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Carsote M, Ciobica ML, Sima OC, Ciuche A, Popa-Velea O, Stanciu M, Popa FL, Nistor C. Personalized Management of Malignant and Non-Malignant Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid: A Proposed 10-Item Algorithm Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1868. [PMID: 38791947 PMCID: PMC11120123 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the management of the ectopic mediastinal thyroid (EMT) with respect to EMT-related cancer and non-malignant findings related to the pathological report, clinical presentation, imaging traits, endocrine profile, connective tissue to the cervical (eutopic) thyroid gland, biopsy or fine needle aspiration (FNA) results, surgical techniques and post-operatory outcome. This was a comprehensive review based on revising any type of freely PubMed-accessible English, full-length original papers including the keywords "ectopic thyroid" and "mediastinum" from inception until March 2024. We included 89 original articles that specified EMTs data. We classified them into four main groups: (I) studies/case series (n = 10; N = 36 EMT patients); (II) malignant EMTs (N = 22 subjects; except for one newborn with immature teratoma in the EMT, only adults were reported; mean age of 62.94 years; ranges: 34 to 90 years; female to male ratio of 0.9). Histological analysis in adults showed the following: papillary (N = 11/21); follicular variant of the papillary type (N = 2/21); Hürthle cell thyroid follicular malignancy (N = 1/21); poorly differentiated (N = 1/21); anaplastic (N = 2/21); medullary (N = 1/21); lymphoma (N = 2/21); and MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) (N = 1/21); (III) benign EMTs with no thyroid anomalies (N = 37 subjects; mean age of 56.32 years; ranges: 30 to 80 years; female to male ratio of 1.8); (IV) benign EMTs with thyroid anomalies (N = 23; female to male ratio of 5.6; average age of 52.1 years). This panel involved clinical/subclinical hypothyroidism (iatrogenic, congenital, thyroiditis-induced, and transitory type upon EMT removal); thyrotoxicosis (including autonomous activity in EMTs that suppressed eutopic gland); autoimmune thyroiditis/Graves's disease; nodules/multinodular goiter and cancer in eutopic thyroid or prior thyroidectomy (before EMT detection). We propose a 10-item algorithm that might help navigate through the EMT domain. To conclude, across this focused-sample analysis (to our knowledge, the largest of its kind) of EMTs, the EMT clinical index of suspicion remains low; a higher rate of cancer is reported than prior data (18.8%), incident imagery-based detection was found in 10-14% of the EMTs; surgery offered an overall good outcome. A wide range of imagery, biopsy/FNA and surgical procedures is part of an otherwise complex personalized management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Carsote
- Department of Endocrinology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Clinical Endocrinology V, “C.I. Parhon” National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai-Lucian Ciobica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine I and Rheumatology, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana-Claudia Sima
- PhD Doctoral School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adrian Ciuche
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Thoracic Surgery Department, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Popa-Velea
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Stanciu
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Florina Ligia Popa
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
- Thoracic Surgery Department, “Dr. Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
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Tang Y, Yan T, Qiu W, Ding Z, Fan Y, Jiao Q, Yang Z. Surgery is a Viable Treatment Option for Stage IE Primary Thyroid Lymphoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1108-1115. [PMID: 37925658 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stage IE primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) has been diagnosed in approximately half of patients with PTL; however, the optimal treatment for stage IE PTL has not yet been established. METHODS Stage IE PTL patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1998 and 2019. Thereafter, the disease-specific survival (DSS) and treatment modalities (surgery alone, surgery + radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy (CT), and RT and/or CT) of these patients were compared by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test after propensity score matching (PSM). Additionally, patients with PTL from the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University and School of Medicine (Shanghai, China) between 2007 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed as an external cohort. RESULTS Among the 1596 patients with PTL from the SEER database, 842 were identified as patients with stage IE PTL, with an average follow-up period of 7.8 years. Pairwise analysis after PSM revealed no significant difference between the DSS of the three treatment groups. A total of 38 patients with PTL were identified in the external cohort, with an average follow-up period of 3.4 years. Compared with the RT and/or CT group, the surgery-alone group showed no significant difference in the incidence of hypothyroidism (p = 0.161) but had significantly fewer treatment-related complications (p = 0.021), shorter treatment duration (p < 0.001), and lower treatment costs (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study demonstrate that surgery is a viable treatment option for patients with stage IE PTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Tang
