1
|
Akbar NU, Ahmad S, Khan TA, Tayyeb M, Akhter N, Shafiq L, Khan SN, Alam MM, Abdullah AM, Rehman MFU, Bajaber MA, Akram MS. Consanguineous marriages increase the incidence of recurrent tuberculosis: Evidence from whole exome sequencing. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 118:105559. [PMID: 38266757 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we have identified multiple mutations in the IL-12R1 gene among Pakistani patients who have inherited them through consanguineous marriages. These patients have experienced severe Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection as well as recurrent tuberculosis. We will demonstrate the pivotal role of interleukin (IL)-12/interferon (IFN)-γ axis in the regulation of mycobacterial diseases. METHODOLOGY First, we checked the patients' medical records, and then afterward, we assessed interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production through ELISA. Following that, DNA was extracted to investigate IL-12/IFN- abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing was conducted through Sanger sequencing. Secretory cytokine levels were compared from healthy control of the same age groups and they were found to be considerably less in the disease cohort. To evaluate the probable functional impact of these alterations, an in silico study was performed. RESULTS The study found that the patients' PBMCs produced considerably less IFN-γ than expected. Analysis using flow cytometry showed that activated T cells lacked surface expression of IL-12Rβ1. Exon 7 of the IL-12Rβ1 gene, which encodes a portion of the cytokine binding region (CBR), and exon 10, which encodes the fibronectin-type III (FNIII) domain, were found to have the mutations c.641 A > G; p.Q214R and c.1094 T > C; p.M365T, respectively. In silico analysis showed that these mutations likely to have a deleterious effect on protein function. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate the significant contribution of the IL-12/IFN-γ is in combating infections due to mycobacterium. Among Pakistani patients born to consanguineous marriages, the identified mutations in the IL-12Rβ-1 gene provide insights into the genetic basis of severe BCG infections and recurrent tuberculosis. The study highlights the potential utility of newborn screening in regions with mandatory BCG vaccination, enabling early detection and intervention for primary immunodeficiencies associated with mycobacterial infections. Moreover, the study suggests at the potential role of other related genes such as IL-23Rβ1, TYK2, or JAK2 in IFN-γ production, warranting further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Ul Akbar
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25160, Pakistan
| | - Taj Ali Khan
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25160, Pakistan; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Muhammad Tayyeb
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25160, Pakistan
| | - Naheed Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Laraib Shafiq
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar 25160, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Niaz Khan
- Department of Zoology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alduwish Manal Abdullah
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Majed A Bajaber
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Safwan Akram
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo Q, Wang R, Fu Q, Chen F, Tan Z. Novel IFNGR1 Mutation in a Child with Mycobacterium avium Infection. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:1778-1781. [PMID: 37682444 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Luo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Runci Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Qiong Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1630 Dongfang Road, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dhiman NS, Saini V, Kumar V. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs2234711 of interferon gamma receptor 1 is associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in the population of North India. Cytokine 2023; 169:156274. [PMID: 37327531 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine playing essential role in immunity against tuberculosis (TB). IFN-γ performs function by binding to its receptor complex, consisting of two polypeptide chains viz. IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFN-γR1) and IFN-γ receptor 2 (IFN-γR2). Structural and functional deficiencies in IFN-γR1 can make individual vulnerable to even weak mycobacterial infections. Studies from different populations of the world have reported the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) present in IFNGR1 gene with TB, however, there are no such studies from India. Thus, the present study was designed to analyse the association of rs2234711 (C/T), rs7749390 (C/T) and rs1327475 (C/T) SNPs of IFNGR1 with TB in the population of North India. For the present study, 263 TB patients (at zero day of anti-tuberculosis therapy) and 256 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The genotyping of selected SNPs was done by high-resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis. The mRNA and surface expression data of IFNGR1 was extracted from our previous study and was grouped according to the genotypes of studied SNPs. The genotype 'TT' and 'T' allele of SNP rs2234711 (C/T) were found to be associated with TB in studied population ['T' vs 'C': OR (CI) = 1.79 (1.39-2.29); p-value < 0.0001]. The haplotypes 'C-C-C' of rs2234711-rs7749390-rs1327475 confers protection, while haplotype 'T-C-C' is a risk factor for TB in studied population. It was also found that 'TT' genotype of rs2234711 in HCs is associated with lower surface expression of IFNGR1 (p-value = 0.0078). In conclusion, 'TT' genotype is associated with lower surface expression of IFNGR1 and is increasing the susceptibility to TB in North Indian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Varinder Saini
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector-32, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kratzer B, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer K, Trapin D, Körmöczi U, Rottal A, Feichter M, Waidhofer-Söllner P, Smogavec M, Laccone F, Hauser M, Winkler S, Pickl WF, Lechner AM. Mycobacterium avium Complex Infections: Detailed Phenotypic and Functional Immunological Work-Up Is Required despite Genetic Analyses. