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Aiding a Better Understanding of Molybdopterin: Syntheses, Structures, and pKa Value Determinations of Varied Pterin-Derived Organic Scaffolds Including Oxygen, Sulfur and Phosphorus Bearing Substituents. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Paul S, Bhakat M, Guin J. Radical C−H Acylation of Nitrogen Heterocycles Induced by an Aerobic Oxidation of Aldehydes. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3154-3160. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Paul
- School of Chemical SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032 India
| | - Manotosh Bhakat
- School of Chemical SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032 India
| | - Joyram Guin
- School of Chemical SciencesIndian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata- 700032 India
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Siddaraju Y, Prabhu KR. Transition metal-free Minisci reaction promoted by NCS, and TBHP: acylation of heteroarenes. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ali W, Behera A, Guin S, Patel BK. Regiospecific Benzoylation of Electron-Deficient N-Heterocycles with Methylbenzenes via a Minisci-Type Reaction. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5625-32. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ali
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Ahalya Behera
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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Durairaju Nisshanthini S, Teresa Infanta S AK, Raja DS, Natarajan K, Palaniswamy M, Angayarkanni J. Spectral characterization of a pteridine derivative from cyanide-utilizing bacterium Bacillus subtilis - JN989651. J Microbiol 2015; 53:262-71. [PMID: 25740375 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-015-4138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Soil and water samples were collected from various regions of SIPCOT and nearby Vanappadi Lake, Ranipet, Tamilnadu, India. Based on their colony morphology and their stability during subculturing, 72 bacteria were isolated, of which 14 isolates were actinomycetes. Preliminary selection was carried out to exploit the ability of the microorganisms to utilize sodium cyanate as nitrogen source. Those organisms that were able to utilize cyanate were subjected to secondary screening viz., utilization of sodium cyanide as the nitrogen source. The oxygenolytic cleavage of cyanide is dependent on cyanide monooxygenase which obligately requires pterin cofactor for its activity. Based on this, the organisms capable of utilizing sodium cyanide were tested for the presence of pterin. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of the cell extracts using n-butanol: 5 N glacial acetic acid (4:1) revealed that 10 out of 12 organisms that were able to utilize cyanide had the pterin-related blue fluorescent compound in the cell extract. The cell extracts of these 10 organisms were subjected to high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) for further confirmation using a pterin standard. Based on the incubation period, cell biomass yield, peak height and area, strain VPW3 was selected and was identified as Bacillus subtilis. The Rf value of the cell extract was 0.73 which was consistent with the 0.74 Rf value of the pterin standard when scanned at 254 nm. The compound was extracted and purified by preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Characterization of the compound was performed by ultraviolet spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The compound is proposed to be 6-propionyl pterin (2-amino-6-propionyl-3H-pteridin-4-one).
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Siddaraju Y, Lamani M, Prabhu KR. A Transition Metal-Free Minisci Reaction: Acylation of Isoquinolines, Quinolines, and Quinoxaline. J Org Chem 2014; 79:3856-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500294z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Siddaraju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunath Lamani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | - Kandikere Ramaiah Prabhu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, Karnataka, India
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Matcha K, Antonchick AP. Metal-free cross-dehydrogenative coupling of heterocycles with aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2082-6. [PMID: 23307313 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Matcha
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Matcha K, Antonchick AP. Metal-Free Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Heterocycles with Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Duncton MAJ. Minisci reactions: Versatile CH-functionalizations for medicinal chemists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1md00134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 426] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Pruet JM, Robertus JD, Anslyn EV. Acyl radical insertion for the direct formation of new 7-substituted pterin analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 2010; 51:2539-2540. [PMID: 20436939 PMCID: PMC2860152 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A variety of pterin molecules were synthesized via an under-utilized acyl radical insertion, using aldehydes and alpha-keto esters as the acyl source. These reactions gave complete regiospecificity for the 7-isomer, with reaction times ranging in minutes, often with instantaneous product precipitation. This approach led to the construction of new pterin analogs unaccessable via traditional Friedel-Crafts acylation. The compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M. Pruet
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165
| | - Jon D. Robertus
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165
| | - Eric V. Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, TX 78712-0165
