung in ?-Stellung zum N-Atom von Triphenylacetamiden aus cyclischen sekund�ren Aminen. Umlagerung metallierter Triphenylacetamide unter 1,3-Verschiebung der Carbamoylgruppe. Helv Chim Acta 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19810640510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
35
|
Seebach D, Yoshifuji M. 2-Bis (dimethylamino)phosphinoyl-1-lithio-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. A highly nucleophilic d1-reagent for the preparation of 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines. Helv Chim Acta 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19810640305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
36
|
Lohmann JJ, Seebach D, Syfrig MA, Yoshifuji M. LithiatedN-pivaloyl-tetrahydroisoquinoline?a Supernuclephile. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.198101281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|