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Zhou L, Lu Y, Liu W, Wang S, Wang L, Zheng P, Zi G, Liu H, Liu W, Wei S. Drug conjugates for the treatment of lung cancer: from drug discovery to clinical practice. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:26. [PMID: 38429828 PMCID: PMC10908151 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00493-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
A drug conjugate consists of a cytotoxic drug bound via a linker to a targeted ligand, allowing the targeted delivery of the drug to one or more tumor sites. This approach simultaneously reduces drug toxicity and increases efficacy, with a powerful combination of efficient killing and precise targeting. Antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs) are the best-known type of drug conjugate, combining the specificity of antibodies with the cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs to reduce adverse reactions by preferentially targeting the payload to the tumor. The structure of ADCs has also provided inspiration for the development of additional drug conjugates. In recent years, drug conjugates such as ADCs, peptide‒drug conjugates (PDCs) and radionuclide drug conjugates (RDCs) have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The scope and application of drug conjugates have been expanding, including combination therapy and precise drug delivery, and a variety of new conjugation technology concepts have emerged. Additionally, new conjugation technology-based drugs have been developed in industry. In addition to chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, drug conjugate therapy has undergone continuous development and made significant progress in treating lung cancer in recent years, offering a promising strategy for the treatment of this disease. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the use of drug conjugates for lung cancer treatment, including structure-based drug design, mechanisms of action, clinical trials, and side effects. Furthermore, challenges, potential approaches and future prospects are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunlong Lu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shanglong Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengdou Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guisha Zi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wukun Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
| | - Shuang Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China.
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Shin E, Kwon Y, Jung E, Kim YJ, Kim C, Hong S, Kim J. TM4SF19 controls GABP-dependent YAP transcription in head and neck cancer under oxidative stress conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314346121. [PMID: 38315837 PMCID: PMC10873613 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314346121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Tobacco and alcohol are risk factors for human papillomavirus-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HPV- HNSCC), which arises from the mucosal epithelium of the upper aerodigestive tract. Notably, despite the mutagenic potential of smoking, HPV- HNSCC exhibits a low mutational load directly attributed to smoking, which implies an undefined role of smoking in HPV- HNSCC. Elevated YAP (Yes-associated protein) mRNA is prevalent in HPV- HNSCC, irrespective of the YAP gene amplification status, and the mechanism behind this upregulation remains elusive. Here, we report that oxidative stress, induced by major risk factors for HPV- HNSCC such as tobacco and alcohol, promotes YAP transcription via TM4SF19 (transmembrane 4 L six family member 19). TM4SF19 modulates YAP transcription by interacting with the GABP (Guanine and adenine-binding protein) transcription factor complex. Mechanistically, oxidative stress induces TM4SF19 dimerization and topology inversion in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, which in turn protects the GABPβ1 subunit from proteasomal degradation. Conversely, depletion of TM4SF19 impairs the survival, proliferation, and migration of HPV- HNSCC cells, highlighting the potential therapeutic relevance of targeting TM4SF19. Our findings reveal the roles of the key risk factors of HPV- HNSCC in tumor development via oxidative stress, offering implications for upcoming therapeutic approaches in HPV- HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbie Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon34141, Korea
| | - Yongsoo Kwon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon34141, Korea
| | - Eunji Jung
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon34141, Korea
| | - Yong Joon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Severance Hospital, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul03722, South Korea
| | - Changgon Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon34141, Korea
| | - Semyeong Hong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon34141, Korea
| | - Joon Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon34141, Korea
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Anderluzzi G, Ghitti M, Gasparri AM, Taiè G, Sacchi A, Gori A, Andolfo A, Pozzi F, Musco G, Curnis F, Corti A. A novel aminopeptidase N/CD13 inhibitor selectively targets an endothelial form of CD13 after coupling to proteins. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:68. [PMID: 38289472 PMCID: PMC10827914 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N/CD13, a membrane-bound enzyme upregulated in tumor vasculature and involved in angiogenesis, can be used as a receptor for the targeted delivery of drugs to tumors through ligand-directed targeting approaches. We describe a novel peptide ligand (VGCARRYCS, called "G4") that recognizes CD13 with high affinity and selectivity. Enzymological and computational studies showed that G4 is a competitive inhibitor that binds to the catalytic pocket of CD13 through its N-terminal region. Fusing the peptide C-terminus to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) or coupling it to a biotin/avidin complex causes loss of binding and inhibitory activity against different forms of CD13, including natural or recombinant ectoenzyme and a membrane form expressed by HL60 promyelocytic leukemia cells (likely due to steric hindrance), but not binding to a membrane form of CD13 expressed by endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, G4-TNF systemically administered to tumor-bearing mice exerted anticancer effects through a CD13-targeting mechanism, indicating the presence of a CD13 form in tumor vessels with an accessible binding site. Biochemical studies showed that most CD13 molecules expressed on the surface of ECs are catalytically inactive. Other functional assays showed that these molecules can promote endothelial cell adhesion to plates coated with G4-avidin complexes, suggesting that the endothelial form of CD13 can exert catalytically independent biological functions. In conclusion, ECs express a catalytically inactive form of CD13 characterized by an accessible conformation that can be selectively targeted by G4-protein conjugates. This form of CD13 may represent a specific target receptor for ligand-directed targeted delivery of therapeutics to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Anderluzzi
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Ghitti
- Biomolecular NMR Group, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Gasparri
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Taiè
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelina Sacchi
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, C.N.R., Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- ProMeFa, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Pozzi
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Musco
- Biomolecular NMR Group, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Curnis
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo Corti
- Tumor Biology and Vascular Targeting Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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Shen PW, Ho CT, Hsiao SH, Chou YT, Chang YC, Liu JJ. Disruption of Cytosolic Folate Integrity Aggravates Resistance to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Modulates Metastatic Properties in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168838. [PMID: 34445544 PMCID: PMC8396212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are susceptible to malnutrition and develop folate deficiency (FD). We previously found that folate deprivation induces drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma; here, we assessed whether disrupted cytoplasmic folate metabolism could mimic FD-induced metastasis and affect the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). We examined whether cytosolic folate metabolism in NSCLC cells was disrupted by FD or the folate metabolism blocker pemetrexed for 1–4 weeks. Our results revealed an increase in NF-κB overexpression–mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers: N-cadherin, vimentin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), SOX9, and SLUG. This finding suggests that the disruption of folate metabolism can drastically enhance the metastatic properties of NSCLC cells. Cytosolic FD also affected EGFR-TKI cytotoxicity toward NSCLC cells. Because SLUG and N-cadherin are resistance effectors against gefitinib, the effects of SLUG knockdown in folate antagonist–treated CL1-0 cells were evaluated. SLUG knockdown prevented SLUG/NF-κB/SOX9-mediated invasiveness and erlotinib resistance acquisition and significantly reduced pemetrexed-induced gelatinase activity and MMP gene expression. To summarize, our data reveal two unprecedented adverse effects of folate metabolism disruption in NSCLC cells. Thus, the folic acid status of patients with NSCLC under treatment can considerably influence their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Wen Shen
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Te Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Hsin Hsiao
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ting Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Cheng Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Jen Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-27361661
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CD13 orients the apical-basal polarity axis necessary for lumen formation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4697. [PMID: 34349123 PMCID: PMC8338993 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24993-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polarized epithelial cells can organize into complex structures with a characteristic central lumen. Lumen formation requires that cells coordinately orient their polarity axis so that the basolateral domain is on the outside and apical domain inside epithelial structures. Here we show that the transmembrane aminopeptidase, CD13, is a key determinant of epithelial polarity orientation. CD13 localizes to the apical membrane and associates with an apical complex with Par6. CD13-deficient cells display inverted polarity in which apical proteins are retained on the outer cell periphery and fail to accumulate at an intercellular apical initiation site. Here we show that CD13 is required to couple apical protein cargo to Rab11-endosomes and for capture of endosomes at the apical initiation site. This role in polarity utilizes the short intracellular domain but is independent of CD13 peptidase activity.
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Zhu YS, Tang K, Lv J. Peptide-drug conjugate-based novel molecular drug delivery system in cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2021; 42:857-869. [PMID: 34334251 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery systems are generally believed to comprise drugs and excipients. A peptide-drug conjugate is a single molecule that can simultaneously play multiple roles in a drug delivery system, such as in vivo drug distribution, targeted release, and bioactivity functions. This molecule can be regarded as an integrated drug delivery system, so it is called a molecular drug delivery system. In the context of cancer therapy, a peptide-drug conjugate comprises a tumor-targeting peptide, a payload, and a linker. Tumor-targeting peptides specifically identify membrane receptors on tumor cells, improve drug-targeted therapeutic effects, and reduce toxic and side effects. Payloads with bioactive functions connect to tumor-targeting peptides through linkers. In this review, we explored ongoing clinical work on peptide-drug conjugates targeting various receptors. We discuss the binding mechanisms of tumor-targeting peptides and related receptors, as well as the limiting factors for peptide-drug conjugate-based molecular drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Shen Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Kexing Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayi Lv
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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7
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Luo H, Bu D, Shao L, Li Y, Sun L, Wang C, Wang J, Yang W, Yang X, Dong J, Zhao Y, Li F. Single-cell Long Non-coding RNA Landscape of T Cells in Human Cancer Immunity. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2021; 19:377-393. [PMID: 34284134 PMCID: PMC8864193 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of new biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapies requires deep understanding of T cells. To date, the complete landscape and systematic characterization of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in T cells in cancer immunity are lacking. Here, by systematically analyzing full-length single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of more than 20,000 libraries of T cells across three cancer types, we provided the first comprehensive catalog and the functional repertoires of lncRNAs in human T cells. Specifically, we developed a custom pipeline for de novotranscriptome assembly and obtained a novel lncRNA catalog containing 9433 genes. This increased the number of current human lncRNA catalog by 16% and nearly doubled the number of lncRNAs expressed in T cells. We found that a portion of expressed genes in single T cells were lncRNAs which had been overlooked by the majority of previous studies. Based on metacell maps constructed by the MetaCell algorithm that partitions scRNA-seq datasets into disjointed and homogenous groups of cells (metacells), 154 signature lncRNA genes were identified. They were associated with effector, exhausted, and regulatory T cell states. Moreover, 84 of them were functionally annotated based on the co-expression networks, indicating that lncRNAs might broadly participate in the regulation of T cell functions. Our findings provide a new point of view and resource for investigating the mechanisms of T cell regulation in cancer immunity as well as for novel cancer-immune biomarker development and cancer immunotherapies
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Luo
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Dechao Bu
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computing Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lijuan Shao
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computing Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ce Wang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Advanced Computing Research Center, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Furong Li
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen 518020, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Transformation, Shenzhen 518020, China.
