1
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Bąk K, Marques I, Kuhn H, Christensen KE, Félix V, Beer PD. Fullerene-Functionalized Halogen-Bonding Heteroditopic Hosts for Ion-Pair Recognition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27367-27379. [PMID: 38060428 PMCID: PMC10739994 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite their hydrophobic surfaces with localized π-holes and rigid well-defined architectures providing a scaffold for preorganizing binding motifs, fullerenes remain unexplored as potential supramolecular host platforms for the recognition of anions. Herein, we present the first example of the rational design, synthesis, and unique recognition properties of novel fullerene-functionalized halogen-bonding (XB) heteroditopic ion-pair receptors containing cation and anion binding domains spatially separated by C60. Fullerene spatial separation of the XB donors and the crown ether complexed potassium cation resulted in a rare example of an artificial receptor containing two anion binding sites with opposing preferences for hard and soft halides. Importantly, the incorporation of the C60 motif into the heteroditopic receptor structure has a significant effect on the halide binding selectivity, which is further amplified upon K+ cation binding. The potassium cation complexed fullerene-based receptors exhibit enhanced selectivity for the soft polarizable iodide ion which is assisted by the C60 scaffold preorganizing the potent XB-based binding domains, anion-π interactions, and the exceptional polarizability of the fullerene moiety, as evidenced from DFT calculations. These observations serve to highlight the unique properties of fullerene surfaces for proximal charged guest binding with potential applications in construction of selective molecular sensors and modulating the properties of solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof
M. Bąk
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Igor Marques
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Vítor Félix
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
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2
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Gutiérrez López MÁ, Tan ML, Renno G, Jozeliūnaitė A, Nué-Martinez JJ, Lopez-Andarias J, Sakai N, Matile S. Anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1881-1894. [PMID: 38116243 PMCID: PMC10729121 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anion-π catalysis, introduced in 2013, stands for the stabilization of anionic transition states on π-acidic aromatic surfaces. Anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes is particularly attractive because high polarizability promises access to really strong anion-π interactions. With these expectations, anion-π catalysis on fullerenes has been introduced in 2017, followed by carbon nanotubes in 2019. Consistent with expectations from theory, anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes generally increases with polarizability. Realized examples reach from enolate addition chemistry to asymmetric Diels-Alder reactions and autocatalytic ether cyclizations. Currently, anion-π catalysis on carbon allotropes gains momentum because the combination with electric-field-assisted catalysis promises transformative impact on organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mei-Ling Tan
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giacomo Renno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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3
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Deng Y, Shi X, Shi G, Lu X, Luo J, Deng L. One-Step Asymmetric Construction of 1,4-Stereocenters via Tandem Mannich-Isomerization Reactions Mediated by a Dual-Functional Betaine Catalyst. JACS AU 2022; 2:2678-2685. [PMID: 36590254 PMCID: PMC9795573 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The construction of chiral motifs containing nonadjacent stereocenters stands out as a major challenge as they are usually constructed in separate steps utilizing different chiral catalysts. Therefore, the development of new strategies to streamline the construction of such complex motifs has become a major focus of asymmetric synthesis. We report here an unprecedented asymmetric tandem Mannich-isomerization reaction that allows the direct construction of 1,4-stereocenters in a highly stereoselective manner. This asymmetric transformation demonstrated the potential of a tandem nucleophilic addition-isomerization reaction as a broadly useful strategy for the efficient construction of 1,4-stereocenters. Notably, this tandem reaction was mediated by a single chiral betaine as a dual-functional catalyst, promoting first an enantioselective intermolecular C-C bond forming reaction and next a stereoselective intramolecular 1,3-proton transfer reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang
Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province China
- Department
of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454-9110, United States
| | - Xiaohuo Shi
- Key
Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang
Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for
Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guangfa Shi
- Key
Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang
Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Key
Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang
Province, School of Science, Instrumentation and Service Center for
Molecular Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jisheng Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang
Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Li Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang
Province, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province China
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4
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Yamada M, Kurihara Y, Koizumi M, Tsuji K, Maeda Y, Suzuki M. Understanding the Nature and Strength of Noncovalent Face‐to‐Face Arene–Fullerene Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212279. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yukiyo Kurihara
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Masaaki Koizumi
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Kasumi Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry Josai University Sakado Saitama 350-0295 Japan
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5
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Yamada M, Kurihara Y, Koizumi M, Tsuji K, Maeda Y, Suzuki M. Understanding the Nature and Strength of Noncovalent Face‐to‐Face Arene–Fullerene Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Tokyo Gakugei University Department of Chemistry 4-1-1 Nukuikitamachi 184-8501 Koganei, Tokyo JAPAN
| | - Yukiyo Kurihara
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Masaaki Koizumi
