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Micale L, Morlino S, Carbone A, Carissimo A, Nardella G, Fusco C, Palumbo O, Schirizzi A, Russo F, Mazzoccoli G, Breckpot J, De Luca C, Ferraris A, Giunta C, Grammatico P, Haanpää MK, Mancano G, Forzano G, Cacchiarelli D, Van Esch H, Callewaert B, Rohrbach M, Castori M. Loss-of-function variants in exon 4 of TAB2 cause a recognizable multisystem disorder with cardiovascular, facial, cutaneous, and musculoskeletal involvement. Genet Med 2021; 24:439-453. [PMID: 34906501 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to describe a multisystemic disorder featuring cardiovascular, facial, musculoskeletal, and cutaneous anomalies caused by heterozygous loss-of-function variants in TAB2. METHODS Affected individuals were analyzed by next-generation technologies and genomic array. The presumed loss-of-function effect of identified variants was assessed by luciferase assay in cells transiently expressing TAB2 deleterious alleles. In available patients' fibroblasts, variant pathogenicity was further explored by immunoblot and osteoblast differentiation assays. The transcriptomic profile of fibroblasts was investigated by RNA sequencing. RESULTS A total of 11 individuals from 8 families were heterozygotes for a novel TAB2 variant. In total, 7 variants were predicted to be null alleles and 1 was a missense change. An additional subject was heterozygous for a 52 kb microdeletion involving TAB2 exons 1 to 3. Luciferase assay indicated a decreased transcriptional activation mediated by NF-κB signaling for all point variants. Immunoblot analysis showed a reduction of TAK1 phosphorylation while osteoblast differentiation was impaired. Transcriptomic analysis identified deregulation of multiple pleiotropic pathways, such as TGFβ-, Ras-MAPK-, and Wnt-signaling networks. CONCLUSION Our data defined a novel disorder associated with loss-of-function or, more rarely, hypomorphic alleles in a restricted linker region of TAB2. The pleiotropic manifestations in this disorder partly recapitulate the 6q25.1 (TAB2) microdeletion syndrome and deserve the definition of cardio-facial-cutaneous-articular syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Micale
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Silvia Morlino
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Unit of Chronobiology, Division of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Annamaria Carissimo
- Institute for Applied Mathematics "Mauro Picone" National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Nardella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carmela Fusco
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Annalisa Schirizzi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Federica Russo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Unit of Chronobiology, Division of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Jeroen Breckpot
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chiara De Luca
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Ferraris
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Giunta
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Grammatico
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria K Haanpää
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Giorgia Mancano
- Medical Genetics Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulia Forzano
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Davide Cacchiarelli
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Hilde Van Esch
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics and Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marianne Rohrbach
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS-Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
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A novel complex genomic rearrangement affecting the KCNJ2 regulatory region causes a variant of Cooks syndrome. Hum Genet 2021; 141:217-227. [PMID: 34821995 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cooks syndrome (CS) is an ultrarare limb malformation due to in tandem microduplications involving KCNJ2 and extending to the 5' regulatory element of SOX9. To date, six CS families were resolved at the molecular level. Subsequent studies explored the evolutionary and pathological complexities of the SOX9-KCNJ2/Sox9-Kcnj2 locus, and suggested a key role for the formation of novel topologically associating domain (TAD) by inter-TAD duplications in causing CS. Here, we report a unique case of CS associated with a de novo 1;17 translocation affecting the KCNJ2 locus. On chromosome 17, the breakpoint mapped between KCNJ16 and KCNJ2, and combined with a ~ 5 kb deletion in the 5' of KCNJ2. Based on available capture Hi-C data, the breakpoint on chromosome 17 separated KCNJ2 from a putative enhancer. Gene expression analysis demonstrated downregulation of KCNJ2 in both patient's blood cells and cultured skin fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that a complex rearrangement falling in the 5' of KCNJ2 may mimic the developmental consequences of in tandem duplications affecting the SOX9-KCNJ2/Sox9-Kcnj2 locus. This finding adds weight to the notion of an intricate role of gene regulatory regions and, presumably, the related three-dimensional chromatin structure in normal and abnormal human morphology.