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Tang Q, Chen J, Di Z, Yuan W, Zhou Z, Liu Z, Han S, Liu Y, Ying G, Shu X, Di M. TM4SF1 promotes EMT and cancer stemness via the Wnt/β-catenin/SOX2 pathway in colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:232. [PMID: 33153498 PMCID: PMC7643364 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01690-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) is upregulated in several epithelial cancers and is closely associated with poor prognosis. However, the role of TM4SF1 and its potential mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive. METHODS We investigated the expression of TM4SF1 in the Oncomine, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and confirmed the results by immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and Western blotting (WB) of CRC tissues. The effect of TM4SF1 on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness of CRC cells was investigated by Transwell, wound healing and sphere formation assays. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to reveal the mechanisms by which TM4SF1 modulates EMT and cancer stemness in CRC. RESULTS TM4SF1 expression was markedly higher in CRC tissues than in non-tumour tissues and was positively correlated with poor prognosis. Downregulation of TM4SF1 inhibited the migration, invasion and tumour sphere formation of SW480 and LoVo cells. Conversely, TM4SF1 overexpression significantly enhanced the migration, invasion and tumoursphere formation potential of CRC cells, Additionally, TM4SF1 silencing inhibited the EMT mediated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Mechanistically, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) predicted that the Wnt signalling pathway was one of the most impaired pathways in TM4SF1-deficient CRC cells compared to controls. The results were further validated by WB, which revealed that TM4SF1 modulated SOX2 expression in a Wnt/β-catenin activation-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of TM4SF1 suppressed the expression of c-Myc, leading to decreased c-Myc binding to the SOX2 gene promoter. Finally, depletion of TM4SF1 inhibited metastasis and tumour growth in a xenograft mouse model. CONCLUSION Our study substantiates a novel mechanism by which TM4SF1 maintains cancer cell stemness and EMT via the Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc/SOX2 axis during the recurrence and metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tang
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjins Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jinhuang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyang Di
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenzheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zili Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyi Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengbo Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjins Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Xiaogang Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Maojun Di
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, China.
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9
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Fu F, Yang X, Zheng M, Zhao Q, Zhang K, Li Z, Zhang H, Zhang S. Role of Transmembrane 4 L Six Family 1 in the Development and Progression of Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:202. [PMID: 33015133 PMCID: PMC7461813 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L six family 1 (TM4SF1) is a protein with four transmembrane domains that belongs to the transmembrane 4 L six family members (TM4SFs). Structurally, TM4SF1 consists of four transmembrane domains (TM1–4), N- and C-terminal intracellular domains, two extracellular domains, a smaller domain between TM1 and TM2, and a larger domain between TM3 and TM4. Within the cell, TM4SF1 is located at the cell surface where it transmits extracellular signals into the cytoplasm. TM4SF1 interacts with tetraspanins, integrin, receptor tyrosine kinases, and other proteins to form tetraspanin-enriched microdomains. This interaction affects the pro-migratory activity of the cells, and thus it plays important roles in the development and progression of cancer. TM4SF1 has been shown to be overexpressed in many malignant tumors, including gliomas; malignant melanomas; and liver, prostate, breast, pancreatic, bladder, colon, lung, gastric, ovarian, and thyroid cancers. TM4SF1 promotes the migration and invasion of cancer cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, self-renewal ability, tumor angiogenesis, invadopodia formation, and regulating the related signaling pathway. TM4SF1 is an independent prognostic indicator and biomarker in several cancers. It also promotes drug resistance, which is a major cause of therapeutic failure. These characteristics make TM4SF1 an attractive target for antibody-based immunotherapy. Here, we review the many functions of TM4SF1 in malignant tumors, with the aim to understand the interaction between its expression and the biological behaviors of cancer and to supply a basis for exploring new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmei Fu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Tianjin Rehabilitation Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zugui Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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Xu M, Sun J, Yu Y, Pang Q, Lin X, Barakat M, Lei R, Xu J. TM4SF1 involves in miR-1-3p/miR-214-5p-mediated inhibition of the migration and proliferation in keloid by regulating AKT/ERK signaling. Life Sci 2020; 254:117746. [PMID: 32376266 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) is a small plasma membrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in cancers. However, the role of TM4SF1 that plays in keloids remains unknown. We investigated the expression, function and the microRNA (miRNA) regulatory network of TM4SF1 in keloids. MAIN METHODS Small interfering RNAs and lentivirus were used to alter the expression of TM4SF1 in fibroblasts. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were applied to determine the miRNA targets. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, qRT-PCR, wound healing assays, Transwell assays, cell count kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were also employed in this study. KEY FINDINGS TM4SF1 was frequently upregulated in human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs) compared with human normal skin fibroblasts (HSFs). The downregulation of TM4SF1 significantly inhibited proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis in HKFs. Furthermore, si-TM4SF1 inhibited the AKT/ERK signaling. Meanwhile, the upregulation of TM4SF1 promoted proliferation, migration and the activation of AKT/ERK signaling in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF-1). Moreover, TM4SF1 can be regulated by miRNAs, which have been validated to play important roles in keloids by posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. After screening, we found miR-1-3p and miR-214-5p targeted TM4SF1, inhibited TM4SF1 expression, cell proliferation, migration, and induced apoptosis in HKFs. And the level of miR-1-3p and miR-214-5p were found lower in HKFs than in HSFs. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrates a novel regulatory mechanism by which miR-1-3p, miR-214-5p, and TM4SF1 are involved in proliferation, cell motility, and apoptosis, suggesting that they may be potential targets in therapies for keloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijia Yu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - May Barakat
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rui Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Ye L, Pu C, Tang J, Wang Y, Wang C, Qiu Z, Xiang T, Zhang Y, Peng W. Transmembrane-4 L-six family member-1 (TM4SF1) promotes non-small cell lung cancer proliferation, invasion and chemo-resistance through regulating the DDR1/Akt/ERK-mTOR axis. Respir Res 2019; 20:106. [PMID: 31142317 PMCID: PMC6542073 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor chemo-resistance is a hallmark of malignant tumors as well as the major cause of poor survival rates in lung cancer. Transmembrane-4 L-six family member-1 (TM4SF1), an antigen that serves as an oncogene, mainly affects tumor invasion and metastasis. We investigated the roles of TM4SF1 in non-small-cell lung cancer progression, particularly in the regulation of chemo-sensitivity. Methods TM4SF1 was silenced by small interfering RNA transfection.TM4SF1 expression in cell lines and tissues were determined by Quantitative Real-time PCR. MTS, clonogenic, Transwell assay, Flow cytometry verified cell function. By RT-PCR, Western blot, the mechanisms were studied. Results TM4SF1 was upregulated in both lung cancer cell lines and tissues, compared with 293 T epithelial cells. Analysis of online databases revealed that high expression of TM4SF1 is associated with the older patient age, smoking habits, and poor patient survival and outcome. Knockdown of TM4SF1 substantially inhibited tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion, and enhanced the chemo-sensitivity of the lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1299 to cisplatin and paclitaxel. Furthermore, the silencing of TM4SF1 induced lung cancer cell apoptosis and arrested cells at the G2/M phase. These results suggest that TM4SF1 is associated with lung cancer progression and appears to be required for tumor cell growth, maintenance of chemo-resistance and metastasis. We further found that TM4SF1 exerts these effects in part by regulating the expression of the discoidin domain receptor DDR1 and its downstream target, the Akt/ERK/mTOR pathway, and consequently alters cell sensitivity to chemo-reagents and contributes to invasion and metastasis. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that TM4SF1 may serve as a prognostic factor for lung cancer chemo-response and patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ye
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyun Pu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital& Chongqing Cancer Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhu Qiu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingxiu Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunmei Zhang
- Nursing College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Weiyan Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Yang YK, Shen DD, He P, Du LD, Wan DJ, Wang P, Wang T, Feng MQ. Chemically synthesized LYRM03 could inhibit the metastasis of human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro and in vivo. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1719-1726. [PMID: 31126854 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN) belongs to the aminopeptidase family, which is widely distributed throughout the animal and plant kingdoms. APN is thought to be a very important target for cancer therapy as it is linked to cancer progression and metastasis. However, bestatin (Ubenimex) is the only approved drug that targets various aminopeptidases for the treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia and lymphedema. A compound 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoylvalylisoleucine (also known as LYRM03), isolated from a Streptomyces strain HCCB10043, exhibited more potent inhibitory activity than bestatin. In this work, we applied a chemical synthesis strategy to generate LYRM03 to overcome the low yields typically achieved from fermentation. Finally, we explored a suite of experiments to determine the bioactivity of LYRM03 and revealed that the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells was significantly restrained with LYRM03 treatment or injection both in vitro and in vivo. Because of its anti-metastasis capacity, further structure modifications of LYRM03 will be of interest for its use alone or in combination as a therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kai Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Da-Dong Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Peng He
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Liang-Dong Du
- Shanghai Laiyi Center for Biopharmaceuticals R&D, 5B, Building 8 200 Niudun Road Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ding-Jian Wan
- Shanghai Laiyi Center for Biopharmaceuticals R&D, 5B, Building 8 200 Niudun Road Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- Shanghai Laiyi Center for Biopharmaceuticals R&D, 5B, Building 8 200 Niudun Road Pudong District, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Mei-Qing Feng
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Oka S, Ono K, Nohgawa M. Clinical effects of CD33 and MPC-1 on the prognosis of multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib. Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:2152-2157. [PMID: 30887866 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1574003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of immunophenotyping on the prognoses of patients with MM treated with bortezomib as induction therapy were investigated. A total of 118 patients with MM were examined, and the prognostic significance of the immunophenotyping and other factors were investigated. Immature and plasmablastic cell types and high-risk cytogenesis were more frequently observed in patients with CD33+ and MPC-1-. CD33+ and MPC-1- have potential as prognostic factors and correlated with lower progression-free survival and overall survival in a Kaplan-Meier analysis. Moreover, the present results demonstrated that at the relapse of disease, the percentage of CD33 increased (median 48.7%) and MPC-1 decreased (median 14.1%), respectively, therefore, both of these antigens may be associated with the refractory disease status. The present study showed that the expression of CD33 and MPC-1 in neoplastic plasma cells from patients with MM was associated with patient prognosis independent of other prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Oka
