1
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Xiong G, Obringer B, Jones A, Horton E, Xu R. Regulation of RORα Stability through PRMT5-Dependent Symmetric Dimethylation. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1914. [PMID: 38791992 PMCID: PMC11120602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα), a candidate tumor suppressor, is prevalently downregulated or lost in malignant breast cancer cells. However, the mechanisms of how RORα expression is regulated in breast epithelial cells remain incompletely understood. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a type II methyltransferase catalyzing the symmetric methylation of the amino acid arginine in target proteins, was reported to regulate protein stability. To study whether and how PRMT5 regulates RORα, we examined the direct interaction between RORα and PRMT5 by immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays. The results showed that PRMT5 directly bound to RORα, and PRMT5 mainly symmetrically dimethylated the DNA-binding domain (DBD) but not the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of RORα. To investigate whether RORα protein stability is regulated by PRMT5, we transfected HEK293FT cells with RORα and PRMT5-expressing or PRMT5-silencing (shPRMT5) vectors and then examined RORα protein stability by a cycloheximide chase assay. The results showed that PRMT5 increased RORα protein stability, while silencing PRMT5 accelerated RORα protein degradation. In PRMT5-silenced mammary epithelial cells, RORα protein expression was decreased, accompanied by an enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition morphology and cell invasion and migration abilities. In PRMT5-overexpressed mammary epithelial cells, RORα protein was accumulated, and cell invasion was suppressed. These findings revealed a novel mechanism by which PRMT5 regulates RORα protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Xiong
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Brynne Obringer
- College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.O.); (A.J.)
| | - Austen Jones
- College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (B.O.); (A.J.)
| | - Elise Horton
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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2
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Zhou Z, Chen Z, Zhou Q, Meng S, Shi J, Mui S, Jiang H, Lin J, He G, Li W, Zhang J, Wang J, He C, Yan Y, Xiao Z. SMYD4 monomethylates PRMT5 and forms a positive feedback loop to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1587-1601. [PMID: 38438251 PMCID: PMC11093212 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Both lysine and arginine methyltransferases are thought to be promising therapeutic targets for malignant tumors, yet how these methyltransferases function in malignant tumors, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has not been fully elucidated. Here, we reported that SMYD4, a lysine methyltransferase, acts as an oncogene in HCC. SMYD4 was highly upregulated in HCC and promoted HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, PRMT5, a well-known arginine methyltransferase, was identified as a SMYD4-binding protein. SMYD4 monomethylated PRMT5 and enhanced the interaction between PRMT5 and MEP50, thereby promoting the symmetrical dimethylation of H3R2 and H4R3 on the PRMT5 target gene promoter and subsequently activating DVL3 expression and inhibiting expression of E-cadherin, RBL2, and miR-29b-1-5p. Moreover, miR-29b-1-5p was found to inversely regulate SMYD4 expression in HCC cells, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Furthermore, we found that the oncogenic effect of SMYD4 could be effectively suppressed by PRMT5 inhibitor in vitro and in vivo. Clinically, high coexpression of SMYD4 and PRMT5 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. In summary, our study provides a model of crosstalk between lysine and arginine methyltransferases in HCC and highlights the SMYD4-PRMT5 axis as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongChina
| | - Qianlei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shiyu Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Juanyi Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sintim Mui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hai Jiang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Jianhong Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Gui He
- Cellular & Molecular Diagnostics Center, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenbin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Pancreaticobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuanchao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yongcong Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiyu Xiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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3
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Zheng K, Chen S, Ren Z, Wang Y. Protein arginine methylation in viral infection and antiviral immunity. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5292-5318. [PMID: 37928266 PMCID: PMC10620831 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.89498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT)-mediated arginine methylation is an important post-transcriptional modification that regulates various cellular processes including epigenetic gene regulation, genome stability maintenance, RNA metabolism, and stress-responsive signal transduction. The varying substrates and biological functions of arginine methylation in cancer and neurological diseases have been extensively discussed, providing a rationale for targeting PRMTs in clinical applications. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated an interplay between arginine methylation and viral infections. PRMTs have been found to methylate and regulate several host cell proteins and different functional types of viral proteins, such as viral capsids, mRNA exporters, transcription factors, and latency regulators. This modulation affects their activity, subcellular localization, protein-nucleic acid and protein-protein interactions, ultimately impacting their roles in various virus-associated processes. In this review, we discuss the classification, structure, and regulation of PRMTs and their pleiotropic biological functions through the methylation of histones and non-histones. Additionally, we summarize the broad spectrum of PRMT substrates and explore their intricate effects on various viral infection processes and antiviral innate immunity. Thus, comprehending the regulation of arginine methylation provides a critical foundation for understanding the pathogenesis of viral diseases and uncovering opportunities for antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Technology Research on Natural Products and Cosmetics Raw Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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4
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Noureddine LM, Ablain J, Surmieliova-Garnès A, Jacquemetton J, Pham TH, Marangoni E, Schnitzler A, Bieche I, Badran B, Trédan O, Hussein N, Le Romancer M, Poulard C. PRMT5 triggers glucocorticoid-induced cell migration in triple-negative breast cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302009. [PMID: 37536978 PMCID: PMC10400884 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are the most aggressive breast cancers, and therapeutic options mainly rely on chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Although synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are given to alleviate the side effects of these treatments, GCs and their receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), were recently associated with detrimental effects, albeit the mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here, we identified the arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 as a master coregulator of GR, serving as a scaffold protein to recruit phospho-HP1γ and subsequently RNA polymerase II, independently of its methyltransferase activity. Moreover, the GR/PRMT5/HP1γ complex regulated the transcription of GC-target genes involved in cell motility and triggering cell migration of human TNBC cells in vitro and in a zebrafish model. Of note, we observed that GR/PRMT5 interaction was low in primary tumors but significantly increased in residual tumors treated with chemotherapy and GCs in neoadjuvant setting. These data suggest that the routine premedication prescription of GCs for early TNBC patients should be further assessed and that this complex could potentially be modulated to specifically target deleterious GR effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Malik Noureddine
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Julien Ablain
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ausra Surmieliova-Garnès
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Jacquemetton
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thuy Ha Pham
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Institut Curie, Translational Research Department, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | - Ivan Bieche
- Institut Curie, Department of Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Bassam Badran
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre Leon Bérard, Oncology Department, Lyon, France
| | - Nader Hussein
- Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences I, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
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5
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Poulard C, Ha Pham T, Drouet Y, Jacquemetton J, Surmielova A, Kassem L, Mery B, Lasset C, Reboulet J, Treilleux I, Marangoni E, Trédan O, Le Romancer M. Nuclear PRMT5 is a biomarker of sensitivity to tamoxifen in ERα + breast cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e17248. [PMID: 37458145 PMCID: PMC10405064 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202217248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapies targeting estrogen signaling, such as tamoxifen, have significantly improved management of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive breast cancers. However, their efficacy is limited by intrinsic and acquired resistance to treatment, and there is currently no predictive marker of response to these anti-estrogens to guide treatment decision. Here, using two independent cohorts of breast cancer patients, we identified nuclear PRMT5 expression as an independent predictive marker of sensitivity to tamoxifen. Mechanistically, we discovered that tamoxifen stimulates ERα methylation by PRMT5, a key event for its binding to corepressors such as SMRT and HDAC1, participating in the inhibition of the transcriptional activity of ERα. Although PRMT5 is mainly localized in the cytoplasm of tumor cells, our analyses show that tamoxifen triggers its nuclear translocation in tamoxifen-sensitive tumors but not in resistant ones. Hence, we unveil a biomarker of sensitivity to tamoxifen in ERα-positive breast tumors that could be used to enhance the response of breast cancer patients to endocrine therapy, by fostering its nuclear expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Poulard
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Thuy Ha Pham
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Youenn Drouet
- Département Prévention et Santé PubliqueCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Julien Jacquemetton