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Zhang FL, Vasella A. A New Synthesis of Ciliapterin and Dictyopterin. Ene Reactions of (Alkenylamino)-nitroso-pyrimidines. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Steinlin T, Vasella A. Diels–Alder Additions, Ene Reactions, and Condensations of 4-(Acylamino)-5-nitrosopyrimidines – Synthesis of 8-Substituted Guanines and of 6-Substituted Pteridinones. Helv Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200890048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Murata S, S. Landge S, Kudoh K, Yamada Y. Chemoselective Oxidation of 6-Hydroxyalkylpteridine and Its Application to Synthesis of 6-Acyl-7,8-dihydropteridine. HETEROCYCLES 2007. [DOI: 10.3987/com-07-11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nonogawa M, Arai T, Endo N, Pack SP, Kodaki T, Makino K. Novel 6-formylpterin derivatives: chemical synthesis and O2 to ROS conversion activities. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:1811-6. [PMID: 16633574 DOI: 10.1039/b602778d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
6-Formylpterin (6FP) has been demonstrated to have strong neuroprotective effects against transient ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils. Also it has been shown that in rats, 6FP protected retinal neurons even when it was administered after the ischemic insult. Since there is a significant need for such a compound that effectively suppresses the events caused by the lack of oxygen supply, 6FP has attracted further investigation. Unfortunately, however, 6FP is hardly soluble in water at neutral pH and in organic solvents because of its self-assembling ability. Although a several mM solution of 6FP is available in alkaline water, it is unstable. In the present study, a novel chemical derivatization of 6FP has been developed which maintains the formyl group on the 6-position of 6FP, which is essential for the physiological activities of 6FP, and increases solubility in water and organic solvents. In the method, the 2- and 3-positions of 6FP were modified by a three component coupling reaction: 6FP was subjected to the reaction with acid chloride and N,N-dimethylformamide. The derivatives synthesized here, 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyleneamino)-6-formyl-3-pivaloylpteridine-4-one 1, 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyleneamino)-6-formyl-3-isobutyrylpteridine-4-one 2, and 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyleneamino)-6-formyl-3-o-toluoylpteridine-4-one 3, showed high solubility in water (1.0-5.6 mM) and organic solvents. The O(2) conversion property has also been determined for the derivative 1. Using an oxygen electrode, it has been found that O(2) is consumed in the presence of 1 and NADH at around pH 7.4 and that the rate of O(2) consumption is enhanced by UV-A irradiation. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis coupled with DMPO spin trapping has also revealed that in the presence of NADH, 1 converts O(2) to O(2)(-), which is further reduced to OH. By UV-A illumination in the analogous systems, (1)O(2) formation was observed. These results are similar to those reported previously for 6FP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Nonogawa
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasyo, Uji, Japan
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Fröhlich LG, Kotsonis P, Traub H, Taghavi-Moghadam S, Al-Masoudi N, Hofmann H, Strobel H, Matter H, Pfleiderer W, Schmidt HH. Inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase by 4-amino pteridine derivatives: structure-activity relationship of antagonists of (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin cofactor. J Med Chem 1999; 42:4108-21. [PMID: 10514281 DOI: 10.1021/jm981129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) catalyzes the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline and nitric oxide (NO), an important cellular messenger molecule which has been implicated in the pathophysiology of septic shock and inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease states. NOS can be maximally activated by the ubiquitous cofactor, (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (H(4)Bip), and antagonists of H(4)Bip may be of therapeutic importance to inhibit pathologically high NO formation. The 4-amino substituted analogue of H(4)Bip was reported to be a potent NOS inhibitor. Therefore, we developed a series of novel 4-amino pteridine derivatives, anti-pterins, to pharmacologically target the neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS-I). To functionally characterize the pterin/anti-pterin interaction and establish a structure-activity relationship (SAR), we systematically altered the substituents in the 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-position of the pteridine nucleus. Varying the substitution pattern in the 2-, 5-, and 7-position resulted in no significant inhibitory effect on enzyme activity. In contrast, bulky substituents in the 6-position, such as phenyl, markedly increased the inhibitory potency of the reduced 4-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridines, possibly as a consequence of hydrophobic interactions within NOS-I. However, this was not the case for the aromatic 4-amino pteridines. Interestingly, chemical modification of the 4-amino substituent by dialkyl/diaralkylation together with 6-arylation of the aromatic 2,4-diamino pteridine resulted in potent and efficacious inhibitors of NOS-I, suggesting possible hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions within NOS-I. This SAR agrees with (a) the recently published crystal structure of the oxygenase domain of the inducible NOS isoform (NOS-II) and (b) the comparative molecular field analysis of selected NOS-I inhibitors, which resulted in a 3D-QSAR model of the pterin binding site interactions. Further optimization should be possible when the full length structure of NOS-I becomes available.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Fröhlich
- Department of Pharmacology, Julius-Maximilians University Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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