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Kasumi Tsuji
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Tokyo Gakugei University: Tokyo Gakugei Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Josai University: Josai Daigaku Department of Chemistry JAPAN
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6
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Maynard JRJ, Galmés B, Stergiou AD, Symes MD, Frontera A, Goldup SM. Anion-π Catalysis Enabled by the Mechanical Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115961. [PMID: 35040543 PMCID: PMC9303940 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report a series of rotaxane-based anion-π catalysts in which the mechanical bond between a bipyridine macrocycle and an axle containing an NDI unit is intrinsic to the activity observed, including a [3]rotaxane that catalyses an otherwise disfavoured Michael addition in >60 fold selectivity over a competing decarboxylation pathway that dominates under Brønsted base conditions. The results are rationalized by detailed experimental investigations, electrochemical and computational analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartomeu Galmés
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCrta de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de MallorcaBalearesSpain
| | - Athanasios D. Stergiou
- WestCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow, Joseph Black BuildingUniversity AvenueGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Mark D. Symes
- WestCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow, Joseph Black BuildingUniversity AvenueGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCrta de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de MallorcaBalearesSpain
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7
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Maynard JRJ, Galmés B, Stergiou A, Symes M, Frontera A, Goldup SM. Anion‐π Catalysis Enabled by the Mechanical Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark Symes
- University of Glasgow Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
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8
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Yamada M, Narita H, Maeda Y. A Fullerene‐Based Molecular Torsion Balance for Investigating Noncovalent Interactions at the C
60
Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Haruna Narita
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
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9
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Yamada M, Narita H, Maeda Y. A Fullerene-Based Molecular Torsion Balance for Investigating Noncovalent Interactions at the C 60 Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16133-16140. [PMID: 32458522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the nature and strength of noncovalent interactions at the fullerene surface, molecular torsion balances consisting of C60 and organic moieties connected through a biphenyl linkage were synthesized. NMR and computational studies show that the unimolecular system remains in equilibrium between well-defined folded and unfolded conformers owing to restricted rotation around the biphenyl C-C bond. The energy differences between the two conformers depend on the substituents and is ascribed to differences in the intramolecular noncovalent interactions between the organic moieties and the fullerene surface. Fullerenes favor interacting with the π-faces of benzenes bearing electron-donating substituents. The correlation between the folding free energies and corresponding Hammett constants of the substituents in the arene-containing torsion balances reflects the contributions of the electrostatic interactions and dispersion force to face-to-face arene-fullerene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Haruna Narita
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
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10
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Pham AT, Matile S. Peptide Stapling with Anion-π Catalysts. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1562-1566. [PMID: 32311232 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report design, synthesis and evaluation of a series of naphthalenediimides (NDIs) that are bridged with short peptides. Reminiscent of peptide stapling technologies, the macrocycles are conveniently accessible by a chromogenic nucleophilic aromatic substitution of two bromides in the NDI core with two thiols from cysteine sidechains. The dimension of core-bridged NDIs matches that of one turn of an α helix. NDI-stapled peptides exist as two, often separable atropisomers. Introduction of tertiary amine bases in amino-acid sidechains above the π-acidic NDI surface affords operational anion-π catalysts. According to an enolate chemistry benchmark reaction, anion-π catalysis next to peptides occurs with record chemoselectivity but weak enantioselectivity. Catalytic activity drops with increasing distance of the amine base to the NDI surface, looser homocysteine bridges, mismatched, shortened and elongated α-helix turns, and acyclic peptide controls. Elongation of isolated turns into short α helices significantly increases activity. This increase is consistent with remote control of anion-π catalysis from the α-helix macrodipole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Tuan Pham
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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11
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Zhang X, Hao X, Liu L, Pham AT, López-Andarias J, Frontera A, Sakai N, Matile S. Primary Anion−π Catalysis and Autocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17867-17871. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva CH 1211, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva CH 1211, Switzerland
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva CH 1211, Switzerland
| | - Anh-Tuan Pham
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva CH 1211, Switzerland
| | | | - Antonio Frontera
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca 07122, Spain
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva CH 1211, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva CH 1211, Switzerland
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12