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Ausra Surmielova
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
| | - Loay Kassem
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Benoite Mery
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- Oncology DepartmentCentre Leon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Christine Lasset
- Département Prévention et Santé PubliqueCentre Léon BérardLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR 5558 LBBEUniversité de LyonVilleurbanneFrance
| | | | - Isabelle Treilleux
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- Pathology DepartmentCentre Leon BérardLyonFrance
| | | | - Olivier Trédan
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- Oncology DepartmentCentre Leon BérardLyonFrance
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de LyonLyonFrance
- Inserm U1052Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
- CNRS UMR5286Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de LyonLyonFrance
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6
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Zheng Y, Ji H, Yi W, Chen Z, Hu X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zheng X. PRMT5 facilitates angiogenesis and EMT via HIF-1α/VEGFR/Akt signaling axis in lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:6163-6178. [PMID: 37400960 PMCID: PMC10373979 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal angiogenesis is a critical factor in tumor growth and metastasis, and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), a prominent type II enzyme, is implicated in various human cancers. However, the precise role of PRMT5 in regulating angiogenesis to promote lung cancer cell metastasis and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we show that PRMT5 is overexpressed in lung cancer cells and tissues, and its expression is triggered by hypoxia. Moreover, inhibiting or silencing PRMT5 disrupts the phosphorylation of the VEGFR/Akt/eNOS angiogenic signaling pathway, NOS activity, and NO production. Additionally, inhibiting PRMT5 activity reduces HIF-1α expression and stability, resulting in the down-regulation of the VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that PRMT5 promotes lung cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which might be possibly through controlling the HIF-1α/VEGFR/Akt/eNOS signaling axis. Our study provides compelling evidence of the close association between PRMT5 and angiogenesis/EMT and highlights the potential of targeting PRMT5 activity as a promising therapeutic approach for treating lung cancer with abnormal angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huaxia Ji
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wulin Yi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhanjun Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobiao Hu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Dapartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Emergency, The 8th People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China
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7
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Tan G, Liu B. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of LKB1 expression in gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8937. [PMID: 37264076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36239-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies report Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) plays a critical role in gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between LKB1 and the clinicopathological parameters of GC patients remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the above question and re-evaluate the prognostic significance of LKB1 in GC patients. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wan Fang to identify relevant studies published before April 20, 2023. After careful screening, 11 studies involving 1767 patients were included. We found that LKB1 expression was significantly related to tumor size (OR 0.515; 95% CI 0.316-0.839; P < 0.01), differentiation (OR 0.643; 95% CI 0.521-0.794; P < 0.001), depth of invasion (OR 0.397; 95% CI 0.319-0.494; P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (OR 0.487; 95% CI 0.397-0.598; P = 0.01), and TNM stage (OR 0.362; 95% CI 0.293-0.447; P = 0.006). However, LKB1 was unrelated to gender and age (P > 0.05). Moreover, low LKB1 expression was significant correlate with overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.29-1.96; P < 0.001). In conclusion, LKB1 expression is related to tumor size, differentiation, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage, and low LKB1 expression can predict a poor prognosis. LKB1 is a potentially valuable prognosis signature and therapeutic target in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojiang Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Baiying Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
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8
