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Fan R, Liang Z, Wang Q, Chen S, Huang S, Liu J, Huang R, Chen J, Zhao F, Huang W. Beneficial action of cinnamic acid against ovarian cancer via network pharmacology analysis and the pharmacological activity assessment. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2987-2994. [PMID: 37870582 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring cinnamic acid (CA) shows the beneficial potential in the suppression of ovarian cancer (OC). Currently, the in-depth molecular mechanisms of CA to suppress OC are still undescribed entirely. Thus, our research used the preclinical methodology through network pharmacology approach and pharmacological evaluation in vitro to unshroud the anti-OC targets and mechanisms of CA. Our data primarily identified 202 CA targets and 495 OC targets, and additional 45 shared targets in CA and OC were screened as presented in interaction network map. All 11 core targets in CA against OC were identified completely. The enrichment analysis of core targets revealed the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of CA against OC in details, including metabolic recombination and immune microenvironment regulation. Additionally, pharmacological evaluation data in vitro suggested that CA inhibited human OC cell proliferation in the time- and dose-dependent manners. In conclusion, CA can exert antineoplastic effects against OC effectively, and the pharmacological functions may directly actualize through a multi-target and multi-pathway avenue for suppressing OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 179 Mingxiu East Road, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Zining Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 179 Mingxiu East Road, Nanning, 530001, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases With Integrative Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, Nanning, 530001, China
| | - Sizhe Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Shiting Huang
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Jiansu Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Rui Huang
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Jie Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Feilan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 179 Mingxiu East Road, Nanning, 530001, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- First Clinical Medical College, Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University, No. 89-9 Dongge Road, Nanning, 530023, China.
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2
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Raha S, Paidi RK, Dutta D, Pahan K. Cinnamic acid, a natural plant compound, exhibits neuroprotection in a mouse model of Sandhoff disease via PPARα. NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS 2024; 3:17-32. [PMID: 38532783 PMCID: PMC10961485 DOI: 10.1515/nipt-2023-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) and its severe form Sandhoff disease (SD) are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage metabolic disorders, which often result into excessive GM2 ganglioside accumulation predominantly in lysosomes of nerve cells. Although patients with these diseases appear normal at birth, the progressive accumulation of undegraded GM2 gangliosides in neurons leads to early death accompanied by manifestation of motor difficulties and gradual loss of behavioral skills. Unfortunately, there is still no effective treatment available for TSD/SD. The present study highlights the importance of cinnamic acid (CA), a naturally occurring aromatic fatty acid present in a number of plants, in inhibiting the disease process in a transgenic mouse model of SD. Oral administration of CA significantly attenuated glial activation and inflammation and reduced the accumulation of GM2 gangliosides/glycoconjugates in the cerebral cortex of Sandhoff mice. Besides, oral CA also improved behavioral performance and increased the survival of Sandhoff mice. While assessing the mechanism, we found that oral administration of CA increased the level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in the brain of Sandhoff mice and that oral CA remained unable to reduce glycoconjugates, improve behavior and increase survival in Sandhoff mice lacking PPARα. Our results indicate a beneficial function of CA that utilizes a PPARα-dependent mechanism to halt the progression of SD and thereby increase the longevity of Sandhoff mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Raha
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ramesh K Paidi
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Debashis Dutta
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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3
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Zhu Z, Chen R, Zhang L. Simple phenylpropanoids: recent advances in biological activities, biosynthetic pathways, and microbial production. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:6-24. [PMID: 37807808 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00012e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2023Simple phenylpropanoids are a large group of natural products with primary C6-C3 skeletons. They are not only important biomolecules for plant growth but also crucial chemicals for high-value industries, including fragrances, nutraceuticals, biomaterials, and pharmaceuticals. However, with the growing global demand for simple phenylpropanoids, direct plant extraction or chemical synthesis often struggles to meet current needs in terms of yield, titre, cost, and environmental impact. Benefiting from the rapid development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, microbial production of natural products from inexpensive and renewable sources provides a feasible solution for sustainable supply. This review outlines the biological activities of simple phenylpropanoids, compares their biosynthetic pathways in different species (plants, bacteria, and fungi), and summarises key research on the microbial production of simple phenylpropanoids over the last decade, with a focus on engineering strategies that seem to hold most potential for further development. Moreover, constructive solutions to the current challenges and future perspectives for industrial production of phenylpropanoids are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanpin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Ruibing Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Innovative Drug R&D Centre, College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
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4
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Gamit N, Patil M, B Sundrappa S, Sundaram SM, Sethi G, Dharmarajan A, Warrier S. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived rapid drug screening system for Alzheimer's disease for the identification of novel drugs. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1496-1512. [PMID: 37571798 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
A reliable and efficient in vitro model is needed to screen drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD), as many drugs are currently in the developmental stage. To address this, we developed an in vitro model using amniotic membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AM-MSCs) to screen novel drugs for AD. We differentiated AM-MSCs into neurons and degenerated them using beta amyloid1-42 (Aß). We then tested AD drugs, which are commercially available such as donepezil, rivastigmine, memantine, citicoline, and two novel drugs, that is, probucol, an anti-hyperlipidaemic drug, and NMJ-2, a cinnamic acid analogue for their potential to protect the cells against neurodegeneration. We used gene expression and immunofluorescence staining to assess the neuroprotective ability of these drugs. We also measured the ability of these drugs to reduce lactate dehydrogenase, reactive oxygen species, and nitric oxide levels, as well as their ability to stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential and increase acetylcholine (ACh) levels. The AD drugs and novel drugs reduced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential, and restored ACh levels. Furthermore, they reduced BACE1 expression, with a concomitant increase in the expression of cholinergic markers. This AM-MSCs-based AD-like model has immense potential to be an accurate human model and an alternative to animal models for testing a large number of lead compounds in a short time. Our results also suggest that the novel drugs probucol and NMJ-2 may protect against Aß-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naisarg Gamit
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
| | - Manasi Patil
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
| | - Soumya B Sundrappa
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
| | - S Mohana Sundaram
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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5
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Marchesi E, Perrone D, Navacchia ML. Molecular Hybridization as a Strategy for Developing Artemisinin-Derived Anticancer Candidates. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2185. [PMID: 37765156 PMCID: PMC10536797 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisinin is a natural compound extracted from Artemisia species belonging to the Asteraceae family. Currently, artemisinin and its derivatives are considered among the most significant small-molecule antimalarial drugs. Artemisinin and its derivatives have also been shown to possess selective anticancer properties, however, there are several limitations and gaps in knowledge that retard their repurposing as effective anticancer agents. Hybridization resulting from a covalent combination of artemisinin with one or more active pharmacophores has emerged as a promising approach to overcome several issues. The variety of hybridization partners allows improvement in artemisinin activity by tuning the ability of conjugated artemisinin to interact with various molecule targets involved in multiple biological pathways. This review highlights the current scenario of artemisinin-derived hybrids with potential anticancer activity. The synthetic approaches to achieve the corresponding hybrids and the structure-activity relationships are discussed to facilitate further rational design of more effective candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marchesi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Daniela Perrone
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 40129 Bologna, Italy
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6