- Division of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Kazuo Ono
- Division of Pathology, Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Masaharu Nohgawa
- Division of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Society Wakayama Medical Center , Wakayama , Japan
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14
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Gao C, Yao H, Liu H, Feng Y, Yang Z. TM4SF1 is a potential target for anti-invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:237. [PMID: 30876464 PMCID: PMC6419813 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with ovarian cancer commonly have a poor prognosis, owing to its invasiveness and distant metastasis. Studies have found TM4SF1 participates in regulating tumor cell invasion and migration. Therefore, it is expected to become a target for anti-invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer. METHODS The expression of TM4SF1 in normal ovarian epithelial tissues, benign ovarian tumor tissues, primary foci of epithelial ovarian cancer and the matched lymph mode metastatic foci was detected using immunohistochemistry to analyze its association with prognosis. The expression of TM4SF1 in HO8910PM, SKOV3 was inhibited using RNAi, and the growth, proliferation, migration, invasion abilities of HO8910PM and SKOV3 cells and the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice were examined. RESULTS (1) The positive expression rate of TM4SF1 protein in epithelial ovarian cancer tissues (90.90%) was higher than that in benign ovarian tumor tissues (65.22%) and normal ovarian epithelial tissues (31.25%), and both differences were significant (P < 0.05). The expression of TM4SF1 protein was positive in all metastatic lymph node foci and matched primary foci (100%). (2) The level of TM4SF1 protein expression was positively correlated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage and histological grade. However, The positive TM4SF1 protein expression was not an independent factor of prognosis (P > 0.05). (3) Silencing TM4SF1 expression did not affect growth, proliferation, or cell cycle distribution but inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of HO8910PM and SKOV3 cells. Silencing TM4SF1 expression inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. CONCLUSION TM4SF1 is a potential target for anti-invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Gao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China.,Key laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention &Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, No.22 Shuanyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Hongyu Yao
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China.,Key laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention &Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, No.22 Shuanyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China.,Key laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention &Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, No.22 Shuanyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yanying Feng
- Departments of Electrocardiogram, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Zhijun Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.71 Hedi Road, Nanning, 530021, China. .,Key laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention &Treatment (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, No.22 Shuanyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
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15
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Wei Y, Shen X, Li L, Cao G, Cai X, Wang Y, Shen H. TM4SF1 inhibits apoptosis and promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in human gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6081-6088. [PMID: 30344751 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is associated with poor patient prognosis, and so it crucial to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of GC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of transmembrane-4 L6 family member 1 (TM4SF1) in the progression of GC. TM4SF1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and TM4SF1-expressing plasmids were employed to regulate TM4SF1 expression. In vitro experiments were performed to determine the effect of TM4SF1 on the expression of apoptosis-associated molecules and determine the role of TM4SF1 in apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion using human GC cell lines MGC803 and MKN45. The data of the present study demonstrated that TM4SF1 may regulate the expression of apoptosis-associated molecules at the mRNA and protein levels. TM4SF1 silencing reduced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) expression, whilst caspase-3 and Bcl2-associated X expression increased, and upregulating TM4SF1 reversed these changes in GC cells. Furthermore, TM4SF1 knockdown promoted apoptosis while inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC cells. Rescue experiments demonstrated that TM4SF1 upregulation reversed the changes induced by transfection with TM4SF1 siRNA. In summary, TM4SF1 is an anti-apoptosis protein associated with the progression of GC. Additional in vivo experiments and clinical trials are required to confirm the possible use of TM4SF1 in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhai Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Liqin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Xuhua Cai
- Department of Digestion, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, P.R. China
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16
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Carrascal MA, Silva M, Ferreira JA, Azevedo R, Ferreira D, Silva AMN, Ligeiro D, Santos LL, Sackstein R, Videira PA. A functional glycoproteomics approach identifies CD13 as a novel E-selectin ligand in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2069-2080. [PMID: 29777742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glycan moieties sialyl-Lewis-X and/or -A (sLeX/A) are the primary ligands for E-selectin, regulating subsequent tumor cell extravasation into distant organs. However, the nature of the glycoprotein scaffolds displaying these glycans in breast cancer remains unclear and constitutes the focus of the present investigation. METHODS We isolated glycoproteins that bind E-selectin from the CF1_T breast cancer cell line, derived from a patient with ductal carcinoma. Proteins were identified using bottom-up proteomics approach by nanoLC-orbitrap LTQ-MS/MS. Data were curated using bioinformatics tools to highlight clinically relevant glycoproteins, which were validated by flow cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and in-situ proximity ligation assays in clinical samples. RESULTS We observed that the CF1_T cell line expressed sLeX, but not sLeA and the E-selectin reactivity was mainly on N-glycans. MS and bioinformatics analysis of the targeted glycoproteins, when narrowed down to the most clinically relevant species in breast cancer, identified CD44 glycoprotein (HCELL) and CD13 as key E-selectin ligands. Additionally, the co-expression of sLeX-CD44 and sLeX-CD13 was confirmed in clinical breast cancer tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Both CD44 and CD13 glycoforms display sLeX in breast cancer and bind E-selectin, suggesting a key role in metastasis development. Such observations provide a novel molecular rationale for developing targeted therapeutics. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE While HCELL expression in breast cancer has been previously reported, this is the first study indicating that CD13 functions as an E-selectin ligand in breast cancer. This observation supports previous associations of CD13 with metastasis and draws attention to this glycoprotein as an anti-cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Carrascal
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Silva
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Departments of Dermatology and Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - J A Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Immunology, ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - D Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - A M N Silva
- REQUIMTE-LAQV/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - D Ligeiro
- Centro de Sangue e Transplantação de Lisboa, Instituto Português de Sangue e Transplantação, IP, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L L Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Sackstein
- Departments of Dermatology and Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - P A Videira
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies-PPAIN), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2820-287 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Amin SA, Adhikari N, Jha T. Design of Aminopeptidase N Inhibitors as Anti-cancer Agents. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6468-6490. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sk. Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Adhikari
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box 17020, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
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18
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Pang L, Zhang N, Xia Y, Wang D, Wang G, Meng X. Serum APN/CD13 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77854-77864. [PMID: 27788483 PMCID: PMC5363626 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N, also known as CD13, has been reported to be overexpressed in several cancers and may contribute to tumor metastasis and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether serum APN/CD13 could be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC). Serum APN/CD13 and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels were measured from 382 participants, which comprised of 204 participants with PC, 48 participants with benign pancreatic tumors (BPT), 43 participants with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and 87 healthy controls (HC). We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to calculate diagnostic accuracy. The association of serum APN/CD13 levels with the clinicopathological characteristics of PC patients and their survival was investigated. Serum APN/CD13 levels were substantially higher in PC patients than in controls. ROC analysis revealed that APN/CD13 was significantly better than CA19-9 in differentiating patients with PC from controls. Similar results were noted for early-stage PC. Moreover, the combined use of APN/CD13 and CA19-9 data improved the diagnostic accuracy for PC vs. controls, compared with either test alone. High serum APN/CD13 levels were associated with tumor size, lymph nodes, and metastasis (TNM) stage. Multivariate and ROC curve analyses revealed that high serum APN/CD13 level is an independent factor for predicting mortality and overall survival (OS). Moreover, Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated an inverse correlation between increased serum APN/CD13 level and OS. Our study established that serum APN/CD13 may be a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dawei Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Basic Medical College of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Xing P, Dong H, Liu Q, Zhao T, Yao F, Xu Y, Chen B, Zheng X, Wu Y, Jin F, Li J. Upregulation of transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 predicts poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer: A STROBE-compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e9476. [PMID: 29384939 PMCID: PMC6392956 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 L6 family member 1 (TM4SF1) belongs to the 4-transmembrane-domain family and functions as an oncogene in multiple human cancers. In this work, we aim to determine TM4SF1 expression and its prognostic impact on patients with invasive breast cancer.Overall, we enrolled 209 invasive breast cancer patients and immunohistochemically examined the expression of TM4SF1 in tumor specimens. The relationship between TM4SF1 expression and clinicopathological parameter and patient survival of breast cancer patients was analyzed.Among the 209 cases, 137 (65.6%) exhibited high expression of TM4SF1. High TM4SF1 expression was significantly associated with advanced histological grade and negative estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors were more likely to express high levels of TM4SF1 than non-TNBC cases. Patients with high tumoral expression of TM4SF1 had a significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS; P = .00) and overall survival (OS; P = .01) than those with low expression of TM4SF1. When survival analysis was restricted to the 167 patients (79.9%) receiving adjuvant chemotherapy, TM4SF1 expression was also correlated with poorer DFS and OS (P = .00). In multiple Cox regression analysis TM4SF1 expression remained an independent prognostic indicator for OS and DFS.TM4SF1 is upregulated and serves as an independent poor prognostic indicator in invasive breast cancer.
