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Pujantell M, Skenteris NT, Claussen JM, Grünhagel B, Thiele RJ, Altfeld M. Sex-dependent differences in type I IFN-induced natural killer cell activation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277967. [PMID: 38162640 PMCID: PMC10757368 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important antiviral effector cells and also involved in tumor clearance. NK cells express IFNAR, rendering them responsive to Type I IFNs. To evaluate Type I IFN-mediated modulation of NK cell functions, individual Type I IFNs subtypes were assessed for their ability to activate NK cells. Different Type I IFN subtypes displayed a broad range in the capacity to induce and modulate NK cell activation and degranulation, measured by CD69 and CD107a expression in response to leukemia cell line K562. When including biological sex as a variable in the analysis, transwell co-cultures of NK cells with either male- or female-derived PBMCs or pDCs stimulated with the TLR7/8 agonist CL097 showed that NK cells were more activated by CL097-stimulated cells derived from females. These sex-specific differences were linked to higher CL097-induced IFNα production by pDCs derived from females, indicating an extrinsic sex-specific effect of Type I IFNs on NK cell function. Interestingly, in addition to the extrinsic effect, we also observed NK cell-intrinsic sex differences, as female NK cells displayed higher activation levels after IFNα-stimulation and after co-culture with CL097-stimulated pDCs, suggesting higher activation of IFNα-signaling transduction in female NK cells. Taken together, the results from these studies identify both extrinsic and intrinsic sex-specific differences in Type I IFN-dependent NK cell functions, contributing to a better understanding of sex-specific differences in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pujantell
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Benjamin Grünhagel
- Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca-Jo Thiele
- Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Altfeld
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Department Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology (LIV), Hamburg, Germany
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Kent T, Scott G, Seifert R. A case of clinically aggressive EBV-negative ENKTL in a non-Asian female patient. J Hematop 2023; 16:33-38. [PMID: 38175370 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-023-00529-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The patient was a 65-year-old White woman who presented to dermatology with a painless, rapidly growing exophytic nodule on her left upper cheek. AIMS/PURPOSE In this case report, we aim to demonstrate the difficulty of diagnosing Epstein-Barr virus-negative extranodal NK cell lymphomas given the broad differential of NK cell lymphomas and the rarity of EBV-negative extranodal NK cell lymphoma. METHODS Immunohistochemical studies confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous, extranodal NK cell lymphoma. Interestingly, Epstein-Barr virus in situ hybridization was negative, which is unusual for most NK cell lymphomas. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS In our view, a combination of immunohistochemistry, clonality assessment, sequencing, and flow cytometric studies is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kent
- University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Gregory Scott
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert Seifert
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Tvedten E, Richardson J, Motaparthi K. What Effect Does Epstein-Barr Virus Have on Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma Prognosis? A Review of 153 Reported Cases. Cureus 2021; 13:e17987. [PMID: 34540511 PMCID: PMC8445857 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this review is to identify the relationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and prognosis in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL). Additionally, a literature review of ENKTL was carried out. The investigators designed and implemented a 21-year literature review using the online databases PubMed and Google Scholar. The total number of cases analyzed was 153 (64 case reports; one comparative study; one systematic review). Information related to ENKTL from July 1999 to February 2021 was included in the study. Study variables included: patient demographics, tumor classification, screening modalities, tumor characteristics, symptomatology, treatment, and prognosis. The average age at diagnosis was 50.9 years (range: 4-90 years). Patients of Asian ethnicity were most commonly affected, and there was a 1.6:1 male to female ratio. ENKTL was most frequently detected in the head and neck region, and 53.1% of cases metastasized. Of all head and neck cases, the nose was the most affected location. Immunohistochemistry positivity included: EBV (32.0%), CD2 (96.6%), CD3ϵ (81.7%), CD43 (91.7%), CD56 (86.4%), Granzyme (97.1%), Perforin (90.9%), TIA-1 (97.8%), p53 (33.3%). The most frequently employed single treatment modality was chemotherapy alone, and 34.2% of patients expired within five years of diagnosis. The average follow-up period was 16.51 months (range: 0.25-66 months). EBV was significantly associated with metastatic ENKTL (χ2 = 4.36; CV = 3.84; p = 0.037). We found no association between EBV and ENKTL prognosis (χ2 = 17.2; CV = 21.0; p = 0.14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tvedten
- Department of Dermatology, Michigan State University, Detroit, USA
| | | | - Kiran Motaparthi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
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Wang W, Nong L, Liang L, Zheng Y, Li D, Li X, Li T. Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type without evidence of EBV infection. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2665-2676. [PMID: 32782583 PMCID: PMC7401002 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma-nasal type (EN-NK/T-NT) is extremely rare in Western countries; however, it is the most common subtype of peripheral T cell lymphoma in China. Despite this, there are a limited number of clinicopathological research studies on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative EN-NK/T-NTs. EBV-negative EN-NK/T-NT is a rare disease type, which has not been fully investigated. If other diagnostic criteria are met, such as the lesions being located predominantly in the upper aerodigestive tract, the presence of angiocentricity or angioinvasion, necrosis and expression of NK/T-cell phenotype, EN-NK/T-NT may be diagnosed, even if EBV is negative. In the present study, 99 cases of EN-NK/T-NTs were analyzed retrospectively, among which seven cases were EBV-negative EN-NK/T-NTs and selected for further investigation. In addition, the present study reviewed previously published research into EN-NK/T-NT, highlighting that EBV-negative EN-NK/T-NT is rare and that its geographical distribution is mainly in countries in Asia, Central America and South America. Patients with EBV-negative EN-NK/T-NT were all of Chinese ethnicity, with a median age of 32 years and primarily female. Furthermore, these patients shared similar clinicopathological characteristics (such as the tumor occurring mainly in the upper aerodigestive tract, the presence of vascular destruction, necrosis and cytotoxic phenotypes) to patients with EBV-positive EN-NK/T-NT. Immunohistochemistry and molecular analysis results indicated that tumor cells were primarily of NK or cytotoxic T origin; however, EBV-encoded small RNAs were not detected in any of these cases. Among the immunochemistry markers, T-bet was statistical significantly different between EBV-positive and -negative cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was also performed in two EBV-negative cases, including one case with a co-deletion of 6q21 and PR/SET domain 1 genes. There was only available follow-up data in 3/5 patients who survived for 37–113 months (median, 40 months). As EN-NK/T-NT can be diagnosed, even when EBV is negative, awareness of this subtype may prevent misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Lin Nong
