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Gul F, Khan I, Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Shahbaz A, Capasso R, Amaro-Estrada I, Jardan YAB, Cossio-Bayugar R, Mahmood T. Phytochemistry, biological activities and in silico molecular docking studies of Oxalis pes-caprae L. compounds against SARS-CoV-2. JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY. SCIENCE 2022; 34:102136. [PMID: 35756195 PMCID: PMC9212855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2022.102136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are directly involved in therapeutic treatment or precursors to synthesize useful drugs. The current study was aimed to evaluate the phytocompounds and their biopotentials using methanolic and n-hexane extracts of various parts of Oxalis pes-caprae. For the phytochemical analysis, standard procedures were used, whereas Aluminum Chloride reagent and Follin-ciocalteau reagent methods were used to determine total flavonoid and phenolic contents. Radical scavenging DPPH, phosphomolybdenum reduction, and reducing power assays were used to assess antioxidative potentials. Antibacterial potential was determined by applying disc diffusion method while cytotoxicity was determined employing brine shrimp assay. FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared) analysis was utilized to gather spectral information, while molecular docking tools were employed to look at how O. pes-caprae plant-based ligands interact with the target protein COVID-19 3CLPro (PDB:6LU7). Phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins were tested positive in preliminary phytochemical studies. TPC and TFC in different extracts ranging from (38.55 ± 1.72) to (65.68 ± 0.88) mg/g GAE/g and (24.75 ± 1.80) to (14.83 ± 0.92) mg/g QUE/g were used respectively. IC50 value (24.75 ± 0.76 g/mL) by OXFH, total antioxidant capacity (55.89 ± 1.75) mg/g by OXLM, reducing potential (34.98 ± 1.089) mg/g by OXSM, maximum zone of inhibition against B. subtilis (24 ± 0.65 mm) by OXLM and maximum cytotoxicity 96% with LD50 19.66 (μg/mL) by OXSM were the best calculated values among all extracts. Using molecular docking, it was found that Caeruleanone A, 2',4'-Dihydroxy-2″-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl) dihydrofuro [2,3-h] flavanone and Vadimezan demonstrated best affinity with the investigated SARS CoV-2 Mpro protein. This work provide justification about this plant as a source of effective phytochemicals and their potential against microbes could lead to development of biosafe drugs for the welfare of human being. In future, different in vitro and in vivo biological studies can be performed to further investigate its biomedical potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Gul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ilham Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Amir Shahbaz
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Itzel Amaro-Estrada
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Km 11 Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla, No. 8534, Col. Progreso, CP 62550 Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raquel Cossio-Bayugar
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Km 11 Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla, No. 8534, Col. Progreso, CP 62550 Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Sarkar PK, Pawar SS, Rath SK, Kandasubramanian B. Anti-barnacle biofouling coatings for the protection of marine vessels: synthesis and progress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:26078-26112. [PMID: 35076840 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling has gnawed both mobile and non-mobile marine structures since time immemorial, leading to the deterioration of designed operational capabilities as well as a loss of valuable economic revenues. Mitigation of biofouling has been the primary focus of researchers and scientists from across the globe to save billions of dollars wasted due to the biological fouling of marine structures. The availability of an appropriate environment along with favorable substrata initiates biofilm formation within a few minutes. The crucial element in establishing a gelatinous biofilm is the excreted metabolites of destructive nature and exopolymeric substances (EPSs). These help in securing as well as signaling numerous foulants to establish themselves on this substrate. The larvae of various benthic invertebrates adhere to these suitable surfaces and transform from juveniles to adult barnacles depending upon the environment. Despite biofouling being characteristically witnessed for a month or lengthier timeframe, the preliminary phases of the fouling process typically transpire on a much lesser timescale. A few natural and synthetic additives had demonstrated excellent non-toxic anti barnacle establishment capability; however, further development into commercial products is still far-fetched. This review collates the specific anti-barnacle coatings, emphasizing natural additives, their sources of extraction, general life cycle analysis, and concluding future perspectives of this niche product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramit Kumar Sarkar
- Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced, Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, India
- Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd, Ministry of Defence, Dockyard Road, Mumbai, 400010, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sushil S Pawar
- Protective Coatings Department, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ministry of Defence, DRDO, Ambernath, 421506, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sangram K Rath
- Protective Coatings Department, Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Ministry of Defence, DRDO, Ambernath, 421506, Maharashtra, India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Nano Surface Texturing Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Defence Institute of Advanced, Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune, 411025, India.