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Xue L, Yu X, Jiang X, Deng X, Mao L, Guo L, Fan J, Fan Q, Wang L, Lu SH. TM4SF1 promotes the self-renewal of esophageal cancer stem-like cells and is regulated by miR-141. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19274-19284. [PMID: 27974706 PMCID: PMC5386683 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells have been identified in primary human tumors and cancer cell lines. Previously we found TM4SF1 gene was highly expressed in side population (SP) cells from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines, but the role and underlying mechanism of TM4SF1 in ESCC remain unclear. In this study, we observed TM4SF1 was up-regulated but miR-141 was down-regulated in SP cells isolated from ESCC cell lines. TM4SF1 could stimulate the self-renewal ability and carcinogenicity of esophageal cancer stem-like cells, and promote cell invasion and migration. In miR-141 overexpression cells, the expression of TM4SF1 was significantly reduced. We also found that overexpression of miR-141 could abolish the self-renewal ability and carcinogenicity of esophageal cancer stem-like cells and decrease cell invasion and migration by suppressing TM4SF1. Consequently, TM4SF1 is a direct target gene of miR-141. The regulation of TM4SF1 by miR-141 may play an important role in controlling self-renewals of esophageal cancer stem-like cells. It may also promote the development of new therapeutic strategies and efficient drugs to target ESCC stem-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xue
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiying Yu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xingran Jiang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Current address: Department of Pathology, Beijing ChaoYang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Mao
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhu Fan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Qinqxia Fan
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuxing Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Lu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, Beijing, China
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21
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Gerbaud P, Guibourdenche J, Jarray R, Conti M, Palmic P, Leclerc‐Mercier S, Bruneau J, Hermine O, Lepelletier Y, Raynaud F. APN/CD13 is over‐expressed by Psoriatic fibroblasts and is modulated by CGRP and IL‐4 but not by retinoic acid treatment. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:958-967. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Guibourdenche
- Service de Biologie hormonale et métaboliqueHôpital CochinAssistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP)ParisFrance
| | - Rafika Jarray
- Sup'BiotechVillejuifFrance
- CEADivision of Prions and Related Diseases (SEPIA)Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies (iMETI)Fontenay‐aux‐ RosesFrance
| | - Marc Conti
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Henri‐Mondor, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris (AP‐HP)Université Paris‐EstCréteilFrance
| | - Patricia Palmic
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie PathologiquesCHU de MartiniqueHôpital Pierre Zobda QuitmanFort‐de‐France CedexFrance
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological DisordersINSERM UMR 1163ParisFrance
- Imagine InstituteParis Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 8254ParisFrance
| | - Stéphanie Leclerc‐Mercier
- Pathology Department and Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases (MAGEC)Hôpital Necker—Enfants MaladesParisFrance
| | - Julie Bruneau
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological DisordersINSERM UMR 1163ParisFrance
- Imagine InstituteParis Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 8254ParisFrance
- Service de PathologieHôpital Universitaire Necker‐Enfants MaladesAssistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de ParisUniversité Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological DisordersINSERM UMR 1163ParisFrance
- Imagine InstituteParis Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 8254ParisFrance
| | - Yves Lepelletier
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological DisordersINSERM UMR 1163ParisFrance
- Imagine InstituteParis Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 8254ParisFrance
| | - Françoise Raynaud
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Basis of Normal Hematopoiesis and Hematological DisordersINSERM UMR 1163ParisFrance
- Imagine InstituteParis Descartes University–Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 8254ParisFrance
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques (LCBPT)UMR 8601 CNRSUniversité Paris DescartesSorbonne Paris CitéUFR Biomédicale des Saints PèresParisFrance
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22
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Park YR, Kim SL, Lee MR, Seo SY, Lee JH, Kim SH, Kim IH, Lee SO, Lee ST, Kim SW. MicroRNA-30a-5p (miR-30a) regulates cell motility and EMT by directly targeting oncogenic TM4SF1 in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:1915-1927. [PMID: 28528497 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide, and many oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are involved in CRC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression. Previous studies have revealed that miRNAs regulate the development and progression of many cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of microRNA-30a-5p (miR-30a) in CRC and its unknown mechanisms. METHODS qRT-PCR was used to detect miR-30a and TM4SF1 mRNA expression in CRC specimens and cell lines. CRC cell migration and invasion were assessed after transfection with miR-30a or TM4SF1 using wound healing and trans-well migration and invasion assays. Transmembrane-4-L-six-family protein (TM4SF1) was validated as a target of miR-30a in CRC through luciferase reporter assay and bioinformatics algorithms. Moreover, two EMT regulators, E-cadherin and VEGF, were also identified using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found that miR-30a was down-regulated in CRC tumor tissues and cell lines, and miR-30a was inversely associated with advanced stage and lymph node metastatic status compared with normal tissues. miR-30a decreased migration and invasion in CRC cell lines, and miR-30a overexpression not only down-regulated TM4SF1 mRNA and protein expression, but also inhibited the expression of VEGF and enhanced expression of E-cadherin. We also showed that TM4SF1 was up-regulated in CRC tumor specimens compared with adjacent normal tissues, and TM4SF1 expression was significantly associated with advanced stage and lymph node status compared with adjacent normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that miR-30a is an important regulator of TM4SF1, VEGF, and E-cadherin for CRC lymph node metastasis, a potential new therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - S L Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - M R Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - I H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - S O Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - S T Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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23
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He X, Hu Y, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. Design, synthesis and application of a near-infrared fluorescent probe for in vivo imaging of aminopeptidase N. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9438-9441. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05142e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We have, for the first time, developed a near-infrared fluorescent probe for aminopeptidase N by combining a hemicyanine and an alanyl residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Yiming Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Wen Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Huimin Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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24
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Sher YP, Lin SI, Chen IH, Liu HY, Lin CY, Chiang IP, Roffler S, Chen HW, Liu SJ. A HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope induces anti-tumor effects against human lung cancer in mouse xenograft model. Oncotarget 2016; 7:671-83. [PMID: 26621839 PMCID: PMC4808025 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is attractive for antigen-specific T cell-mediated anti-tumor therapy, especially in induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. In this report, we evaluated human CTL epitope-induced anti-tumor effects in human lung cancer xenograft models. The tumor associated antigen L6 (TAL6) is highly expressed in human lung cancer cell lines and tumor specimens as compared to normal lung tissues. TAL6 derived peptides strongly inhibited tumor growth, cancer metastasis and prolonged survival time in HLA-A2 transgenic mice immunized with a formulation of T-helper (Th) peptide, synthetic CpG ODN, and adjuvant Montanide ISA-51 (ISA-51). Adoptive transfer of peptide-induced CTL cells from HLA-A2 transgenic mice into human tumor xenograft SCID mice significantly inhibited tumor growth. Furthermore, combination of CTL-peptide immunotherapy and gemcitabine additively improved the therapeutic effects. This pre-clinical evaluation model provides a useful platform to develop efficient immunotherapeutic drugs to treat lung cancer and demonstrates a promising strategy with benefit of antitumor immune responses worthy of further development in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Pyng Sher
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Su-I Lin
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hua Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yuan Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ping Chiang
- Department of Pathology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Steve Roffler
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Huang YK, Fan XG, Qiu F. TM4SF1 Promotes Proliferation, Invasion, and Metastasis in Human Liver Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17050661. [PMID: 27153056 PMCID: PMC4881487 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17050661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane 4 superfamily member 1 (TM4SF1) is a member of tetraspanin family, which mediates signal transduction events regulating cell development, activation, growth and motility. Our previous studies showed that TM4SF1 is highly expressed in liver cancer. HepG2 cells were transfected with TM4SFl siRNA and TM4SF1-expressing plasmids and their biological functions were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. HepG2 cells overexpressing TM4SF1 showed reduced apoptosis and increased cell migration in vitro and enhanced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, whereas siRNA-mediated silencing of TM4SF1 had the opposite effect. TM4SF1 exerts its effect by regulating a few apoptosis- and migration-related genes including caspase-3, caspase-9, MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF. These results indicate that TM4SF1 is associated with liver tumor growth and progression, suggesting that TM4SF1 may be a potential target for treatment of liver cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kun Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Xue-Gong Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Fu Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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26
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Chimeric peptide containing both B and T cells epitope of tumor-associated antigen L6 enhances anti-tumor effects in HLA-A2 transgenic mice. Cancer Lett 2016; 377:126-33. [PMID: 27130449 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic peptides are attractive for cancer immunotherapy because of their safety and flexibility. In this report, we identified a new B cell epitope of tumor-associated antigen L6 (TAL6) that could induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vivo. We incorporated the B cell epitope with a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and a helper T (Th) epitope to form a chimeric long peptide. We formulated the chimeric peptide with different adjuvants to immunize HLA-A2 transgenic mice and evaluate their immunogenicity. The chimeric peptide formulated with an emulsion type nanoparticle (PELC) adjuvant and a toll-like receptor 9 agonist (CpG ODN) (PELC/CpG) induced the greatest ADCC and CTL responses. The induced anti-tumor immunity inhibited the growth of TAL6-positive cancer cells. Moreover, we observed that immunization with the chimeric peptide inhibited cancer cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. These data suggest that a chimeric peptide containing both B and T cell epitopes of TAL6 formulated with PELC/CpG adjuvant is feasible for cancer immunotherapy.
