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Zhao S, Zhang Y, Bao S, Jiang L, Li Q, Kong Y, Cao J. A novel HMGA2/MPC-1/mTOR signaling pathway promotes cell growth via facilitating Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 399:111141. [PMID: 38992767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 (MPC1) is localized on mitochondrial outer membrane to mediate the transport of pyruvate from cytosol to mitochondria. It is also well known to act as a tumor suppressor. Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) contamination poses a global challenge due to its high toxicity and carcinogenesis. This research was intended to probe the potential mechanism of MPC1 in the effect of Cr (VI)-induced carcinogenesis. First, Cr (VI)-treatments decreased the expression of MPC1 in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of MPC1 inhibited Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis and migration in A549 cells. Then, high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) protein strongly suppressed the transcription of MPC1 by binding to its promoter, and HMGA2/MPC1 axis played an important role in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), glycolysis and cell migration. Furthermore, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress made a great effect on the interaction between HMGA2 and MPC1. Finally, the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) was determined to mediate MPC1-regulated OXPHOS, aerobic glycolysis and cell migration. Collectively, our data revealed a novel HMGA2/MPC-1/mTOR signaling pathway to promote cell growth via facilitating the metabolism reprogramming from OXPHOS to aerobic glycolysis, which might be a potential therapy for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China; Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, No.18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shibo Bao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
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2
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Zheng X, Pang Y, Hasenbilige, Yang Y, Li Q, Liu Y, Cao J. ATF4-mediated different mode of interaction between autophagy and mTOR determines cell fate dependent on the level of ER stress induced by Cr(VI). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116639. [PMID: 38964069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] exists widely in occupational environments. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been well-documented to regulate autophagy negatively. However, we found that low concentration of Cr(VI) (0.2 μM) elevated both mTOR and autophagy and promote cell survival. Conversely, high concentration of Cr(VI) (6 μM) caused cell death by inhibiting mTOR and subsequently inducing autophagy. Tunicamycin (Tm), as an Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activator was used to induce mild ER stress at 0.1 μg/ml and it activated both autophagy and mTOR, which also caused cell migration in a similar manner to that observed with low concentration of Cr(VI). Severe ER stress caused by Tm (2 μg/ml) decreased mTOR, increased autophagy and then inhibited cell migration, which was the same as 6 μM Cr(VI) treatment, although Cr(VI) in high concentration inhibited ER stress. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), a downstream target of ER stress, only increased under mild ER stress but decreased under severe ER stress and 6 μM Cr(VI) treatment. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiment indicated that ATF4 could bind to the promoter of ATG4B and AKT1. To sum up, our data revealed that mild ER stress induced by low concentration of Cr(VI) could enhance transcriptional regulation of ATG4B and AKT1 by ATF4, which induced both autophagy and mTOR to promote cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116027, China
| | - Yuxin Pang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hasenbilige
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yanqiu Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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3
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Yang Y, Song B, Guo M, Gao J, Jiang L, Li Q, Liu Y, Cao J. p53-dependent HIF-1α /autophagy mediated glycolysis to support Cr(VI)-induced cell growth and cell migration. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116076. [PMID: 38335577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cr(VI) is known to be seriously toxic and carcinogenic. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a crucial regulator to promote tumor development. In this study, we found that Cr(VI) significantly increased the expression of HIF-1α in A549 cells and in lung of BALB/c mice but not in HELF cells. Treatment with Lificiguat (YC-1), HIF-1α inhibitor, or CoCl2, HIF-1α inducer, could alter Cr(VI)-induced autophagy, glycolysis, and cell growth in A549 cells but not in HELF cells, validating the involvement of HIF-1α in these effects of Cr(VI) in A549 cells. Co-treatments of pcATG4B with YC-1, or siATG4B with CoCl2 demonstrated the role of HIF-1α / autophagy axis in inducing glycolysis and cell growth in A549 cells. In HELF cells, however, only autophagy but not HIF-1α played a role in inducing glycolysis. The protein level of p53 was significantly lower in A549 cells than in HELF cells. RITA, a p53 inducer, attenuated Cr(VI)-induced HIF-1α and LC3-II in A549 cells, suggesting that p53 might be the mechanism underlying the different effects of Cr(VI) on HIF-1α in A549 and HELF cells. Thus, p53-dependent HIF-1α / autophagy-mediated glycolysis plays a role in facilitating Cr(VI)-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Minna Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jianfeng Gao
