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Aoudeh E, Oz E, Oz F. Understanding the heterocyclic aromatic amines: An overview and recent findings. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 110:1-66. [PMID: 38906585 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) constitute a group of highly toxic organic compounds strongly associated with the onset of various types of cancer. This paper aims to serve as a valuable resource for food scientists working towards a better understanding of these compounds including formation, minimizing strategies, analysis, and toxicity as well as addressing existing gaps in the literature. Despite extensive research conducted on these compounds since their discovery, several aspects remain inadequately understood, necessitating further investigation. These include their formation pathways, toxic mechanisms, effective mitigation strategies, and specific health effects on humans. Nonetheless, recent research has yielded promising results, contributing significantly to our understanding of HAAs by proposing new potential formation pathways and innovative strategies for their reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyad Aoudeh
- Department of Food Engineering, Agriculture Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Emel Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Agriculture Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Oz
- Department of Food Engineering, Agriculture Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
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2
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Preventive potential and mechanism of dietary polyphenols on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines. FOOD FRONTIERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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3
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Biological significance of aminophenyl-β-carboline derivatives formed from co-mutagenic action of β-carbolines and aniline and o-toluidine and its effect on tumorigenesis in humans: A review. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 850-851:503148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chen X, Jia W, Zhu L, Mao L, Zhang Y. Recent advances in heterocyclic aromatic amines: An update on food safety and hazardous control from food processing to dietary intake. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 19:124-148. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceZhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Wei Jia
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceZhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Li Zhu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceZhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Lei Mao
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro‐Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceZhejiang University Hangzhou China
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Toyoda T, Totsuka Y, Matsushita K, Morikawa T, Miyoshi N, Wakabayashi K, Ogawa K. γ-H2AX formation in the urinary bladder of rats treated with two norharman derivatives obtained from o
-toluidine and aniline. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:537-543. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Toyoda
- Division of Pathology; National Institute of Health Sciences; 3-25-26 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-9501 Japan
| | - Y. Totsuka
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention; National Cancer Center Research Institute; 5-1-1 Tsukiji Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0045 Japan
| | - K. Matsushita
- Division of Pathology; National Institute of Health Sciences; 3-25-26 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-9501 Japan
| | - T. Morikawa
- Division of Pathology; National Institute of Health Sciences; 3-25-26 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-9501 Japan
| | - N. Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Graduate Program of Food Nutritional Sciences; University of Shizuoka; 52-1 Yada Suruga-ku Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - K. Wakabayashi
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences; University of Shizuoka; 52-1 Yada Suruga-ku Shizuoka 422-8526 Japan
| | - K. Ogawa
- Division of Pathology; National Institute of Health Sciences; 3-25-26 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku Kawasaki 210-9501 Japan
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Muz M, Krauss M, Kutsarova S, Schulze T, Brack W. Mutagenicity in Surface Waters: Synergistic Effects of Carboline Alkaloids and Aromatic Amines. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1830-1839. [PMID: 28045503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b05468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
For decades, mutagenicity has been observed in many surface waters with a possible link to the presence of aromatic amines. River Rhine is a well-known example of this phenomenon but responsible compound(s) are still unknown. To identify the mutagenic compounds, we applied effect-directed analysis (EDA) utilizing novel analytical and biological approaches to a water sample extract from the lower Rhine. We could identify 21 environmental contaminants including two weakly mutagenic aromatic amines, and the known alkaloid comutagen norharman along with two related β-carboline alkaloids, carboline, and 5-carboline, which were reported the first time in surface waters. Results of mixture tests showed a strong synergism of the identified aromatic amines not only with norharman, but also with carboline and 5-carboline. Additionally, other nitrogen-containing compounds also contributed to the mutagenicity when aromatic amines were present. Thus, comutagenicity of β-carboline alkaloids with aromatic amines is shown to occur in surface waters. These results strongly suggest that surface water mutagenicity is highly complex and driven by synergistic mechanisms of a complex compound mixture (of which many are yet unidentified) rather than by single compounds. Therefore, mixture effects should be considered not only from mutagens alone, but also including possible comutagens and nonmutagenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis Muz
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University , Department of Ecosystem Analyses, Institute for Environmental Research,Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stela Kutsarova
- Laboratory of Mathematical Chemistry, University "Prof. Assen Zlatarov" , 1 Yakimov Street, 8010 Bourgas, Bulgaria
| | - Tobias Schulze
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ , Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- RWTH Aachen University , Department of Ecosystem Analyses, Institute for Environmental Research,Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Kochi T, Shimizu M, Totsuka Y, Shirakami Y, Nakanishi T, Watanabe T, Tanaka T, Nakagama H, Wakabayashi K, Moriwaki H. A novel aromatic mutagen, 5-amino-6-hydroxy-8 H-benzo[6,7]azepino[5,4,3- de]quinolin-7-one (ABAQ), induces colonic preneoplastic lesions in mice. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:69-73. [PMID: 28962227 PMCID: PMC5598209 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The benzoazepinoqunolinone derivative, 5-amino-6-hydroxy-8H-benzo[6,7]azepino[5,4,3-de]quinolin-7-one (ABAQ), which is produced in a mixture of glucose and tryptophan incubated at 37 °C under physiological conditions in the presence or absence of hydroxyl radicals caused by the Fenton reaction, is a novel aromatic mutagen. In the current study, we determined the tumor-initiating potency of ABAQ using an inflammation-relate, two-stage mouse colon carcinogenesis model. Male Crj: CD-1 (ICR) mice were treated with the single intragastric administration (100 or 200 mg/kg body weight) of ABAQ followed by subsequent 1-week oral exposure to 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water. The ABAQ treatment alone resulted in high-grade dysplasia, which is a precursor to colorectal cancer, in the colon. Following the administration of DSS after ABAQ treatment, the incidence and frequency of high-grade dysplastic lesions increased; the values were highest in the mice treated with 200 mg/kg body weight of ABAQ followed by DSS. The lesions expressing β-catenin in their nuclei and cytoplasm exhibited high proliferation activity without the expression of programmed cell death 4. These findings indicate that ABAQ has a tumor-initiating activity in the mouse colon, with or without inflammation, although the potential pro-inflammatory effect of high doses of ABAC should be investigated.
