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Yen PH, Hai Yen DT, Viet Thanh NT, Hung NA, Bang NA, Tai BH, Nhiem NX, Kiem PV. Gymsyloside F and Gymsyloside G, Two New Pregnane Glycosides From the Leaves of Gymnema sylvestre and Their α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Inhibitory Activities. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211029532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new pregnane glycosides were isolated from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm. Their chemical structures were determined as (20 S)−12 β-tigloyloxy-5 α-hydroperoxy-3 β,8 β,14 β,17 β,20-pentahydroxypregn-6-ene 3- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)‐6-deoxy-3- O-methyl- β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)- β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)- β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)- β-D-cymaropyranoside (1) and (20 S)−12 β-benzoyloxy-5 α-hydroperoxy-3 β,8 β,14 β,17 β,20-pentahydroxypregn-6-ene 3- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)‐6-deoxy-3- O-methyl- β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→4)- β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)- β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)- β-D-cymaropyranoside (2) on the basis of the extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and in comparison with the reported data. At the concentration of 200 µM, compounds 1 and 2 showed moderate anti α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities with inhibitory percentage of 31.1 ± 1.2 and 42.3 ± 1.7% (for α-glucosidase), and 27.8 ± 1.3 and 34.5 ± 1.5% (for α-amylase), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Viet Thanh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Anh Hung
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University, Vinhphuc, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Anh Bang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Novel hypoglycemic compounds from wild mushroom Paxillus involutus. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104984. [PMID: 34004479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wild mushrooms are an important source of secondary metabolites possessing a broad range of biological activities. In this study, eight new compounds, named furanopaxin A-F (1-6), deoxybisinvolutone (7), and coumarinvol (8) along with two known compounds were isolated from fruiting bodies of the wild mushroom Paxillus involutus (Batsch) Fr. Their structures were established based on HR-ESI-MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The results of hypoglycemic assays indicated that compounds 5-8 possessed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, with IC50 values ranging from 14.65 ± 1.68 to 47.55 ± 1.47 μM, and each compound could enhance glucose consumption in insulin-resistance HepG2 cells. Further analysis by molecular docking implied that compounds 5-8 could interact with the amino acid residues of α-glucosidase, supporting the hypoglycemic activity of the compounds.
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Yen DTH, Thu VK, Tai BH, Yen PH, Nhiem NX, Kiem PV. Pregnane glycosides from Gymnema sylvestre. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201900002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Vu Kim Thu
- Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Pho Vien, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST) 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
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Yen DTH, Van Toan N, Tai BH, Yen PH, Nhiem NX, Van Kiem P. Oleananesaponins from Gymnema sylvestre. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201960006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Viet Nam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology; VAST; Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Van Toan
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Viet Nam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Viet Nam
| | - Pham Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Xuan Nhiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Viet Nam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST); Viet Nam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology; VAST; Viet Nam
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Pubescenosides E⁻K, Seven New Triterpenoid Saponins from the Roots of Ilex pubescens and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061426. [PMID: 29895796 PMCID: PMC6100132 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven new triterpenoid saponins (1–7), together with three known ones (8–10), were isolated from Ilex pubescens. Elucidation of their structures was performed based on high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), infrared spectra (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolates toward lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages was investigated. The results demonstrated that compounds 3, 5, and 6 inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in comparison with LPS stimulation in RAW264.7 cells.