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Liu L, Yin S, Gan W. TRAF6 Promotes PRMT5 Activity in a Ubiquitination-Dependent Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2501. [PMID: 37173967 PMCID: PMC10177089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is the primary enzyme generating symmetric dimethylarginine (sDMA) on numerous substrates, through which it regulates many cellular processes, such as transcription and DNA repair. Aberrant expression and activation of PRMT5 is frequently observed in various human cancers and associated with poor prognosis and survival. However, the regulatory mechanisms of PRMT5 remain poorly understood. Here, we report that TRAF6 serves as an upstream E3 ubiquitin ligase to promote PRMT5 ubiquitination and activation. We find that TRAF6 catalyzes K63-linked ubiquitination of PRMT5 and interacts with PRMT5 in a TRAF6-binding-motif-dependent manner. Moreover, we identify six lysine residues located at the N-terminus as the primarily ubiquitinated sites. Disruption of TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination decreases PRMT5 methyltransferase activity towards H4R3 in part by impairing PRMT5 interaction with its co-factor MEP50. As a result, mutating the TRAF6-binding motifs or the six lysine residues significantly suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth. Lastly, we show that TRAF6 inhibitor enhances cellular sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibitor. Therefore, our study reveals a critical regulatory mechanism of PRMT5 in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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9
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Discovery of cysteine-targeting covalent histone methyltransferase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 246:115028. [PMID: 36528996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational methylation of histone lysine or arginine residues by histone methyltransferases (HMTs) plays crucial roles in gene regulation and diverse physiological processes and is implicated in a plethora of human diseases, especially cancer. Therefore, histone methyltransferases have been increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets. Consequently, the discovery and development of histone methyltransferase inhibitors have been pursued with steadily increasing interest over the past decade. However, the disadvantages of limited clinical efficacy, moderate selectivity, and propensity for acquired resistance have hindered the development of HMTs inhibitors. Targeted covalent modification represents a proven strategy for kinase drug development and has gained increasing attention in HMTs drug discovery. In this review, we focus on the discovery, characterization, and biological applications of covalent inhibitors for HMTs with emphasis on advancements in the field. In addition, we identify the challenges and future directions in this fast-growing research area of drug discovery.
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10
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Börzsei R, Bayarsaikhan B, Zsidó BZ, Lontay B, Hetényi C. The Structural Effects of Phosphorylation of Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 on Its Binding to Histone H4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911316. [PMID: 36232624 PMCID: PMC9569665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) enzyme is responsible for arginine methylation on various proteins, including histone H4. PRMT5 is a promising drug target, playing a role in the pathomechanism of several diseases, especially in the progression of certain types of cancer. It was recently proved that the phosphorylation of PRMT5 on T80 residue increases its methyltransferase activity; furthermore, elevated levels of the enzyme were measured in the case of human hepatocellular carcinoma and other types of tumours. In this study, we constructed the complexes of the unmodified human PRMT5-methylosome protein 50 (MEP50) structure and its T80-phosphorylated variant in complex with the full-length histone H4 peptide. The full-length histone H4 was built in situ into the human PRMT5-MEP50 enzyme using experimental H4 fragments. Extensive molecular dynamic simulations and structure and energy analyses were performed for the complexed and apo protein partners, as well. Our results provided an atomic level explanation for two important experimental findings: (1) the increased methyltransferase activity of the phosphorylated PRMT5 when compared to the unmodified type; (2) the PRMT5 methylates only the free form of histone H4 not bound in the nucleosome. The atomic level complex structure H4-PRMT5-MEP50 will help the design of new inhibitors and in uncovering further structure–function relationships of PRMT enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Börzsei
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre & Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bayartsetseg Bayarsaikhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balázs Zoltán Zsidó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre & Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Beáta Lontay
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Hetényi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- János Szentágothai Research Centre & Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Advances in Biomarkers and Endogenous Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192941. [PMID: 36230903 PMCID: PMC9562239 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers. Even if breast cancer patients initially respond to treatment, developed resistance can lead to a poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a group of undifferentiated cells with self-renewal and multipotent differentiation characteristics. Existing evidence has shown that CSCs are one of the determinants that contribute to the heterogeneity of primary tumors. The emergence of CSCs causes tumor recurrence, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Previous studies indicated that different stemness-associated surface markers can identify other breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) subpopulations. Deciphering the critical signaling networks that are involved in the induction and maintenance of stemness is essential to develop novel BCSC-targeting strategies. In this review, we reviewed the biomarkers of BCSCs, critical regulators of BCSCs, and the signaling networks that regulate the stemness of BCSCs.