- Department of Thyroid, Parathyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Department of Thyroid, Parathyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangwang Qiu
- Department of Thyroid, Parathyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Ding
- Department of Thyroid, Parathyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Youben Fan
- Department of Thyroid, Parathyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Jiao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhili Yang
- Department of Thyroid, Parathyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Peng C, Yi D, Zhou Y, Yao J, Chen B, Yang C, Xu D. Differential diagnosis of non-diffuse primary thyroid lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma by ultrasound combined with computed tomography. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:938. [PMID: 36042430 PMCID: PMC9429725 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are both thyroid malignancies, but their therapeutic methods and prognosis are different. This study aims to explore their sonographic and computed tomography(CT)features, and to improve the early diagnosis rate. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 50 patients with non-diffuse PTL and 100 patients with PTC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analysed. Results Of the 150 patients, from the perspective of clinical data, between non-diffuse PTL and PTC patients existed significant difference in age, maximum diameter of nodule, asymmetric enlargement and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (P < 0.001), but not in gender ratio, echo texture, cystic change and anteroposterior-to-transverse ratio (P > 0.05). With respect to sonographic feature, non-diffuse PTL patients had a higher proportion than PTC patients in markedly hypoechoic, internal linear echogenic strands, posterior echo enhancement, rich vascularity, lack of calcification and homogeneous enhancement, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05), while PTC patients had a higher proportion than non-diffuse PTL patients in irregular border, circumscribed margin, capsular invasion and significant enhancement, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). With respect to CT feature, non-diffuse PTL patients were significantly different from PTC patients in the non-contrast CT value mean, venous phase CT value mean, enhanced intensity and homogeneity of nodules (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.226, 95%CI:1.056 ~ 1.423, P = 0.007), posterior echo enhancement (OR = 51.152, 95%CI: 2.934 ~ 891.738, P = 0.007), lack of calcification (OR = 0.013, 95%CI: 0.000 ~ 0.400, P = 0.013) and homogeneous enhancement (OR = 0.020, 95%CI: 0.001 ~ 0.507, P = 0.018) were independent risk factors. Conclusions Sonographic and CT features of the presence of posterior echo enhancement, lack of calcification and homogeneous enhancement were valuable to distinguishing non-diffuse PTL from PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Peng
- Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), No.1 East Banshan 7 Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Dan Yi
- Department of Ultrasound, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 312000, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jincao Yao
- Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), No.1 East Banshan 7 Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), No.1 East Banshan 7 Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, China. .,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), No.1 East Banshan 7 Road, Gongshu District, Hangzhou, 310022, China. .,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China. .,Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310022, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Cancer Intelligent Diagnosis and Molecular Technology, Hangzhou, 310022, China.
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The Risk of Developing Lymphoma among Autoimmune Thyroid Disorder Patients: A Cross-Section Study. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4354595. [PMID: 35692889 PMCID: PMC9187447 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4354595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) are the most common types of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), and both are characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes into the thyroid gland. Moreover, autoimmune diseases like HT have a higher risk of developing lymphoma. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence and association of lymphoma in patients with AITD. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were gathered from the medical records of patients aged 18 years or older who developed AITD. A total number of 140 medical records were collected, and 72 patients were included after applying in exclusion criteria. Data on the subtype, clinical-stage, treatment modality, patient status, remission, and relapse were collected for patients who developed lymphoma. Results Among 72 patients who developed AITD, HT was diagnosed in 58 (80.6%) patients and GD in 14 (19.4%). Five (7%) patients were diagnosed with lymphoma all of whom had a history of HT. The subtypes of lymphoma were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL 3; 4.2%), follicular lymphoma 1 (1.4%), and Hodgkin's lymphoma 1 (1.4%). Conclusion The prevalence of PTL in patients with AITD, specifically HT, was 7%. Most patients developed NHL, with DLBCL being the most common subtype. The onset of lymphoma in this study was lower than reported in the literature. All patients with PTL had HT in their backgrounds. Further national studies are warranted to explore the relationship between the two diseases to provide more insight into the comprehension of this association.