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Basa’ar O, Farooqui M. Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. roots. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1378675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ola Basa’ar
- Department of Chemistry, Hodeidah University, Al-Hodeidah, Yemen
- Post Graduate & Research Center, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mazahar Farooqui
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract
Covering: 2013. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2015, 29, 1028-1065This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids reported during 2013 including squalene derivatives, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, serratanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins; 350 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- School of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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Zarrelli A, Romanucci V, Gravante R, Di Marino C, Di Fabio G. History of Gymnemic acid, a Molecule that does not Exist. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400901007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the literature there are hundreds of articles, the first dating back to 1866 and the last to 2014, on gymnemic acid, isolated from Gy mnema sylvestre, from its isolation to the determination of its biological activities. Gymnemic acid has a CAS number but its structure is not specified. Studies during the second half of the 1970s clearly demonstrated that what was being referred to as gymnemic acid is actually a very complex mixture of dozens of substances, belonging to different classes of natural compounds. This plant, whose infusions or complex mixtures of its metabolites are the basis for many formulas sold in pharmacies and by herbalists, has anti-diabetic and slimming effects. It is certainly misleading to talk about gymnemic acid as a specific molecule. There may be doubts about the exact composition of the products, and consequently about their origin and the claimed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Tecno-Bios srl, Piazza San G. Moscati, IT- 82030 Apollosa (BN), Italy
| | - Valeria Romanucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Gravante
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Marino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy
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Fabio GD, Romanucci V, De Marco A, Zarrelli A. Triterpenoids from Gymnema sylvestre and their pharmacological activities. Molecules 2014; 19:10956-81. [PMID: 25072200 PMCID: PMC6270848 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190810956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because plants are estimated to produce over 200,000 metabolites, research into new natural substances that can be used in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and agro-industrial production of drugs, biopesticides and food additives has grown in recent years. The global market for plant-derived drugs over the last decade has been estimated to be approximately 30.69 billion USD. A relevant specific example of a plant that is very interesting for its numerous pharmacological properties, which include antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, and neuroprotective effects is Gymnema sylvestre, used as a medicinal plant in Asia for thousands of years. Its properties are attributed to triterpenoidic saponins. In light of the considerable interest generated in the chemistry and pharmacological properties of G. sylvestre triterpenes and their analogues, we have undertaken this review in an effort to summarise the available literature on these promising bioactive natural products. The review will detail studies on the isolation, chemistry and bioactivity of the triterpenoids, which are presented in the tables. In particular the triterpenoids oxidised at C-23; their isolation, distribution in different parts of the plant, and their NMR spectral data; their names and physico-chemical characterisation; and the biological properties associated with these compounds, with a focus on their potential chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Valeria Romanucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Anna De Marco
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, IT-80126 Napoli, Italy.
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Inhibitory Effects of Gymnema (Gymnema sylvestre) Leaves on Tumour Promotion in Two-Stage Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:328684. [PMID: 24734106 PMCID: PMC3963214 DOI: 10.1155/2014/328684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol extracts of gymnema (Gymnema sylvestre) leaves exhibited marked antitumour-promoting activity in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test in mice using 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene as an initiator and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as a promoter. From the active fraction of the ethanol extract of the gymnema leaves, three triterpenoids were isolated and identified. These compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on TPA-induced inflammation (1 µg/ear) in mice. The tested compounds showed marked anti-inflammatory effects, with a 50% inhibitory dose of 50–555 nmol/ear.
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Zarrelli A, Ladhari A, Haouala R, Di Fabio G, Previtera L, DellaGreca M. New Acylated Oleanane and Lupane Triterpenes fromGymnema sylvestre. Helv Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201300047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Di Fabio G, Romanucci V, Zarrelli M, Giordano M, Zarrelli A. C-4 gem-dimethylated oleanes of Gymnema sylvestre and their pharmacological activities. Molecules 2013; 18:14892-919. [PMID: 24304585 PMCID: PMC6269971 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181214892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gymnema sylvestre R. Br., one of the most important medicinal plants of the Asclepiadaceae family, is a herb distributed throughout the World, predominantly in tropical countries. The plant, widely used for the treatment of diabetes and as a diuretic in Indian proprietary medicines, possesses beneficial digestive, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and anti-helmentic effects. Furthermore, it is believed to be useful in the treatment of dyspepsia, constipation, jaundice, hemorrhoids, cardiopathy, asthma, bronchitis and leucoderma. A literature survey revealed that some other notable pharmacological activities of the plant such as anti-obesity, hypolipidemic, antimicrobial, free radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties have been proven too. This paper aims to summarize the chemical and pharmacological reports on a large group of C-4 gem-dimethylated pentacyclic triterpenoids from Gymnema sylvestre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, Napoli 80126, Italy; E-Mails: (G.D.F.); (V.R.)
| | - Valeria Romanucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, Napoli 80126, Italy; E-Mails: (G.D.F.); (V.R.)
| | - Mauro Zarrelli
- IMCB-Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials CNR–National Research Council P E Fermi, (Granatello) Portici, Napoli 80055, Italy; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (M.G.)
| | - Michele Giordano
- IMCB-Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials CNR–National Research Council P E Fermi, (Granatello) Portici, Napoli 80055, Italy; E-Mails: (M.Z.); (M.G.)
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, Napoli 80126, Italy; E-Mails: (G.D.F.); (V.R.)
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