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Suresh S, Huard S, Brisson A, Némati F, Dakroub R, Poulard C, Ye M, Martel E, Reyes C, Silvestre DC, Meseure D, Nicolas A, Gentien D, Fayyad-Kazan H, Le Romancer M, Decaudin D, Roman-Roman S, Dubois T. PRMT1 Regulates EGFR and Wnt Signaling Pathways and Is a Promising Target for Combinatorial Treatment of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020306. [PMID: 35053470 PMCID: PMC8774276 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) respond well to chemotherapy initially but are prone to relapse. Searching for new therapeutic targets, we found that PRMT1 is highly expressed in TNBC tumor samples and is essential for breast cancer cell survival. Furthermore, this study proposes that targeting PRMT1 in combination with chemotherapies could improve the survival outcome of TNBC patients. Abstract Identifying new therapeutic strategies for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients is a priority as these patients are highly prone to relapse after chemotherapy. Here, we found that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is highly expressed in all breast cancer subtypes. PRMT1 depletion decreases cell survival by inducing DNA damage and apoptosis in various breast cancer cell lines. Transcriptomic analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that PRMT1 regulates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the Wnt signaling pathways, reported to be activated in TNBC. PRMT1 enzymatic activity is also required to stimulate the canonical Wnt pathway. Type I PRMT inhibitors decrease breast cancer cell proliferation and show anti-tumor activity in a TNBC xenograft model. These inhibitors display synergistic interactions with some chemotherapies used to treat TNBC patients as well as erlotinib, an EGFR inhibitor. Therefore, targeting PRMT1 in combination with these chemotherapies may improve existing treatments for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyuktha Suresh
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Solène Huard
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Amélie Brisson
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Fariba Némati
- Pre-Clinical Investigation Laboratory, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (F.N.); (D.D.)
| | - Rayan Dakroub
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut 1003, Lebanon;
| | - Coralie Poulard
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; (C.P.); (M.L.R.)
| | - Mengliang Ye
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Elise Martel
- Platform of Experimental Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie-Hospital, 75005 Paris, France; (E.M.); (D.M.); (A.N.)
| | - Cécile Reyes
- Genomics Core Facility, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (C.R.); (D.G.)
| | - David C. Silvestre
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
| | - Didier Meseure
- Platform of Experimental Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie-Hospital, 75005 Paris, France; (E.M.); (D.M.); (A.N.)
| | - André Nicolas
- Platform of Experimental Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine, Institut Curie-Hospital, 75005 Paris, France; (E.M.); (D.M.); (A.N.)
| | - David Gentien
- Genomics Core Facility, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (C.R.); (D.G.)
| | - Hussein Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut 1003, Lebanon;
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; (C.P.); (M.L.R.)
| | - Didier Decaudin
- Pre-Clinical Investigation Laboratory, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (F.N.); (D.D.)