- Department of Surgery, the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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Ma Q, Ye S, Liu H, Zhao Y, Mao Y, Zhang W. HMGA2 promotes cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1320887. [PMID: 38361784 PMCID: PMC10867147 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1320887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex physiological process that transforms polarized epithelial cells into moving mesenchymal cells. Dysfunction of EMT promotes the invasion and metastasis of cancer. The architectural transcription factor high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is highly overexpressed in various types of cancer (e.g., colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, uterine leiomyomas) and significantly correlated with poor survival rates. Evidence indicated that HMGA2 overexpression markedly decreased the expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin (CDH1) and increased that of vimentin (VIM), Snail, N-cadherin (CDH2), and zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) by targeting the transforming growth factor beta/SMAD (TGFβ/SMAD), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and WNT/beta-catenin (WNT/β-catenin) signaling pathways. Furthermore, a new class of non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, circular RNAs, and long non-coding RNAs) plays an essential role in the process of HMGA2-induced metastasis and invasion of cancer by accelerating the EMT process. In this review, we discuss alterations in the expression of HMGA2 in various types of cancer. Furthermore, we highlight the role of HMGA2-induced EMT in promoting tumor growth, migration, and invasion. More importantly, we discuss extensively the mechanism through which HMGA2 regulates the EMT process and invasion in most cancers, including signaling pathways and the interacting RNA signaling axis. Thus, the elucidation of molecular mechanisms that underlie the effects of HMGA2 on cancer invasion and patient survival by mediating EMT may offer new therapeutic methods for preventing cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ma
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sisi Ye
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Liu
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Mao
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Emergency Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Luo S, Zhang C, Gao Z, Jiang L, Li Q, Shi X, Kong Y, Cao J. ER stress-enhanced HMGA2 plays an important role in Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis and inhibited oxidative phosphorylation by targeting the transcription of ATF4. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 369:110293. [PMID: 36473502 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] is a proven human carcinogen which is widely used in steel manufacturing and painting. Here, the involvement of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) in Cr (VI)-mediated glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) was investigated. First, Cr (VI) treatment induced aerobic glycolysis by increasing the expression of GLUT1, HK II, PKM2 and LDHA enzymes, and reduced OXPHOS by decreasing mitochondrial mass, the expression of COX IV and ND1, and increasing Ca2+ content in mitochondria in A549 and HELF cells. And overexpression of HMGA2 induced aerobic glycolysis and decreased OXPHOS. Secondly, using endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) and knockdown of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) gene by siRNA, we demonstrated that ER stress and ATF4 elevation mediated Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis and inhibited OXPHOS. Furthermore, using tunicamycin (Tm), siHMGA2, transfection of HMGA2 and siATF4, we demonstrated that ER stress-enhanced interaction of HMGA2 and ATF4 resulted in Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis and inhibited OXPHOS. Additionally, ChIP assay revealed that HMGA2 protein could directly bind to the promoter sequence of ATF4 gene, which modulated Cr (VI)-induced ATF4 elevation. Finally, in lung tissues of BALB/c mice injected with HMGA2 plasmids, it is verified that HMGA2 involved in regulation of ATF4, glycolysis and OXPHOS in vivo. Combining, our data discovered that ER stress-enhanced the interaction of HMGA2 and ATF4 played an important role in Cr (VI)-mediated glycolysis and OXPHOS. These results imply a root cause for the carcinogenicity of Cr (VI), and could guide development of novel therapeutics for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiang Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Zeyun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, China.
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Bao S, Zhang C, Luo S, Jiang L, Li Q, Kong Y, Cao J. Autophagy induces mTOR-dependent glucose uptake and mTOR-independent lactate utilization in cadmium-treated A549 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 86:105513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Bao S, Zhang C, Luo S, Jiang L, Li Q, Kong Y, Cao J. HMGA2 mediates Cr (VI)-induced metabolic reprogramming through binding to mitochondrial D-Loop region. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 244:114085. [PMID: 36116352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] exists environmentally and occupationally. It has been shown to pose a carcinogenic hazard in certain occupations. This study was to investigate the role of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) in Cr (VI)-induced metabolism reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis in A549 and HELF cells. First, knockdown of HMGA2 by siHMGA2 significantly attenuated Cr (VI)-reduced expression of OXPHOS-related proteins (COX IV and ND1) and mitochondrial mass, indicating that HMGA2 was involved in Cr (VI)-reduced OXPHOS. Overexpression of HMGA2 by transfection of HMGA2-DNA plasmids reduced the expression of COX IV, ND1 and mitochondrial mass, suggesting the negative role of HMGA2 in OXPHOS. Secondly, both CCCP, the inhibitor of mitochondrial function, and the ER stress inhibitor, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), decreased the level of HMGA2, indicating that the interaction of mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress resulted in Cr (VI)-induced HMGA2 expression. Further study demonstrated that ER stress/HMGA2 axis mediated the metabolism rewiring from OXPHOS to aerobic glycolysis. Notably, Cr (VI) induced the accumulation of HMGA2 proteins in mitochondria and ChIP assay demonstrated that HMGA2 proteins could bind to D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which provided the proof for HMGA2-modulating OXPHOS. Taken together, our results suggested that the interaction of mitochondria and ER stress-enhanced HMGA2 played an important role in Cr (VI)-induced metabolic reprogramming from OXPHOS to glycolysis by binding directly to D-loop region of mtDNA. This work informs on the potential mode of action for Cr (VI)-induced tumors and builds on growing evidence regarding the contribution of cellular metabolic disruption contributing to carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Bao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Safety, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shengxiang Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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8