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Khedkar S, Ahmad Khan M. Aqueous Extract of Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum spp.): Role in Cancer and Inflammation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:5467342. [PMID: 37215636 PMCID: PMC10195174 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5467342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.; family Lauraceae), a plant widely used as a spice and flavoring agent and in the perfume industry, has high therapeutic value. However, the components and chemical properties of cinnamon extracts vary depending on the part of the plant, the method, and the solvent used for extraction. Green extraction methods using safe and green solvents have gained increased interest in recent years. Water is an environmentally friendly and safe green solvent widely used for preparing cinnamon extracts. This review focuses on the various preparation techniques for the aqueous extract of cinnamon, its major bioactive components, and their beneficial roles in different pathological conditions, specifically cancer and inflammation. The aqueous extract of cinnamon contains several bioactive compounds, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and polyphenols, and exerts anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties by altering key apoptotic and angiogenic factors. The whole extract is a better anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent than the purified fractions, indicating a synergistic effect between various components. Studies have indicated that aqueous cinnamon extract has immense therapeutic potential, and to better understand its synergistic effects, extensive characterization of the aqueous extract and its potential to be used with other therapies should be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubrata Khedkar
- Department of Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Minhaj Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India
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7
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Chang MR, Rusanov DA, Arakelyan J, Alshehri M, Asaturova AV, Kireeva GS, Babak MV, Ang WH. Targeting emerging cancer hallmarks by transition metal complexes: Cancer stem cells and tumor microbiome. Part I. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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8
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Lipińska MM, Haliński ŁP, Gołębiowski M, Kowalkowska AK. Active Compounds with Medicinal Potential Found in Maxillariinae Benth. (Orchidaceae Juss.) Representatives-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010739. [PMID: 36614181 PMCID: PMC9821772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Orchids are widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of a whole range of different health conditions, and representatives of the Neotropical subtribe Maxillariinae are not an exception. They are utilized, for instance, for their spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory activities. In this work, we analyze the literature concerning the chemical composition of the plant extracts and secretions of this subtribe's representatives published between 1991 and 2022. Maxillariinae is one of the biggest taxa within the orchid family; however, to date, only 19 species have been investigated in this regard and, as we report, they produce 62 semiochemicals of medical potential. The presented review is the first summary of biologically active compounds found in Maxillariinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika M. Lipińska
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- Foundation Polish Orchid Association, 81-825 Sopot, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Łukasz P. Haliński
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Gołębiowski
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka K. Kowalkowska
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
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9
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Nolasco-Quintana NY, González-Maya L, Razo-Hernández RS, Alvarez L. Exploring the Gallic and Cinnamic Acids Chimeric Derivatives as Anticancer Agents over HeLa Cell Line: An in silico and in vitro Study. Mol Inform 2023; 42:e2200016. [PMID: 36065495 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most aggressive and important cancer types in the female population, due to its low survival rate. Actually, the search for new bioactive compounds, like gallic and cinnamic acid, is one of the most employed options to finding a treatment. In the present study, 134 phenolic compounds with cytotoxic activity over HeLa cell line were used to generate a descriptive ( R 2 ${{R}^{2}}$ =0.76) and predictive ( Q 2 ${{Q}^{2}}$ =0.69 and Q e x t 2 ${{Q}_{{\rm e}{\rm x}{\rm t}}^{2}}$ =0.62) QSAR model. Structural, electronic, steric, and hydrophobic features are represented as different molecular descriptors in our QSAR model. From this model, nine gallate-cinnamate ester derivatives (N1-N9) were designed and synthesized. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated against HeLa and non-tumorigenic cells. Derivatives N6, N5, N1, and N9 were the most active molecules with IC50ExpHeLa values from 7.26 to 11.95 μM. Finally, the binding of the synthesized compounds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin was evaluated by molecular docking as a possible action mechanism. N1, N5 and N6 can be considered as templates for the design of new cervical anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninfa Yaret Nolasco-Quintana
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor., México.,Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor., México
| | - Leticia González-Maya
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, 62209, Morelos, México
| | - Rodrigo Said Razo-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor., México
| | - Laura Alvarez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Mor., México
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10
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Cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of acetone and aqueous Artemisia vulgaris L. and Artemisia alba Turra extracts on colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Çalışkan E, Altay Öztürk D, Koran K, Tekin S, Sandal S, Erkan S, Görgülü AO, Çetin A. Synthesis of new cinnamoyl-amino acid conjugates and in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200426. [PMID: 35864058 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid conjugates are described by the reaction of amino acids with bioactive organic groups such as vitamins, hormones, flavonoids, steroids, and sugars. In this study, 12 new conjugates were synthesized by reaction of cinnamic acid derivatives with various amino acids. Cytotoxic studies against four different human cancer cells (MCF7, PC-3, Caco-2, and A2780) were carried out by MTT assay method at five different concentrations. The structure-activity relationships based on the cell viability rates were evaluated. To compare the anticancer activities of the compounds using computational chemistry methods, they were docked against A2780 human ovarian cancer, Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF7), human prostate cancer (PC-3) and human colon epidermal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cell lines and compared with the standard 5-Fluorouracil. The results indicate that the efficacy of cinnamic acid derivatives increases with the presence of amino acids. Comet assay was conducted to understand whether the cell deaths occur through DNA damage mechanism and the results exhibit that the changes in the specified parameters were statistically significant (P<0.05). Our study demonstrated that the compounds cause cell death through the formation of DNA damage mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eray Çalışkan
- Bingol University: Bingol Universitesi, Chemsitry Department, Bingöl Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi D3-33, 12000, Bingol, TURKEY
| | - Dilara Altay Öztürk
- Turgut Ozal University: Turgut Ozal Universitesi, Physiology Department, Malatya, Malatya, TURKEY
| | - Kenan Koran
- Firat University Faculty of Science: Firat Universitesi Fen Fakultesi, Chemistry, Elazığ 23000, Elazığ, TURKEY
| | - Suat Tekin
- Inonu University School of Medicine: Inonu Universitesi Tip fakultesi, Physiology Department, Bulgurlu Mahallesi, Elazığ Yolu 15. Km., 44280 Merkez/Battalgazi/Malatya, Malatya, TURKEY
| | - Süleyman Sandal
- Inonu University School of Medicine: Inonu Universitesi Tip fakultesi, Physiology Department, Bulgurlu Mahallesi, Elazığ Yolu 15. Km., 44280 Merkez/Battalgazi/Malatya, Malatya, TURKEY
| | - Sultan Erkan
- Cumhuriyet University: Sivas Cumhuriyet Universitesi, Chemistry, Sivas, Sivas, TURKEY
| | - Ahmet Orhan Görgülü
- Marmara Universitesi - Goztepe Kampusu: Marmara Universitesi, Chemistry, Marmara Üniveristesi Göztepe kampüsü Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 34722, kadıköy, TURKEY
| | - Ahmet Çetin
- Bingol University: Bingol Universitesi, Chemistry, Bingöl Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi D3-33, 12000, Merkez, TURKEY
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12
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Yenigül M, Akçok İ, Gencer Akçok EB. Ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid combination exhibits selective anticancer effects on K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7521-7530. [PMID: 35585382 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the recent advances in chemotherapy, the outcomes and the success of these treatments still remain insufficient. Novel combination treatments and treatment strategies need to be developed in order to achieve more effective treatment. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid on cancer cell lines. METHODS The anti-proliferative effect of ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid was investigated by MTT cell viability assay in three different cancer cell lines. Combination indexes were calculated using CompuSyn software. Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometric Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining. The effect of the inhibitors on cell cycle distribution was measured by propidium iodide staining. RESULTS The combination treatment of ethacrynic acid and cinnamic acid decreased cell proliferation significantly, by 63%, 75% and 70% for K562, HepG2 and TFK-1 cells, respectively. A 5.5-fold increase in the apoptotic cell population was observed after combination treatment of K562 cells. The population of apoptotic cells increased by 9.3 and 0.4% in HepG2 and TFK-1 cells, respectively. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis shows significant cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phase for K562 cells and non-significant accumulation in G0/G1 phase for TFK-1 and HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Although there is a need for further investigation, our results suggest that the inhibitors used in this study cause a decrease in cellular proliferation, induce apoptosis and cause cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Münevver Yenigül
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Bioengineering Department, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İsmail Akçok
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Bioengineering Department, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Emel Başak Gencer Akçok
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Abdullah Gul University, 38080, Kayseri, Turkey.