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:914-931. [PMID: 37279717 DOI: 10.1159/000530844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical scrofulous lymphadenitis due to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in immunocompetent adults is a rare disease. The presence of MAC infections demands meticulous clinical evaluation of patients along with detailed phenotypic and functional evaluation of their immune system including next-generation sequencing (NGS) analyses of target genes. METHODS Exact clinical histories of the index patients both suffering from retromandibular/cervical scrofulous lymphadenitis were obtained along with phenotypic and functional immunological evaluations of leukocyte populations followed by targeted NGS-based sequencing of candidate genes. RESULTS Immunological investigations showed normal serum immunoglobulin and complement levels, but lymphopenia, which was caused by significantly reduced CD3+CD4+CD45RO+ memory T-cell and CD19+ B-cell numbers. Despite normal T-cell proliferation to a number of accessory cell-dependent and -independent stimuli, the PBMC of both patients elaborated clearly reduced levels of a number of cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α upon TCR-dependent T-cell stimulation with CD3-coated beads but also superantigens. The IFN-γ production deficiency was confirmed for CD3+CD4+ helper and CD4+CD8+ cytotoxic T cells on the single-cell level by multiparametric flow cytometry irrespective of whether PMA/ionomycin-stimulated whole blood cells or gradient-purified PBMC was analyzed. In the female patient L1, targeted NGS-based sequencing revealed a homozygous c.110T>C mutation in the interferon-γ receptor type 1 (IFNGR1) leading to significantly reduced receptor expression on both CD14+ monocytes and CD3+ T cells. Patient S2 presented with normal IFNGR1 expression on CD14+ monocytes but significantly reduced IFNGR1 expression on CD3+ T cells, despite the absence of detectable homozygous mutations in the IFNGR1 itself or disease-related target genes. Exogenous addition of increasing doses of IFN-γ resulted in proper upregulation of high-affinity FcγRI (CD64) on monocytes from patient S2, whereas monocytes from patient L1 showed only partial induction of CD64 expression after incubation with high doses of IFN-γ. CONCLUSION A detailed phenotypic and functional immunological examination is urgently required to determine the cause of a clinically relevant immunodeficiency, despite detailed genetic analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Kratzer
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Doris Trapin
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Körmöczi
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arno Rottal
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Feichter
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Waidhofer-Söllner
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mateja Smogavec
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franco Laccone
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hauser
- Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Biosciences, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Winkler
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried F Pickl
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University, Krems, Austria
| | - Arno M Lechner
- Paracelsus University Salzburg, University Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Hygiene, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Esmaeilzadeh H, Chavoshzadeh Z, Nabavizadeh SH, Alyasin S, Amanati A, Askarisarvestani A. Systemic aspergillosis in a patient with interferon gamma receptor 1 deficiency; a case report. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:278. [PMID: 37277724 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-gamma receptor deficiency is a heterogeneous spectrum of disease which involves mutations in IFNGR1, IFNGR2 genes, and the downstream signaling proteins such as STAT1. These mutations are associated with immunodeficiency 27 A and 27B, making the patient prone to mycobacterial infections. Patients with this condition are also at increased risk for affliction with viral and bacterial infections, such as with the Herpesviridae family, Listeria, and Salmonella. Moreover, SH2B3 mutation is associated with autoimmune and lymphoproliferative conditions. CASE PRESENTATION the patient was a 19-month-old infant girl who presented with a two-week history of fever. She had near-normal flowcytometry with high IgM and IgE. She had pneumonic infiltration in her chest and right hilar and para-aortic lymphadenopathy. PCR of whole blood for Aspergillus fumigatus came back positive. In her Whole Exome Sequencing she had IFNGR1 and SH2B3 mutations. CONCLUSION systemic fungal infections such as Aspergillosis can occur in patients with interferon-gamma receptor one deficiency. This type of immunodeficiency should be considered in treating patients with systemic Aspergillosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Esmaeilzadeh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Chavoshzadeh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Mofid Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hesamedin Nabavizadeh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheila Alyasin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Amanati
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aida Askarisarvestani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alburquerque-Bejar JJ, Navajas-Chocarro P, Saigi M, Ferrero-Andres A, Morillas JM, Vilarrubi A, Gomez A, Mate JL, Munoz-Marmol AM, Romero OA, Blecua P, Davalos V, Esteller M, Pros E, Llabata P, Torres-Diz M, Esteve-Codina A, Sanchez-Cespedes M. MYC activation impairs cell-intrinsic IFNγ signaling and confers resistance to anti-PD1/PD-L1 therapy in lung cancer. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101006. [PMID: 37044092 PMCID: PMC10140599 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the adaptive mechanisms that prevent host immune response in cancer will help predict efficacy of anti-programmed death-1 (PD1)/L1 therapies. Here, we study the cell-intrinsic response of lung cancer (LC) to interferon-γ (IFNγ), a cytokine that promotes immunoresponse and modulates programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) levels. We report complete refractoriness to IFNγ in a subset of LCs as a result of JAK2 or IFNGR1 inactivation. A submaximal response affects another subset that shows constitutive low levels of IFNγ-stimulated genes (IγSGs) coupled with decreased H3K27ac (histone 3 acetylation at lysine 27) deposition and promoter hypermethylation and reduced IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) recruitment to the DNA on IFNγ stimulation. Most of these are neuroendocrine small cell LCs (SCLCs) with oncogenic MYC/MYCL1/MYCN. The oncogenic activation of MYC in SCLC cells downregulates JAK2 and impairs IγSGs stimulation by IFNγ. MYC amplification tends to associate with a worse response to anti-PD1/L1 therapies. Hence alterations affecting the JAK/STAT pathway and MYC activation prevent stimulation by IFNγ and may predict anti-PD1/L1 efficacy in LC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Alburquerque-Bejar
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Navajas-Chocarro
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Saigi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Carretera de Canyet, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Ferrero-Andres
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan M Morillas
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Vilarrubi
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gomez
- Biosciences Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCT), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Carrer de la Sagrada Familia, 7, 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Mate
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera de Canyet, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana M Munoz-Marmol
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera de Canyet, s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Octavio A Romero
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Blecua
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Davalos
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Calle Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellon 11, Planta baja, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig de Lluis Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga, s/n, 08907 l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Eva Pros
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Llabata