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Dlamini MB, Bao S, Gao Z, Mei J, Ge H, Jiang L, Geng C, Li Q, Shi X, Liu Y, Cao J. Curcumin attenuates Cr (VI)-induced cell growth and migration by targeting autophagy-dependent reprogrammed metabolism. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23193. [PMID: 35924427 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)] is a well-established carcinogen. Cr (VI)-treated cells are phenotypically characterized by aberrant levels of growth and migration. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from the plant turmeric, has been found to possess antiproliferation, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant properties. In this study, the effect of curcumin on Cr (VI)-induced cell survival and migration and the underlying mechanism were investigated. Cell viability assay on A549 and human embryonic lung fibroblast cells showed that curcumin at the concentration of 10 µM could significantly attenuate Cr (VI)-induced viability in both cell lines. Following Western blot assay and metabolomics assays, cotreatment with curcumin and Cr (VI) resulted in the suppression of Cr (VI)-induced glycolysis-, autophagy-, and migration-related proteins. Meanwhile, curcumin increased Cr (VI)-reduced oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-related proteins, COXIV and ND1. Moreover, curcumin suppressed Cr (VI)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial mass decrease, and mitochondrial membrane potential loss. Treatment with curcumin for 24 h significantly attenuated pcATG4B-induced autophagy and the subsequent expression of glucose transporter 1, hexokinase II, and pyruvate kinase M2. Wound healing and transwell assay demonstrated that curcumin reduced Cr (VI)-induced cell migration. Taken together, these results showed that curcumin was able to attenuate Cr (VI)-induced cell viability and migration by targeting autophagy-dependent reprogrammed metabolism from OXPHOS to glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mongameli B Dlamini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shibo Bao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zeyun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Junjie Mei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengyan Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Lab of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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9
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Wang F, Sun N, Zeng H, Gao Y, Zhang N, Zhang W. Selenium Deficiency Leads to Inflammation, Autophagy, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Apoptosis and Contraction Abnormalities via Affecting Intestinal Flora in Intestinal Smooth Muscle of Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:947655. [PMID: 35874733 PMCID: PMC9299101 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient that plays a predominant role in various physiological processes in humans and animals. Long-term lack of Se will lead to many metabolic diseases. Studies have found that chronic Se deficiency can cause chronic diarrhea. The gut flora is closely related to the health of the body. Changes in environmental factors can cause changes in the intestinal flora. Our study found that Se deficiency can disrupt intestinal flora. Through 16s high-throughput sequencing analysis of small intestinal contents of mice, we found that compared with CSe group, the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Ileibacterium in the low selenium group was significantly increased, while Romboutsia abundance was significantly decreased. Histological analysis showed that compared with CSe group, the small intestine tissues of the LSe group had obvious pathological changes. We examined mRNA expression levels in the small intestine associated with inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junctions, and smooth muscle contraction. The mRNA levels of NF-κB, IκB, p38, IL-1β, TNF-α, Beclin, ATG7, ATG5, LC3α, BaK, Pum, Caspase-3, RIP1, RIPK3, PERK, IRE1, elF2α, GRP78, CHOP2, ZO-1, ZO-2, Occludin, E-cadherin, CaM, MLC, MLCK, Rho, and RhoA in the LSe group were significantly increased. The mRNA levels of IL-10, p62 BcL-2 and BcL-w were significantly decreased in the LSe group compared with the CSe group. These results suggest that changes in the abundance of Lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, ileum, and Romboutsia may be associated with cellular inflammation, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, tight junction, and abnormal smooth muscle contraction. Intestinal flora may play an important role in chronic diarrhea caused by selenium deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Naisheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Liu K, Cui Y, Li H, Qi C, Cheng G, Gao X, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Liu J. Hydrogen-Rich Medium Regulates Cr(VI)-Induced ER Stress and Autophagy Signaling in DF-1 Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2329-2337. [PMID: 34327609 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Related studies have shown that chromium (Cr) is toxic to cells, and hydrogen can protect cells by regulating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. However, there are few reports on the protective effects of hydrogen on heavy metal-induced cell damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the protection of hydrogen-rich medium (HRM) on Cr(VI)-induced ER stress and autophagy in DF-1 cells. Therefore, HRM were pretreated for 30 min before Cr(VI) treatment, and detected the autophagy and ER stress-related indicators to determine the role of HRM. The results showed that HRM could reduce the cell damage caused by Cr(VI), and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) could protect cells by inhibiting over autophagy. HRM can reverse the changes of ER stress- and autophagy-related indexes caused by Cr(VI), and inhibit the excessive autophagy caused by Cr(VI). In conclusion, HRM can protect cells from damage induced by Cr(VI), and play a role by inhibiting ER stress-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yukun Cui