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Sandru F, Carsote M, Albu SE, Dumitrascu MC, Valea A. Vitiligo and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. J Med Life 2021; 14:127-130. [PMID: 34104234 PMCID: PMC8169145 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo, the discoloration of the skin, has different autoimmune mechanisms reflected by many biomarkers as shown by skin histology, staining for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, chemokine ligand 9 or circulating cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1 beta, interferon (IFN)-gamma, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, antibodies, markers of oxidative stress, chemokines, and others. In this narrative review, we aim to overview vitiligo in relationship with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. Regarding vitiligo, more than 50 different genetic loci have been associated with this disease, and the heritability is high. There is a 20% risk of an environmental connection which may also act as a trigger; moreover, the association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression is well recognized. The specific lesions display CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells as continuous key activators of melanocytes. The association with chronic thyroiditis is based on common autoimmune background and excessive reactive oxygen species that destroy melanocytes and thyrocytes (oxidative stress hypothesis) with thyroxine and melanin as target molecules, thus sharing a common origin: tyrosine. Moreover, common epigenetic anomalies or mutations of the Forkhead transcription factor D3 (FOXD3) have been described. Since vitiligo affects up to 1–2% of the population worldwide and 34% of patients have positive thyroid antibodies, apart from common autoimmunity background and oxidative stress toxicity, the association is clinically relevant for different practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florica Sandru
- Department of Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mara Carsote
- Department of Endocrinology, C. I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Elena Albu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Cristian Dumitrascu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Valea
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical County Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Schonfeld SJ, Morton LM, Berrington de González A, Curtis RE, Kitahara CM. Risk of second primary papillary thyroid cancer among adult cancer survivors in the United States, 2000-2015. Cancer Epidemiol 2019; 64:101664. [PMID: 31884334 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2019.101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While radiotherapy is a major risk factor for thyroid cancer after childhood cancer, factors contributing to increased thyroid cancer risk after adulthood cancer remain unclear. METHODS We evaluated second primary papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) risk among 3,175,216 ≥ 1-year adult survivors of non-thyroid malignancies from US population-based cancer registries (2000-2015), using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Because heightened surveillance may increase detection of indolent thyroid tumors and earlier detection of advanced tumors, we examined SIRs by PTC stage and time since first cancer (latency). RESULTS SIRs for second primary PTC (N = 4333) were statistically-significantly 1.2-3.5-fold elevated overall and after 23/27 first cancer types evaluated, with generally similar risks for localized and regional/distant PTC. SIRs for regional/distant PTC (N = 1501) were highest after pancreatic (SIR = 3.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.9-6.5) and soft tissue (SIR = 4.2; 95%CI = 2.8-6.2) cancers, followed by melanoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and larynx, kidney, and brain/central nervous system (SIRs = 2.0-2.9) cancers. SIRs typically decreased with increasing latency but remained statistically-significantly elevated for regional/distant-PTC ≥5 years after diagnosis of cancers of the rectum, pancreas, lung/bronchus, soft tissue, female breast, uterine corpus, prostate, and kidney, and after melanoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, CLL/SLL, and follicular lymphoma. Neither total nor regional/distant PTC were clearly associated with initial course of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS PTC risk was elevated after a range of first primary adult cancers but was not clearly related to treatment. Although surveillance may contribute to elevated short-term risks of PTC, longer-term elevations in regional/distant PTC may be attributable to shared risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Schonfeld
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9778 Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, United States.
