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Nguyen CH, Schlerka A, Grandits AM, Koller E, van der Kouwe E, Vassiliou GS, Staber PB, Heller G, Wieser R. IL2RA Promotes Aggressiveness and Stem Cell-Related Properties of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4527-4539. [PMID: 32873636 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of IL2RA, which encodes the alpha chain of the IL2 receptor, is associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor outcome in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The clinical potential of anti-IL2RA therapy is, therefore, being explored in early-stage clinical trials. Notwithstanding, only very limited information regarding the biological function of IL2RA in AML is available. Using genetic manipulation of IL2RA expression as well as antibody-mediated inhibition of IL2RA in human cell lines, mouse models, and primary patient samples, we investigated the effects of IL2RA on AML cell proliferation and apoptosis, and on pertinent signaling pathways. The impact of IL2RA on the properties of leukemic stem cells (LSC) and on leukemogenesis were queried. IL2RA promoted proliferation and cell-cycle activity and inhibited apoptosis in human AML cell lines and primary cells. These phenotypes were accompanied by corresponding alterations in cell-cycle machinery and in pathways associated with cell survival and apoptosis. The biological roles of IL2RA were confirmed in two genetically distinct AML mouse models, revealing that IL2RA inhibits differentiation, promotes stem cell-related properties, and is required for leukemogenesis. IL2RA antibodies inhibited leukemic, but not normal, hematopoietic cells and synergized with other antileukemic agents in this regard. Collectively, these data show for the first time that IL2RA plays key biological roles in AML and underscore its value as a potential therapeutic target in this disease. SIGNIFICANCE: This study identifies IL2RA as a potential therapeutic target in AML, where it is shown to regulate proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, stem cell-related properties, and leukemogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Prognosis
- Stem Cells/pathology
- fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Huu Nguyen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angela Schlerka
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander M Grandits
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Emiel van der Kouwe
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp B Staber
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerwin Heller
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rotraud Wieser
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
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Zhang T, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Zhou J. Expression and prognosis analysis of TET family in acute myeloid leukemia. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5031-5047. [PMID: 32209730 PMCID: PMC7138570 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
TET family members (TETs) encode proteins that represent crucial factors in the active DNA demethylation pathway. Evidence has proved that TET2 mutation is associated with leukemogenesis, drug response, and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, few studies revealed the TETs expression and its clinical significance in AML. We conducted a detailed expression and prognosis analysis of TETs expression in human AML cell lines and patients by using public databases. We observed that TETs expression especially TET2 and TET3 was closely associated with AML among various human cancers. TET1 expression was significantly reduced in AML patients, whereas TET2 and TET3 expression was significantly increased. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that only TET3 expression was associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) among both total AML as well as non-M3 AML, and was confirmed by another independent cohort. Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed that TET3 expression may act as an independent prognostic factor for OS and DFS in total AML. Interestingly, patients that received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) did not show significantly longer OS and DFS than those who did not receive HSCT in TET3 high-expressed groups; whereas, in TET3 low-expressed groups, patients that accepted HSCT showed significantly longer OS and DFS than those who did not accept HSCT. By bioinformatics analysis, TET3 expression was found positively correlated with tumor suppressor gene including CDKN2B, ZIC2, miR-196a, and negatively correlated with oncogenes such as PAX2 and IL2RA. Our study demonstrated that TETs showed significant expression differences in AML, and TET3 expression acted as a potential prognostic biomarker in AML, which may guide treatment choice between chemotherapy and HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjuan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Malignancies of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangli Zhao
- Zhenjiang Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangjing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingdong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Medical School, Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Malignancies of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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PIM inhibitors target CD25-positive AML cells through concomitant suppression of STAT5 activation and degradation of MYC oncogene. Blood 2014; 124:1777-89. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-01-551234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Points
CD25 is a predictive biomarker for sensitivity to PIM inhibitors in AML cells. PIM inhibitors may prolong overall/relapse-free survival through attenuating STAT5 activation and destabilizing MYC in CD25+ AML cells.