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Central Hospital of Tai'an City, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Changxi Qi
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Guodong Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuanglong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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11
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Mei J, Dlamini MB, Gao Z, Jiang L, Li Q, Geng C, Shi X, Liu Y, Kong Y, Cao J. A requirement for autophagy in HMGA2-induced metabolic reprogramming to support Cd-induced migration. Toxicology 2021; 462:152928. [PMID: 34481905 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) is closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of tumors. But the mechanism is unclear. Metabolic reprogramming is a dominant way to meet anabolic and energy requirements of tumor cells for their survival, growth and proliferation. Here, we investigated the role of metabolic reprogramming from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis mediated by HMGA2/autophagy axis in cadmium (Cd, CdCl2)-induced migration. First, we found that Cd induced glycolysis and reduced OXPHOS in vivo (0.5 and 1 mg/kg, i.p. or 0.8 and 1.6 μM, i.t.) and in vitro (2 μM in A549 cells and 0.05 μM in HELF cells). Then, genetic knockdown of HMGA2 restored Cd-reduced mitochondrial mass and OXPHOS and inhibited Cd-increased glycolysis, indicating that HMGA2 was involved in Cd-induced metabolic reprogramming. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2DG, 5 mM), the inhibitor of glycolysis decreased Cd/HMGA2-induced cell migration and restored Cd/HMGA2-decreased OXPHOS and mitochondrial mass. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-Methyladenine (3MA, 3 mM) elucidated an essential role of autophagy in HMGA2-induced glycolysis, migration, and HMGA2-reduced OXPHOS. Overall, our study demonstrated that autophagy was required for HMGA2-mediated metabolic reprogramming, which was critical for Cd-induced migration. Targeting HMGA2 and autophagy-dependent reprogrammed metabolism may be an effective way to inhibit Cd-induced cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Mei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Mongameli B Dlamini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zeyun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chengyan Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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12
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Dlamini MB, Gao Z, Jiang L, Geng C, Li Q, Shi X, Liu Y, Cao J. The crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress promoted ATF4-mediated mitophagy induced by hexavalent chromium. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1162-1172. [PMID: 33650752 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) compounds are markedly toxic and carcinogenic. Previously, we found that Cr (VI) induced autophagy in A549 cells. Here, the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on inducing mitophagy was investigated in both A549 and H1299 cells. Exposure to Cr (VI) for 6 h significantly enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Transmission electron microscopy showed that Cr (VI) induced mitochondrial morphological changes, such as, mitochondrial swelling and vacuolization. The elevated expression of GRP78 and p-PERK suggested that Cr (VI) resulted in ER stress. Both mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress played an important role in Cr (VI)-induced mitophagy, as the mitochondrial function inhibitor, carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) induced PINK1 and PARK2 and increased the expression of GRP78 and p-PERK while the levels of Cr (VI)-induced PINK1, PARK2, LC3-II were reduced after ER stress inhibitor, phenylbutyric acid (4PBA) pretreatment. When A549 cells were treated with CCCP and 4-PBA simultaneously, CCCP-induced expressions of PINK1, PARK2 and LC3-II decreased significantly compared with that of only CCCP-treated cells, indicating that there was a crosstalk between mitochondria and ER in inducing mitophagy. Additionally, the crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress modulated the expression of Cr (VI)-induced ATF4, which resulted in mitophagy. Collectively, our data demonstrated that Cr (VI)-induced mitophagy mediated by ATF4 via the crosstalk between ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mongameli B Dlamini
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zeyun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengyan Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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13