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13
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Lukic I, Milovanovic S, Pantic M, Srbljak I, Djuric A, Tadic V, Tyśkiewicz K. Separation of high-value extracts from Silybum marianum seeds: Influence of extraction technique and storage on composition and bioactivity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Vale JAD, Rodrigues MP, Lima ÂMA, Santiago SS, Lima GDDA, Almeida AA, Oliveira LLD, Bressan GC, Teixeira RR, Machado-Neves M. Synthesis of cinnamic acid ester derivatives with antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities on murine melanoma cells. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112689. [PMID: 35149386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, and its incidence has continued to rise during the past decades. Conventional treatments present severe side effects in cancer patients, and melanoma can be refractory to commonly used anticancer drugs, which justify the efforts to find new potential anti-melanoma drugs. An alternative to promote the discovery of new pharmacological substances would be modifying chemical groups from a bioactive compound. Here we describe the synthesis of seventeen compounds derived from cinnamic acid and their bioactivity evaluation against melanoma cells. The compound phenyl 2,3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoate (3q) was the most effective against murine B16-F10 cells, as observed in cytotoxicity and cell migration assays. Simultaneously, this compound showed low cytotoxic activity on non-tumor cells. At the highest concentration, the compound 3q was able to trigger apoptosis, whereas, at lower concentrations, it affected the cell cycle and melanoma cell proliferation. Furthermore, cinnamate 3q impaired cell invasion, adhesion, colonization, and actin polymerization. In conclusion, these results highlight the antiproliferative and antimetastatic potential of cinnamic acid derivatives on melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Alves do Vale
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alisson Andrade Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Costa Bressan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | | | - Mariana Machado-Neves
- Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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15
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Hong S, Cha KH, Park JH, Jung DS, Choi JH, Yoo G, Nho CW. Cinnamic acid suppresses bone loss via induction of osteoblast differentiation with alteration of gut microbiota. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 101:108900. [PMID: 34748919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, a disease characterized by low bone density that poses a high risk of bone fractures, is associated with aging, diet, and menopause. Despite the various known therapeutic methods for osteoporosis treatment, the development of a new therapeutic agent without side effects in long-term use is required. Cinnamic acid (CA) is a phytochemical found in cinnamon. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CA on osteoporosis and demonstrated its mechanism in MC3T3E1 preosteoblasts and ovariectomized mice. CA treatment induced osteoblast differentiation with elevation of osteogenic markers both in vitro and in vivo. CA treatment ameliorated bone loss resulting in better bone indices, increased gut microbial diversity, and recovered changes in the gut microbial composition induced by ovariectomy. These changes were accompanied by an increase in BMP/TGFβ/Smad signaling. Therefore, CA has the potential to suppress the progress of bone loss via the enhancement of bone density through the regulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Hong
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea; KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Park
- Pharmacological Research Division National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Seul Jung
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyhye Yoo
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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Antifungal Activity and Acute and Repeated-Dose Toxicity Study of Geranyl Cinnamate Ester in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3493625. [PMID: 34659431 PMCID: PMC8514914 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3493625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the antifungal activity and toxicity of the geranyl cinnamate ester (GCE) were investigated. The GCE showed antifungal activity at a minimum concentration of 0.16 μL/mL against Candida albicans and at concentrations greater than 2.5 μL/mL against Aspergillus niger. In acute toxicity studies, the administration of GCE (2.000 mg/kg) affected the body weight gain and food intake but did not induce the mortality of the animals studied. After the investigation of repeated-dose toxicity of GCE at 2 and 4 mg/kg, the hematological and biochemical parameters were changed. In addition, the adrenal weight of male mice treated with GCE at 4 mg/kg was affected. In conclusion, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) acute toxicity parameters, the geranyl cinnamate ester can be classified into safety category number 5. The results of this study suggested that the geranyl cinnamate ester may be a source of natural antifungals.
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Zhang B, Xu Z, Liu Q, Xia S, Liu Z, Liao Z, Gou S. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of cinnamamide-quinazoline derivatives as potential EGFR inhibitors to reverse T790M mutation. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105420. [PMID: 34655841 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gatekeeper T790M mutation in EGFR is the most common factor for acquired resistance. Acrylamide-bearing 4-anilinoquinazoline scaffold are powerful irreversible inhibitors for overcoming resistance. In this work, three series of EGFR inhibitors derived from incorporation of cinnamamide into the quinazoline scaffold were designed and synthesized to reverse resistance resulting from insurgence of T790M mutation. SAR studies revealed that methoxy and acetoxy substitutions on the cinnamic phenyl ring were found to elevate the activity. In particular, compound 7g emerged as the most potent derivative against mutant-type H1975 cells, which exhibited comparable activity to osimertinib (0.95 μM) towards H1975 cells with an IC50 value of 1.22 μM. Kinase inhibition studies indicated that 7g showed excellent inhibitory effect on EGFRT790M enzyme, which was 11 times more effective than gefitinib. Besides, selectivity index of 7g toward the EGFRT790M mutant over the EGFRWT is 2.72, hinting its effect of reducing off-target. Mechanism study indicated that 7g induced apoptosis of H1975 cells and arrest the cell cycle at G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, 7g could significantly inhibit the expression of p-EGFR and its downstream p-AKT and p-ERK in H1975 cells. Molecular docking was also performed to gain insights into the ligand-binding interactions of 7g inside EGFRWT and EGFRT790M binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zichen Xu
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Shengjin Xia
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhikun Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhixin Liao
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Shaohua Gou
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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Da Rosa RB, Borsoi G, Conter LU, Feistel C, Gottems AL, Reginatto FH, Grivicich I, De Barros Falcão Ferraz A. Bioguided isolation of a selective compound from Calea phyllolepis leaves against breast cancer cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 130:20-27. [PMID: 34605186 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plants of the Calea genus have been reported to contain lipophilic compounds, such as sesquiterpene lactones, with cytotoxic effect against different cancer cell lines. The aim of this manuscript was to investigate the chemical profile and cytotoxic activity of different fractions from Calea phylolepis leaves on different human cancer cell lines. The fractions were prepared using solvent extraction of increasing polarity, yielding hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions. All fractions were chemically analysed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), and their cytotoxic activity against HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (breast cancer), U-251MG (malignant glioblastoma) and L929 (mouse fibroblast) cell lines was investigated. Among these, the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions showed higher cytotoxic effects, while the methanolic fraction did not show any cytotoxic effects. The major bioactive compound from the hexane fraction (12.15%) was isolated using chromatographic methods and was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis as 6-epi-β-verbesinol coumarate. This compound showed activity against breast cancer cells (IC50 = 5.8 ± 1.0 μg/ml), similar to etoposide. Furthermore, 6-epi-β-verbesinol coumarate showed low cytotoxicity to normal fibroblast cells, suggesting a high selectivity index (SI = 7.39) against breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Bitencourt Da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borsoi
- Programa de Iniciação Científica e Tecnológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Lucas Umpierre Conter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Cleverson Feistel
- Programa de Iniciação Científica e Tecnológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Henrique Reginatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Alexandre De Barros Falcão Ferraz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Aplicada à Saúde (PPGBioSaude), Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
