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Kim D, Koo S. Concise and Practical Total Synthesis of (+)-Abscisic Acid. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13296-13302. [PMID: 32548516 PMCID: PMC7288699 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
(+)-Abscisic acid 1 was obtained in a concise total synthesis from ethyl 2,6,6-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylate (2) with 41% overall yield in seven steps. A hydroxyl group was stereoselectively introduced by Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation; then, the side chain was appended with dimethyl 2-(propan-2-ylidene)malonate (7); subsequently, selective decarboxylation of diacid 8 established the Z-configuration of the conjugated acid 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Kim
- Department
of Energy Science and Technology, Myongji
University, Myongji-Ro
116, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 17058, Korea
| | - Sangho Koo
- Department
of Energy Science and Technology, Myongji
University, Myongji-Ro
116, Cheoin-Gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 17058, Korea
- Department
of Chemistry, Myongji University, Myongji-Ro 116,
Cheoin-Gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 17058, Korea
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2
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Abstract
A short, enantioselective synthesis of a newly identified ABA receptor agonist (−)-phaseic acid is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Tu
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Chengqing Ning
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
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3
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Thrane JE, Kyle M, Striebel M, Haande S, Grung M, Rohrlack T, Andersen T. Spectrophotometric Analysis of Pigments: A Critical Assessment of a High-Throughput Method for Analysis of Algal Pigment Mixtures by Spectral Deconvolution. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137645. [PMID: 26359659 PMCID: PMC4567325 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gauss-peak spectra (GPS) method represents individual pigment spectra as weighted sums of Gaussian functions, and uses these to model absorbance spectra of phytoplankton pigment mixtures. We here present several improvements for this type of methodology, including adaptation to plate reader technology and efficient model fitting by open source software. We use a one-step modeling of both pigment absorption and background attenuation with non-negative least squares, following a one-time instrument-specific calibration. The fitted background is shown to be higher than a solvent blank, with features reflecting contributions from both scatter and non-pigment absorption. We assessed pigment aliasing due to absorption spectra similarity by Monte Carlo simulation, and used this information to select a robust set of identifiable pigments that are also expected to be common in natural samples. To test the method’s performance, we analyzed absorbance spectra of pigment extracts from sediment cores, 75 natural lake samples, and four phytoplankton cultures, and compared the estimated pigment concentrations with concentrations obtained using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The deviance between observed and fitted spectra was generally very low, indicating that measured spectra could successfully be reconstructed as weighted sums of pigment and background components. Concentrations of total chlorophylls and total carotenoids could accurately be estimated for both sediment and lake samples, but individual pigment concentrations (especially carotenoids) proved difficult to resolve due to similarity between their absorbance spectra. In general, our modified-GPS method provides an improvement of the GPS method that is a fast, inexpensive, and high-throughput alternative for screening of pigment composition in samples of phytoplankton material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Erik Thrane
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology (AQUA), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcia Kyle
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Maren Striebel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Haande
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Grung
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology (AQUA), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Rohrlack
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Tom Andersen
- Department of Biosciences, Section for Aquatic Biology and Toxicology (AQUA), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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4
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Tokuyama H, Okano K, Okaya S, Kurogi T, Fujiwara H. Stereochemistry of Vinylogous Rubottom Oxidation of Proline-Fused Cyclohexadienol Silyl Ether. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-s(k)62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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5
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Álvarez R, Vaz B, Gronemeyer H, de Lera ÁR. Functions, therapeutic applications, and synthesis of retinoids and carotenoids. Chem Rev 2013; 114:1-125. [PMID: 24266866 DOI: 10.1021/cr400126u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CINBIO), and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Vigo (IBIV), Universidade de Vigo , 36310 Vigo, Spain
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6
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Shu P, Wei X, Xue Y, Li W, Zhang J, Xiang M, Zhang M, Luo Z, Li Y, Yao G, Zhang Y. Wilsonols A-L, megastigmane sesquiterpenoids from the leaves of Cinnamomum wilsonii. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1303-1312. [PMID: 23822611 DOI: 10.1021/np4002493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Twelve new megastigmane sesquiterpenoids, wilsonols A-L (1-12), were isolated from the leaves of Cinnamomum wilsonii, along with seven known analogues (13-19). The structures of compounds 1-12 were established by spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configurations of 1-5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis with Cu Kα irradiation, and the absolute configurations of 6-12 were determined by the modified Mosher's method. Compounds 1-9 and 13-19 were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines, HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW-480, and compared against the Beas-2B immortalized (noncancerous) human bronchial epithelial cell line. Compound 13 exhibited IC50 values ranging from 2.5 to 12 μM and selectivity indices of >10 against SMMC-7721, A-549, and MCF-7 cell lines. Selected compounds were evaluated for in vitro immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghua Shu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
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7