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27
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Park YR, Lee ST, Kim SL, Liu YC, Lee MR, Shin JH, Seo SY, Kim SH, Kim IH, Lee SO, Kim SW. MicroRNA-9 suppresses cell migration and invasion through downregulation of TM4SF1 in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:2135-43. [PMID: 26983891 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane-4-L6 family 1 (TM4SF1) is upregulated in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). However, the mechanism leading to inhibition of the TM4SF1 is not known. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of TM4SF1 and function of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CRC invasion and metastasis. We analyzed 60 colon cancers and paired normal specimens for TM4SF1 and miRNA-9 (miR-9) expression using quantitative real-time PCR. A bioinformatics analysis identified a putative miR-9 binding site within the 3'-UTR of TM4SF1. We also found that TM4SF1 was upregulated in CRC tissues and CRC cell lines. The expression of TM4SF1 was positively correlated with clinical advanced stage and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, a luciferase assay revealed that miR-9 directly targeted 3'-UTR-TM4SF1. Overexpression of miR-9 inhibited expression of TM4SF1 mRNA and protein, wound healing, transwell migration and invasion of SW480 cells, whereas, overexpression of anti-miR-9 and siRNA-TM4SF1 inversely regulated the TM4SF1 mRNA and protein level in HCT116 cells. Furthermore, miR-9 suppressed not only TM4SF1 expression but also MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF expression. In clinical specimens, miR-9 was generally down-regulated in CRC and inversely correlated with TM4SF1 expression. These results suggest that miR-9 functions as a tumor-suppressor in CRC, and that its suppressive effects mediate invasion and metastasis by inhibition of TM4SF1 expression. Our results also indicate that miR-9 might be a novel target for the treatment of CRC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ran Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Teik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Lim Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Chuan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ro Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hyun Shin
- Department of Nursing Science, Vision University College of Jeonju, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Young Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ok Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Wook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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28
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Proteomic analysis of urine exosomes reveals renal tubule response to leptospiral colonization in experimentally infected rats. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003640. [PMID: 25793258 PMCID: PMC4368819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infectious Leptospira colonize the kidneys of reservoir (e.g. rats) and accidental hosts such as humans. The renal response to persistent leptospiral colonization, as measured by urinary protein biosignatures, has not been systematically studied. Urinary exosomes--bioactive membrane-bound nanovesicles--contain cell-state specific cargo that additively reflect formation all along the nephron. We hypothesized that Leptospira-infection will alter the content of urine exosomes, and further, that these Leptospira-induced alterations will hold clues to unravel novel pathways related to bacterial-host interactions. Methodology/Principal findings Exosome protein content from 24 hour urine samples of Leptospira-infected rats was compared with that of uninfected rats using SDS-PAGE and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Statistical models were used to identify significantly dysregulated proteins in Leptospira-infected and uninfected rat urine exosomes. In all, 842 proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS proteomics of total rat urine and 204 proteins associated specifically with exosomes. Multivariate analysis showed that 25 proteins significantly discriminated between uninfected control and infected rats. Alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase, also known as CD13 topped this list with the highest score, a finding we validated by Western immunoblotting. Whole urine analysis showed Tamm-Horsfall protein level reduction in the infected rat urine. Total urine and exosome proteins were significantly different in male vs. female infected rats. Conclusions We identified exosome-associated renal tubule-specific responses to Leptospira infection in a rat chronic colonization model. Quantitative differences in infected male and female rat urine exosome proteins vs. uninfected controls suggest that urine exosome analysis identifies important differences in kidney function that may be of clinical and pathological significance. Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease commonly transmitted from animals to humans. Though this disease affects more than three quarters of a million people every year and takes a disproportionate toll on the poor in in tropical regions, few virulence factors have been identified and very little is known regarding the pathogenesis of leptospirosis. Symptoms vary from fever and fatigue to severe pulmonary hemorrhage and death. Approximately 5–10% of Leptospira infections in humans are chronic (>1 year) and asymptomatic (no overt signs of disease). Nonetheless, very little is known about the clinical significance of these infections. In this report, we show that non-invasive tools namely proteomic analysis of urinary exosomes can be used to identify differences between healthy and Leptospira-infected rat kidney and between Leptospira-infected male and female rat kidney. In future studies, these analyses will be extended to determine clinical significance and extent of renal dysfunction in the asymptomatic human.
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29
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Liu C, Yang Y, Chen L, Lin YL, Li F. A unified mechanism for aminopeptidase N-based tumor cell motility and tumor-homing therapy. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34520-9. [PMID: 25359769 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.566802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell surface aminopeptidase N (APN or CD13) has two puzzling functions unrelated to its enzymatic activity: mediating tumor cell motility and serving as a receptor for tumor-homing peptides (peptides that bring anti-cancer drugs to tumor cells). To investigate APN-based tumor-homing therapy, we determined the crystal structure of APN complexed with a tumor-homing peptide containing a representative Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motif. The tumor-homing peptide binds to the APN enzymatic active site, but it resists APN degradation due to a distorted scissile peptide bond. To explore APN-based tumor cell motility, we examined the interactions between APN and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. APN binds to, but does not degrade, NGR motifs in ECM proteins that share similar conformations with the NGR motif in the APN-bound tumor-homing peptide. Therefore, APN-based tumor cell motility and tumor-homing therapy rely on a unified mechanism in which both functions are driven by the specific and stable interactions between APN and the NGR motifs in ECM proteins and tumor-homing peptides. This study further implicates APN as an integrin-like molecule that functions broadly in cell motility and adhesion by interacting with its signature NGR motifs in the extracellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Yang Yang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Lang Chen
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Yi-Lun Lin
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Fang Li
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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30
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Expression of myeloid antigen in neoplastic plasma cells is related to adverse prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:893243. [PMID: 24991573 PMCID: PMC4065753 DOI: 10.1155/2014/893243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the association between the expression of myeloid antigens on neoplastic plasma cells and patient prognosis. The expression status of CD13, CD19, CD20, CD33, CD38, CD56, and CD117 was analyzed on myeloma cells from 55 newly diagnosed patients, including 36 men (65%), of median age 61 years (range: 38–78). Analyzed clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters were as follows: serum β2-microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, calcium, albumin, hemoglobin, serum creatinine concentrations, bone marrow histology, and cytogenetic findings. CD13+ and CD33+ were detected in 53% and 18%, respectively. Serum calcium (P = 0.049) and LDH (P = 0.018) concentrations were significantly higher and morphologic subtype of immature or plasmablastic was more frequent in CD33+ than in CD33− patients (P = 0.022). CD33 and CD13 expression demonstrate a potential prognostic impact and were associated with lower overall survival (OS; P = 0.001 and P = 0.025) in Kaplan-Meier analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that CD33 was independently prognostic of shorter progression free survival (PFS; P = 0.037) and OS (P = 0.001) with correction of clinical prognostic factors. This study showed that CD13 and CD33 expression associated with poor prognosis in patients with MM implicating the need of analysis of these markers in MM diagnosis.
