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Maresca V, Capasso L, Rigano D, Stornaiuolo M, Sirignano C, Piacente S, Cerulli A, Marallo N, Basile A, Nebbioso A, Giordano D, Facchiano A, De Masi L, Bontempo P. Health-Promoting Effects, Phytochemical Constituents and Molecular Genetic Profile of the Purple Carrot 'Purple Sun' ( Daucus carota L.). Nutrients 2024; 16:2505. [PMID: 39125387 PMCID: PMC11314219 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The purple carrot cultivar 'Purple Sun' (Daucus carota L.) is characterized by a relevant content of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, which may play an important role in reducing the risk of chronic diseases and in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. In the present study, the genetic diversity, phytochemical composition, and bioactivities of this outstanding variety were studied for the first time. Genetic analysis by molecular markers estimated the level of genetic purity of this carrot cultivar, whose purple-pigmented roots were used for obtaining the purple carrot ethanol extract (PCE). With the aim to identify specialized metabolites potentially responsible for the bioactivities, the analysis of the metabolite profile of PCE by LC-ESI/LTQ Orbitrap/MS/MS was carried out. LC-ESI/HRMS analysis allowed the assignment of twenty-eight compounds, putatively identified as isocitric acid (1), phenolic acid derivatives (2 and 6), hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (9, 10, 12-14, 16, 17, 19, 22, and 23), anthocyanins (3-5, 7, 8, 11, and 18), flavanonols (15 and 21), flavonols (20 and 24), oxylipins (25, 26, and 28), and the sesquiterpene 11-acetyloxytorilolone (27); compound 26, corresponding to the primary metabolite trihydroxyoctanoic acid (TriHOME), was the most abundant compound in the LC-ESI/HRMS analysis of the PCE, and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives followed by anthocyanins were the two most represented groups. The antioxidant activity of PCE, expressed in terms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and antioxidant enzymes activity, and its pro-metabolic effect were evaluated. Moreover, the antibacterial activity on Gram (-) and (+) bacterial strains was investigated. An increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx), reaching a maximum at 0.5 mg/mL of PCE with a plateau at higher PCE concentrations (1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/mL), was observed. PCE induced an initial decrease in ROS levels at 0.1 and 0.25 mg/mL concentrations, reaching the ROS levels of control at 0.5 mg/mL of PCE with a plateau at higher PCE concentrations (1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/mL). Moreover, significant antioxidant and pro-metabolic effects of PCE on myoblasts were shown by a reduction in ROS content and an increase in ATP production linked to the promotion of mitochondrial respiration. Finally, the bacteriostatic activity of PCE was shown on the different bacterial strains tested, while the bactericidal action of PCE was exclusively observed against the Gram (+) Staphylococcus aureus. The bioactivities of PCE were also investigated from cellular and molecular points of view in colon and hematological cancer cells. The results showed that PCE induces proliferative arrest and modulates the expression of important cell-cycle regulators. For all these health-promoting effects, also supported by initial computational predictions, 'Purple Sun' is a promising functional food and an optimal candidate for pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Maresca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Lucia Capasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.C.); (A.N.); (P.B.)
| | - Daniela Rigano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Carmina Sirignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy; (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonietta Cerulli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy; (S.P.); (A.C.)
| | - Nadia Marallo
- Agronomist Consultant, Via S. Moccia 2/B, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Adriana Basile
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.C.); (A.N.); (P.B.)
| | - Deborah Giordano
- Institute of Food Science (ISA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (D.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Angelo Facchiano
- Institute of Food Science (ISA), National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (D.G.); (A.F.)
| | - Luigi De Masi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council (CNR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Paola Bontempo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.C.); (A.N.); (P.B.)
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Nguyen HH, Aree T, Nguyen HT, Tran TMD, Nguyen TP, Vo TPG, Nguyen NH, Duong TH. Diorygmones A-B, two new guaiane-sesquiterpenes from the cultured lichen mycobiont of Diorygma sp.. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2282-2287. [PMID: 36724809 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2172007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diorygma sp. is a native crustose-lichen in Vietnam. A mycobiont of this lichen was isolated, then cultivated. The present study described the isolation and structural elucidation of two new guaiane-type sesquiterpenes, namely diorygmones A-B. Their absolute chemical structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and comparisons with the literatures. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu-Hung Nguyen
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thammarat Aree
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Huy Truong Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Minh-Dinh Tran
- Department of Biology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Phuong Nguyen
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi-Phi Giao Vo
- Faculty of Biology-Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Hong Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuc-Huy Duong
- CirTech Institute, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Li HB, Yu Y, Wang ZZ, Yang J, Xiao W, Yao XS. Two new sesquiterpenoids from Artemisia annua. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2015; 53:244-247. [PMID: 25319610 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-bo Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, 222001, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China; State Key Lab of New-Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, 222001, China
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Xu JK, Lu XH, Zhu W, Yang BX, Zhang L, Tian JK. Two new eudesmane-type glucopyranosides from the fruits of Daucus carota L. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:1903-8. [PMID: 25686649 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1012167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two new eudesmane-type glucopyranosides have been isolated from the fruits of Daucus carota L. On the basis of their spectroscopic and chemical evidence, the new compounds were elucidated as daucucarotol-10-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and decahydro-7-[(2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-isopropyl]-1β,4aα-dimethyl-(1α,4α,8aβ)-naphthalenetriol (2). Compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate antitumour activity against human ECA-109 and gave IC50 values of 23.22 and 26.76 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ke Xu
- a Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Jinan 250014 , P.R. China
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