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Torres-Diz
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) and University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Torre I Baldiri Reixac, 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montse Sanchez-Cespedes
- Cancer Genetics Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), IJC Building, Germans Trias i Pujol, Ctra de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Massa C, Wang Y, Marr N, Seliger B. Interferons and Resistance Mechanisms in Tumors and Pathogen-Driven Diseases—Focus on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Antigen Processing Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076736. [PMID: 37047709 PMCID: PMC10095295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs), divided into type I, type II, and type III IFNs represent proteins that are secreted from cells in response to various stimuli and provide important information for understanding the evolution, structure, and function of the immune system, as well as the signaling pathways of other cytokines and their receptors. They exert comparable, but also distinct physiologic and pathophysiologic activities accompanied by pleiotropic effects, such as the modulation of host responses against bacterial and viral infections, tumor surveillance, innate and adaptive immune responses. IFNs were the first cytokines used for the treatment of tumor patients including hairy leukemia, renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. However, tumor cells often develop a transient or permanent resistance to IFNs, which has been linked to the escape of tumor cells and unresponsiveness to immunotherapies. In addition, loss-of-function mutations in IFN signaling components have been associated with susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as COVID-19 and mycobacterial infections. In this review, we summarize general features of the three IFN families and their function, the expression and activity of the different IFN signal transduction pathways, and their role in tumor immune evasion and pathogen clearance, with links to alterations in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II antigen processing machinery (APM). In addition, we discuss insights regarding the clinical applications of IFNs alone or in combination with other therapeutic options including immunotherapies as well as strategies reversing the deficient IFN signaling. Therefore, this review provides an overview on the function and clinical relevance of the different IFN family members, with a specific focus on the MHC pathways in cancers and infections and their contribution to immune escape of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Massa
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112 Halle, Germany
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Hochstr. 29, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Yuan Wang
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112 Halle, Germany
| | - Nico Marr
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Hochstr. 29, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 2, 06112 Halle, Germany
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Hochstr. 29, 14770 Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Perlickstr. 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease: Retrospective Clinical and Genetic Study in Mexico. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:123-135. [PMID: 36044171 PMCID: PMC9428379 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by impaired immunity against intracellular pathogens, such as mycobacteria, attenuated Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strains, and environmental mycobacteria in otherwise healthy individuals. Retrospective study reviewed the clinical, immunological, and genetic characteristics of patients with MSMD in Mexico. Overall, 22 patients diagnosed with MSMD from 2006 to 2021 were enrolled: 14 males (64%) and eight females. After BCG vaccination, 12 patients (70%) developed BCG infection. Furthermore, 6 (22%) patients developed bacterial infections mainly caused by Salmonella, as what is described next in the text is fungal infections, particularly Histoplasma. Seven patients died of disseminated BCG disease. Thirteen different pathogenic variants were identified in IL12RB1 (n = 13), IFNGR1 (n = 3), and IFNGR2 (n = 1) genes. Interleukin-12Rβ1 deficiency is the leading cause of MSMD in our cohort. Morbidity and mortality were primarily due to BCG infection.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ding H, Wang G, Yu Z, Sun H, Wang L. Role of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and IFN-γ receptor 1/2 (IFNγR1/2) in regulation of immunity, infection, and cancer development: IFN-γ-dependent or independent pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113683. [PMID: 36095965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
IFN-γ, a soluble cytokine being produced by T lymphocytes, macrophages, mucosal epithelial cells, or natural killer cells, is able to bind to the IFN-γ receptor (IFNγR) and in turn activate the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and transcription protein (STAT) pathway and induce expression of IFN-γ-stimulated genes. IFN-γ is critical for innate and adaptive immunity and aberrant IFN-γ expression and functions have been associated with different human diseases. However, the IFN-γ/IFNγR signaling could be a double-edged sword in cancer development because the tissue microenvironments could determine its anti- or pro-tumorigenic activities. The IFNγR protein consists of two IFNγR1 and IFNγR2 chains, subunits of which play different roles under certain conditions. This review assessed IFNγR polymorphisms, expression and functions in development and progression of various human diseases in an IFN-γ-dependent or independent manner. This review also discussed tumor microenvironment, microbial infection, and vital molecules in the IFN-γ upstream signaling that might regulate IFNγR expression, drug resistance, and druggable strategy, to provide evidence for further application of IFNγR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Gongfu Wang
- Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), Beijing, China.
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Huimin Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Pharmacy, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
RNAi-based modulation of IFN-γ signaling in skin. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2709-2721. [PMID: 35477658 PMCID: PMC9372319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of interferon (IFN)-γ signaling plays a key role in several autoimmune skin diseases, including lupus erythematosus, alopecia areata, vitiligo, and lichen planus. Here, we identify fully chemically modified small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that silence the ligand binding chain of the IFN-γ receptor (IFNGR1), for the modulation of IFN-γ signaling. Conjugating these siRNAs to docosanoic acid (DCA) enables productive delivery to all major skin cell types local to the injection site, with a single dose of injection supporting effective IFNGR1 protein reduction for at least 1 month in mice. In an ex vivo model of IFN-γ signaling, DCA-siRNA efficiently inhibits the induction of IFN-γ-inducible chemokines, CXCL9 and CXCL10, in skin biopsies from the injection site. Our data demonstrate that DCA-siRNAs can be engineered for functional gene silencing in skin and establish a path toward siRNA treatment of autoimmune skin diseases.