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Yalin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
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Küçük C, Wang J, Xiang Y, You H. Epigenetic aberrations in natural killer/T-cell lymphoma: diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2020; 12:1758835919900856. [PMID: 32127923 PMCID: PMC7036507 DOI: 10.1177/1758835919900856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an aggressive malignancy that usually presents in the upper aerodigestive tract. This malignancy shows substantial geographic variability in incidence, and is characterized by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections. Epigenetic aberrations may dysregulate the expression of genes involved in different hallmarks of cancer. A growing body of evidence underscores the importance of epigenetic aberrations in the pathogenesis of NKTCL. Promoter hypermethylation is a common epigenetic mechanism for the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. Several epigenetically silenced tumour suppressor candidates (e.g. PRDM1, BIM) were identified in this aggressive cancer using locus-specific and genome-wide promoter methylation analyses. Importantly, genes involved in epigenetic modifications were identified to be mutated (e.g. KMT2D) or methylated (e.g. TET2) in NKTCL patients, which may contribute to pathogenesis through global alterations in chromatin states. Cancer-associated microRNAs, some of which are expressed by EBV, and long noncoding RNAs have been observed to be dysregulated in NKTCL. This review focuses on studies investigating epigenetic aberrations in NKTCL to bolster our overall understanding of the role of these abnormalities in disease pathobiology. We also discuss the potential of these epigenetic aberrations to improve diagnosis and prognosis as well as reveal novel targets of therapy for NKTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Küçük
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junli Wang
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua You
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, No.78 Heng-Zhi-Gang Road, Yue Xiu District, Guangzhou 510095, China
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Gao S, Zhou Y, Jin X, Lin Z, Zhong Y, Shen X. Primary vitreoretinal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma with breast involvement: A case report and review of the literature. Surv Ophthalmol 2019; 64:225-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nevel KS, Pentsova E, Daras M. Clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of patients with central nervous system involvement in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:1677-1684. [PMID: 30648449 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1551541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is a rare type of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which rarely metastasizes to the central nervous system (CNS). Ten of 60 patients (16.7%) with ENKTCL followed at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) were diagnosed with CNS involvement between 1995 and 2016. Eight patients had systemic disease at the time of CNS diagnosis; one patient never developed systemic disease and another was in remission at the time of CNS relapse. Median overall survival was 3.8 months; at time of this report 9 patients have died and one who underwent autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is alive 27 months after CNS diagnosis. Five patients achieved a complete response in the CNS; one is still alive, one died of systemic disease, and three died of infection. CNS ENKTCL portends a grim prognosis, with no standard treatment. Prospective study on ASCT and immunotherapy in CNS ENKTCL is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn S Nevel
- a Department of Neurology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Elena Pentsova
- a Department of Neurology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - Mariza Daras
- a Department of Neurology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
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Xiong J, Zhao WL. Advances in multiple omics of natural-killer/T cell lymphoma. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:134. [PMID: 30514323 PMCID: PMC6280527 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural-killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) represents the most common subtype of extranodal lymphoma with aggressive clinical behavior. Prevalent in Asians and South Americans, the pathogenesis of NKTCL remains to be fully elucidated. Using system biology techniques including genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics, novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets have been revealed in NKTCL. Whole-exome sequencing studies identify recurrent somatic gene mutations, involving RNA helicases, tumor suppressors, JAK-STAT pathway molecules, and epigenetic modifiers. Another genome-wide association study reports that single nucleotide polymorphisms mapping to the class II MHC region on chromosome 6 contribute to lymphomagenesis. Alterations of oncogenic signaling pathways janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), WNT, and NOTCH, as well as epigenetic dysregulation of microRNA and long non-coding RNAs, are also frequently observed in NKTCL. As for metabolomic profiling, abnormal amino acids metabolism plays an important role on disease progression of NKTCL. Of note, through targeting multiple omics aberrations, clinical outcome of NKTCL patients has been significantly improved by asparaginase-based regimens, immune checkpoints inhibitors, and histone deacetylation inhibitors. Future investigations will be emphasized on molecular classification of NKTCL using integrated analysis of system biology, so as to optimize targeted therapeutic strategies of NKTCL in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei-Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Pôle de Recherches Sino-Français en Science du Vivant et Génomique, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Shanghai, China.
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