| | - Sergio Roman-Roman
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France;
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Breast Cancer Biology Group, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie-PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France; (S.S.); (S.H.); (A.B.); (R.D.); (M.Y.); (D.C.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-56246250
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Lin C, Lin X, Lin K, Tan J, Wei C, Liu T. LKB1 expression and the prognosis of lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27841. [PMID: 34797317 PMCID: PMC8601288 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past few decades, many lines of evidence implicate the importance of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) as a tumor suppressor gene in the development and progression of solid tumours. However, the prognostic and clinicopathological value of LKB1 in patients with lung cancer are controversial. This article aimed to investigate the latest evidence on this question. METHODS A systematic literature searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, Scopus until September 20, 2020. The association between overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS), clinicopathological features and LKB1 were analysed by meta-analysis. RESULTS Eleven studies including 1507 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results revealed that low LKB1 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.07-2.60, P = .024) in lung cancer. However, no association was found between LKB1 expression and DFS/PFS (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.70-2.39, P = .410). Pooled results showed that low LKB1 expression was associated with histological differentiation (poor vs moderate or well, OR = 4.135, 95% CI:2.524-6.774, P < .001), nodal metastasis (absent vs present, OR = 0.503, 95% CI: 0.303-0.835, P = .008) and smoking (yes vs no, OR = 1.765, 95% CI: 1.120-2.782, P = .014). CONCLUSION These results suggest that low expression of LKB1 can be considered as a unfavorable prognostic biomarker for human lung cancer, which should be further researched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxuan Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochun Lin
- Department of Medical Examination Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Kunpeng Lin
- Department of Abdominal Oncosurgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jialiang Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Chenggong Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Taisheng Liu
- Department of Abdominal Oncosurgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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14
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PRMT5: An Emerging Target for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205136. [PMID: 34680285 PMCID: PMC8534199 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The burden of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) increases with rising incidence, yet 5-year overall survival remains poor at 17%. Routine comprehensive genomic profiling of PDAC only finds 2.5% of patients who may benefit and receive matched targeted therapy. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as an anti-cancer target has gained significant interest in recent years and high levels of PRMT5 protein are associated with worse survival outcomes across multiple cancer types. Inhibition of PRMT5 in pre-clinical models can lead to cancer growth inhibition. However, PRMT5 is involved in multiple cellular processes, thus determining its mechanism of action is challenging. While past reviews on PRMT5 have focused on its role in diverse cellular processes and past research studies have focused mainly on haematological malignancies and glioblastoma, this review provides an overview of the possible biological mechanisms of action of PRMT5 inhibition and its potential as a treatment in pancreatic cancer. Abstract The overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poor and its incidence is rising. Targetable mutations in PDAC are rare, thus novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) overexpression is associated with worse survival and inhibition of PRMT5 results in decreased cancer growth across multiple cancers, including PDAC. Emerging evidence also suggests that altered RNA processing is a driver in PDAC tumorigenesis and creates a partial dependency on this process. PRMT5 inhibition induces altered splicing and this vulnerability can be exploited as a novel therapeutic approach. Three possible biological pathways underpinning the action of PRMT5 inhibitors are discussed; c-Myc regulation appears central to its action in the PDAC setting. Whilst homozygous MTAP deletion and symmetrical dimethylation levels are associated with increased sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibition, neither measure robustly predicts its growth inhibitory response. The immunomodulatory effect of PRMT5 inhibitors on the tumour microenvironment will also be discussed, based on emerging evidence that PDAC stroma has a significant bearing on disease behaviour and response to therapy. Lastly, with the above caveats in mind, current knowledge gaps and the implications and rationales for PRMT5 inhibitor development in PDAC will be explored.