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Zhang X, Deng HW, Shen H, Ehrlich M. Prioritization of Osteoporosis-Associated Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Using Epigenomics and Transcriptomics. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10481. [PMID: 33977200 PMCID: PMC8101624 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic risk factors for osteoporosis, a prevalent disease associated with aging, have been examined in many genome-wide association studies (GWASs). A major challenge is to prioritize transcription-regulatory GWAS-derived variants that are likely to be functional. Given the critical role of epigenetics in gene regulation, we have used an unusual epigenetics-based and transcription-based approach to identify some of the credible regulatory single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) relevant to osteoporosis from 38 reported bone mineral density (BMD) GWASs. Using Roadmap databases, we prioritized SNPs based upon their overlap with strong enhancer or promoter chromatin preferentially in osteoblasts relative to 12 heterologous cell culture types. We also required that these SNPs overlap open chromatin (Deoxyribonuclease I [DNaseI]-hypersensitive sites) and DNA sequences predicted to bind to osteoblast-relevant transcription factors in an allele-specific manner. From >50,000 GWAS-derived SNPs, we identified 14 novel and credible regulatory SNPs (Tier-1 SNPs) for osteoporosis risk. Their associated genes, BICC1, LGR4, DAAM2, NPR3, or HMGA2, are involved in osteoblastogenesis or bone homeostasis and regulate cell signaling or enhancer function. Four of these genes are preferentially expressed in osteoblasts. BICC1, LGR4, and DAAM2 play important roles in canonical Wnt signaling, a pathway critical for bone formation and repair. The transcription factors predicted to bind to the Tier-1 SNP-containing DNA sequences also have bone-related functions. We present evidence that some of the Tier-1 SNPs exert their effects on BMD risk indirectly through little-studied long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) genes, which may, in turn, control the nearby bone-related protein-encoding gene. Our study illustrates a method to identify novel BMD-related causal regulatory SNPs for future study and to prioritize candidate regulatory GWAS-derived SNPs, in general. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA
| | - Melanie Ehrlich
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA USA.,Tulane Cancer Center and Hayward Genetics Center Tulane University New Orleans LA USA
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14
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Wang Y, Wang X, Wang L, Cheng G, Zhang M, Xing Y, Zhao X, Liu Y, Liu J. Mitophagy Induced by Mitochondrial Function Damage in Chicken Kidney Exposed to Cr(VI). Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:703-711. [PMID: 32440992 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02176-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cr(VI) is a heavy metal environmental pollutant and carcinogen. Excessive Cr(VI) exposure injures kidneys. This study aimed to investigate mitophagy induced by mitochondrial function damage in chicken kidney exposed to Cr(VI). To explore the mechanism involved, we randomly divided 40 one-day-old Hy-line Brown cockerels into four groups, with each group exposed to different concentrations of Cr(VI), i.e., 0, 10, 30 and 50 mg kg-1, which were orally administered daily for 45 days. Excessive Cr(VI) increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1(CXCL1) expression and decreased Ca2+-adenosine triphosphatase (Ca2+-ATPase), Mg2+-ATPase and Na+/k+-ATPase activities in chicken kidney. Furthermore, Cr(VI) significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse and typical autophagosome formation. With the increase of Cr(VI) concentration, the Parkin translocation, value of LC3-II increased and decreased the content of p62/SQSTM1 and the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20). In summary, our findings explicated that mitochondrial function damage and mitophagy-related indicators were related to Cr(VI) concentration in chicken kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaozhou Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Lumei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Guodong Cheng
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Meihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxiao Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taiàn, 271018, Shandong, China.
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15
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Wang X, Wang J, Wu J. Emerging roles for HMGA2 in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100894. [PMID: 33069103 PMCID: PMC7563012 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
HMGA2 (High Mobility Group AT-hook 2) has been reported to promote colorectal cancer (CRC) development by regulating the transcription of target genes. It participates in nearly all aspects of cellular processes, including cell transformation, proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, metastasis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), DNA repair and stem cell self-renewal. In the past decades, a group of downstream targets and binding partners have been identified in a wide range of cancers. Our findings of HMGA2 as a key factor in the MDM2/p53, IL11/STAT3 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways prompt us to summarize current advances in the functional and molecular basis of HMGA2 in CRC. In this review, we address the roles of HMGA2 in the oncogenic networks of CRC based on recent advances. We review its aberrant expression, explore underlying mechanisms, discuss its pro-tumorigenic effects, and highlight promising small-molecule inhibitors based on targeting HMGA2 here. However, the understanding of HMGA2 in CRC progression is still elusive, thus we also discuss the future perspectives in this review. Collectively, this review provides novel insights into the oncogenic properties of HMGA2, which has potential implications in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. HMGA2 promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) development by regulating the transcriptions of target genes. Circulating cell-free HMGA2 mRNA has been identified as a potential screening marker in CRC. HMGA2 appears to be a key factor in the networks of MDM2/p53, IL11/STAT3 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in CRC. Many agents and siRNAs serve as potential therapeutic approaches by targeting HMGA2 for the treatment of CRC. Deciphering HMGA2-mediated machinery helps to conceive effective therapy strategies and develop novel inhibitors in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, Department of Colorectal Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Sun Y, Chen H, Ye H, Liang W, Lam KK, Cheng B, Lu Y, Jiang C. Nudt21-mediated alternative polyadenylation of HMGA2 3'-UTR impairs stemness of human tendon stem cell. