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Maioli LS, Kossoski F, Bettega MHF. Low-energy electron scattering by cyanamide: anion spectra and dissociation pathways. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:7894-7902. [PMID: 32227067 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00806k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The low-energy anion spectra of cyanamide and its rare tautomer carbodiimide were surveyed with elastic electron scattering calculations. Our assignments differ qualitatively and quantitatively from a previous theoretical report. We support that both tautomers present two π* and two shape resonances, while cyanamide should also display a dipole bound state and a shape resonance. Available dissociative electron attachment measurements have shown several structures for dehydrogenation below 4 eV, but no sharp peaks related to vibrational Feshbach resonances. The absence of these resonances is explained by the lack of a potential barrier for tunneling of the hydrogen atom, despite the coupling between dipole bound and states. We found that the π* resonances initiate the dynamics that lead to hydrogen loss at 1.5, 2.5 and 3 eV. The later two structures arise from the anion states of cyanamide, while carbodiimide should account for the lower-lying one. The rarity of the second tautomer would be offset by its larger dissociative electron attachment cross section, enough to leave a distinct signature in the measured ion yield spectra. Low-energy electrons should thus decompose carbodiimide much more efficiently than cyanamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia S Maioli
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19044, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio H F Bettega
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19044, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
- Curt Wentrup
- School of Chemistry and Molecular
Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Völkl A, Achatz D, Schoder F, Zinner G, Stolzenberg H, Beck W, Fehlhammer W. Fixation of Metallo Nitrile Ylides and Metallo Nitrile Imines as Ligands in Transition Metal Complexes [1]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200900531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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The quest for the elusive carbodiimide ion HNCNH+ and its generation from ionized cyanamide by proton-transport catalysis. Chem Phys Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2009.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fehlhammer W, Schoder F, Weinberger B, Stolzenberg H, Beck W. X-ray Structure of the Isodiazomethane Complex Cr(CO)5C≡N-NH2and [3+2]-Cycloadditions to the Metallo-Nitrile-Imine [Cr(CO)5C≡N-NH]-[1]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fedorov I, Koziol L, Mollner AK, Krylov AI, Reisler H. Multiphoton Ionization and Dissociation of Diazirine: A Theoretical and Experimental Study. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:7412-21. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900204g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Lucas Koziol
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Andrew K. Mollner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Anna I. Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
| | - Hanna Reisler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482
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da Silva G, Bozzelli JW. Retro-[3 + 2]-Cycloaddition Reactions in the Decomposition of Five-Membered Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles. J Org Chem 2008; 73:1343-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jo701914y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel da Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Joseph W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey 07102, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Maier G, Eckwert J, Bothur A, Reisenauer HP, Schmidt C. Photochemical Fragmentation of Unsubstituted Tetrazole, 1,2,3-Triazole, and 1,2,4-Triazole: First Matrix-Spectroscopic Identification of Nitrilimine HCNNH. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199619960704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gerbaux P, Wentrup C, Flammang R. Mass spectrometric studies of elusive molecules that contain an N(+)-X- bond. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2000; 19:367-389. [PMID: 11199377 DOI: 10.1002/1098-2787(2000)19:6<367::aid-mas1>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This review will be concerned with the gas phase chemistry of 1,2- and 1,3-dipolar systems that contain a carbon-nitrogen bond. Although most of these compounds are stable molecules under normal conditions, certain congeners are reactive species that cannot be prepared using conventional procedures. The isolation and observation of these elusive compounds therefore require appropriate experimental conditions such as those provided by the gas phase of a mass spectrometer. In these experiments, the radical cations, corresponding to the molecule under study, must be prepared via indirect procedures, including dissociative electron ionization, on-line flash-vacuum pyrolysis-mass spectrometry, or ion-molecule reactions. Their characterization is mainly based on collisional activation and ion-molecule reactions. The formation of the corresponding highly reactive neutrals is attempted by neutralization-reionization mass spectrometry. This review presents more than one hundred different molecules together with their methods of preparation and the experiment used to identify them.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gerbaux
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, 19 Avenue Maistriau, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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Gerbaux P, Flammang R, Mørkved EH, Wong MW, Wentrup C. Nitrile N-Selenide (RC⋮NSe) and Isoselenocyanate (RNCSe) Neutrals and Radical Cations by Selenation of Nitriles and Isonitriles: Tandem Mass Spectrometry and ab Initio Studies. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9824454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Gerbaux
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium, Department of Organic Chemistry, Norwegian University of Sciences and Technology, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 119260 Kent Ridge, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert Flammang
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium, Department of Organic Chemistry, Norwegian University of Sciences and Technology, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 119260 Kent Ridge, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Eva H. Mørkved
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium, Department of Organic Chemistry, Norwegian University of Sciences and Technology, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 119260 Kent Ridge, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ming Wah Wong
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium, Department of Organic Chemistry, Norwegian University of Sciences and Technology, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 119260 Kent Ridge, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Curt Wentrup
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, B-7000 Mons, Belgium, Department of Organic Chemistry, Norwegian University of Sciences and Technology, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 119260 Kent Ridge, Singapore, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- John J. Nash
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Robert R. Squires
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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Lavorato D, Terlouw JK, Dargel TK, Koch W, McGibbon GA, Schwarz H. Observation of the Hammick Intermediate: Reduction of the Pyridine-2-ylid Ion in the Gas Phase. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja961954l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Lavorato
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Canada L8S 4M1, and the Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johan K. Terlouw
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Canada L8S 4M1, and the Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas K. Dargel
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Canada L8S 4M1, and the Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfram Koch
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Canada L8S 4M1, and the Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Graham A. McGibbon
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Canada L8S 4M1, and the Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Canada L8S 4M1, and the Institut für Organische Chemie der Technischen Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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Holthausen MC, Heinemann C, Cornehl HH, Koch W, Schwarz H. The performance of density‐functional/Hartree–Fock hybrid methods: Cationic transition‐metal methyl complexes MCH+3 (M=Sc–Cu,La,Hf–Au). J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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