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Chemical Review of Gorgostane-Type Steroids Isolated from Marine Organisms and Their 13C-NMR Spectroscopic Data Characteristics. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020139. [PMID: 35200668 PMCID: PMC8878145 DOI: 10.3390/md20020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gorgostane steroids are isolated from marine organisms and consist of 30 carbon atoms with a characteristic cyclopropane moiety. From the pioneering results to the end of 2021, isolation, biosynthesis, and structural elucidation using 13C-NMR will be used. Overall, 75 compounds are categorized into five major groups: gorgost-5-ene, 5,6-epoxygorgostane, 5,6-dihydroxygorgostane, 9,11-secogorgostane, and 23-demethylgorgostane, in addition to miscellaneous gorgostane. The structural diversity, selectivity for marine organisms, and biological effects of gorgostane steroids have generated considerable interest in the field of drug discovery research.
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Neves AR, Almeida JR, Carvalhal F, Câmara A, Pereira S, Antunes J, Vasconcelos V, Pinto M, Silva ER, Sousa E, Correia-da-Silva M. Overcoming environmental problems of biocides: Synthetic bile acid derivatives as a sustainable alternative. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 187:109812. [PMID: 31669574 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling represents a global economic and ecological challenge. Some marine organisms produce bioactive metabolites, such as steroids, that inhibit the settlement and growth of fouling organisms. The aim of this work was to explore bile acids as a new scaffold with antifouling (AF) activity by using chemical synthesis to produce a series of bile acid derivatives with optimized AF performance and understand their structure-activity relationships. Seven bile acid derivatives were successfully synthesized in moderate to high yields, and their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic methods. Their AF activities were tested against both macro- and microfouling communities. The most potent bile acid against the settlement of Mytilus galloprovincialis larvae was the methyl ester derivative of cholic acid (10), which showed an EC50 of 3.7 μM and an LC50/EC50 > 50 (LC50 > 200 μM) in AF effectiveness vs toxicity studies. Two derivatives of deoxycholic acid (5 and 7) potently inhibited the growth of biofilm-forming marine bacteria with EC50 values < 10 μM, and five bile acids (1, 5, and 7-9) potently inhibited the growth of diatoms, showing EC50 values between 3 and 10 μM. Promising AF profiles were achieved with some of the synthesized bile acids by combining antimacrofouling and antimicrofouling activities. Initial studies on the incorporation of one of these promising bile acid derivatives in polymeric coatings, such as a marine paint, demonstrated the ability of these compounds to generate coatings with antimacrofouling activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Neves
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana R Almeida
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Francisca Carvalhal
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Amadeu Câmara
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Pereira
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Jorge Antunes
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Madalena Pinto
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete R Silva
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande C8 bdg, Lisboa, 1749-016 Portugal; CERENA - Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Emília Sousa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia-da-Silva
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General, Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Qi SH, Ma X. Antifouling Compounds from Marine Invertebrates. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15090263. [PMID: 28846623 PMCID: PMC5618402 DOI: 10.3390/md15090263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, a comprehensive overview about the antifouling compounds from marine invertebrates is described. In total, more than 198 antifouling compounds have been obtained from marine invertebrates, specifically, sponges, gorgonian and soft corals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Xuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China.