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Micale L, Cialfi S, Fusco C, Cinque L, Castellana S, Biagini T, Talora C, Notarangelo A, Bisceglia L, Taruscio D, Salvatore M, Castori M. Novel TONSL variants cause SPONASTRIME dysplasia and associate with spontaneous chromosome breaks, defective cell proliferation and apoptosis. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 29:3122-3131. [PMID: 32959051 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SPONASTRIME dysplasia is an ultrarare spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia featuring short stature and short limbs, platyspondyly, depressed nasal bridge with midface hypoplasia and striated metaphyses. In 2019, an autosomal recessive inheritance was demonstrated by the identification of bi-allelic hypomorphic alleles in TONSL. The encoded protein has a critical role in maintaining genome integrity by promoting the homologous recombination required for repairing spontaneous replication-associated DNA lesions at collapsed replication forks. We report a 9-year-old girl with typical SPONASTRIME dysplasia and resulted in carrier of the novel missense p.(Gln430Arg) and p.(Leu1090Arg) variants in TONSL at whole-exome sequencing. In silico analysis predicted that these variants induced thermodynamic changes with a pathogenic impact on protein function. To support the pathogenicity of the identified variants, cytogenetic analysis and microscopy assays showed that patient-derived fibroblasts exhibited spontaneous chromosomal breaks and flow cytometry demonstrated defects in cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of SPONASTRIME dysplasia and might open the way to novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Micale
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Samantha Cialfi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Fusco
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Luigia Cinque
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellana
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Tommaso Biagini
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Angelantonio Notarangelo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Luigi Bisceglia
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Domenica Taruscio
- Undiagnosed Rare Diseases Interdepartmental Unit, National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Salvatore
- Undiagnosed Rare Diseases Interdepartmental Unit, National Centre for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Zsolnai A, Kovács A, Kaltenecker E, Anton I. Identification of markers associated with estimated breeding value and horn colour in Hungarian Grey cattle. Anim Biosci 2020; 34:482-488. [PMID: 32777913 PMCID: PMC7961288 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to estimate effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on the estimated breeding value of Hungarian Grey (HG) bulls and to find markers associated with horn colour. METHODS Genotypes 136 HG animals were determined on Geneseek high-density Bovine SNP 150K BeadChip. A multi-locus mixed-model was applied for statistical analyses. RESULTS Six SNPs were identified to be associated (-log10P>10) with green and white horn. These loci are located on chromosome 1, 3, 9, 18, and 25. Seven loci (on chromosome 1, 3, 6, 9, 10, 28) showed considerable association (-log10P>10) with the estimated breeding value. CONCLUSION Analysis provides markers for further research of horn colour and supplies markers to achieve more effective selection work regarding estimated breeding value of HG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Zsolnai
- NAIK-Research Institute for Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Meat Science, Gesztenyés u. 1., 2053 Herceghalom, Hungary
| | - András Kovács
- NAIK-Research Institute for Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Meat Science, Gesztenyés u. 1., 2053 Herceghalom, Hungary
| | - Endre Kaltenecker
- Association of Hungarian Grey Cattle Breeders, Lőportár u. 16.,1134 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Anton
- NAIK-Research Institute for Animal Breeding, Nutrition and Meat Science, Gesztenyés u. 1., 2053 Herceghalom, Hungary
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Micale L, Morlino S, Biagini T, Carbone A, Fusco C, Ritelli M, Giambra V, Zoppi N, Nardella G, Notarangelo A, Schirizzi A, Mazzoccoli G, Grammatico P, Wade EM, Mazza T, Colombi M, Castori M. Insights into the molecular pathogenesis of cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome: MAP3K7 c.737-7A > G variant alters the TGFβ-mediated α-SMA cytoskeleton assembly and autophagy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165742. [PMID: 32105826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a highly conserved kinase protein encoded by MAP3K7, and activated by multiple extracellular stimuli, growth factors and cytokines. Heterozygous variants in MAP3K7 cause the cardiospondylocarpofacial syndrome (CSCFS) which is characterized by short stature, dysmorphic facial features, cardiac septal defects with valve dysplasia, and skeletal anomalies. CSCFS has been described in seven patients to date and its molecular pathogenesis is only partially understood. Here, the functional effects of the MAP3K7 c.737-7A > G variant, previously identified in a girl with CSCFS and additional soft connective tissue features, were explored. This splice variant generates an in-frame insertion of 2 amino acid residues in the kinase domain of TAK1. Computational analysis revealed that this in-frame insertion alters protein dynamics in the kinase activation loop responsible for TAK1 autophosphorylation after binding with its interactor TAB1. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrate that the ectopic expression of TAK1-mutated protein impairs its ability to physically bind TAB1. In patient's fibroblasts, MAP3K7 c.737-7A > G variant results in reduced TAK1 autophosphorylation and dysregulation of the downstream TAK1-dependent signaling pathway. TAK1 loss-of-function is associated with an impaired TGFβ-mediated α-SMA cytoskeleton assembly and cell migration, and defective autophagy process. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of CSCFS and might offer the rationale for the design of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Micale
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Morlino
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Biagini
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annalucia Carbone
- Division of Internal Medicine and Unit of Chronobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela Fusco
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Ritelli
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Giambra
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology, Regenerative Medicine and Innovative Therapies (ISBReMIT), Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Zoppi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Grazia Nardella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelantonio Notarangelo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Annalisa Schirizzi
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari, "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Unit of Chronobiology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Grammatico
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma M Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tommaso Mazza
- Unit of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marina Colombi
- Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
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