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18436-18452. [PMID: 32979259 PMCID: PMC7585117 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Tendon-derived stem cells (TSCs) play a primary role in tendon physiology, pathology, as well as tendon repair and regeneration after injury. TSCs are often exposed to mechanical loading-related cellular stresses such as oxidative stress, resulting in loss of stemness and multipotent differentiation potential. Cytoprotective autophagy has previously been identified as an important mechanism to protect human TSCs (hTSCs) from oxidative stress induced impairments. In this study, we found that high-mobility AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) overexpression protects hTSCs against H2O2-induced loss of stemness through autophagy activation. Evidentially, H2O2 treatment increases the expression of Nudt21, a protein critical to polyadenylation site selection in alternative polyadenylation (APA) of mRNA transcripts. This leads to increased cleavage and polyadenylation of HMGA2 3'-UTR at the distal site, resulting in increased HMGA2 silencing by the microRNA let-7 and reduced HMGA2 expression. In conclusion, Nudt21-regulated APA of HMGA2 3'-UTR and subsequent HMGA2 downregulation mediates oxidative stress induced hTSC impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangbai Sun
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun-kuan Lam
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University Hospital of Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Biao Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Department of Radiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Lu Wan Branch, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Chaoyin Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Haikou Orthopedic and Diabetes Hospital of Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Hainan 570300, China
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17
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Gao Z, Mei J, Yan X, Jiang L, Geng C, Li Q, Shi X, Liu Y, Cao J. Cr (VI) induced mitophagy via the interaction of HMGA2 and PARK2. Toxicol Lett 2020; 333:261-268. [PMID: 32866567 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) (VI) is a proven toxin, mutagen and carcinogen. Here, the role of high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) mediating Cr (VI)-induced mitophagy was investigated. Cr (VI)-treatment caused the formation of double membrane autophagic vesicles (AVs) engulfing mitochondria and increased the expression of PINK1, PARK2, LC3 as well as HMGA2 particularly in mitochondria in A549 cells. Silencing of HMGA2 by siRNA decreased expression of PINK1, PARK2 and LC3 II especially in mitochondria, while over-expression of HMGA2 increased the expression of them in A549 cells. It indicated that HMGA2 played a critical role in Cr (VI)-induced mitophagy. Most importantly, the results of co-immunoprecipitation showed for the first time that HMGA2 could bind to PARK2 in mitochondria to activate the mitophagy pathway. In BALB/c mice, Cr (VI) increased the expression of PINK1 and PARK2 in lung tissues. Furthermore, over-expression of HMGA2 in BALB/c mice by transfection of plasmid HMGA2 significantly increased the levels of PINK1, PARK2 and LC3 II in lung tissues. Collectively, our data demonstrated that HMGA2 plays an important role in Cr (VI)-induced mitophagy through direct interaction with PARK2 in A549 cells and lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyun Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Junjie Mei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaona Yan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chengyan Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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18
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Liu B, Chen G, He Q, Liu M, Gao K, Cai B, Qu J, Lin S, Geng A, Li S, Wang K, Mao Z, Wan X, Yan Q. An HMGA2-p62-ERα axis regulates uterine leiomyomas proliferation. FASEB J 2020; 34:10966-10983. [PMID: 32592217 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000520r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (ULM) are a major public health issue contributing to high morbidity and poor pregnancy outcomes. However, its molecular pathogenesis is poorly understood. HMGA2-ULM is the second major subtype of human ULM and associates with large sizes, fast-growth, and high percentages of estrogen receptor α (ERα). As altered ERα expression plays a distinct role in ULM growth, here, we investigate a regulatory mechanism driving ULM growth via HMGA2 and ERα. We reveal a positive correlation of HMGA2 with ERα protein and demonstrate that HMGA2 promotes ULM cells proliferation via ERα. In addition, autophagy pathway and p62/SQSTM1 (a selective autophagy receptor) are found to participate in the regulation of HMGA2 and ERα. Moreover, HMGA2 suppresses the transcription of p62 by binding to its promoter, meanwhile, p62 interacts with ERα, and inhibition of p62 increases ERα expression and enhances cell viability in ULM, suggesting a novel mechanism of the HMGA2-p62-ERα axis in ULM proliferation. Notably, rapamycin, a familiar autophagy agonist, reduces ERα levels and the proliferation ability of ULM cells. This study demonstrates a causal role of the HMGA2-p62-ERα axis in preventing autophagy and increasing ERα expression in HMGA2-ULM. Therefore, blocking HMGA2-p62-ERα axis and targeting autophagy pathway establish a roadmap toward HMGA2-ULM medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binya Liu
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofang Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qizhi He
- Department of Pathology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhao Liu
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bailian Cai
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Qu
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaojian Lin
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anke Geng