Collapse
|
11
|
Xia L, Liu XH, Yuan Y, Lowrie DB, Fan XY, Li T, Hu ZD, Lu SH. An Updated Review on MSMD Research Globally and A Literature Review on the Molecular Findings, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment Approaches in China. Front Immunol 2022; 13:926781. [PMID: 36569938 PMCID: PMC9774035 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.926781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) arises from a group of rare inherited errors of immunity that result in selective susceptibility of otherwise healthy people to clinical disease caused by low virulence strains of mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and environmental mycobacteria. Patients have normal resistance to other pathogens and no overt abnormalities in routine immunological and hematological evaluations for primary immunodeficiencies. At least 19 genes and 34 clinical phenotypes have been identified in MSMD. However, there have been no systematic reports on the clinical characteristics and genetic backgrounds of MSMD in China. In this review, on the one hand, we summarize an update findings on molecular defects and immunological mechanisms in the field of MSMD research globally. On the other hand, we undertook a systematic review of PubMed (MEDLINE), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang to identify articles published before Jan 23, 2022, to summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of MSMD in China. All the English and Chinese publications were searched without any restriction on article types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu-Hui Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Douglas B. Lowrie
- Shenzhen National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Fan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Hu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Dong Hu, ; Shui-Hua Lu,
| | - Shui-Hua Lu
- Shenzhen National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China,Department of tuberculosis, The Third People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Dong Hu, ; Shui-Hua Lu,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Atakul G, Atay Ö, Asrak HK, Erbaş İC, Asilsoy S, Belet N, Boyacıoğlu ÖK, Köse SŞ, Al S, Uzuner N, Karaman Ö. Clinical Response to Adjunctive Pegylated Interferon Alpha-2a Treatment in Disseminated Mycobacterial Infection in Children with Complete IFNGR1 Deficiency: A Case Report. J PEDIAT INF DIS-GER 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1749646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) deficiency is a primary immunodeficiency that causes systemic infections with weakly virulent nontuberculous mycobacteria, which are very difficult to control with combined antimycobacterial agents.
Methods Disseminated mycobacterial infection that could not be controlled with combined antimycobacterial treatments in a 13-year-old patient with a novel mutation in the IFNGR1 gene. Despite receiving intravenous antibiotic therapy, fever continued, bone involvement gradually increased, and proteinuria and microscopic hematuria occurred. Peg-IFNα-2a was administered as an adjuvant therapy that resulted in good clinical response with no side effects. Fever improved and no new bone lesions occurred with edema of existing lesions regressing after 2 weeks of peg-IFNα-2a therapy.
Conclusion Aggressive treatment with antimycobacterial antibiotics and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation remains the single accepted method for the management of patients with complete IFNGR1 deficiency. Peg-IFNα-2a treatment may be an adjunct treatment in this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Atakul
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özge Atay
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hatice Karaoğlu Asrak
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - İrem Ceren Erbaş
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Suna Asilsoy
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nurşen Belet
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özge Kangallı Boyacıoğlu
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Seda Şirin Köse
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Serdar Al
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nevin Uzuner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özkan Karaman
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang J, Wang YL, Liu YT, Yuan M, Jin JG. Effects of Modified Sang ju-Yin Decoction Combined with IFN αlb Nebulization on IL-1 β and HBD2 in Children with Asthmatic Bronchitis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2802636. [PMID: 35785143 PMCID: PMC9242817 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2802636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Breathing disease swelling of the lung tubes caused by viral infection is more and more likely to develop into related to the lung tubes breathing disease, especially repeating breathing loudly. Objective To investigate the effect of modified Sang ju-Yin Decoction combined with Interferon (IFN)αlb nebulization on children with asthmatic bronchitis and the effects of IL-1β and β-defensin 2 (HBD2). Materials and Methods The clinical data of 80 children with asthmatic bronchitis who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the research objects and divided into the control group and the observation group with 40 cases in each group according to different treatment methods. Among them, the control group was nebulized with IFNαlb, and the observation group was given addition and subtraction of Sang ju-Yin Decoction based on the control group. The clinical symptoms, pulmonary function indexes, adverse reactions, and effects on serum inflammatory indexes were observed and compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the scores of symptoms and signs between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05), while the scores of shortness of breath, cough, stridor, lung rales, and signs after treatment of observation group were better than those of the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum inflammatory indexes and pulmonary function indexes between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05), while the differences in IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β, and HBD2 after treatment were significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). After treatment, the RR, TV, and PEF indexes of the two groups of children were significantly improved (P < 0.05). After treatment, the adverse reaction rate of liver function damage, dry throat discomfort, rash, nausea, and vomiting in the observation group was 7.5%, which was significantly lower than 27.5% in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Modified Sang ju-Yin Decoction combined with IFNαlb nebulization can improve symptoms and promote the recovery of patients in the treatment of acute bronchitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - You lan Wang
- Pediatrics Department, Wuhan Yaxin General Hospital, China
| | - Ying ting Liu
- Pediatrics Department, Wuhan Yaxin General Hospital, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Child Healthcare, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jian guo Jin