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Soontornchaiboon W, Joo SS, Kim SM. Anti-inflammatory effects of violaxanthin isolated from microalga Chlorella ellipsoidea in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:1137-44. [PMID: 22791163 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Violaxanthin is a major carotenoid of microalgae Chlorella ellipsoidea and is also found in dark-green leafy vegetables, such as spinach. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of violaxanthin isolated from C. ellipsoidea was examined using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. In addition, the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanism of action of purified violaxanthin was assessed using various assays, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blotting, and electrophoretic-mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results of this combined analysis revealed that violaxanthin significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and the prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂). Interestingly, violaxanthin effectively inhibited LPS-mediated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit translocation into the nucleus, suggesting that the violaxanthin anti-inflammatory activity may be based on inhibition of the NF-κB pathways. In conclusion, violaxanthin of C. ellipsoidea holds promise for use as a potential anti-inflammatory agent for either therapeutic or functional adjuvant purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waesarat Soontornchaiboon
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Republic of Korea
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8
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Kajikawa T, Iguchi N, Katsumura S. Olefin metathesis in carotenoid synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:4586-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b915390j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Yamano Y, Ito M, Wada A. Total synthesis of cucurbitaxanthin A, cycloviolaxanthin and capsanthin 3,6-epoxide by applying a regioselective ring opening of tetrasubstituted epoxides. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:3421-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b807482h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Chemoenzymatic resolution of cis- and trans-3,6-dihydroxy-α-ionone. Synthesis of the enantiomeric forms of dehydrovomifoliol and 8,9-dehydrotheaspirone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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12
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Gmünder MR, Eugster CH. Carotinoide mit 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl-Endgruppen. Teil I. Versuch einer Synthese von Cycloviolaxanthin (= (3S,5R,6R,3′S,5′R,6′R)-3,6:3′,6′-Diepoxy-5,6,5′,6′-tetrahydro-β,β-carotin-5,5′-diol). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19900730719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Deli J, Matus Z, Molnár P, Tóth G, Décsy Z, Eugster CH. Epoxidierung von Cucurbitaxanthin A: Herstellung von Cucurbitaxanthin B und seines 5′,6′-Epimeren. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19930760217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Deli J, Mólnar P, Tóth G, Baumeler A, Eugster CH. Cycloviolaxanthin (= (3S,5R,6R,3′S,5′R,6′R)-3,6:3′,6′-Diepoxy-5,6,5′,6′-tetrahydro-β,β-carotin-5,5′-diol), ein neues Carotinoid aus Paprika (Capsicum annuum). Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19910740416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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15
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Molnár P, Deli J, Matus Z, Tóth G, Steck A, Pfander H. Partial Synthesis and Characterization of the Mono-and Diepoxides of β-Cryptoxanthin. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19970800120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Märki-Fischer E, Eugster CH. (all-E)-12′-Apozeaxanthinol, Persicaxanthine und Persicachrome. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19880710715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Fujiwara Y, Hashimoto K, Manabe K, Maoka T. Structures of tobiraxanthins A1, A2, A3, B, C and D, new carotenoids from the seeds of Pittosporum tobira. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)00779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Nakano M, Furuichi N, Mori H, Katsumura S. Novel synthesis of the allene moiety of carotenoids via biomimetic photosensitized oxygenation. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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19
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Fujiwara Y, Maruwaka H, Toki F, Hashimoto K, Maoka T. Structure of three new carotenoids with a 3-methoxy-5-keto-5,6-seco-4,6-cyclo-beta end group from the seeds of Pittosporum tobira. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:985-7. [PMID: 11515590 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Three new carotenoids with a 3-methoxy-5-keto-5,6-seco-4,6-cyclo-beta end group (1-3) have been isolated from the seeds of Pittosporum tobira. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analyses of nuclear magnetic resonance and UV data.
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20
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Light-induced formation of 13-cis violaxanthin in leaves of Hordeum vulgare. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(99)00019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Ward DE, Gai Y. Simple Methods for the Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure Abscisic Acid (ABA) Analogues from (S)-(+)-ABA. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/00397919708006821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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23
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Linden A, Eugster CH. X-Ray Structure Analysis of 15-Apoviolaxanth-15-al. Helv Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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24
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Baumeler A, Zerbe O, Kunz R, Eugster CH. (6R,9?Z)-Neoxanthin: Synthese, Schmelzverhalten, Spektren und Konformationsberechnungen. Helv Chim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Yamano Y, Ito M. First total synthesis of (±)-peridinin, (±)-pyrrhoxanthin and the optically active peridinin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1039/p19930001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Eugster CH. Die Entwicklung der Carotinoid-Chemie im Spiegel derHelvetica Chimica Acta 1922-1991. Helv Chim Acta 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19920750402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Baumeler A, Eugster CH. Synthese von (6R, all-E)-Neoxanthin und verwandten Allen-Carotinoiden. Helv Chim Acta 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19920750314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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28
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Sakai K, Takahashi K, Nukano T. Convenient synthesis of optically active abscisic acid and xanthoxin. Tetrahedron 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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30
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Baumeler A, Eugster CH. Synthese von enantiomerenreinem Mimulaxanthin und seiner (9Z,9?Z)- und (15Z)-Isomeren. Helv Chim Acta 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19910740303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Buschor DJ, Eugster CH. Synthese der (3S,4R,3?S,4?R)- und (3S,4S,3?S,4?S)Crustaxanthine sowie weiterer Verbindungen mit 3,4-Dihydroxy-?-Endgruppen. Helv Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19900730426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Baumeler A, Brade W, Haag A, Eugster CH. Synthese von enantiomerenreinen ?Grasshopper?-Ketonen und verwandten Verbindungen. Helv Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19900730319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Uebelhart P, Eugster CH. Synthesen von enantiomerenreinen Apoviolaxanthin-s�uren, -olen und -alen (Persicaxanthin, Sinensiaxanthin und ?-Citraurin-epoxid) und ihrer furanoiden Umlagerungsprodukte. Helv Chim Acta 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19880710817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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