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuangdi Li
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Gynecology of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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19
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Wang Y, Hao J, Zhang S, Li L, Wang R, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Liu J. Inflammatory injury and mitophagy induced by Cr(VI) in chicken liver. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22980-22988. [PMID: 32329004 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cr(VI) is a widely used chemical. Excessive Cr(VI) exposure not only causes inflammatory damage but also induces mitophagy. This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of Cr(VI) on inflammatory injury and mitophagy in chicken liver. A total of 120 Hyland Brown cockerels (1 day old) were randomly divided into four groups and orally treated with different Cr(VI) doses (10% median lethal dose, 6% median lethal dose, 2% median lethal dose, and 0% median lethal dose) daily for 45 days to explore the underlying mechanism. Results showed that excessive Cr(VI) increased tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and heat shock protein but decreased interferon-γ expression and adenosine triphosphate content in chicken liver. Cr(VI) significantly increased reactive oxygen species production, induced mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and promoted autophagosome formation. Cr(VI) treatment also caused an increase in LC3-II, stimulated Parkin translocation, and inhibited the expression of p62/SQSTM1 and translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20. Therefore, excessive Cr(VI) caused inflammatory damage and mitophagy in chicken liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jiajia Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Liping Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Run Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yiran Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- Research Center for Animal Disease Control Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Jianzhu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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20
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Yin F, Yan J, Zhao Y, Guo KJ, Zhang ZL, Li AP, Meng CY, Guo L. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells repair Cr (VI)- injured kidney by regulating mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and mitophagy mediated via the MAPK signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 176:234-241. [PMID: 30939403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the repair effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on injured kidneys caused by hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)). Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0.4 mg/kg•bw Cr (VI) ion solution. After 30 days, 1 × 107 BMSCs were transplanted into rats. After cell transplantation for 2 weeks, there was no significant difference in the chromium content between the model and BMSCs-therapy group by atomic absorption spectrometry. In BMSCs-therapy group, the renal organ index, the serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE), malonaldehyde (MDA) content were significantly decreased, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly elevated, and the pathological changes were improved compared with the model group. The results of immunohistochemical and western blot assays showed that the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Cytochrome c, and Caspase-3, as well as autophagy-associated proteins Beclin 1, PINK1, Parkin, p-Parkin, LC3B, and the MAPK signaling pathway, including the ratio of p-p38 to p38 and p-JNK to JNK were all significantly decreased, Bcl-2 and p62 expressions, and the ratio of p-ERK to ERK were significantly elevated in BMSCs-therapy group compared with the model group. These results suggested that BMSCs repaired Cr (VI)-injured kidney through decreasing mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and mitophagy mediated by downregulating phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, upregulating phosphorylation of ERK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Ke-Jun Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhi-Li Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - An-Pei Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Chun-Yang Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Comparative Assessment of Antitumor Effects and Autophagy Induction as a Resistance Mechanism by Cytotoxics and EZH2 Inhibition in INI1-Negative Epithelioid Sarcoma Patient-Derived Xenograft. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071015. [PMID: 31331120 PMCID: PMC6678245 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare mesenchymal malignancy marked by SMARCB1/INI1 deficiency. Retrospective clinical data report on the activity of anthracycline- and gemcitabine-based regimens. EZH2 inhibitors are currently being tested in clinical trials. Since comparisons of these agents are unlikely to be prospectively evaluated in the clinics, we took advantage of an INI1-deficient proximal-type ES patient-derived xenograft (PDX ES-1) to comparatively assess its preclinical antitumor activity. Mice were treated with doxorubicin and ifosfamide, singly or in combination, gemcitabine, and the EZH2 inhibitor EPZ-011989. Comparable antitumor activity (max tumor volume inhibition: ~90%) was caused by gemcitabine, EPZ-011989, and the doxorubicin-ifosfamide combination. The integration of RNAseq data, generated on tumors obtained from untreated and EPZ-011989-treated mice, and results from functional studies, carried out on the PDX-derived ES-1 cell line, revealed autophagy induction as a possible survival mechanism in residual tumor cells following EPZ-011989 treatment and identified HMGA2 as a main player in this process. Our data support the clinical use of gemcitabine and the doxorubicin-ifosfamide combination, confirm EZH2 as a therapeutic target in proximal-type ES, and suggest autophagy as a cytoprotective mechanism against EZH2 inhibition.