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Key Words
- ABAQ, 5-amino-6-hydroxy-8H-benzo[6,7]azepino[5,4,3-de]quinolin-7-one
- AOM, azoxymethane
- Benzoazepinoqunolinone
- Colon
- DSS, dextran sodium sulfate
- Dextran sodium sulfate
- Fenton reaction
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HCA, heterocyclic amine
- Heterocyclic amines
- High-grade dysplasia
- Initiation
- Maillard reaction
- MeIQx, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-flquinoxaline
- Mice
- PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- PDCD4
- PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine
- i.g, intragastric
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kochi
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yukari Totsuka
- Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yohei Shirakami
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakanishi
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 1 Shichono-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakagama
- Division of Cancer Development System, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Tsukiji 5-chome, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hisataka Moriwaki
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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Tanaka T. Preclinical cancer chemoprevention studies using animal model of inflammation-associated colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2012; 4:673-700. [PMID: 24213461 PMCID: PMC3712717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers4030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in all stages of carcinogenesis. Inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease is a longstanding inflammatory disease of intestine with increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). Several molecular events involved in chronic inflammatory process are reported to contribute to multi-step carcinogenesis of CRC in the inflamed colon. They include over-production of free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, up-regulation of inflammatory enzymes in arachidonic acid biosynthesis pathway, up-regulation of certain cytokines, and intestinal immune system dysfunction. In this article, firstly I briefly introduce our experimental animal models where colorectal neoplasms rapidly develop in the inflamed colorectum. Secondary, data on preclinical cancer chemoprevention studies of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis by morin, bezafibrate, and valproic acid, using this novel inflammation-related colorectal carcinogenesis model is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Tanaka
- Cytopatholgy Division, Tohkai Cytopathology Institute, Cancer Research and Prevention (TCI-CaRP), 5-1-2 Minami-uzura, Gifu 500-8285, Japan.
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Development of an inflammation-associated colorectal cancer model and its application for research on carcinogenesis and chemoprevention. Int J Inflam 2012; 2012:658786. [PMID: 22518340 PMCID: PMC3299397 DOI: 10.1155/2012/658786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a well-recognized risk factor for development of human cancer in several tissues, including large bowel. Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a longstanding inflammatory disease of intestine with increased risk for colorectal cancer development. Several molecular events involved in chronic inflammatory process may contribute to multistep carcinogenesis of human colorectal cancer in the inflamed colon. They include overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, overproduction and upregulation of productions and enzymes of arachidonic acid biosynthesis pathway and cytokines, and intestinal immune system dysfunction. In this paper, I will describe several methods to induce colorectal neoplasm in the inflamed colon. First, I will introduce a protocol of a novel inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis in mice. In addition, powerful tumor-promotion/progression activity of dextran sodium sulfate in the large bowel of ApcMin/+ mice will be described. Finally, chemoprevention of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis will be mentioned.
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Abstract
This review gives a comprehensive overview of cancer development and links it to the current understanding of tumorigenesis and malignant progression in colorectal cancer. The focus is on human and murine colorectal carcinogenesis and the histogenesis of this malignant disorder. A summary of a model of colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis (an AOM/DSS model) will also be presented. The earliest phases of colorectal oncogenesis occur in the normal mucosa, with a disorder of cell replication. The large majority of colorectal malignancies develop from an adenomatous polyp (adenoma). These can be defined as well-demarcated masses of epithelial dysplasia, with uncontrolled crypt cell proliferation. When neoplastic cells pass through the muscularis mucosa and infiltrate the submucosa, they are malignant. Carcinomas usually originate from pre-existing adenomas, but this does not imply that all polyps undergo malignant changes and does not exclude de novo oncogenesis. Besides adenomas, there are other types of pre-neoplasia, which include hyperplastic polyps, serrated adenomas, flat adenomas and dysplasia that occurs in the inflamed colon in associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Colorectal neoplasms cover a wide range of pre-malignant and malignant lesions, many of which can easily be removed during endoscopy if they are small. Colorectal neoplasms and/or pre-neoplasms can be prevented by interfering with the various steps of oncogenesis, which begins with uncontrolled epithelial cell replication, continues with the formation of adenomas and eventually evolves into malignancy. The knowledge described herein will help to reduce and prevent this malignancy, which is one of the most frequent neoplasms in some Western and developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan.
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