- Pediatrics Department of Xiantao First People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Smith KL, Dai D, Modi BP, Sara R, Garabedian E, Marsh RA, Puck J, Secord E, Sullivan KE, Turvey SE, Biggs CM. Inborn Errors of Immunity Associated With Type 2 Inflammation in the USIDNET Registry. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831279. [PMID: 35273610 PMCID: PMC8902297 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monogenic conditions that disrupt proper development and/or function of the immune system are termed inborn errors of immunity (IEIs), also known as primary immunodeficiencies. Patients with IEIs often suffer from other manifestations in addition to infection, and allergic inflammation is an increasingly recognized feature of these conditions. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of IEIs presenting with allergic inflammation as reported in the USIDNET registry. Our inclusion criteria comprised of patients with a reported monogenic cause for IEI where reported lab eosinophil and/or IgE values were available for the patient prior to them receiving potentially curative therapy. Patients were excluded if we were unable to determine the defective gene underlying their IEI. Patients were classified as having eosinophilia or elevated IgE when their record included at least 1 eosinophil count or IgE value that was greater than the age stratified upper limit of normal. We compared the proportion of patients with eosinophilia or elevated IgE with the proportion of samples in a reference population that fall above the upper limit of normal (2.5%). Results The query submitted to the USIDNET registry identified 1409 patients meeting inclusion criteria with a monogenic cause for their IEI diagnosis, of which 975 had eosinophil counts and 645 had IgE levels obtained prior to transplantation or gene therapy that were available for analysis. Overall, 18.8% (183/975) of the patients evaluated from the USIDNET registry had eosinophilia and 20.9% (135/645) had an elevated IgE. IEIs caused by defects in 32 genes were found to be significantly associated with eosinophilia and/or an elevated IgE level, spanning 7 of the 10 IEI categories according to the International Union of Immunological Societies classification. Conclusion Type 2 inflammation manifesting as eosinophilia or elevated IgE is found in a broad range of IEIs in the USIDNET registry. Our findings suggest that allergic immune dysregulation may be more widespread in IEIs than previously reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia (BC) Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Darlene Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia (BC) Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Bhavi P Modi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia (BC) Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rahnuma Sara
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia (BC) Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Garabedian
- National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States.,National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rebecca A Marsh
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jennifer Puck
- Division of Allergy/Immunology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia (BC) Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine M Biggs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia (BC) Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou Z, Hollink IHIM, Bouman A, Lourens MS, Brooimans RA, van Ham TJ, Fraaij PLA, van Rossum AMC, Zijtregtop EAM, Dik WA, Dalm VASH, van Hagen PM, Ijspeert H, Vermont CL. Three patients with defects in interferon gamma receptor signaling: A challenging diagnosis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13768. [PMID: 35470942 PMCID: PMC9321145 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Zhou
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Iris H. I. M. Hollink
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Arjan Bouman
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirthe S. Lourens
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rik A. Brooimans
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tjakko J. van Ham
- Department of Clinical GeneticsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter L. A. Fraaij
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease and ImmunologyDepartment of PediatricsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam‐Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Annemarie M. C. van Rossum
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease and ImmunologyDepartment of PediatricsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam‐Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eline A. M. Zijtregtop
- Division of Pediatric Hemato‐oncologyDepartment of PediatricsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam‐Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Dik
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Virgil A. S. H. Dalm
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - P. Martin van Hagen
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Clinical ImmunologyDepartment of Internal MedicineErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Hanna Ijspeert
- Laboratory Medical ImmunologyDepartment of ImmunologyErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Clementien L. Vermont
- Erasmus MCAcademic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC)University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease and ImmunologyDepartment of PediatricsErasmus MCUniversity Medical Center Rotterdam‐Sophia Children’s HospitalRotterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jia J, Zhu Y, Guo Q, Wan C. Case Report: Disseminated Mycobacterium intracellulare Infection With More Than 1-Year Follow-Up in a Young Boy With IFNGR1 Deficiency. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:761265. [PMID: 35281241 PMCID: PMC8914208 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.761265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
All members of the genus Mycobacterium are collectively labeled as "non-tuberculous mycobacterium" (NTM), with the exception of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and M. leprae. Recently, the incidence of NTM infection and number of cases have been increasing, but their identification remains difficult in some countries. Usually, NTM infections and diseases are associated with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs), and their prognoses can be improved with a timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Here, we report a case of a 3-year-old boy with disseminated NTM disease (Mycobacterium intracellulare) and interferon-γ receptor 1 (IFNGR1) deficiency. He presented with skin and soft-tissue disease, disseminated osteomyelitis, and pulmonary disease. Initially, we suspected an infection due to the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine but later suspected Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Following oral treatment of azithromycin, rifampicin, and ethambutol, his condition improved progressively according to clinical and imaging manifestations. This case highlights the importance of early identification of the pathogen in a timely prescription of specific treatments in PIDs patients. We also discuss our experience of treatment of M. intracellulare disease in patients with IFNGR1 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaomin Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Das J, Banday A, Shandilya J, Sharma M, Vignesh P, Rawat A. An updated review on Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases - a silver jubilee celebration of its first genetic diagnosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:1103-1120. [PMID: 34259572 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1956314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD), a group of at least 18 different genetic disorders, encompasses a specific class of inborn errors of immunity that result in predilection to infection with mycobacteria including the weakly virulent strains. Primarily, these consist of defects in the IFN-γ-IL-12/23 circuit that is crucial for immunity against intracellular microorganisms. Although the first genetic etiology of MSMD was discovered in 1996, molecular diagnosis of MSMD in resource-constrained settings may remain far-fetched. Recently, original studies have emerged from developing countries, including India, wherein the genetic diagnosis was confirmed within the country itself. A lag of about 25 years, hence, seems to exist. AREAS COVERED Herein, we review the clinical, laboratory, and mutational profile of the genetic defects responsible for causing MSMD. We intend to enhance the recognition of these disorders in settings endemic for tuberculosis and bridge the gap between the developed and developing countries in the field of MSMD research and therapeutics. EXPERT OPINION Research in the field of MSMD in developing countries, including India, can uncover novel genetic etiologies, as the population exceeds 1.3 billion, a huge burden of tuberculosis (across all clinical spectrums) exists, and BCG vaccination is given universally at birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhumki Das