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Wu Y, Wang M, Yang T, Qin L, Hu Y, Zhao D, Wu L, Liu T. Cinnamic Acid Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Suppressing Hepatic Lipogenesis and Promoting Fatty Acid Oxidation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:9561613. [PMID: 34512784 PMCID: PMC8433026 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9561613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamic acid (CA) has been shown to have many beneficial effects including regulating lipid metabolism and reducing obesity. However, its effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFDL) has not been investigated in detail. Thus, we performed this study in order to explore CA's effect on hepatic lipid metabolism and the underlying mechanisms. METHOD Oleic acid (OA) was used to induce lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. After coincubation with CA, the cells were stained with oil red O and the triglyceride (TG) content was assessed. Key genes in lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation pathways were tested. Additionally, db/db and wt/wt mice were divided into three groups, with the wt/wt mice representing the normal group and the db/db mice being divided into the NAFLD and CA groups. After 4 weeks of oral treatment, all mice were sacrificed and the blood lipid profile and liver tissues were assessed. RESULTS CA treatment reduced the lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and in db/db mouse livers. ACLY, ACC, FAS, SCD1, PPARγ, and CD36 were significantly downregulated, while CPT1A, PGC1α, and PPARα were significantly upregulated. CONCLUSION CA's therapeutic effect on NAFLD may be attributed to its ability to lower hepatic lipid accumulation, which is mediated by suppression of hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid intake, as well as increased fatty acid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- Chengdu Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Department of Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yaomu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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20
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Li Y, Shi S, Zhang S, Gan Z, Wang X, Zhao X, Zhu Y, Cao M, Wang X, Li W. ctc-[Pt(NH 3) 2(cinnamate)(valproate)Cl 2] is a highly potent and low-toxic triple action anticancer prodrug. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:11180-11188. [PMID: 34338267 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pt(iv) prodrugs have gained tremendous attention due to their indisputable advantages compared to cisplatin. Herein, new Pt(iv) derivatives with cinnamic acid at the first axial position, and inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9, histone deacetylase, cyclooxygenase or pyruvate dehydrogenase at the second axial position are constructed to develop multi-action prodrugs. We demonstrate that Pt(iv) prodrugs are reducible and have superior antiproliferative activity with IC50 values at submicromolar concentrations. Notably, Pt(iv) prodrugs exhibit highly potent anti-tumour activity in an in vivo breast cancer model. Our results support the view that a triple-action Pt(iv) prodrug acts via a synergistic mechanism, which involves the effects of CDDP and the effects of axial moieties, thus jointly leading to the death of tumour cells. These findings provide a practical strategy for the rational design of more effective Pt(iv) prodrugs to efficiently kill tumour cells by enhancing their cellular accumulation and tuning their canonical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
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21
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Pal A, Tapadar P, Pal R. Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Cinnamic Acid-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Triple Negative MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1141-1150. [PMID: 32767960 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200807222248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamic Acid (CA), also known as 3-phenyl-2-propenoic acid, is a naturally occurring aromatic fatty acid found commonly in cinnamon, grapes, tea, cocoa, spinach and celery. Various studies have identified CA to have anti-proliferative action on glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate and lung carcinoma cells. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the cytotoxic effect of CA in killing MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells. METHODS We performed MTT assay and trypan blue assay to determine cell viability and cell death, respectively. Comet analysis was carried out to investigate DNA damage of individual cells. Furthermore, AO/EtBr assay and sub-G1 analysis using flow cytometry were used to study apoptosis. Protein isolation followed by immunoblotting was used to observe protein abundance in treated and untreated cancer cells. RESULTS Using MTT assay, we have determined CA to reduce cell viability in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and tumorigenic HEK 293 cells but not in normal NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. Subsequently, trypan blue assay and comet assay showed CA to cause cell death and DNA damage, respectively, in the MDA-MB-231 cells. Using AO/EtBr staining and sub-G1 analysis, we further established CA to increase apoptosis. Additionally, immunoblotting showed the abundance of TNFA, TNF Receptor 1 (TNFR1) and cleaved caspase-8/-3 proapoptotic proteins to increase with CA treatment. Subsequently, blocking of TNFA-TNFR1 signalling by small molecule inhibitor, R-7050, reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-8 and caspase-3 at the protein level. CONCLUSION Thus, from the above observations, we can conclude that CA is an effective anticancer agent that can induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells via TNFA-TNFR1 mediated extrinsic apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Pal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Poulami Tapadar
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Ranjana Pal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
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Jeong SH, Jang JH, Jung DH, Lee GY, Lee YB. Pharmacokinetic Changes According to Single or Multiple Oral Administrations of Socheongryong-Tang to Rats: Presented as a Typical Example of Changes in the Pharmacokinetics Following Multiple Exposures to Herbal Medicines. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:478. [PMID: 33916059 PMCID: PMC8103508 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid after single or multiple doses of Socheongryong-tang (SCRT) were administered to rats, and to present an example of the pharmacokinetic changes following multiple doses of an herbal medicine. SCRT is a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically for a long time, and its main ingredients include ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid. However, studies on the pharmacokinetic properties of SCRT are insufficient, and particularly, no pharmacokinetic information has been reported for multiple doses. In this study, SCRT was administered orally to rats once or multiple times, and plasma sampled at different times was quantitatively analyzed for ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. There was a difference between the pharmacokinetic parameter values of each component (especially in paeoniflorin and cinnamic acid) obtained after single or multiple doses of SCRT. The actual observed values of each component obtained after multiple doses of SCRT were clearly different from the predicted results of multiple-dose simulations based on the pharmacokinetic profiles obtained after a single dose. The results confirmed that the plasma concentrations and, thus, exposures to paeoniflorin and cinnamic acid were significantly increased when SCRT was administered multiple times, whereas that of ephedrine was not. The results of this study are expected to provide useful pharmacokinetic data for the safety and efficacy evaluation of SCRT in the future and demonstrate the necessity of pharmacokinetic comparison studies according to single or multiple oral administrations of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Ji-Hun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Da-Hwa Jung
- Department of Korean Medicinal Resource Development, National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Udae land gil 288, Jangheung, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea; (D.-H.J.); (G.-Y.L.)
| | - Guk-Yeo Lee
- Department of Korean Medicinal Resource Development, National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Udae land gil 288, Jangheung, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea; (D.-H.J.); (G.-Y.L.)
| | - Yong-Bok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (J.-H.J.)
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N-Phenyl Cinnamamide Derivatives Protect Hepatocytes against Oxidative Stress by Inducing Cellular Glutathione Synthesis via Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2 Activation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041027. [PMID: 33672046 PMCID: PMC7919495 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Substituted N-phenyl cinnamamide derivatives were designed and synthesized to confirm activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway by the electronic effect on beta-position of Michael acceptor according to introducing the R1 and R2 group. Compounds were screened using the Nrf2/antioxidant response element (ARE)-driven luciferase reporter assay. Compound 1g showed desirable luciferase activity in HepG2 cells without cell toxicity. mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2/ARE target genes such as NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1, hemeoxygenase-1, and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) were upregulated by compound 1g in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with 1g resulted in increased endogenous antioxidant glutathione, showing strong correlation with enhanced GCLC expression for synthesis of glutathione. In addition, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-generated reactive oxygen species were significantly removed by 1g, and the results of a cell survival assay in a t-BHP-induced oxidative cell injury model showed a cytoprotective effect of 1g in a concentration dependent manner. In conclusion, the novel compound 1g can be utilized as an Nrf2/ARE activator in antioxidative therapy.