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Lin CI, Lau CY, Li D, Jaminet SC. Nanopodia--thin, fragile membrane projections with roles in cell movement and intercellular interactions. J Vis Exp 2014. [PMID: 24747485 DOI: 10.3791/51320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherent cells in culture maintain a polarized state to support movement and intercellular interactions. Nanopodia are thin, elongated, largely F-actin-negative membrane projections in endothelial and cancer cells that can be visualized through TM4SF1 (Transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1) immunofluorescence staining. TM4SF1 clusters in 100-300 μm diameter TMED (TM4SF1 enriched microdomains) containing 3 to as many as 14 individual TM4SF1 molecules. TMED are arranged intermittently along nanopodia at a regular spacing of 1 to 3 TMED per μm and firmly anchor nanopodia to matrix. This enables nanopodia to extend more than 100 μm from the leading front or trailing rear of polarized endothelial or tumor cells, and causes membrane residues to be left behind on matrix when the cell moves away. TMED and nanopodia have been overlooked because of their extreme fragility and sensitivity to temperature. Routine washing and fixation disrupt the structure. Nanopodia are preserved by direct fixation in paraformaldehyde (PFA) at 37 °C, followed by brief exposure to 0.01% Triton X-100 before staining. Nanopodia open new vistas in cell biology: they promise to reshape our understanding of how cells sense their environment, detect and identify other cells at a distance, initiate intercellular interactions at close contact, and of the signaling mechanisms involved in movement, proliferation, and cell-cell communications. The methods that are developed for studying TM4SF1-derived nanopodia may be useful for studies of nanopodia that form in other cell types through the agency of classic tetraspanins, notably the ubiquitously expressed CD9, CD81, and CD151.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Iou Lin
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Chun-Yee Lau
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Shou-Ching Jaminet
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School;
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Investigation of key genes associated with prostate cancer using RNA-seq data. Int J Biol Markers 2014; 29:e86-92. [PMID: 24366848 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify key genes associated with prostate cancer using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data. RNA-seq data, including 1 cancer sample and 1 adjacent normal sample, were downloaded from the NCBI SRA database and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the software Cufflinks. Functional enrichment analysis was performed to uncover the biological functions of DEGs. Regulatory information was retrieved from the IPA database and a network was established. A total of 147 DEGs were obtained, including 96 downregulated and 51 upregulated DEGs. Gene ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis suggested that metabolism and signal transduction were the 2 major functions that were significantly influenced. Moreover, an interaction network was built. In conclusion, a number of DEGs was identified and their roles in the pathogenesis of cancer were supported by previous studies. More studies are necessary to further validate their usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Xu L, Li Q, Xu D, Wang Q, An Y, Du Q, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Miao Y. hsa-miR-141 downregulates TM4SF1 to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell invasion and migration. Int J Oncol 2014; 44:459-66. [PMID: 24285464 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1 (TM4SF1) is high in human pancreatic cancer cells, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify and characterize microRNAs that regulate TM4SF1 expression in PC cells. Western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect TM4SF1 and hsa-miR-141 levels in four PC cell lines. SW1990 and BxPc-3 cells were transfected with the inhibitor miR-141, the inhibitor negative control, the miR-141 mimic and the mimic negative control; and cell invasion, migration, proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis were detected by Transwell, MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The miR-141 levels negatively correlated with the TM4SF1 protein levels in PC cells. The TM4SF1 protein levels were lower in the 141M group but higher in the 141I group, although the TM4SF1 mRNA levels had no significant changes, compared to the negative controls. Luciferase assays demonstrated that hsa-miR-141 directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region of the TM4SF1 gene. In addition, miR-141 downregulated TM4SF1 expression to inhibit invasion and migration of PC cells but had no effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression or apoptosis. TM4SF1 is a direct target of miR-141. Our findings that TM4SF1 expression was inhibited by miR-141 provide new insights into the oncogenic mechanism of TM4SF1 and suggest that miR-141 represents a novel molecular target for PC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210018, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Gaochun People's Hospital, Nanjing 211300, P.R. China
| | - Qingguang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210018, P.R. China
| | - Yong An
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qing Du
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P.R. China
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Liu YJ, Lin YF, Chen YF, Luo EC, Sher YP, Tsai MH, Chuang EY, Lai LC. MicroRNA-449a enhances radiosensitivity in CL1-0 lung adenocarcinoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62383. [PMID: 23614048 PMCID: PMC3629161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Radiotherapy is often applied for treating lung cancer, but it often fails because of the relative non-susceptibility of lung cancer cells to radiation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to modulate the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells and have the potential to improve the efficacy of radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to identify a miRNA that can adjust radiosensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (CL1-0 and CL1-5) with different metastatic ability and radiosensitivity were used. In order to understand the regulatory mechanisms of differential radiosensitivity in these isogenic tumor cells, both CL1-0 and CL1-5 were treated with 10 Gy radiation, and were harvested respectively at 0, 1, 4, and 24 h after radiation exposure. The changes in expression of miRNA upon irradiation were examined using Illumina Human microRNA BeadChips. Twenty-six miRNAs were identified as having differential expression post-irradiation in CL1-0 or CL1-5 cells. Among these miRNAs, miR-449a, which was down-regulated in CL1-0 cells at 24 h after irradiation, was chosen for further investigation. Overexpression of miR-449a in CL1-0 cells effectively increased irradiation-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, altered the cell cycle distribution and eventually led to sensitization of CL1-0 to irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jyun Liu
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- YongLin Biomedical Engineering Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - En-Ching Luo
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ping Sher
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Hsun Tsai
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y. Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- YongLin Biomedical Engineering Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chuan Lai
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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35
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Schmitt C, Voegelin M, Marin A, Schmitt M, Schegg F, Hénon P, Guenot D, Tarnus C. Selective aminopeptidase-N (CD13) inhibitors with relevance to cancer chemotherapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:2135-44. [PMID: 23428964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase-N (APN/CD13) is highly expressed on the surface of numerous types of cancer cells and particularly on the endothelial cells of neoangiogenic vessels during tumourigenesis. This metallo-aminopeptidase has been identified as a potential target for cancer chemotherapy. In this work, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel series of benzosuberone analogues, which were previously reported to be highly potent, selective APN inhibitors with Ki values in the micromolar to sub-nanomolar range. Endothelial cell morphogenesis as well as cell motility were inhibited in vitro in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations that correlated with the potency of the compounds, thus confirming the key role of APN in these established models of angiogenesis. We report toxicity studies in mice showing that these compounds are well tolerated. We report the effects of the compounds, used alone or in combination with rapamycin, on the growth of a select panel of tumours that were subcutaneously xenografted onto Swiss nude mice. Our data indicate that the in vivo efficacy of these new APN inhibitors during the initial phase of tumour growth can be ascribed to their anti-angiogenic activities. However, we also provide evidence that these compounds are effective against established solid tumours. For colonic tumours, the anti-tumour effect depends on the level of APN expression in epithelial cells, and APN expression is associated with down-regulation of the transcription factor HIF-1α. These effects seem to be distinct from those of rapamycin. Our finding that the anti-tumour effect of the inhibitors in the colon requires APN expression strongly suggests that APN plays a crucial function in tumour cells that is distinct from its known role in neovascularisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Schmitt
- Université de Haute-Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique EA4566, 3 rue Alfred Werner, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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36
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Structural basis for multifunctional roles of mammalian aminopeptidase N. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:17966-71. [PMID: 23071329 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210123109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian aminopeptidase N (APN) plays multifunctional roles in many physiological processes, including peptide metabolism, cell motility and adhesion, and coronavirus entry. Here we determined crystal structures of porcine APN at 1.85 Å resolution and its complexes with a peptide substrate and a variety of inhibitors. APN is a cell surface-anchored and seahorse-shaped zinc-aminopeptidase that forms head-to-head dimers. Captured in a catalytically active state, these structures of APN illustrate a detailed catalytic mechanism for its aminopeptidase activity. The active site and peptide-binding channel of APN reside in cavities with wide openings, allowing easy access to peptides. The cavities can potentially open up further to bind the exposed N terminus of proteins. The active site anchors the N-terminal neutral residue of peptides/proteins, and the peptide-binding channel binds the remainder of the peptides/proteins in a sequence-independent fashion. APN also provides an exposed outer surface for coronavirus binding, without its physiological functions being affected. These structural features enable APN to function ubiquitously in peptide metabolism, interact with other proteins to mediate cell motility and adhesion, and serve as a coronavirus receptor. This study elucidates multifunctional roles of APN and can guide therapeutic efforts to treat APN-related diseases.