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Aaqib Banday
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Jitendra Shandilya
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Madhubala Sharma
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Pandiarajan Vignesh
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang X, Wang S, Zhu Y, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Yan Z, Wang Q, Li X. Double-edged effects of interferons on the regulation of cancer-immunity cycle. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1929005. [PMID: 34262796 PMCID: PMC8253121 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1929005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are a large family of pleiotropic cytokines that regulate both innate and adaptive immunity and show anti-cancer effects in various cancer types. Moreover, it was revealed that IFN signaling plays critical roles in the success of cancer therapy strategies, thereby enhancing their therapeutic effects. However, IFNs have minimal or even adverse effects on cancer eradication, and mediate cancer immune escape in some instances. Thus, IFNs have a double-edged effect on the cancer immune response. Recent studies suggest that IFNs regulate each step of the cancer immunity-cycle, consisting of cancer antigen release, presentation of antigens and activation of T cells, trafficking and infiltration of effector T cells into the tumor microenvironment, and recognition and killing of cancer cells, which contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms of IFNs in regulating cancer immunity. In this review, we focus on IFNs and cancer immunity and elaborate on the roles of IFNs in regulating the cancer-immunity cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Chifeng City Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Chifeng City Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Zhengbin Yan
- Department of Stomatology, the PeopIe's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiuxu Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang P, Ying W, Wu B, Liu R, Wang H, Wang X, Lu Y. Complete IFN-γR1 Deficiency in a Boy Due to UPD(6)mat with IFNGR1 Novel Splicing Variant. J Clin Immunol 2021; 41:834-836. [PMID: 33501617 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-00970-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Wenjing Ying
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Renchao Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Yulan Lu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Pediatrics Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, 399 Wanyuan Road, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Taur PD, Gowri V, Pandrowala AA, Iyengar VV, Chougule A, Golwala Z, Chandak S, Agarwal R, Keni P, Dighe N, Bodhanwala M, Prabhu S, George B, Fouzia NA, Edison ES, Arunachalam AK, Madkaikar MR, Dalvi AD, Yadav RM, Bargir UA, Kambli PM, Rawat A, Das J, Joshi V, Pilania RK, Jindal AK, Bhat S, Bhattad S, Unni J, Radhakrishnan N, Raj R, Uppuluri R, Patel S, Lashkari HP, Aggarwal A, Kalra M, Udwadia Z, Bafna VS, Kanade T, Puel A, Bustamante J, Casanova JL, Desai MM. Clinical and Molecular Findings in Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Diseases: Experience From India. Front Immunol 2021; 12:631298. [PMID: 33732252 PMCID: PMC7959731 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.631298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) are a group of innate immune defects with more than 17 genes and 32 clinical phenotypes identified. Defects in the IFN-γ mediated immunity lead to an increased susceptibility to intracellular pathogens like mycobacteria including attenuated Mycobacterium bovis-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strains and non-tuberculous environmental mycobacteria (NTM), Salmonella, fungi, parasites like Leishmania and some viruses, in otherwise healthy individuals. Mutations in the IL12RB1 gene are the commonest genetic defects identified. This retrospective study reports the clinical, immunological, and molecular characteristics of a cohort of 55 MSMD patients from 10 centers across India. Mycobacterial infection was confirmed by GeneXpert, Histopathology, and acid fast bacilli staining. Immunological workup included lymphocyte subset analysis, Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) test, immunoglobulin levels, and flow-cytometric evaluation of the IFN-γ mediated immunity. Genetic analysis was done by next generation sequencing (NGS). Disseminated BCG-osis was the commonest presenting manifestation (82%) with a median age of presentation of 6 months due to the practice of BCG vaccination at birth. This was followed by infection with Salmonella and non-typhi Salmonella (13%), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (11%), Candida (7%), NTM (4%), and Histoplasma (2%). Thirty-six percent of patients in cohort were infected by more than one organism. This study is the largest cohort of MSMD patients reported from India to the best of our knowledge and we highlight the importance of work up for IL-12/IL-23/ISG15/IFN-γ circuit in all patients with BCG-osis and suspected MSMD irrespective of age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasad D Taur
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Vijaya Gowri
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | - Akshaya Chougule
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Zainab Golwala
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Shraddha Chandak
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Reepa Agarwal
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Purva Keni
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Dighe
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Minnie Bodhanwala
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Shakuntala Prabhu
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| | - Biju George
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | - N A Fouzia
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
| | | | | | | | - Aparna Dhondi Dalvi
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Immunohematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Reetika Malik Yadav
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Immunohematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Umair Ahmed Bargir
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Immunohematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka Madhav Kambli
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Immunohematology, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jhumki Das
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vibhu Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Pilania
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankur Kumar Jindal
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Bhat
- Mazumdar Shaw Cancer Centre, Narayana Health City, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amita Aggarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne Puel