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Monitoring of the Surface Charge Density Changes of Human Glioblastoma Cell Membranes upon Cinnamic and Ferulic Acids Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186972. [PMID: 32971943 PMCID: PMC7555054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamic acid (CA) and ferulic acid (FA) are naturally occurring phenolic acids claimed to exert beneficial effects against disorders related to oxidative stress, including cancer. One such malignancy that still remains a therapeutic challenge mainly due to its heterogeneity and inaccessibility to therapeutic agents is Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Here, the influence of CA and FA on the surface charge density of human GBM cell line LN-229 was studied using the electrophoretic light scattering technique. Also, the cytotoxicity of both phenolic acids was determined by metabolic activity-assessing tetrazolium test (MTT) analysis after exposure to CA and FA for 24 h and 48 h. Results showed that both compounds reduced cell viability of LN-229 cells, with more pronounced effect evoked by CA as reflected in IC50 values. Further analyses demonstrated that, after treatment with both phenolic acids, the negative charge of membranes decreased at high pH values and the positive charge of the membranes increased at low pH values compared to the data obtained for untreated cells. Afterward, a four-equilibrium model was applied to estimate the total surface concentrations of both acidic and basic functional groups and their association constants with solution ions in order to calculate theoretical values of membrane surface charge densities. Then, the theoretical data were compared to the experimental data in order to verify the mathematical model. As such, our results indicate that application of electrochemical methods to determine specific drug-membrane interactions might be crucial for predicting their pharmacological activity and bioavailability.
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Ejarque D, Sánchez-Férez F, Calvet T, Font-Bardia M, Pons J. Exploring the reactivity of α-Acetamidocinnamic acid and 4-Phenylpyridine with Zn(II) and Cd(II). Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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26
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Graminha AE, Honorato J, Dulcey LL, Godoy LR, Barbosa MF, Cominetti MR, Menezes AC, Batista AA. Evaluation of the biological potential of ruthenium(II) complexes with cinnamic acid. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 206:111021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Design and Synthesis of Molecular Hybrids of Sophora Alkaloids and Cinnamic Acids as Potential Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051168. [PMID: 32150948 PMCID: PMC7179170 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five sophora alkaloids-cinnamic acid hybrids (including matrine-cinnamic acid hybrids, sophoridine-cinnamic acid hybrids, and sophocarpine-cinnamic acid hybrids) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated in vitro against three human tumor cell lines (HeLa, HepG2 and A549) with cisplatin as a positive control. Some matrine-cinnamic acid and sophoridine-cinnamic acid compounds exhibited potent effect against all three cancer cell lines, such as compounds 5b, 5e, 5g, and 6d. The structure-activity relationship study of the synthesized compounds was also performed. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that compounds 5e and 6d could induce apoptosis in HepG2 cell line. Further, compounds 5e and 6d altered mitochondrial membrane potential and produced ROS leading to cell apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Overall, our findings suggested that these compounds may provide promising lead compounds for further development as antitumor agents by structural modification.
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Batool SS, Gilani SR, Zainab SS, Tahir MN, Harrison WT, Haider MS, Syed Q, Mazhar S, Shoaib M. Synthesis, crystal structure, thermal studies and antimicrobial activity of a mononuclear Cu(II)-cinnamate complex with N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine as co-ligand. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zajac J, Novohradsky V, Markova L, Brabec V, Kasparkova J. Platinum (IV) Derivatives with Cinnamate Axial Ligands as Potent Agents Against Both Differentiated and Tumorigenic Cancer Stem Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Zajac
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Kralovoposlka 135 CZ-61265 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Kralovoposlka 135 CZ-61265 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Markova
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Kralovoposlka 135 CZ-61265 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Kralovoposlka 135 CZ-61265 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Biophysics Kralovoposlka 135 CZ-61265 Brno Czech Republic
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Zajac J, Novohradsky V, Markova L, Brabec V, Kasparkova J. Platinum (IV) Derivatives with Cinnamate Axial Ligands as Potent Agents Against Both Differentiated and Tumorigenic Cancer Stem Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3329-3335. [PMID: 31802607 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To design an anticancer drug capable of inhibiting not only the proliferation of the differentiated tumor cells but also reducing the tumorigenic capability of cancer stem cells (CSCs), the new PtIV prodrugs with axial cinnamate ligands were synthesized. We demonstrate their superior antiproliferative activity in monolayer and 3D spheroid antiproliferative activity tests using panel of cancer cell lines. An outstanding activity was found against rhabdomyosarcoma cells, one of the most problematic and poorly treatable pediatric tumors. The results also suggest that the released PtII compound inhibits antiproliferative activity of cancer cells by DNA-damage mediated mechanism; the released cinnamic acid can trigger processes leading to differentiation, making the CSCs more sensitive to killing by the platinum part of the complex. PtIV complex with axial cinnamate ligands is the first PtIV prodrug capable of overcoming CSCs resistance and induce death in both CSCs and bulk cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Zajac
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovoposlka 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovoposlka 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Markova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovoposlka 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovoposlka 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Kralovoposlka 135, CZ-61265, Brno, Czech Republic
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Cinnamic Acid Conjugates in the Rescuing and Repurposing of Classical Antimalarial Drugs. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010066. [PMID: 31878190 PMCID: PMC6982862 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinnamic acids are compounds of natural origin that can be found in many different parts of a wide panoply of plants, where they play the most diverse biological roles, often in a conjugated form. For a long time, this has been driving Medicinal Chemists towards the investigation of the therapeutic potential of natural, semi-synthetic, or fully synthetic cinnamic acid conjugates. These efforts have been steadily disclosing promising drug leads, but a wide chemical space remains that deserves to be further explored. Amongst different reported approaches, the combination or conjugation of cinnamic acids with known drugs has been addressed in an attempt to produce either synergistic or multi-target action. In this connection, the present review will focus on efforts of the past decade regarding conjugation with cinnamic acids as a tool for the rescuing or the repurposing of classical antimalarial drugs, and also on future perspectives in this particular field of research.
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Anti-cancer effects of cinnamon: Insights into its apoptosis effects. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 178:131-140. [PMID: 31195168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is known as a leading cause of death worldwide. In the last two decades, the incidence of cancer has been dramatically increased mostly due to lifestyle changes. The importance of this issue has attracted further attention to discover novel therapies to prevent and treat cancers. According to previous studies, drugs used to treat cancer have shown significant limitations. Therefore, the role of herbal medicines alone or in combination with chemotherapy drugs has been extensively studied in cancer treatment. Cinnamon is a natural component showing a wide range of pharmacological functions including anti-oxidant, anti-microbial and anti-cancer activities. Impaired apoptosis plays critical roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that cinnamon, as a therapeutic agent, has anti-cancer effects via affecting numerous apoptosis-related pathways in cancer cells. Here, we highlighted anticancer properties of cinnamon, particularly through targeting apoptosis-related mechanisms.
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A sensitive UPLC–ESI–MS/MS method for the quantification of cinnamic acid in vivo and in vitro: application to pharmacokinetic and protein binding study in human plasma. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-019-00444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Central Role of Cell Cycle Regulation in the Antitumoral Action of Ocoxin. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051068. [PMID: 31091680 PMCID: PMC6566638 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements which include natural antitumoral compounds could represent safe and efficient additives for cancer patients. One such nutritional supplement, Ocoxin Oral solution (OOS), is a composite formulation that contains several antioxidants and exhibits antitumoral properties in several in vitro and in vivo tumor conditions. Here, we performed a functional genomic analysis to uncover the mechanism of the antitumoral action of OOS. Using in vivo models of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, HEL cells, representative of a liquid tumor) and small-cell lung cancer (GLC-8, representative of a solid tumor), we showed that OOS treatment altered the transcriptome of xenografted tumors created by subcutaneously implanting these cells. Functional transcriptomic studies pointed to a cell cycle deregulation after OOS treatment. The main pathway responsible for this deregulation was the E2F-TFDP route, which was affected at different points. The alterations ultimately led to a decrease in pathway activation. Moreover, when OOS-deregulated genes in the AML context were analyzed in patient samples, a clear correlation with their levels and prognosis was observed. Together, these data led us to suggest that the antitumoral effect of OOS is due to blockade of cell cycle progression mainly caused by the action of OOS on the E2F-TFDP pathway.