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Motolani A, Martin M, Sun M, Lu T. The Structure and Functions of PRMT5 in Human Diseases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101074. [PMID: 34685445 PMCID: PMC8539453 DOI: 10.3390/life11101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and the resolution of its structure, an increasing number of papers have investigated and delineated the structural and functional role of PRMT5 in diseased conditions. PRMT5 is a type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes symmetric dimethylation marks on histones and non-histone proteins. From gene regulation to human development, PRMT5 is involved in many vital biological functions in humans. The role of PRMT5 in various cancers is particularly well-documented, and investigations into the development of better PRMT5 inhibitors to promote tumor regression are ongoing. Notably, emerging studies have demonstrated the pathological contribution of PRMT5 in the progression of inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, more research in this direction is needed. Herein, we critically review the position of PRMT5 in current literature, including its structure, mechanism of action, regulation, physiological and pathological relevance, and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishat Motolani
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthew Martin
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Mengyao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (A.M.); (M.M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-278-0520
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Chen YR, Li HN, Zhang LJ, Zhang C, He JG. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation and Metastasis via LKB1/AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:645375. [PMID: 34124017 PMCID: PMC8193860 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.645375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the eighth most common cancer in the world. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme that catalyzes symmetric and asymmetric methylation on arginine residues of histone and non-histone proteins, is overexpressed in many cancers. However, whether or not PRMT5 participates in the regulation of ESCC remains largely unclear. Methods: PRMT5 mRNA and protein expression in ESCC tissues and cell lines were examined by RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry assays. Cell proliferation was examined by RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry assays, MTT, and EdU assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were examined by RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry assays, and flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were examined by RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry assays, and wound-healing and transwell assays. Tumor volume, tumors, and mouse weight were measured in different groups. Lung tissues with metastatic foci, the number of nodules, and lung/total weight were measured in different groups. Results: In the present study, the PRMT5 expression level was dramatically upregulated in ESCC clinical tissues as well as ESCC cell lines (ECA109 and KYSE150). Furthermore, knocking down PRMT5 obviously suppressed cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and cell arrest in G1 phase and promoted cell apoptosis in ESCC cells. Meanwhile, downregulating PRMT5 also increased the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9, while expression levels of Bax-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, and p21 were decreased, which are members of the cyclin-dependent kinase family. Furthermore, knocking down PRMT5 could increase the expression of LKB1 and the phosphorylation (p)-AMPK expression and decrease the p-mTOR level. Additionally, overexpression of LKB1 could reveal anti-tumor effects in ESCC cell lines by inhibiting ESCC cell, migration, invasion, and proliferation and accelerating cell apoptosis. Besides, upregulating LKB1 expression could increase the levels of Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 and weaken the levels of Bax-2, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Moreover, knocking down PRMT5 could weaken the tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo with upregulating the LKB1 expression and the p-AMPK level and downregulating the p-mTOR expression. Conclusion: PRMT5 may act as a tumor-inducing agent in ESCC by modulating LKB1/AMPK/mTOR pathway signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ru Chen
- Department of Oncology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Hua-Ni Li
- Department of Oncology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Lian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Magnetic Resonance Room, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Jin-Guang He
- Department of Oncology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
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Sloan SL, Renaldo KA, Long M, Chung JH, Courtney LE, Shilo K, Youssef Y, Schlotter S, Brown F, Klamer BG, Zhang X, Yilmaz AS, Ozer HG, Valli VE, Vaddi K, Scherle P, Alinari L, Kisseberth WC, Baiocchi RA. Validation of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a candidate therapeutic target in the spontaneous canine model of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250839. [PMID: 33989303 PMCID: PMC8121334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a heterogeneous group of blood cancers arising in lymphoid tissues that commonly effects both humans and dogs. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme that catalyzes the symmetric di-methylation of arginine residues, is frequently overexpressed and dysregulated in both human solid and hematologic malignancies. In human lymphoma, PRMT5 is a known driver of malignant transformation and oncogenesis, however, the expression and role of PRMT5 in canine lymphoma has not been explored. To explore canine lymphoma as a useful comparison to human lymphoma while validating PRMT5 as a rational therapeutic target in both, we characterized expression patterns of PRMT5 in canine lymphoma tissue microarrays, primary lymphoid biopsies, and canine lymphoma-derived cell lines. The inhibition of PRMT5 led to growth suppression and induction of apoptosis, while selectively decreasing global marks of symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and histone H4 arginine 3 symmetric dimethylation. We performed ATAC-sequencing and gene expression microarrays with pathway enrichment analysis to characterize genome-wide changes in chromatin accessibility and whole-transcriptome changes in canine lymphoma cells lines upon PRMT5 inhibition. This work validates PRMT5 as a promising therapeutic target for canine lymphoma and supports the continued use of the spontaneously occurring canine lymphoma model for the preclinical development of PRMT5 inhibitors for the treatment of human NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L. Sloan