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22
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Yang K, Guo W, Ren T, Huang Y, Han Y, Zhang H, Zhang J. Knockdown of HMGA2 regulates the level of autophagy via interactions between MSI2 and Beclin1 to inhibit NF1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:185. [PMID: 31053152 PMCID: PMC6500071 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs) are sarcomas of Schwann cell lineage origin that occur sporadically or in association with the inherited syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This study aimed to examine the function of High mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) in NF1 MPNST progression and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect HMGA2 expression in MPNST and neurofibroma patient samples. Cell Cycle Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-20-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labelling, and transmission electron microscopy were performed to reveal HMGA2 functions in NF1 MPNST cells in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) were used to detect HMGA2-modulated genes regulating autophagy and growth in NF1 MPNSTs in vitro and in vivo. Results NF1 MPNST samples exhibit higher HMGA2 positivity rates (13/16) than sporadic MPNST (16/41) and neurofibroma (0/7) patient samples. High HMGA2 expression is correlated with poor prognosis. Neurofibromin 1 (NF1)-deficient MPNST cells display elevated HMGA2 expression. Functional experiments revealed that HMGA2 knockdown inhibits NF1 MPNST cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In addition to promoting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, HMGA2 knockdown inhibits autophagy, favouring cell death. RNA-Seq and ChIP-Seq revealed that HMGA2 directly activates the Musashi-2 (MSI2) promoter region, and MSI2 overexpression reverses autophagy and growth in shHMGA2-transfected cells. MSI2 interacts with Beclin1, and Beclin1 blockade inhibits autophagy, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. Conclusions HMGA2 knockdown regulates autophagy via MSI2-Beclin1 interactions to inhibit NF1 MPNST growth, revealing potential therapeutic targets for these untreatable tumours. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1183-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Han
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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23
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Sun J, Qiao Y, Song T, Wang H. MiR‑495 suppresses cell proliferation by directly targeting HMGA2 in lung cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1463-1470. [PMID: 30569167 PMCID: PMC6390076 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of microRNA-495 (miR-495) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cells, as well as its function on the proliferation of lung cancer cells. The expression of miR-495 in 122 pairs of NSCLC tissues and matched paracarcinoma tissues, as well as in human lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460, H1650, H520 and SK-MES-1) and the normal human pulmonary bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE was determined using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). As predicted by bioinformatics analysis, high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) may be a potential target gene of miR-495. In addition, the regulatory function of miR-495 on its target gene HMGA2 was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR and western blotting. Furthermore, the effect of miR-495 on the proliferation of A549 lung cancer cells was investigated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The results demonstrated that the expression of miR-495 in NSCLC tissues and cells was significantly downregulated compared with the control. In addition, downregulated expression of miR-495 was associated with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and tumor, node and metastasis staging. Additionally, a dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-495 could directly associated with the 3′-untranslated region of HMGA2. Upregulated expression of miR-495 significantly downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of HMGA2 in A549 cells. Furthermore, the results of CCK-8 assay revealed that upregulated expression of miR-495 significantly suppressed the proliferation of A549 cells; HMGA2 overexpression reversed this inhibition. In summary, the findings of the present study demonstrated that miR-495 was downregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. In addition, miR-495 suppressed the proliferation of lung cancer cells by directly targeting HMGA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Qiao
- Department of Hematology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Haiwen Wang
- Department of Cardio‑Thoracic Surgery, Weihai Central Hospital, Weihai, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
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24
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Wang Y, Hu L, Wang J, Li X, Sahengbieke S, Wu J, Lai M. HMGA2 promotes intestinal tumorigenesis by facilitating MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53. J Pathol 2018; 246:508-518. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- Department of Pathology; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang PR China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Lin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences; Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology; Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang PR China
| | - Xiangwei Li
- Department of Pathology; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang PR China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Sana Sahengbieke
- Department of Pathology; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang PR China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Pathology; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang PR China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Maode Lai
- Department of Pathology; Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Hangzhou Zhejiang PR China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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Ge H, Li Z, Jiang L, Li Q, Geng C, Yao X, Shi X, Liu Y, Cao J. Cr (VI) induces crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy through endoplasmic reticulum stress in A549 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 298:35-42. [PMID: 30416085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr (VI)], which is widely found in occupational environments, is a recognized human carcinogen. In this study, the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in Cr (VI)-induced crosstalk of apoptosis and autophagy was investigated. Cr (VI) resulted in ER stress by upregulating the expression of GRP78 and p-PERK. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4PBA), an inhibitor of ER stress, reduced both Cr (VI)-induced apoptosis and autophagy, suggesting that ER stress played an important role in Cr (VI)-induced apoptosis and autophagy in A549 cells. Furthermore, Cr (VI)-induced apoptosis preceded autophagy. Z-VAD-FMK, the suppressor of apoptosis, repressed Cr (VI)-induced autophagy. Pretreatment with 3-MA, the inhibitor of autophagy, increased Cr (VI)-induced apoptosis. Exposure to Cr (VI) significantly reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) during Cr (VI) treatment for 6-12 h. However, Cr (VI)-reduced MMP rescued significantly after treatment with Cr (VI) for 24 h compared with that of 6 h and 12 h groups, suggesting that Cr (VI)-induced autophagy at 24 h might rescue Cr (VI)-induced decrease of MMP through engulfing damaged mitochondria and then inhibit apoptosis in A549 cells. Above all, our results indicated that Cr (VI)-induced ER stress plays an important role in the crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy. The autophagy might be apoptosis-dependent and subsequently prevents apoptosis cell death to keep A549 cells resistant to Cr (VI)-induced further toxicity. This maybe underlies the mechanism of Cr (VI)-induced carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ge
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Zhiguo Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiujuan Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chengyan Geng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaoxia Shi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China.
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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