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Wang Y, Sun Y, Wang J, Zhou M, Wang M, Feng J. Antifungal Activity and Action Mechanism of the Natural Product Cinnamic Acid Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:944-950. [PMID: 30895869 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-18-1355-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary spreads worldwide and causes serious economic losses. Considering the development of fungicide resistance and chemical residues, it is urgently necessary to explore alternative fungicides. In this study, the activity of the natural product cinnamic acid was assessed. The EC50 values for cinnamic acid inhibition of mycelial growth of 103 S. sclerotiorum strains ranged from 9.37 to 42.54 µg/ml with an average EC50 value of 18.77 (±3.39) µg/ml. No cross-resistance was detected between cinnamic acid and the commonly used fungicides carbendazim or dimethachlon. After treatment with cinnamic acid, mycelia distorted with more branches, no sclerotia developed, and the oxalic acid content decreased, whereas cell membrane permeability increased significantly. In pot experiments, cinnamic acid at 2,000 µg/ml provided over 95% efficacy against both carbendazim-sensitive and carbendazim-resistant strains of S. sclerotiorum. The expression of the sclerotia development-correlated genes Sac1, Pac1, Smk1, and Pka1 decreased, whereas the Cna1 gene expression increased. Altogether, cinnamic acid shows potential to be a natural alternative to commercial fungicides or a lead compound to develop new fungicides for the control of Sclerotinia stem rot. The biological characteristics contribute to the understanding of the action mechanism of cinnamic acid against S. sclerotiorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingxia Zhou
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaomaio Wang
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- Research and Development Center of Biorational Pesticides, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of parthenolide derivatives as potential anti-triple negative breast cancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:445-469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Li J, Liu X, Chen H, Sun Z, Chen H, Wang L, Sun X, Li X. Multi-targeting chemoprevention of Chinese herb formula Yanghe Huayan decoction on experimentally induced mammary tumorigenesis. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:48. [PMID: 30760265 PMCID: PMC6373088 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of safe and effective chemopreventive agents is a winning strategy in reducing the morbidity and mortality of breast cancer. The current study was to investigate the mechanism-based chemopreventive potential of a Chinese herb formula Yanghe Huayan (YHHY) Decoction on the classical 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced rat mammary carcinogenesis model. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats at 42 days of age were orally administered with a human equivalent dose of YHHY Decoction at 0.02 ml/g (10 mg/ml) once daily, starting 1 wk. before and 4 wks following DMBA treatment. Mammary tumor occurrence was monitored every day. The length of time before palpable tumor is examined is defined as tumor-free survival time. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were adopted to identify major chemical compositions of the decoction. Following bioinformatics data mining and experimental analyses were performed to demonstrate the underlying mechanism of action. RESULTS DMBA animals receiving YHHY Decoction exhibited a significant delay (P = 0.014) and in some animals prevention (P = 0.046) of tumor occurrence without obvious toxicity. Oncogenic myc activation was significantly suppressed in the DMBA-induced rats by the YHHY treatment. Eight major chemical compositions of the decoction were identified and were shown to interfere with multiple tumorigenic pathways simultaneously in the mammary tumors, including inducing tumor apoptosis and up-regulating pro-apoptotic protein Bax and down-regulating anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2; suppressing abnormal cell proliferation and the MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT signalings; blocking neo-angiogenesis and the VEGF/KDR signaling, and inhibiting oxidative stress in the mammary tumors. CONCLUSION The multi-components and multi-targeting properties of the YHHY Decoction support its use as a potent chemopreventive drug in breast cancer.
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Prorok T, Jana M, Patel D, Pahan K. Cinnamic Acid Protects the Nigrostriatum in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptorα. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:751-762. [PMID: 30612307 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-02705-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common devastating human neurodegenerative disorder and despite intense investigation, no effective therapy is available for PD. Cinnamic acid, a naturally occurring aromatic fatty acid of low toxicity, is a precursor for the synthesis of a huge number of plant substances. This study highlights the neuroprotective effect of cinnamic acid in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of PD. Oral administration of cinnamic acid protected tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and TH fibers in the striatum of MPTP-insulted mice. Accordingly, oral cinnamic acid also normalized striatal neurotransmitters and improved locomotor activities in MPTP-intoxicated mice. While investigating mechanisms, we found that cinnamic acid induced the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), but not PPARβ, in primary mouse astrocytes. Cinnamic acid mediated protection of the nigrostriatal system and locomotor activities in WT and PPARβ (-/-), but not PPARα (-/-) mice from MPTP intoxication suggests that cinnamic acid requires the involvement of PPARα in protecting dopaminergic neurons in this model of PD. This study delineates a new function of cinnamic acid in protecting dopaminergic neurons via PPARα that could be beneficial for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Prorok
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison St, Suite 310, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Malabendu Jana
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison St, Suite 310, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Dhruv Patel
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison St, Suite 310, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, USA. .,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1735 West Harrison St, Suite 310, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Rischer M, Lee SR, Eom HJ, Park HB, Vollmers J, Kaster AK, Shin YH, Oh DC, Kim KH, Beemelmanns C. Spirocyclic cladosporicin A and cladosporiumins I and J from a Hydractinia-associated Cladosporium sphaerospermum SW67. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01104d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The identification of three new spirocyclic natural products named cladosporicin A, cladosporiumins I and J from the fungus Cladosporium sphaerospermum SW67 is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Rischer
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
| | - Seoung Rak Lee
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Eom
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
| | | | - John Vollmers
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 5)
- Germany
| | - Anne-Kristin Kaster
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG 5)
- Germany
| | - Yern-Hyerk Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute
- College of Pharmacy
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute
- College of Pharmacy
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 08826
- Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- School of Pharmacy
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 16419
- Republic of Korea
| | - Christine Beemelmanns
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, single crystal X-ray structure and packing analyses of [Cu(temed)(p-nitro-cinnamate)2] and [Cu(temed)(p-methoxy-cinnamate)2]. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Design, synthesis and anti-melanogenic effect of cinnamamide derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:5672-5681. [PMID: 30366788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pigmentation disorders are attributed to excessive melanin which can be produced by tyrosinase. Therefore, tyrosinase is supposed to be a vital target for the treatment of disorders associated with overpigmentation. Based on our previous findings that an (E)-β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffold can play a key role in the inhibition of tyrosinase activity, and the fact that cinnamic acid is a safe natural substance with a scaffolded structure, it was speculated that appropriate cinnamic acid derivatives may exhibit potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Thus, ten cinnamamides were designed, and synthesized by using a Horner-Emmons olefination as the key step. Cinnamamides 4 (93.72% inhibition), 9 (78.97% inhibition), and 10 (59.09% inhibition) with either a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl, or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl substituent showed much higher mushroom tyrosinase inhibition at 25 µM than kojic acid (18.81% inhibition), used as a positive control. Especially, the two cinnamamides 4 and 9 having a 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl group showed the strongest inhibition. Docking simulation with tyrosinase revealed that these three cinnamamides, 4, 9, and 10, bind to the active site of tyrosinase more strongly than kojic acid. Cell-based experiments carried out using B16F10 murine skin melanoma cells demonstrated that all three cinnamamides effectively inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin production in the cells without cytotoxicity. There was a close correlation between cellular tyrosinase activity and melanin content, indicating that the inhibitory effect of the three cinnamamides on melanin production is mainly attributed to their capability for cellular tyrosinase inhibition. These results imply that cinnamamides having the (E)-β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl scaffolds are promising candidates for skin-lighting agents.