| | - Lindsay M Morton
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9778 Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, United States
| | - Amy Berrington de González
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9778 Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, United States
| | - Rochelle E Curtis
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9778 Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, United States
| | - Cari M Kitahara
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, MSC 9778 Bethesda, MD, 20892-9778, United States
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Peiró I, Palmero R, Iglesias P, Díez JJ, Simó-Servat A, Marín JA, Jiménez L, Domingo-Domenech E, Mancho-Fora N, Nadal E, Villabona C. Thyroid dysfunction induced by nivolumab: searching for disease patterns and outcomes. Endocrine 2019; 64:605-613. [PMID: 30805887 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nivolumab is a monoclonal antibody that blocks the activation of programmed death-1 receptor, promoting T-cell activation against cancer cells. Thyroid dysfunction (TD) is a common immune-related adverse event (irAE) induced by nivolumab. We report the prevalence, patterns and outcomes of nivolumab-induced TD among cancer patients in our center. METHODS All patients treated with nivolumab during 2016 were included. We assessed thyroid function tests, thyroid autoimmunity, thyroid imaging, and clinical outcome during nivolumab therapy as well as overall survival (OS). RESULTS Seventy-three patients (55 with non-small-cell lung cancer [NSCLC], 9 with melanoma and 9 with Hodgkin lymphoma) were included. Median of follow up: 390.5 days. Seventeen patients (23.3%) developed TD during treatment. Thyrotoxicosis was reported in seven patients. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) nadir occurred after a median of 51 days (95% CI: 35-71). Thyroid antibodies were positive in three of the seven patients. Five of the seven hyperthyroid patients became hypothyroid later, and four of them required levothyroxine treatment. Primary hypothyroidism occurred in ten patients. Serum TSH peak occurred after a median of 110 days [95% CI: 85.2-197]. Thyroid autoimmunity was positive in one patient. In patients with NSCLC, TD was associated with better OS (HR = 0.4 [95% CI: 0.17-0.94]; p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS TD induced by nivolumab is a common and heterogeneous irAE. Thyrotoxicosis develops earlier than hypothyroidism. A pattern consistent with a transient thyroiditis followed by hypothyroidism was observed in one-third of patients. Our results suggest that patients with NSCLC and nivolumab-induced TD might have better survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Peiró
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Avda Gran Via, 199-203, Barcelona, 08908, Spain.
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Biomedical Research Institute of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ramón Palmero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Research in Solid Tumors (CReST) Group, Oncobell, Biomedical Research Institute of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Iglesias
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Díez
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreu Simó-Servat
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marín
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Jiménez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Research in Solid Tumors (CReST) Group, Oncobell, Biomedical Research Institute of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Domingo-Domenech
- Department of Hematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Mancho-Fora
- Biostatistics Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Català d'Oncologia (ICO), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Research in Solid Tumors (CReST) Group, Oncobell, Biomedical Research Institute of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Villabona
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Marco-Alacid C, López-Merseguer M, Sánchez-Juan C. Secondary thyroid malignancy from metastatic colon lymphoma. BMJ Case Rep 2019; 12:12/3/e228591. [PMID: 30878969 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-228591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary thyroid malignancy is more frequent than secondary. This case report describes a colon lymphoma with unique thyroid metastasis. When a thyroid lesion appears in an extension study such as Positron emission tomography-computed tomography marked with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, it is recommended to perform an ultrasound. The correct study with ultrasound and cytology obtained through fine needle aspiration on thyroid lesion allowed to refine the diagnosis and provide the correct treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Marco-Alacid
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de València, Valencia, Comunitat Valenciana, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Comunitad Valenciana, Spain
| | - Mario López-Merseguer
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de València, Valencia, Comunitat Valenciana, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Comunitad Valenciana, Spain
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Juan
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de València, Valencia, Comunitat Valenciana, Spain.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Comunitad Valenciana, Spain
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