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Boseila AA, Ghareeb AZ, AbdElwahab MG, Seadawy MG, Al-Karmalawy AA, Yassa NW, Ghareeb DA. Throat spray formulated with virucidal pharmaceutical excipients as an effective early prophylactic or treatment strategy against pharyngitis post-exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 199:114279. [PMID: 38588829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Our study aimed to develop a virucidal throat spray using bioactive compounds and excipients, focusing on the preparation of Curcumin (CUR) in a self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS). Two molecular docking studies against SARS-CoV-2 targets guided the selection of proper oil, surfactant, co-surfactant, and natural bioactive that would maximize the antiviral activity of the throat spray. Two self-nanoemulsifying formulas that were diluted with different vehicles to prepare eight CUR-loaded SNESNS (self-nanoemulsifying self-nanosuspension) formulas. In vitro characterization studies and in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 effect revealed that the optimal formula, consisted of 20 % Anise oil, 70 % Tween 80, 10 % PEG 400, and 0.1 %w/w CUR, diluted with DEAE-Dx. Preclinical toxicity tests on male rats confirmed the safety of a mild throat spray dose (5 µg/mL CUR). In a rat model of acute pharyngitis induced by ammonia, post-treatment with the optimal formula of CUR loaded SNESNS for one week significantly reduced elevated proinflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL6, MCP1, and IL8). In conclusion, our CUR-loaded SNESNS formula, at 5 µg/mL concentration, shows promising effect as a prophylactic throat spray against SARS-CoV-2 and as a treatment for pharyngitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Boseila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Egyptian Drug Authority Formerly Known as National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara branch, Sinai 41636, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Z Ghareeb
- Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Miral G AbdElwahab
- Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Faculty of Technological Industry and Energy, Thebes Technological University, Thebes, Luxor 85863, Egypt.
| | | | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta 34518, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt.
| | - Nashwa W Yassa
- Bio‑Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Center of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Center, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Bio‑Screening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt.
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Mazzone SB, Kulasekaran A, Shea T, Adegoke O. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and pharyngitis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e738. [PMID: 36444626 PMCID: PMC9695086 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart B Mazzone
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Tim Shea
- Global Medical Affairs - Respiratory, RB Health (US) LLC, Parsippany, New Jersey, USA
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Cheng S, Xu X, Kong X, Jiang Y, Mo L, Li M, Jin Y, Han Y, Li XL, Jin T, Min JZ. Monitoring of salicylic acid content in human saliva and its relationship with plasma concentrations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114961. [PMID: 35907319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin is a widely used anti-inflammatory drug. It is reported that a relationship may exist between salicylic acid content in plasma and saliva after taking aspirin. This study established a rapid, convenient, and safe method to assess salicylic acid concentration in human saliva. A novel HPLC-ultraviolet detector was used to measure salicylic acid concentrations in human saliva and plasma. A C18 reversed-phase column with an aqueous solution of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)-acetonitrile mobile phase was used, and drug peaks were recorded at 303 nm. Salicylic acid was completely separated in saliva and plasma. Excellent linearity and correlation (r2 ≥ 0.9999) was observed between 0.1 and 2.0 μg/mL. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was 33 ng/mL, and intra- and inter-day recoveries were 103.5-113.3% and 101.1-109.5%, respectively. Salicylic acid was measured within nine hours after administration of acetylsalicylic acid tablets. A positive correlation between salicylic acid content in saliva and plasma was found (r = 0.867, p < 0.001). The proposed method was used successfully to measure salicylic acid concentration in human saliva. Meanwhile, we explored the relationship between salicylic acid levels in plasma and saliva. Saliva might replace blood for monitoring aspirin treatment. In addition, the research provides a reference for application to saliva samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xianglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xinxin Kong
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yudi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Luxuan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yueying Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yu Han
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xi-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Toufeng Jin
- Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Jun Zhe Min
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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