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Czarnecka M, Świtalska M, Wietrzyk J, Maciejewska G, Gliszczyńska A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of phosphatidylcholines with cinnamic and 3-methoxycinnamic acids with potent antiproliferative activity. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35744-35752. [PMID: 35547935 PMCID: PMC9088016 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07002d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of eight novel phosphatidylcholines containing cinnamic or 3-methoxycinnamic acids (3a-b, 5a-b, 9a-b, 10a-b) at sn-1 and/or sn-2 positions were synthesized and tested for their antiproliferative activity in an in vitro model against representative six human cancer cell lines (MV4-11, A549, MCF-7, LoVo, LoVo/DX, HepG2) and a normal cell line BALB/3T3. The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by spectral analysis. Biological evaluation revealed that all the tested conjugates exhibited higher antitumor activity than the corresponding free aromatic acids. Compounds 3b and 9b turned out to be the most active, with IC50 values of 32.1 and 30.5 μM against the LoVo/DX and MV4-11 cell lines, respectively. Studies of the mechanism of the antitumor action were carried out for 1-palmitoyl-2-cinnamoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (5a), and it was shown to be active toward almost all the tested types of cancer cells, showing that this compound could effectively arrest the cell cycle in G2/M and decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential of leukemia MV4-11 cells. The obtained results proved that the strategy of the incorporation of cinnamic and 3-methoxycinnamic acids into phospholipids could expand their potential application in industry, as well as could improve their antiproliferative activity and selectivity toward cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Czarnecka
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Norwida 25 50-375 Wrocław Poland
| | - Marta Świtalska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science Weigla 12 53-114 Wrocław Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science Weigla 12 53-114 Wrocław Poland
| | - Gabriela Maciejewska
- Central Laboratory of the Instrumental Analysis, Wrocław University of Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland
| | - Anna Gliszczyńska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Norwida 25 50-375 Wrocław Poland
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Soltanian S, Riahirad H, Pabarja A, Jafari E, Khandani BK. Effect of Cinnamic acid and FOLFOX in diminishing side population and downregulating cancer stem cell markers in colon cancer cell line HT-29. Daru 2018; 26:10.1007/s40199-018-0210-8. [PMID: 30209760 PMCID: PMC6154487 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-018-0210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a lot of evidence suggesting that a small subset of cancer cells resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy and known as cancer stem cells (CSCs) is responsible for promoting metastasis and cancer relapse. Therefore, targeting and eliminating the CSCs could lead to higher survival rates and a better quality of life. In comparison with conventional chemical drugs that may not be effective against CSCs, phytochemicals are strong anti-CSCs agents. The current study examines the effect of 5-fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) as a common chemotherapy drug on colorectal cancer as well as the influence of Cinnamic acid (CINN) as a plant-derived phytochemical on colon cancer stem-like cells in HT-29 adenocarcinoma cell line. METHODS The anti-proliferative effect of FOLFOX and CINN was determined using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. Flow cytometry analysis was used for the identification of side population (SP), CD44, and CD133 positive cells. The expression of OCT4, NANOG, ABCB1, and ALDH1A was assessed by RT-PCR. RESULTS The FOLFOX and CINN decreased cell viability in certain drug concentrations: IC50 = 5,40 μM oxaliplatin +220 μM 5-fluorouracil, and 13,50 mM for CINN. The CSC-associated markers (OCT4, NANOG, ABCB1, and ALDH1A) and the proportion of cancer stem-like cells (SP cells, CD44, and CD133 positive cells) were downregulated following the treatment of HT-29 adenocarcinoma cell line with IC50 concentrations of FOLFOX and CINN. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that CINN, a naturally occurring component, could be more effective than FOLFOX treatment in reducing the cancer stem-like cells and expression of CSC markers from HT-29 colon cancer cells. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Soltanian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Helia Riahirad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Athareh Pabarja
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behjat Kalantari Khandani
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Yilmaz S, Sova M, Ergün S. Antimicrobial activity of trans-cinnamic acid and commonly used antibiotics against important fish pathogens and nonpathogenic isolates. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1714-1727. [PMID: 30179290 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Antibiotics and several other chemicals have been used to prevent fish diseases. However, this situation results in economic loss for the companies in the aquaculture industry and most importantly it pollutes the environment. Cinnamic acid is a naturally occurring aromatic acid and is considered to be safe for human consumption. Therefore, in this study, the antibacterial activity of trans-cinnamic acid and commonly used antibiotics, namely chloramphenicol, vancomycin, streptomycin and erythromycin, were tested against 32 bacteria, including fish pathogens, nonpathogenic isolates and collection strains. METHODS AND RESULTS Trans-cinnamic acid was applied against the bacteria using the disc diffusion and microdilution method under in vitro conditions. Antibiotics were also tested under similar conditions against all tested bacteria using the disc diffusion method. The results show that among 32 bacterial strains trans-cinnamic acid exhibited potent inhibitory effect on the Gram-negative fish pathogen Aeromonas sobria. In addition, a moderate inhibition of trans-cinnamic acid of fish pathogens Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum, Vibrio crassostreae and Yersinia ruckeri was also observed for trans-cinnamic acid in our study. On the contrary, the majority of nonpathogenic intestinal isolates were resistant to trans-cinnamic acid. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antimicrobial activity of trans-cinnamic acid on 24 of the studied bacteria isolated from fish. In conclusion, trans-cinnamic acid can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative additive to prevent and control primarily A. sobria, as well as other pathogenic bacteria such as A. salmonicida, V. anguillarum, V. crassostreae and Y. ruckeri. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study indicated that trans-cinnamic acid may present an environmentally friendly alternative therapeutic agent against A. sobria infections in the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yilmaz
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - M Sova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Ergün
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Insights into the mechanism of antiproliferative effects of primaquine-cinnamic acid conjugates on MCF-7 cells. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2018; 68:337-348. [PMID: 31259699 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2018-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In our previous paper, we showed that three primaquine-cinnamic acid conjugates composed of primaquine (PQ) residue and cinnamic acid derivatives (CADs) bound directly by an amide linkage (1) or through an acylsemicarbazide spacer (2 and 3) had significant growth inhibitory effects on some cancer cell lines. Compound 1 induced significant growth inhibition in the colorectal adenocarcinoma (SW620), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines, while compounds 2 and 3 selectively inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of action of these PQ-CADs, morphological studies of the effects of test compounds on MCF-7 cells were undertaken using haematoxylin and eosin stain. Further analysis to determine the effects of test compounds on caspase activity and on the levels of apoptosis proteins were undertaken using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Haematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that compounds 1 and 3 induced morphological changes in MCF-7 cells characteristic of apoptosis, while 2-treated cells were in interphase. Cell cycle analysis showed that cells treated with 1 and 3 were in sub-G1, while cells treated with 2 were mainly in interphase (G1 phase). Further, the study showed that the treatment of MCF-7 cells with 1 and 3 resulted in poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage as well as caspase-9 activation, indicating that they induced apoptotic cell death. We further investigated their effects on two important processes during metastasis, namely, migration and invasion. Compounds 1 and 3 inhibited the migration and invasion of MCF-7 cells, while compound 2 had a marginal effect.