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37
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Wang JS, Chang YL, Yu YH, Chen CY, Kao MC, Li TK, Lin WW. Cell type-specific effects of Adenosine 5'-triphosphate and pyrophosphate on the antitumor activity of doxorubicin. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:1811-9. [PMID: 22747580 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2012.02376.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP is an important signaling molecule mediating quite divergent specific biological effects. Even though recent studies suggest a potential role of ATP in cancer progress, its real impact in chemotherapeutic efficacy remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ATP on the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in various cancer cell types and found that ATP had no effect on doxorubicin cytotoxicity in colon, prostate, breast, and cervical cancers or in osteosarcoma. In contrast, ATP has divergent effects on lung cancer cells: it can protect against doxorubicin-induced cell death in non-metastatic lung cancer CL1.0 cells, but not in highly metastatic CL1.5 cells. Both apoptotic (characterized by sub-G(1) peak, caspase 3 activation, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 cleavage) and necrotic (characterized by propidium iodide uptake and ROS production) features induced by doxorubicin in CL1.0 cells were reduced by ATP. In addition, ATP attenuated p53 accumulation, DNA damage (assessed by poly(ADP-ribose) formation and the comet assay) and topoisomerase II inhibition after doxorubicin treatment, and doxorubicin cytotoxicity was diminished by the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α. Moreover, UTP, UDP, ADP, and pyrophosphate sodium pyrophosphate tetrabasic decahydrate diminished the antitumor effect of doxorubicin in CL1.0 cells, whereas purinergic P2 receptors antagonists did not abrogate the action of ATP. In summary, ATP fails to alter the antitumor efficacy of doxorubicin in most cancer cell types, except in CL1.0 cells, in which pyrophosphate mediates the cell protection afforded by ATP via attenuation of reactive oxygen species production, DNA damage, p53 accumulation, and caspase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Shiun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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38
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Lai A, Ghaffari A, Li Y, Ghahary A. Paracrine regulation of fibroblast aminopeptidase N/CD13 expression by keratinocyte-releasable stratifin. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:3114-20. [PMID: 21302309 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
As wound healing proceeds into the tissue remodeling phase, cellular interactions become dominated by the interplay of keratinocytes with fibroblasts in the skin, which is largely mediated through paracrine signaling and greatly affects the molecular constitution of the extracellular matrix. We have recently identified aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 as a potential fibroblast receptor for 14-3-3 sigma (also known as stratifin), a keratinocyte-releasable protein with potent matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) stimulatory activity. The present study demonstrates that the expression of APN on dermal fibroblasts is regulated through paracrine signaling by keratinocyte-derived soluble factors. By using an in vitro keratinocyte-fibroblast co-culture system, we showed that APN expression in dermal fibroblasts is induced in the presence of keratinocytes or in response to keratinocyte-conditioned medium. Conditioned medium collected from differentiated keratinocytes further increases APN protein production, suggesting an amplified stimulatory effect by keratinocyte differentiation. Recombinant stratifin potently induces APN synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. A consistent correlation between the protein expression levels of APN and MMP1 was also observed. These results confirm paracrine regulation of APN expression in dermal fibroblasts by keratinocyte-derived stimuli, in particular stratifin, and provide evidence that APN may serve as a target in the regulation of MMP1 expression in epidermal-mesenchymal communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lai
- BC Professional Fire Fighters' Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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39
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Pan SH, Chao YC, Hung PF, Chen HY, Yang SC, Chang YL, Wu CT, Chang CC, Wang WL, Chan WK, Wu YY, Che TF, Wang LK, Lin CY, Lee YC, Kuo ML, Lee CH, Chen JJW, Hong TM, Yang PC. The ability of LCRMP-1 to promote cancer invasion by enhancing filopodia formation is antagonized by CRMP-1. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3189-205. [PMID: 21747164 DOI: 10.1172/jci42975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a predominant cause of death in patients with cancer. It is a complex multistep process that needs to be better understood if we are to develop new approaches to managing tumor metastasis. Tumor cell invasion of the local stroma is suppressed by collapsin response mediator protein-1 (CRMP-1). Recently, we identified a long isoform of CRMP-1 (LCRMP-1), expression of which correlates with cancer cell invasiveness and poor clinical outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report that LCRMP-1 overexpression in noninvasive human cell lines enhanced filopodia formation, cancer cell migration, and invasion via stabilization of actin. This effect required a highly conserved N-terminal region of LCRMP-1 as well as the WASP family verprolin-homologous protein-1/actin nucleation pathway (WAVE-1/actin nucleation pathway). Furthermore, LCRMP-1 appeared to act downstream of Cdc42, a Rho family protein known to be involved in actin rearrangement. In addition, LCRMP-1 associated with CRMP-1, which downregulated cancer cell metastasis by interrupting the association of LCRMP-1 and WAVE-1. Finally, we found that high-level expression of LCRMP-1 and low-level expression of CRMP-1 were associated with lymph node metastasis and poor survival in patients with NSCLC. In sum, we show that LCRMP-1 and CRMP-1 have opposing functions in regulating cancer cell invasion and metastasis and propose that this pathway may serve as a potential anticancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Hua Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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40
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Zukauskas A, Merley A, Li D, Ang LH, Sciuto TE, Salman S, Dvorak AM, Dvorak HF, Jaminet SCS. TM4SF1: a tetraspanin-like protein necessary for nanopodia formation and endothelial cell migration. Angiogenesis 2011; 14:345-54. [PMID: 21626280 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-011-9218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1 (TM4SF1) is a tetraspanin-like membrane protein that is highly and selectively expressed by cultured endothelial cells (EC) and, in vivo, by EC lining angiogenic tumor blood vessels. TM4SF1 is necessary for the formation of unusually long (up to a 50 μm), thin (~100-300 nm wide), F-actin-poor EC cell projections that we term 'nanopodia'. Immunostaining of nanopodia at both the light and electron microsopic levels localized TM4SF1 in a regularly spaced, banded pattern, forming TM4FS1-enriched domains. Live cell imaging of GFP-transduced HUVEC demonstrated that EC project nanopodia as they migrate and interact with neighboring cells. When TM4SF1 mRNA levels in EC were increased from the normal ~90 mRNA copies/cell to ~400 copies/cell through adenoviral transduction, EC projected more and longer nanopodia from the entire cell circumference but were unable to polarize or migrate effectively. When fibroblasts, which normally express TM4SF1 at ~5 copies/cell, were transduced to express TM4SF1 at EC-like levels, they formed typical TM4SF1-banded nanopodia, and broadened, EC-like lamellipodia. Mass-spectrometry demonstrated that TM4SF1 interacted with myosin-10 and β-actin, proteins involved in filopodia formation and cell migration. In summary, TM4SF1, like genuine tetraspanins, serves as a molecular organizer that interacts with membrane and cytoskeleton-associated proteins and uniquely initiates the formation of nanopodia and facilitates cell polarization and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Zukauskas
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Chiu KH, Chang YH, Wu YS, Lee SH, Liao PC. Quantitative secretome analysis reveals that COL6A1 is a metastasis-associated protein using stacking gel-aided purification combined with iTRAQ labeling. J Proteome Res 2011; 10:1110-25. [PMID: 21186846 DOI: 10.1021/pr1008724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In cancer metastasis, secreted proteins play an important role in promoting cancer cell migration and invasion and thus also in the increase of cancer metastasis in the extracellular microenvironment. In this study, we developed a strategy that combined a simple gel-aided protein purification with iTRAQ labeling to quantify and discover the metastasis-associated proteins in the lung cancer cell secretome. Secreted proteins associated with lung cancer metastasis were produced using CL1-0 and CL1-5 cells with different metastatic abilities. Quantitative secretomics analysis identified a total of 353 proteins, 7 of which were considered to be metastasis-associated proteins. These included TIMP1, COL6A1, uPA, and AAT, all of which were higher in CL1-5, and AL1A1, PRDX1, and NID1, which were higher in CL1-0. Six of these metastasis-associated proteins were validated with Western blot analysis. In addition, pathway analysis was performed in building the interaction network between the identified metastasis-associated proteins. Further functional analysis of COL6A1 on the metastatic abilities of CL1 cells was also carried out. An RNA interference-based knock-down of COL6A1 suppressed the metastatic ability of CL1-5 cells; in contrast, a plasmid-transfected overexpression of COL6A1 increased the metastatic ability of CL1-0 cells. This study describes a simple and high throughput sample purification method that can be used for the quantitative secretomics analysis of metastasis-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hsun Chiu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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42
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Ghaffari A, Li Y, Kilani RT, Ghahary A. 14-3-3 sigma associates with cell surface aminopeptidase N in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1. J Cell Sci 2010; 123:2996-3005. [PMID: 20699358 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.069484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the degradation of the extracellular matrix during development and tissue repair, as well as in pathological conditions such as tumor invasion and fibrosis. MMP expression by stromal cells is partly regulated by signals from the neighboring epithelial cells. Keratinocyte-releasable 14-3-3sigma, or stratifin, acts as a potent MMP-1-stimulatory factor in fibroblasts. However, its mechanism of transmembrane signaling remains unknown. Ectodomain biotin labeling, serial affinity purification and mass spectroscopy analysis revealed that the stratifin associates with aminopeptidase N (APN), or CD13, at the cell surface. The transient knockdown of APN in fibroblasts eliminated the stratifin-mediated p38 MAP kinase activation and MMP-1 expression, implicating APN in a receptor-mediated transmembrane signaling event. Stratifin deletion studies implicated its C-terminus as a potential APN-binding site. Furthermore, the dephosphorylation of APN ectodomains reduced its binding affinity to the stratifin. The presence of a phosphorylated serine or threonine residue in APN has been implicated. Together, these findings provide evidence that APN is a novel cell surface receptor for stratifin and a potential target in the regulation of MMP-1 expression in epithelial-stromal cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdi Ghaffari
- Department of Surgery, BC Professional Firefighter's Burn and Wound Healing Research Laboratory, University of British Columbia, 344A JBRC, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, Canada, BC V6H 3Z6
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43
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Lai A, Ghaffari A, Ghahary A. Inhibitory effect of anti-aminopeptidase N/CD13 antibodies on fibroblast migration. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 343:191-9. [PMID: 20589526 PMCID: PMC7088764 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 is a widely expressed transmembrane ectoenzyme and has been implicated in a myriad of physiological processes that are specific to cell type and tissue origin, including cancer cell metastasis, angiogenesis, cholesterol uptake, apoptosis, and cell migration. Skin cells, in particular fibroblasts have a relatively high level of APN/CD13 expression. The migratory capacity of skin cells is critical for the outcome of wound repair, as successful wound healing requires timely re-epithelialization which involves reformation of epithelium over wound surface by migrating keratinocytes. While failure of keratinocytes to undergo proper migration leads to chronic non-healing wounds, the presence of excess fibroblasts may contribute to formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of APN/CD13 in skin cell migration and explore its potential as a therapeutic target in wound healing. Our results show an elevated expression of APN/CD13 in fibroblasts on the edge of the wound compared to unwounded cells. The presence of anti-APN/CD13 antibodies WM15, 3D8, and H300 reduces the migratory activity of human dermal fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner by 42, 21, and 28%, respectively. However, the antibodies have no effect on keratinocyte migration. Further, none of the anti-APN/CD13 antibodies used in this study has any antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect on primary human keratinocytes or fibroblasts when used at 10 μg/ml in vitro. The differential inhibition on the migratory capacity of fibroblasts and keratinocytes presents an opportunity for anti-APN/CD13 antibodies to be used as a therapeutic agent for high fibroblast cellularity seen in fibroproliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lai