- University of Paris, Institute Imagine, INSERM, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- University of Paris, Institute Imagine, INSERM, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.,Study Center for Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean Laurent Casanova
- University of Paris, Institute Imagine, INSERM, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mukesh M Desai
- Department of Immunology, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease: The First Case of a Diagnosed Adult Patient in the Czech Republic. Case Reports Immunol 2020; 2020:8836685. [PMID: 33414972 PMCID: PMC7769627 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8836685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a case of a 42-year-old woman with Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease. The disease was diagnosed at an adult age with relatively typical clinical manifestations; the skeleton, joints, and soft tissues were affected by nontuberculous mycobacteria: Mycobacterium lentiflavum, M. kansasii, and M. avium. A previously published loss-of-function and functionally validated variant NM_000416.2:c.819_822delTAAT in IFNGR1 in a heterozygous state was detected using whole-exome sequencing. After interferon-γ therapy was started at a dose of 200 µg/m2 three times a week, there was significant clinical improvement, with the need to continue the macrolide-based combination regimen. In the last 4 months, she has been in this therapy without the need for antibiotic treatment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Kerner G, Rosain J, Guérin A, Al-Khabaz A, Oleaga-Quintas C, Rapaport F, Massaad MJ, Ding JY, Khan T, Ali FA, Rahman M, Deswarte C, Martinez-Barricarte R, Geha RS, Jeanne-Julien V, Garcia D, Chi CY, Yang R, Roynard M, Fleckenstein B, Rozenberg F, Boisson-Dupuis S, Ku CL, Seeleuthner Y, Béziat V, Marr N, Abel L, Al-Herz W, Casanova JL, Bustamante J. Inherited human IFN-γ deficiency underlies mycobacterial disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:3158-3171. [PMID: 32163377 PMCID: PMC7260033 DOI: 10.1172/jci135460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is characterized by a selective predisposition to clinical disease caused by the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine and environmental mycobacteria. The known genetic etiologies of MSMD are inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity due to mutations of 15 genes controlling the production of or response to IFN-γ. Since the first MSMD-causing mutations were reported in 1996, biallelic mutations in the genes encoding IFN-γ receptor 1 (IFN-γR1) and IFN-γR2 have been reported in many patients of diverse ancestries. Surprisingly, mutations of the gene encoding the IFN-γ cytokine itself have not been reported, raising the remote possibility that there might be other agonists of the IFN-γ receptor. We describe 2 Lebanese cousins with MSMD, living in Kuwait, who are both homozygous for a small deletion within the IFNG gene (c.354_357del), causing a frameshift that generates a premature stop codon (p.T119Ifs4*). The mutant allele is loss of expression and loss of function. We also show that the patients' herpesvirus Saimiri-immortalized T lymphocytes did not produce IFN-γ, a phenotype that can be rescued by retrotransduction with WT IFNG cDNA. The blood T and NK lymphocytes from these patients also failed to produce and secrete detectable amounts of IFN-γ. Finally, we show that human IFNG has evolved under stronger negative selection than IFNGR1 or IFNGR2, suggesting that it is less tolerant to heterozygous deleterious mutations than IFNGR1 or IFNGR2. This may account for the rarity of patients with autosomal-recessive, complete IFN-γ deficiency relative to patients with complete IFN-γR1 and IFN-γR2 deficiencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Kerner
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Guérin
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ahmad Al-Khabaz
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Pediatric Department, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait University, Jabriya City, Kuwait
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Franck Rapaport
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michel J. Massaad
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, and
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jing-Ya Ding
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Caroline Deswarte
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Rubén Martinez-Barricarte
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Raif S. Geha
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Valentine Jeanne-Julien
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Diane Garcia
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chih-Yu Chi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and
- School of Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Manon Roynard
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bernhard Fleckenstein
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, Erlangen-Nurnberg University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Department of Virology, University of Paris, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cheng-Lung Ku
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Béziat
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nico Marr
- Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Laurent Abel
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Pediatric Department, Al-Sabah Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- INSERM U1163, Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM 1163, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The genetics of macrophage activation syndrome. Genes Immun 2020; 21:169-181. [PMID: 32291394 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-020-0098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), or secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is a cytokine storm syndrome associated with multi-organ system dysfunction and high mortality rates. Laboratory and clinical features resemble primary HLH, which arises in infancy (1 in 50,000 live births) from homozygous mutations in various genes critical to the perforin-mediated cytolytic pathway employed by NK cells and cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes. MAS/secondary HLH is about ten times more common and typically presents beyond infancy extending into adulthood. The genetics of MAS are far less defined than for familial HLH. However, the distinction between familial HLH and MAS/secondary HLH is blurred by the finding of heterozygous perforin-pathway mutations in MAS patients, which may function as hypomorphic or partial dominant-negative alleles and contribute to disease pathogenesis. In addition, mutations in a variety of other pathogenic pathways have been noted in patients with MAS/secondary HLH. Many of these genetically disrupted pathways result in a similar cytokine storm syndrome, and can be broadly categorized as impaired viral control (e.g., SH2P1A), dysregulated inflammasome activity (e.g., NLRC4), other immune defects (e.g., IKBKG), and dysregulated metabolism (e.g., LIPA). Collectively these genetic lesions likely combine with states of chronic inflammation, as seen in various rheumatic diseases (e.g., still disease), with or without identified infections, to result in MAS pathology as explained by the threshold model of disease. This emerging paradigm may ultimately support genetic risk stratification for high-risk chronic and even acute inflammatory disorders. Moving forward, continued whole-exome and -genome sequencing will likely identify novel MAS gene associations, as well as noncoding mutations altering levels of gene expression.
