1
|
Tichanek F, Försti A, Hemminki O, Hemminki A, Hemminki K. Steady survival improvements in soft tissue and bone sarcoma in the Nordic countries through 50 years. Cancer Epidemiol 2023:102449. [PMID: 37679266 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcomas are rare cancers with many subtypes in soft tissues, bone and cartilage. International survival trends in these cancers are not well known. We present 50-year survival trends for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and bone sarcoma (BS) in Denmark (DK), Finland (FI), Norway (NO) and Sweden (SE). METHODS Relative 1-, 5/1 conditional- and 5-year survival data were obtained from the NORDCAN database for years 1971-20. We additionally estimated annual changes in survival rates and determined significant break points. RESULTS In the last period, 2016-20, 5-year survival in STS was best for NO men (74.6%) and FI women (71.1%). For the rarer BS, survival rates for SE men (72.0%) and DK women (71.1%) were best. Survival in BS was lower than that in STS in 1971-75 and the difference remained in 2016-20 for men, but for women the rates were almost equal. Sex- and country-specific differences in survival in STS were small. The 50-year improvement in 5-year survival in STS was highest in NO men, 34.0 % units and FI women, 30.0 % units. The highest improvements in BS were in SE men 26.2 % units and in FI women 29.2 % units. CONCLUSIONS The steady development in survival over the half century suggests contribution by stepwise improvements in diagnostics, treatment and care. The 10-15% mortality in the first year probably indicates diagnostic delays which could be improved by organizing patient pathways for aggressive rare diseases. Early diagnosis would also reduce metastatic disease and breakthroughs in treatment are a current challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filip Tichanek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Pilsen, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic; Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Asta Försti
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Otto Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Urology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Pilsen, 30605 Pilsen, Czech Republic; Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ji J, Sundquist J, Sundquist K. Association of tamoxifen with meningioma: a population-based study in Sweden. Eur J Cancer Prev 2016; 25:29-33. [PMID: 25642792 PMCID: PMC4885544 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that hormone therapy may play an important role in the development of meningioma. However, it is unclear whether medication with tamoxifen can prevent meningioma. Our study cohort included all women who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 1961 and 2010, and a total of 227 535 women were identified with breast cancer with a median age at diagnosis of 63 years. Women diagnosed with breast cancer after 1987 were defined as tamoxifen exposed; those diagnosed with breast cancer before or during 1987 were defined as not exposed to tamoxifen. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to calculate the risk of subsequent meningioma. Of these women, 223 developed meningioma. For women without tamoxifen exposure, the risk of meningioma was significantly increased, with an SIR of 1.54 (95% confidence interval 1.30-1.81); the risk was not increased in those with tamoxifen exposure (SIR=1.06, 95% confidence interval 0.84-1.32). The increased risk of meningioma in women without tamoxifen exposure persisted during 10 years of follow-up. In this historical cohort study, we found that women diagnosed with breast cancer but not treated with tamoxifen had an increased incidence of meningioma, whereas the incidence was close to that of the general population in patients treated with tamoxifen. This suggests that tamoxifen may prevent the development of meningioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Caffrey R, Robinson AJ, Shukla S, McCarty H, Brown A, Houghton OP. Metachronous myxofibrosarcoma and osteosarcoma: case report and review of the literature. Int J Surg Pathol 2014; 23:149-55. [PMID: 24891554 DOI: 10.1177/1066896914537682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of multiple primary sarcomas in one individual is very uncommon and the development of osteosarcoma as a second tumor following a soft tissue sarcoma is extremely rare. We report a case of a 62-year-old man who developed 2 histologically distinct sarcomas: a soft tissue myxofibrosarcoma and vertebral osteosarcoma. This unusual case highlights the critical role of careful histopathological evaluation in distinguishing synchronous or metachronous neoplasia from metastatic tumor. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of metachronous soft tissue myxofibrosarcoma and osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
4
|
Shu X, Liu H, Ji J, Sundquist K, Försti A, Sundquist J, Hemminki K. Subsequent cancers in patients diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary (CUP): etiological insights? Ann Oncol 2012; 23:269-275. [PMID: 21450937 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patterns of subsequent malignancies in patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) may provide etiological insight into the primary tumor. The objective of the present study is to quantify risks of the subsequent cancers in CUP patients since such studies are lacking. PATIENTS AND METHODS A population-based cohort of CUP was identified from the Swedish Family-Cancer Database of year 2008. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for developing the following malignancies in 31,357 CUP patients from 1975 to 2008. RESULTS A total of 755 CUP patients developed subsequent cancers, showing a significantly increased overall SIR of 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.57-1.81). Among the most common 32 malignancies, increased SIRs were noted for 16 sites. Over 10-fold increases were observed for squamous cell carcinoma at four sites, possibly as a result of uncontrolled human papillomavirus infection due to faltering immune surveillance. The highest SIRs were observed among CUP patients diagnosed at a younger age and during the first follow-up year. CONCLUSIONS Swedish CUP survivors had a higher risk of developing many subsequent cancers. Different patterns of risk excess may be suggestive of possible roles for disease- and therapy-related immunosuppression, reappearance of hidden primary tumors, or genetic predisposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Shu