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Jack Bell Research Center, University of British Columbia, 350-2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - Abdi Ghaffari
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Jack Bell Research Center, University of British Columbia, 350-2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
| | - Aziz Ghahary
- BC Professional Fire Fighters’ Burn and Wound Healing Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Jack Bell Research Center, University of British Columbia, 350-2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6 Canada
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Xie HL, Li ZY, Gan RL, Li XJ, Zhang QL, Hui M, Zhou XT. Differential gene and protein expression in primary gastric carcinomas and their lymph node metastases as revealed by combined cDNA microarray and tissue microarray analysis. J Dig Dis 2010; 11:167-75. [PMID: 20579220 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2010.00432.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To gain insight into the molecular events of lymph node metastasis of human gastric carcinoma. METHODS The gene expression profile of five matched primary gastric carcinomas and their lymph node metastases was analyzed by complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray. Differential genes were identified in the metastatic and corresponding primary tumor pairs. Among the differentially expressed genes, carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 (IGFBP 4) genes were detected by RT-PCR. CTTN protein expression was examined by tissue microarray. RESULTS There was a high expression (over twofold) of 44 genes and a low expression (under twofold) of 32 genes in lymph node metastasis compared with primary gastric carcinoma, respectively. CAII mRNA was downregulated and IGFBP 4 mRNA was upregulated in paired lymph node metastases of gastric carcinomas. The overexpression of CTTN protein was related to the lymph node metastasis and the clinical stage of gastric carcinomas. CONCLUSION This study showed that there is a low expression of genes relative to growth signal and immune response in lymph node metastases, and a high expression of genes relative to growth factor, cell cycle, cell motility and adhesion in lymph node metastases compared with primary gastric carcinomas. The expression of CTTN was related to the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Long Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Medical College of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
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Shih SC, Zukauskas A, Li D, Liu G, Ang LH, Nagy JA, Brown LF, Dvorak HF. The L6 protein TM4SF1 is critical for endothelial cell function and tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Res 2009; 69:3272-7. [PMID: 19351819 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1 (TM4SF1) was originally described as a cancer cell protein. Here, we show that it is highly expressed in the vascular endothelium of human cancers and in a banded pattern in the filopodia of cultured endothelial cells (EC). TM4SF1 knockdown prevented filopodia formation, inhibited cell mobility, blocked cytokinesis, and rendered EC senescent. Integrin-alpha5 and integrin-beta1 subunits gave a similar staining pattern and interacted constitutively with TM4SF1, whereas integrin subunits often associated with angiogenesis (alphaV, beta3, beta5) interacted with TM4SF1 only after vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A or thrombin stimulation. TM4SF1 knockdown substantially inhibited maturation of VEGF-A(164)-induced angiogenesis. Thus, TM4SF1 is a key regulator of EC function in vitro and of pathologic angiogenesis in vivo and is potentially an attractive target for antiangiogenesis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Ching Shih
- Center for Vascular Biological Research and Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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Mina-Osorio P. The moonlighting enzyme CD13: old and new functions to target. Trends Mol Med 2008; 14:361-71. [PMID: 18603472 PMCID: PMC7106361 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2008.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2008] [Revised: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (CD13) is a widely expressed ectoenzyme with functions that do not always depend on its enzymatic activity: an aspect that has been overlooked. Numerous CD13-targeting tools have been developed in the last few years. Several of them are already undergoing clinical trials, and there are promising reports on the effectiveness of others in animal models of disease. However, their efficacy might be obscured by their effects on unrecognized functions of CD13, resulting in unexpected complications. The purpose of this review is (i) to discuss the various functions ascribed to CD13 and the possible mechanisms behind them and (ii) to consider some of the questions that need to be answered to achieve a better understanding of the biological relevance of these functions, a more precise interpretation of the results obtained after their manipulation and a more rational design of CD13-targeting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Mina-Osorio
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Autoimmune Disease Center, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
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Muschel RJ, Gal A. Tetraspanin in oncogenic epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Clin Invest 2008; 118:1347-50. [PMID: 18357345 DOI: 10.1172/jci35308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the L6 family of membrane proteins, a branch of the tetraspanin superfamily, are overexpressed in tumor cells from many types of cancers. However, direct evidence of their oncogenic activity has not been previously shown. In this issue of the JCI, Lee et al. demonstrate that overexpression of the tetraspanin superfamily member TM4SF5 in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells causes cellular phenotypic changes that resemble classical descriptions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), with some unique aspects (see the related article beginning on page 1354). They also show that these TM4SF5-mediated effects trigger tumor formation when these cells are injected into mice. The study implicates TM4SF5, for the first time to our knowledge, in EMT oncogenic pathways of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth J Muschel
- Radiation Oncology and Biology, The Radiobiology Research Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Tsukamoto H, Shibata K, Kajiyama H, Terauchi M, Nawa A, Kikkawa F. Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 inhibitor, Ubenimex, enhances radiation sensitivity in human cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:74. [PMID: 18366676 PMCID: PMC2289833 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy can be used to treat all stages of cervical cancer. For improving local control via radiotherapy, it is important to use additional antitumor agents. Aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13, a 150-kDa metalloproteinase, is a multifunctional cell surface aminopeptidase with ubiquitous expression. Recent studies have suggested that APN/CD13 plays an important role in tumor progression in several human malignancies. Methods We investigated whether the suppression of APN/CD13 using Ubenimex, an inhibitor of APN/CD13 activity, may affect tumor radiosensitivity in cervical cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Cell surface APN/CD13 activity in HeLa cells was calculated using alanine-p-nitroanilido as a substrate. For colony formation assays, single-dose radiation and/or Ubenimex were administered to each dish of HeLa cells, and these dishes were cultured for 14 days. Molecular changes of apoptosis were determined by Western blot. Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin-V PI staining (flow cytometry analysis) and the Tunel method. Moreover, we investigated the effect of combining Ubenimex and low-dose radiation on tumor growth using nude mice. Results We demonstrated that Ubenimex enhanced the effectiveness of radiotherapy, acting as a radiosensitizer both in vitro and in vivo. In colony formation assays, a significant decline in clonogenic survival was observed in Ubenimex-treated cells. Mice treated with a combination of radiation and Ubenimex showed a significant prolongation of the tumor-doubling time compared with the control, Ubenimex, or radiation-alone groups. We also showed that ubenimex enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Although further studies are needed, this report suggests that Ubeniemx acts as a radiosensitizer in cervical cancer treatment, and that the inhibition of APN/CD13 activity may represent a new approach for improving the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohisa Tsukamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. .
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Lekishvili T, Fromm E, Mujoomdar M, Berditchevski F. The tumour-associated antigen L6 (L6-Ag) is recruited to the tetraspanin-enriched microdomains: implication for tumour cell motility. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:685-94. [PMID: 18270265 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour-associated antigen L6 (L6-Ag, also known as TM4SF1) regulates tumour cell motility and invasiveness. We found that L6-Ag is abundant on the plasma membrane and on intracellular vesicles, on which it is co-localised with the markers for late endosomal/lysosomal compartments, including Lamp1/Lamp2 proteins and LBPA. Antibody internalisation and live-imaging experiments suggested that L6-Ag is targeted to late endocytic organelles (LEO) predominantly via a biosynthetic pathway. Mapping experiments showed that the presence of transmembrane regions is sufficient for directing L6-Ag to LEO. On the plasma membrane, L6-Ag is associated with tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TERM). All three predicted cytoplasmic regions of L6-Ag are crucial for the effective recruitment of the protein to TERM. Recruitment to TERM correlated with the pro-migratory activity of L6-Ag. Depletion of L6-Ag with siRNA has a selective effect on the surface expression of tetraspanins CD63 and CD82. By contrast, the expression levels of other tetraspanins and beta1 integrins was not affected. We found that L6-Ag is ubiquitylated and that ubiquitylation is essential for its function in cell migration. These data suggest that L6-Ag influences cell motility via TERM by regulating the surface presentation and endocytosis of some of their components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Lekishvili
- Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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Razvi MH, Peng D, Dar AA, Powell SM, Frierson HF, Moskaluk CA, Washington K, El‐Rifai W. Transcriptional oncogenomic hot spots in Barrett's adenocarcinomas: serial analysis of gene expression. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2007; 46:914-28. [PMID: 17636545 PMCID: PMC7165894 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) provides quantitative and comprehensive expression profiling in a given cell population. In our efforts to define gene expression alterations in Barrett's-related adenocarcinomas (BA), we produced eight SAGE libraries and obtained a total of 457,894 expressed tags with 32,035 (6.9%) accounting for singleton tags. The tumor samples produced an average of 71,804 tags per library, whereas normal samples produced an average of 42,669 tags per library. Our libraries contained 67,200 unique tags representing 16,040 known gene symbols. Five hundred and sixty-eight unique tags were differentially expressed between BAs and normal tissue samples (at least twofold; P<or=0.05), 395 of these matched to known genes. Interestingly, the distribution of altered genes was not uniform across the human genome. Overexpressed genes tended to cluster in well-defined hot spots located in certain chromosomes. For example, chromosome 19 had 26 overexpressed genes, of which 18 mapped to 19q13. Using the gene ontology approach for functional classification of genes, we identified several groups that are relevant to carcinogenesis. We validated the SAGE results of five representative genes (ANPEP, ECGF1, PP1201, EIF5A1, and GKN1) using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR on 31 BA samples and 26 normal samples. In addition, we performed an immunohistochemistry analysis for ANPEP, which demonstrated overexpression of ANPEP in 6/7 (86%) Barrett's dysplasias and 35/65 (54%) BAs. ANPEP is a secreted protein that may have diagnostic and/or prognostic significance for Barrett's progression. The use of genomic approaches in this study provided useful information about the molecular pathobiology of BAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Razvi
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Dunfa Peng
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Altaf A. Dar
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Steven M. Powell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Henry F. Frierson
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | - Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Wael El‐Rifai
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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