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Computational molecular modelling of N-cinnamoyl and hydroxycinnamoyl amides as potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Jeong SH, Jang JH, Ham SH, Yang SJ, Cho HY, Lee YB. Simultaneous UPLC-MS/MS determination of four components of Socheongryong-tang tablet in human plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1095:214-225. [PMID: 30081350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a method for simultaneous analysis of schizandrin, ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid as constituents of Socheongryong-tang tablet in human plasma using UPLC-MS/MS. These four components were separated using water containing 0.01% formic acid and methanol as a mobile phase by gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min with a HALO-C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.7 μm particle size). Quantitation was performed on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer employing electrospray ionization technique operated in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Mass transitions were m/z 432.9 → 384.1 for schizandrin, 165.8 → 148.1 for ephedrine, 525.0 → 449.2 for paeoniflorin, 146.8 → 102.9 for cinnamic acid, and 340.0 → 324.0 for papaverine as internal standard. Liquid-liquid extraction and protein precipitation with ethyl acetate-methanol (1:2, v/v) were used to obtain these four components. Chromatograms showed high resolution, sensitivity, and selectivity without interference by plasma constituents. Calibration curves of schizandrin, ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid in human plasma ranged from 0.02 to 8 ng/mL, 0.5 to 200 ng/mL, 0.2 to 80 ng/mL, and 1 to 400 ng/mL, respectively. Calibration curves of each analyte displayed excellent linearity, with correlation coefficients > 0.99. For all four components, both intra- and inter-day precisions (CV%) were <5.99%. The accuracy was 99.35-103.30% for schizandrin, 98.48-104.38% for ephedrine, 97.06-103.34% for paeoniflorin, and 99.97-104.36% for cinnamic acid. This analytical method developed in this study satisfied the criteria of international guidance. It could be successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of schizandrin, ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid after oral administration of Socheongryong-tang tablet to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Ham
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, 288 Udeuraendeu-gil, Anyang-myeon, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do 59338, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jeong Yang
- College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Shin University, 185 Geonjae-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Young Cho
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bok Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Yılmaz S, Ergün S. Trans-cinnamic acid application for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): I. Effects on haematological, serum biochemical, non-specific immune and head kidney gene expression responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:140-157. [PMID: 29684602 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of dietary trans-cinnamic acid (CA) on pre- and post-challenge haematological, serum biochemical, non-specific immune and head kidney gene expression responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss juveniles. In this regard, fish with an average weight of 17.01 ± 0.05 g were divided into five groups, and fed daily with an additive free basal diet (control); 250, 500, 750 or 1500 mg kg-1 CA for a 60-day period. Fish were sampled every 20 days during the experiment. On days 20, 40 and 60 (the pre-challenge period), the dietary CA especially at 250 and/or 500 mg kg-1 significantly increased blood granulocyte percentage, and serum total protein, globulin, lysozyme and total immunoglobulin values. Furthermore, dietary CA increased activities of phagocytic activity, respiratory burst and potential killing, and increased the expression levels of immune related genes [serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 1, beta (IL-1β), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and immunoglobulin T (IgT)] in the head kidney of fish fed with 250 and/or 500 mg kg-1 CA. Following 60 days of feeding, fish were challenged with Yersinia ruckeri and mortality was recorded for 20 days. Highest percentage survival (%) rate was found in the 250 and/or 500 mg kg-1 CA-supplemented feeding groups. During the post-challenge period, red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (%), respiratory burst activity, and total antiprotease activity increased in fish fed with feed containing 500 mg kg-1 content. Moreover, markedly up-regulated the expression of related genes (SAA, IL-8, IL-1β, TGF-β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IgM) in fish fed 250, 500 and/or 750 mg kg-1 CA. Therefore, feeding O. mykiss for 60 days with dietary CA at 250-500 mg kg-1 CA incorporation levels can be suggested as optimal to enhance the immunity and disease resistance against Y. ruckeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevdan Yılmaz
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey.
| | - Sebahattin Ergün
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey
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Park SM, Lee TH, Zhao R, Kim YS, Jung JY, Park CA, Jegal KH, Ku SK, Kim JK, Lee CW, Kim YW, Cho IJ, An WG, Kim SC. Amelioration of inflammatory responses by Socheongryong-Tang, a traditional herbal medicine, in RAW 264.7 cells and rats. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2771-2783. [PMID: 29436586 PMCID: PMC5846657 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Socheongryong-Tang (SCRT) is a natural medicine prescription that has been mainly used in East Asia for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, including asthma and allergic rhinitis. The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of SCRT on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and in a rat model of carrageenan (CA)-induced paw edema. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the culture supernatant were quantified and nitric oxide (NO) production was monitored. In addition, the effect of SCRT on the protein expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was assessed by western blot analysis. Furthermore, the effects of SCRT on acute inflammation in vivo and changes in the histomorphometry and histopathology of paw skin were observed using CA-treated rats. SCRT (1 mg/ml) inhibited the LPS-induced changes in the protein expression of NF-κB, JNK, ERK1/2, iNOS and COX-2, as well as the production of NO, PGE2 and cytokines. In the rat paw edema assay, administration of 1 g/kg of lyophilized powder obtained from the aqueous extracts of SCRT for 3 consecutive days inhibited the CA-induced increases in skin thickness, mast cell degranulation, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the ventral and dorsal pedis skin within 4 h. These results demonstrated that SCRT exerts its anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators, including PGE2, NO and cytokines, via suppression of the NF-κB and JNK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In addition, the data of the CA-induced paw edema indicated an anti-edema effect of SCRT. SCRT (1 g/kg) reduced acute edematous inflammation through inhibition of mast cell degranulation and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Therefore, the present study provided scientific evidence for the anti-inflammatory activities of SCRT as well as the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Mi Park
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Tae Hoon Lee
- Gyeongsan 38610; Department of Biological Sciences, College of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae 621-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Rongjie Zhao
- Department of Psychopharmacology, School of Mental Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Youn Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine
| | - Ji Yun Jung
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Chung A. Park
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Kyung Hwan Jegal
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Chul Won Lee
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Young Woo Kim
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Il Je Cho
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Won G. An
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center-Globalization of Herbal Formulation, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University
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Díaz-Rodríguez E, Sanz E, Pandiella A. Antitumoral effect of Ocoxin, a natural compound-containing nutritional supplement, in small cell lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:113-123. [PMID: 29658597 PMCID: PMC5958831 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasia and represents the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to this fact, efforts to improve patient survival through the introduction of novel therapies, as well as preventive actions, are urgently required. Considering this scenario, the antitumoral action of the composite formulation Ocoxin® oral solution (OOS), that contains several antitumoral compounds including antioxidants, was tested in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in vitro and in vivo preclinical models. OOS exhibited anti-SCLC action that was both time and dose dependent. In vivo OOS decreased the growth of tumors implanted in mice without showing signs of toxicity. The antitumoral effect was due to inhibition of cell proliferation and increased cell death. Genomic and biochemical analyses indicated that OOS augmented p27 and decreased the functioning of several routes involved in cell proliferation. In addition, OOS caused cell death by activation of caspases. Importantly, OOS favored the action of several standard of care drugs used in the SCLC clinic. Our results suggest that OOS has antitumoral action on SCLC, and could be used to supplement the action of drugs commonly used to treat this type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Díaz-Rodríguez
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology, Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca (CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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