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - H Liu
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Ji
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - K Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - A Försti
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - K Hemminki
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Woodward E, Jessop M, Glaser A, Stark D. Late effects in survivors of teenage and young adult cancer: does age matter? Ann Oncol 2011; 22:2561-2568. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
6
|
Jeong TJ, Lee EJ, Haw S, Shin MK, Haw CR. Coexistence of amelanotic melanoma and liposarcoma. Ann Dermatol 2010; 21:409-12. [PMID: 20523835 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2009.21.4.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
An amelanotic malignant melanoma is characterized by little or no pigment. It is frequently misdiagnosed because it is a rare entity in general, and because of its unusual clinical features. Liposarcoma is one of the most common adult soft tissue sarcomas. We encountered a case of amelanotic melanoma with a concurrent liposarcoma. A 68-year-old man presented with a single, 1.5x1.5 cm round erythematous, eroded nodule on the left heel. A biopsy specimen showed atypical, pleomorphic tumor cells with little melanin pigment. The tumor cells were positive for S-100, HMB-45 and negative for cytokeratins. These findings were consistent with amelanotic melanoma. On positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), a hypermetabolic lesion was found in the left buttock. This lesion was excised and diagnosed as a well-differentiated liposarcoma. An association between sarcomas and other primary malignancies has been reported. However, an association between melanoma and liposarcoma is rare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taek Jo Jeong
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Synchronous presentation of uterine leiomyosarcoma and retroperitoneal liposarcoma: analysis by comparative genomic hybridization and review of the literature. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2010; 28:535-40. [PMID: 19851200 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0b013e3181aaba27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple primary malignant neoplasms are not uncommon, whereas 2 different types of primary sarcomas simultaneously presenting in 1 individual is quite unusual. We encountered a patient presenting with a uterine sarcoma and another retroperitoneal mass at the same time. These 2 tumors showed distinct pathologic and immunohistochemical features. The diagnosis of a synchronous presentation of a uterine leiomyosarcoma and a retroperitoneal sclerosing well-differentiated liposarcoma was rendered. Further study by comparative genomic hybridization showed unrelated genomic alterations of these 2 tumors. Nevertheless, other common genetic alterations such as balanced translocations, point mutations, or epigenetic modifications could still exist because of the limitation of findings by comparative genomic hybridization. In conclusion, both metastasis and multiple primary tumors should always be taken into consideration in differential diagnosis while encountering synchronous sarcomas.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To update knowledge related to the long-term endocrine sequelae of childhood cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Endocrine deficiencies are common after cranial irradiation, chemotherapy and specific tumors. These deficiencies include growth hormone, thyrotropin, adrenocorticotropin and gonadotropin deficiencies, primary hypothyroidism, gonadal failure and obesity. Recent studies highlight the impact of radiation on the development of endocrine sequelae. Risks for obesity after childhood tumors include hypothalamic injury, with inactivity and daytime sleepiness. About 6% of adult female survivors of childhood cancer develop persistent ovarian failure. Risks for ovarian damage include ovarian irradiation and alkylating agents. Appropriate fertility-preservation options should be offered. Offspring of women who had uterine irradiation as children are more likely to be born preterm or have low birth weight. Secondary neoplasia or relapse should be considered when treating endocrine deficiencies in cancer survivors. Risk of secondary neoplasia is increased following radiation exposure and certain malignancies. Treatment with growth hormone does not increase cancer recurrence, but survivors may have a 2-fold risk of developing a secondary solid tumor, most commonly a meningioma. SUMMARY Standardized, multidisciplinary long-term surveillance is important in childhood cancer survivors to identify and treat endocrine and other late effects of cancer and its therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meilan M Rutter
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|