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Zhao Y, Cotelle Y, Liu L, López-Andarias J, Bornhof AB, Akamatsu M, Sakai N, Matile S. The Emergence of Anion-π Catalysis. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:2255-2263. [PMID: 30188692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this Account is to summarize the first five years of anion-π catalysis. The general idea of anion-π catalysis is to stabilize anionic transition states on aromatic surfaces. This is complementary to the stabilization of cationic transition states on aromatic surfaces, a mode of action that occurs in nature and is increasingly used in chemistry. Anion-π catalysis, however, rarely occurs in nature and has been unexplored in chemistry. Probably because the attraction of anions to π surfaces as such is counterintuitive, anion-π interactions in general are much younger than cation-π interactions and remain under-recognized until today. Anion-π catalysis has emerged from early findings that anion-π interactions can mediate the transport of anions across lipid bilayer membranes. With this evidence for stabilization in the ground state secured, there was no reason to believe that anion-π interactions could not also stabilize anionic transition states. As an attractive reaction to develop anion-π catalysis, the addition of malonic acid half thioesters to enolate acceptors was selected. This choice was also made because without enzymes decarboxylation is preferred and anion-π interactions promised to catalyze selectively the disfavored but relevant enolate addition. Concerning anion-π catalysts, we started with naphthalene diimides (NDIs) because their intrinsic quadrupole moment is highly positive. The NDI scaffold was used to address questions such as the positioning of substrates on the catalytic π surface or the dependence of activity on the π acidity of this π surface. With the basics in place, the next milestone was the creation of anion-π enzymes, that is, enzymes that operate with an interaction rarely used in biology, at least on intrinsically π-acidic or highly polarizable aromatic amino-acid side chains. Electric-field-assisted anion-π catalysis addresses topics such as heterogeneous catalysis on electrodes and remote control of activity by voltage. On π-stacked foldamers, anion-(π) n-π catalysis was discovered. Fullerenes emerged as the scaffold of choice to explore contributions from polarizability. On fullerenes, anionic transition states are stabilized by large macrodipoles that appear only in response to their presence. With this growing collection of anion-π catalysts, several reactions beyond enolate addition have been explored so far. Initial efforts focused on asymmetric anion-π catalysis. Increasing enantioselectivity with increasing π acidity of the active π surface has been exemplified for enamine and iminium chemistry and for anion-π transaminase mimics. However, the delocalized nature of anion-π interactions calls for the stabilization of charge displacements over longer distances. The first step in this direction was the formation of cyclohexane rings with five stereogenic centers from achiral acyclic substrates on π-acidic surfaces. Moreover, the intrinsically disfavored exo transition state of anionic Diels-Alder reactions is stabilized selectively on π-acidic surfaces; endo products and otherwise preferred Michael addition products are completely suppressed. Taken together, we hope that these results on catalyst design and reaction scope will establish anion-π catalysis as a general principle in catalysis in the broadest sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoann Cotelle
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Anna-Bea Bornhof
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Masaaki Akamatsu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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13
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Benz S, Besnard C, Matile S. Chalcogen‐Bonding Catalysis: From Neutral to Cationic Benzodiselenazole Scaffolds. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Benz
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 CH‐1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Celine Besnard
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 CH‐1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 CH‐1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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14
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Macchione M, Tsemperouli M, Goujon A, Mallia AR, Sakai N, Sugihara K, Matile S. Mechanosensitive Oligodithienothiophenes: Transmembrane Anion Transport Along Chalcogen-Bonding Cascades. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Macchione
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Maria Tsemperouli
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Antoine Goujon
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Ajith R. Mallia
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Kaori Sugihara
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry; National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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15
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Bornhof AB, Bauzá A, Aster A, Pupier M, Frontera A, Vauthey E, Sakai N, Matile S. Synergistic Anion–(π)n–π Catalysis on π-Stacked Foldamers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4884-4892. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Frontera
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
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16
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Benz S, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Low-Ders N, Matile S. Catalysis with Pnictogen, Chalcogen, and Halogen Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Benz
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Low-Ders
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
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17
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Benz S, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Low-Ders N, Matile S. Catalysis with Pnictogen, Chalcogen, and Halogen Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5408-5412. [PMID: 29558562 PMCID: PMC5947745 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Halogen‐ and chalcogen‐based σ‐hole interactions have recently received increased interest in non‐covalent organocatalysis. However, the closely related pnictogen bonds have been neglected. In this study, we introduce conceptually simple, neutral, and monodentate pnictogen‐bonding catalysts. Solution and in silico binding studies, together with high catalytic activity in chloride abstraction reactions, yield compelling evidence for operational pnictogen bonds. The depth of the σ holes is easily varied with different substituents. Comparison with homologous halogen‐ and chalcogen‐bonding catalysts shows an increase in activity from main group VII to V and from row 3 to 5 in the periodic table. Pnictogen bonds from antimony thus emerged as by far the best among the elements covered, a finding that provides most intriguing perspectives for future applications in catalysis and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Benz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Low-Ders
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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