Glycosylidene Carbenes. Part 27. Glucosidation of titanium dioxide with 1-aziglucoses: Preparation and characterization of modified titanium-dioxide surfaces

Silver incorporated antibacterial, cell compatible and bioactive titania layer on Ti metal for biomedical applications

Surface modification of titanium metal incorporated with silver to improve the antibacterial activity, cell compatibility and biological affinity of orthopaedic and dental devices.

Surface modification of plastic, glass and titanium by photoimmobilization of polyethylene glycol for antibiofouling

Photoreactive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was prepared and the polymer was photoimmobilized on organic, inorganic and metal surfaces to reduce their interaction with proteins and cells. The photoreactive PEG was synthesized by co-polymerization of methacrylate-PEG and acryloyl 4-azidobenzene. Surface modification was carried in the presence and the absence of a micropatterned photomask. It was then straightforward to confirm the immobilization using the micropatterning. Using the micropatterning method, immobilization of the photoreactive PEG on plastic (Thermanox), glass and titanium was confirmed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy observations. The contact angle on an unpatterned surface was measured. Although the original surfaces have different contact angles, the contact angle on PEG-immobilized surfaces was the same on all surfaces. This result demonstrated that the surface was completely covered with PEG by the photoimmobilization. To assess non-specific protein adsorption on the micropatterned surface, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated proteins were adsorbed. Reduced protein adsorption was confirmed by vanishingly small staining of HRP substrates on the immobilized regions. COS-7 cells were cultured on the micropatterned surface. The cells did not adhere to the PEG-coated regions. In conclusion, photoreactive PEG was immobilized on various surfaces and tended to reduce interactions with proteins and cells.

Modification of the titan surface with photoreactive gelatin to regulate cell attachment

Titan (TiO2) was modified with photoreactive gelatin in order to regulate the attachment of cells. Photoreactive gelatin, which was synthesized by the coupling reaction of gelatin with N-(4-azidobenzoyloxy) succinimide, was immobilized onto the n-octadecyltrimethoxysilane (ODS)-TiO2 or TiO2 surface by ultraviolet irradiation both in the absence and presence of a photo mask. In the absence of a photo mask, the modified titan surface was analyzed by measuring water contact angles and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The result showed that ODS hydrophobilized the titan surface, and that the immobilization of gelatin affected the surface's hydrophilicity. XPS shows that titan was covered with organic material, including ODS and gelatin. With the photo mask in place, micropatterning of the gelatin was performed. This pattern was confirmed by optical microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion-mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS). Monkey COS-7 epithelial cells were cultured on the unpattern- and pattern-immobilized plate. A significantly higher degree of cell attachment was found on the photoreactive gelatin-immobilized regions than on those that were not immobilized. It was concluded that the cellular pattern on titan was regulated by immobilized photoreactive gelatin.