Collapse
|
24
|
Bossi G, Errichiello E, Zuffardi O, Marone P, Monzillo V, Barbarini D, Vergori A, Bassi LA, Rispoli GA, De Amici M, Zecca M. Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Infection in a Child with Complete Interferon-γ Receptor 1 Deficiency due to Compound Heterozygosis of IFNGR1 for a Subpolymorphic Copy Number Variation and a Novel Splice-Site Variant. J Pediatr Genet 2019; 9:186-192. [PMID: 32714620 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Complete interferon-γ receptor 1 deficiency is a monogenic primary immunodeficiency caused by IFNGR1 germline defects, with autosomal dominant or recessive inheritance, which results in invasive mycobacterial diseases with varying degrees of severity. Most of the autosomal recessive IFNGR1 mutations are homozygous loss-of-function single-nucleotide variants, whereas large genomic deletions and compound heterozygosity have been very rarely reported. Herein we describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and successful treatment with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of a child with disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection due to compound heterozygosity for a subpolymorphic copy number variation and a novel splice-site variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Bossi
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Orsetta Zuffardi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Piero Marone
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Monzillo
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Barbarini
- Microbiology and Virology Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Vergori
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Andrea Bassi
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaetana Anna Rispoli
- Department of Radiology, US Pediatric Radiology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara De Amici
- Immuno-Allergology and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Zecca
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ying W, Liu D, Dong X, Wang W, Hui X, Hou J, Yao H, Zhou Q, Sun B, Sun J, Wang X. Current Status of the Management of Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease in Mainland China. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:600-610. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00672-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
26
|
Michniacki TF, Walkovich KJ, Frame DG, Vander Lugt MT. Interferon-γ Receptor 1 Deficiency Corrected by Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:257-260. [PMID: 30953286 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-019-00621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Michniacki
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, D4202 Medical Professional Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kelly J Walkovich
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, D4202 Medical Professional Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David G Frame
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mark T Vander Lugt
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, D4202 Medical Professional Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rey-Jurado E, Pizarro-Ortega MS, Kalergis AM. Insights on the crosstalk between dendritic cells and helper T cells in novel genetic etiology for mendelian susceptible mycobacterial disease. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:1091-1094. [PMID: 30405151 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rey-Jurado
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330644, Chile
| | - Magdalena S Pizarro-Ortega
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330644, Chile
| | - Alexis M Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330644, Chile. .,Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, 8330644, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Rosain J, Kong XF, Martinez-Barricarte R, Oleaga-Quintas C, Ramirez-Alejo N, Markle J, Okada S, Boisson-Dupuis S, Casanova JL, Bustamante J. Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease: 2014-2018 update. Immunol Cell Biol 2018; 97:360-367. [PMID: 30264912 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is caused by inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity. Since 1996, disease-causing mutations have been found in 11 genes, which, through allelic heterogeneity, underlie 21 different genetic disorders. We briefly review here progress in the study of molecular, cellular and clinical aspects of MSMD since the last comprehensive review published in 2014. Highlights include the discoveries of (1) a new genetic etiology, autosomal recessive signal peptide peptidase-like 2 A deficiency, (2) TYK2-deficient patients with a clinical phenotype of MSMD, (3) an allelic form of partial recessive IFN-γR2 deficiency, and (4) two forms of syndromic MSMD: RORγ/RORγT and JAK1 deficiencies. These recent findings illustrate how genetic and immunological studies of MSMD can shed a unique light onto the mechanisms of protective immunity to mycobacteria in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Children Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Xiao-Fei Kong
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruben Martinez-Barricarte
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carmen Oleaga-Quintas
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Noé Ramirez-Alejo
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Janet Markle
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Satoshi Okada
- St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM, UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Study Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Children Hospital, Paris, France.,St Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hetzel M, Mucci A, Blank P, Nguyen AHH, Schiller J, Halle O, Kühnel MP, Billig S, Meineke R, Brand D, Herder V, Baumgärtner W, Bange FC, Goethe R, Jonigk D, Förster R, Gentner B, Casanova JL, Bustamante J, Schambach A, Kalinke U, Lachmann N. Hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for IFNγR1 deficiency protects mice from mycobacterial infections. Blood 2018; 131:533-545. [PMID: 29233822 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-10-812859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by severe infections caused by weakly virulent mycobacteria. Biallelic null mutations in genes encoding interferon gamma receptor 1 or 2 (IFNGR1 or IFNGR2) result in a life-threatening disease phenotype in early childhood. Recombinant interferon γ (IFN-γ) therapy is inefficient, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has a poor prognosis. Thus, we developed a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy approach using lentiviral vectors that express Ifnγr1 either constitutively or myeloid specifically. Transduction of mouse Ifnγr1-/- HSCs led to stable IFNγR1 expression on macrophages, which rescued their cellular responses to IFN-γ. As a consequence, genetically corrected HSC-derived macrophages were able to suppress T-cell activation and showed restored antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in vitro. Transplantation of genetically corrected HSCs into Ifnγr1-/- mice before BCG infection prevented manifestations of severe BCG disease and maintained lung and spleen organ integrity, which was accompanied by a reduced mycobacterial burden in lung and spleen and a prolonged overall survival in animals that received a transplant. In summary, we demonstrate an HSC-based gene therapy approach for IFNγR1 deficiency, which protects mice from severe mycobacterial infections, thereby laying the foundation for a new therapeutic intervention in corresponding human patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hetzel
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, REBIRTH Cluster-of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adele Mucci
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Research Group Reprogramming and Gene Therapy, REBIRTH Cluster-of Excellence, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Blank
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ariane Hai Ha Nguyen
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Young Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, REBIRTH Cluster-of Excellence
| | - Jan Schiller
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Young Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, REBIRTH Cluster-of Excellence
| | | | | | - Sandra Billig
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Meineke
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Young Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, REBIRTH Cluster-of Excellence
| | | | | | | | - Franz-Christoph Bange
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralph Goethe
- Institute for Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Bernhard Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Scientific Institute Hospital San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit and
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France; and
| | - Axel Schambach
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and
- Young Research Group Translational Hematology of Congenital Diseases, REBIRTH Cluster-of Excellence
| |
Collapse
|