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Abstract
Marine indole alkaloids comprise a large and steadily growing group of secondary metabolites. Their diverse biological activities make many compounds of this class attractive starting points for pharmaceutical development. Several marine-derived indoles were found to possess cytotoxic, antineoplastic, antibacterial and antimicrobial activities, in addition to the action on human enzymes and receptors. The newly isolated indole alkaloids of marine origin since the last comprehensive review in 2003 are reported, and biological aspects will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Netz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Till Opatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Harmicine, a Tetracyclic Tetrahydro-β-Carboline: From the First Synthetic Precedent to Isolation from Natural Sources to Target-Oriented Synthesis (Review)*. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-014-1602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Zhang XY, Xu XY, Peng J, Ma CF, Nong XH, Bao J, Zhang GZ, Qi SH. Antifouling potentials of eight deep-sea-derived fungi from the South China Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:741-8. [PMID: 24532297 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Marine-derived microbial secondary metabolites are promising potential sources of nontoxic antifouling agents. The search for environmentally friendly and low-toxic antifouling components guided us to investigate the antifouling potentials of eight novel fungal isolates from deep-sea sediments of the South China Sea. Sixteen crude ethyl acetate extracts of the eight fungal isolates showed distinct antibacterial activity against three marine bacteria (Loktanella hongkongensis UST950701–009, Micrococcus luteus UST950701–006 and Pseudoalteromonas piscida UST010620–005), or significant antilarval activity against larval settlement of bryozoan Bugula neritina. Furthermore, the extract of Aspergillus westerdijkiae DFFSCS013 displayed strong antifouling activity in a field trial lasting 4 months. By further bioassay-guided isolation, five antifouling alkaloids including brevianamide F, circumdatin F and L, notoamide C, and 5-chlorosclerotiamide were isolated from the extract of A. westerdijkiae DFFSCS013. This is the first report about the antifouling potentials of metabolites of the deep-sea-derived fungi from the South China Sea, and the first stage towards the development of non- or low-toxic antifouling agents from deep-sea-derived fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yong Zhang
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 164 West Xingang Road 510301 Guangzhou China
| | - Xin-Ya Xu
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 164 West Xingang Road 510301 Guangzhou China
| | - Jiang Peng
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 164 West Xingang Road 510301 Guangzhou China
| | - Chun-Feng Ma
- grid.79703.3a 0000000417643838 Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Xu-Hua Nong
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 164 West Xingang Road 510301 Guangzhou China
| | - Jie Bao
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 164 West Xingang Road 510301 Guangzhou China
| | - Guang-Zhao Zhang
- grid.79703.3a 0000000417643838 Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 510640 Guangzhou China
| | - Shu-Hua Qi
- grid.9227.e 0000000119573309 Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Material Medical, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences 164 West Xingang Road 510301 Guangzhou China
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Gao C, Yi X, Huang R, Yan F, He B, Chen B. Alkaloids from Corals. Chem Biodivers 2013; 10:1435-47. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201100276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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He F, Han Z, Peng J, Qian PY, Qi SH. Antifouling Indole Alkaloids from Two Marine Derived Fungi. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to find non-toxic antifouling natural products from marine microorganisms, the chemical constituents of two marine derived fungi Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sydowii have been investigated under bio-guided fractionation. A new indolyl diketopiperazine compound, penilloid A (1), together with 15 known ones were isolated from these two strains. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of NMR and mass spectra. Some alkaloids showed significant antifouling and antibacterial activities. The results indicate that indole alkaloids could be a potential antifouling agent resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301 Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuang Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301 Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301 Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology/Division of Life Science/Clearwater Bay, KLN, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shu-Hua Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica/RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301 Guangdong, China
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Abstract
Covering: 2010. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2011, 28, 196. This review covers the literature published in 2010 for marine natural products, with 895 citations (590 for the period January to December 2010) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1003 for 2010), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Chen WH, Wang SK, Duh CY. Polyhydroxylated steroids from the bamboo coral Isis hippuris. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1829-1839. [PMID: 22072998 PMCID: PMC3210607 DOI: 10.3390/md9101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In previous studies on the secondary metabolites of the Taiwanese octocoral Isis hippuris, specimens have always been collected at Green Island. In the course of our studies on bioactive compounds from marine organisms, the acetone-solubles of the Taiwanese octocoral I. hippuris collected at Orchid Island have led to the isolation of five new polyoxygenated steroids: hipposterone M–O (1–3), hipposterol G (4) and hippuristeroketal A (5). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic and physical data. The anti-HCMV (human cytomegalovirus) activity of 1–5 and their cytotoxicity against selected cell lines were evaluated. Compound 2 exhibited inhibitory activity against HCMV, with an EC50 value of 6.0 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Shang-Kwei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.-Y.D.); (S.-K.W.); Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); Fax: +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
| | - Chang-Yih Duh
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; E-Mail:
- Centers for Asia-Pacific Ocean Research and Translational Biopharmaceuticals, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (C.-Y.D.); (S.-K.W.); Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5036) (C.-Y.D.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2150) (S.-K.W.); Fax: +886-7-525-5020 (C.-Y.D.)
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