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Wai HA, Svobodova E, Herrera NR, Douglas AGL, Holloway JW, Baralle FE, Baralle M, Baralle D. Tailored antisense oligonucleotides designed to correct aberrant splicing reveal actionable groups of mutations for rare genetic disorders. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1816-1825. [PMID: 39085356 PMCID: PMC11371919 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective translation of rare disease diagnosis knowledge into therapeutic applications is achievable within a reasonable timeframe; where mutations are amenable to current antisense oligonucleotide technology. In our study, we identified five distinct types of abnormal splice-causing mutations in patients with rare genetic disorders and developed a tailored antisense oligonucleotide for each mutation type using phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers with or without octa-guanidine dendrimers and 2'-O-methoxyethyl phosphorothioate. We observed variations in treatment effects and efficiencies, influenced by both the chosen chemistry and the specific nature of the aberrant splicing patterns targeted for correction. Our study demonstrated the successful correction of all five different types of aberrant splicing. Our findings reveal that effective correction of aberrant splicing can depend on altering the chemical composition of oligonucleotides and suggest a fast, efficient, and feasible approach for developing personalized therapeutic interventions for genetic disorders within short time frames.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htoo A Wai
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eliska Svobodova
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Romero Herrera
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew G L Douglas
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Francisco E Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Fondazione Fegato, Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marco Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano 99, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Diana Baralle
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Zhou N, Liang W, Zhang Y, Quan G, Li T, Huang S, Huo Y, Cui H, Cheng Y. ODAD1 variants resulting from splice-site mutations retain partial function and cause primary ciliary dyskinesia with outer dynein arm defects. Front Genet 2023; 14:1270278. [PMID: 38028630 PMCID: PMC10651219 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1270278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by defects in motile ciliary function and/or structure. Outer dynein arm docking complex subunit 1 (ODAD1) is an important component of the outer dynein arm docking complex (ODA-DC). To date, 13 likely pathogenic mutations of ODAD1 have been reported. However, the pathogenesis of ODAD1 mutations remains elusive. To investigate the pathogenesis of splice-site mutations in ODAD1 discovered in this study and those reported previously, molecular and functional analyses were performed. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a compound mutation in ODAD1 (c.71-2A>C; c.598-2A>C) in a patient with PCD, with c.598-2A>C being a novel mutation that resulted in two mutant transcripts. The compound mutation in ODAD1 (c.71-2A>C; c.598-2A>C) led to aberrant splicing that resulted in the absence of the wild-type ODAD1 and defects of the outer dynein arm in ciliary axonemes, causing a decrease in ciliary beat frequency. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the truncated proteins resulting from splice-site mutations in ODAD1 could retain partial function and inhibit the interaction between wild-type ODAD1 and ODAD3. The results of this study expand the mutational and clinical spectrum of PCD, provide more evidence for genetic counseling, and offer new insights into gene-based therapeutic strategies for PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuanxiong Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Diagnostic potential of the amniotic fluid cells transcriptome in deciphering mendelian disease: a proof-of-concept. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:74. [PMID: 36577754 PMCID: PMC9797484 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is emerging in genetic diagnoses as it provides functional support for the interpretation of variants of uncertain significance. However, the use of amniotic fluid (AF) cells for RNA-seq has not yet been explored. Here, we examined the expression of clinically relevant genes in AF cells (n = 48) compared with whole blood and fibroblasts. The number of well-expressed genes in AF cells was comparable to that in fibroblasts and much higher than that in blood across different disease categories. We found AF cells RNA-seq feasible and beneficial in prenatal diagnosis (n = 4) as transcriptomic data elucidated the molecular consequence leading to the pathogenicity upgrade of variants in CHD7 and COL1A2 and revising the in silico prediction of a variant in MYRF. AF cells RNA-seq could become a reasonable choice for postnatal patients with advantages over fibroblasts and blood as it prevents invasive procedures.
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