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Kim HJ, Choi EJ, Sohn HJ, Park SH, Min WS, Kim TG. Combinatorial molecular marker assays of WT1, survivin, and TERT at initial diagnosis of adult acute myeloid leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2013; 91:411-22. [PMID: 23826993 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
High levels of expression of Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1), survivin, or telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) genes are introduced as leukemia-associated targets predicting clinical outcome. We prospectively investigated the leukemia-associated gene transcripts by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction from 151 adult patients with AML associated with the patients' clinical characteristics. The maximum levels of each gene in bone marrow were 64.4-, 8.1-, and 3.9-fold higher than those in the normal control, respectively. In contrast to the WT1 and TERT levels, survivin showed comparatively higher expression in the unfavorable cytogenetic group of patients. We found a significant difference in survivin levels between the CR and non-CR groups (P = 0.0237). TERT expression levels were higher in patients who had a greater number of peripheral blood leukemic blasts at diagnosis (P = 0.0191). Non-MRC subtypes and patients without specific mutations were the most powerful predictive factors for a better CR rate, by multivariate analyses. The lower levels of both WT1 and survivin co-expression (P = 0.0129) and both survivin + TERT co-expression (P = 0.0115) were significant factors for better OS. Besides lower initial levels of serum ferritin (P = 0.0401), lower levels of WT1 (P = 0.0438) and survivin (P = 0.0401), lower levels of both WT1 and survivin co-expression (P = 0.0031), and the three-gene combination of lower WT1 + survivin + TERT (P = 0.0454) were powerful predictive factors for better EFS. As our findings were based on a single disease entity, that is, adult AML, they suggest that the expression of these genes may be critical for the immunobiology of AML to influence the clinical outcome in various ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Je Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic Blood and Marrow Transplantation Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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FLANG salvage chemotherapy is an effective regimen that offers a safe bridge to transplantation for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Med Oncol 2010; 28 Suppl 1:S462-70. [PMID: 20714942 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of fludarabine in combination with an intermediate dose of cytosine arabinoside, mitoxantrone, and G-CSF (FLANG; fludarabine 30 mg/m(2)/day, cytosine arabinoside 1 g/m(2)/day, mitoxantrone 10 mg/m(2)/day, and G-CSF 300 μg/day for 5 days) was evaluated in patients with refractory or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Between January 2004 and December 2006, 27 patients with relapsed or refractory AML were enrolled in the present study. In total, 14 patients had experienced an early relapse, 10 had experienced a late relapse, and the remaining three (11%) had developed primary refractory leukemia at the time of study entry. Most patients (n = 17, 63%) had post-transplant relapse, and 10 of them relapsed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). After FLANG treatment, 15 patients (56%) achieved a complete response (CR), and three patients died during reinduction chemotherapy. After achieving a CR, eight patients received SCT (seven allogeneic (sibling = 4, unrelated = 2, and haploidentical familial = 1) and one autologous SCT), one received donor lymphocyte infusion, three received consolidation chemotherapy, and the remaining three refused further therapy. Eight patients were alive during continuous CR, with an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 30% after a median follow-up of 42.1 months. The survival outcome of patients who received SCT was remarkable (EFS of 75%). Additionally, no toxicity severe enough to preclude transplantation was evident after or during FLANG. The findings of the present study suggest that FLANG salvage chemotherapy is an effective regimen and that it offers a safe bridge to SCT. Furthermore, this regimen prompts efforts to proceed to SCT as post-remission therapy for patients in greater than first CR.
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Kim HJ, Min WS, Cho BS, Eom KS, Kim YJ, Min CK, Lee S, Cho SG, Jin JY, Lee JW, Kim CC. Successful Prevention of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease Using Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin after Mismatched, Unrelated, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009; 15:704-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Overcoming various comorbidities by G-CSF-primed unmanipulated BM SCT in adult patients with AML. Bone Marrow Transplant 2009; 44:345-51. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2009.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Current Awareness in Hematological Oncology. Hematol Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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