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kyle A. Renaldo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mackenzie Long
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ji-Hyun Chung
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lindsay E. Courtney
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Konstantin Shilo
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sarah Schlotter
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Fiona Brown
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Brett G. Klamer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ayse S. Yilmaz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hatice G. Ozer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Victor E. Valli
- VDx Veterinary Diagnostics, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Kris Vaddi
- Prelude Therapeutics, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Peggy Scherle
- Prelude Therapeutics, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - William C. Kisseberth
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WCK); (RAB)
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WCK); (RAB)
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Jurado M, Castaño Ó, Zorzano A. Stochastic modulation evidences a transitory EGF-Ras-ERK MAPK activity induced by PRMT5. Comput Biol Med 2021; 133:104339. [PMID: 33910125 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway involves a three-step cascade of kinases that transduce signals and promote processes such as cell growth, development, and apoptosis. An aberrant response of this pathway is related to the proliferation of cell diseases and tumors. By using simulation modeling, we document that the protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) modulates the MAPK pathway and thus avoids an aberrant behavior. PRMT5 methylates the Raf kinase, reducing its catalytic activity and thereby, reducing the activation of ERK in time and amplitude. Two minimal computational models of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-Ras-ERK MAPK pathway influenced by PRMT5 were proposed: a first model in which PRMT5 is activated by EGF and a second one in which PRMT5 is stimulated by the cascade response. The reported results show that PRMT5 reduces the time duration and the expression of the activated ERK in both cases, but only in the first model PRMT5 limits the EGF range that generates an ERK activation. Based on our data, we propose the protein PRMT5 as a regulatory factor to develop strategies to fight against an excessive activity of the MAPK pathway, which could be of use in chronic diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Jurado
- Biotechnology Ph.D. Programme, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar Castaño
- Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain; Bioelectronics Unit and Nanobioengineering Lab., Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology of the University of Barcelona (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Wang Y, Yang L, Yang Y, Li Y. Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) Regulates Proliferation and Apoptosis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells via Targeting ERK Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:65-74. [PMID: 33442295 PMCID: PMC7800458 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s282417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the effect and potential mechanism of LKB1 on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Material and Methods A549 cells were divided into control group, LKB1 negative control (NC) group, LKB1 group, ERK inhibitor group and LKB1 + ERK activator group. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Transwell assay was used to analyze the invasion ability of A549 cells. The expression of apoptosis and ERK signaling pathway-related proteins were studied by Western blot. Furthermore, a nude mouse xenograft model was constructed and treated with LKB1, ERK inhibitor and activator, respectively. The tumor volume and tumor weight were measured. Immunohistochemistry was used to test the expression of Ki-67 protein in tumor tissues, and TUNEL staining was used to test the apoptosis. Moreover, Western blot was used to detect ERK signaling pathway-related proteins in tumor tissues. Results Compared with control and NC groups, cell proliferation and invasion were inhibited in ERK inhibitor and LKB1 groups, while apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins were increased (p < 0.05). Further study showed that ERK activator can reverse the effect of LKB1 in A549 cells. In nude mice, ERK inhibitor and LKB1 can reduce cell tumorigenicity and inhibit proliferation. Apoptosis was increased by ERK inhibitor and LKB1 treatment. Western blot showed that LKB1 and ERK inhibitor could reduce the protein expression of p-ERK1/2. However, the indicators above were the opposite in the ERK activator group. Conclusion LKB1 overexpression can inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of NSCLC A549 cells, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Jinan 250013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
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20
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Sapir T, Shifteh D, Pahmer M, Goel S, Maitra R. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and the ERK1/2 & PI3K Pathways: A Case for PRMT5 Inhibition and Combination Therapies in Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:388-394. [PMID: 33288733 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ERK1/2 (RAS, RAF, MEK, ERK) and PI3K (PI3K, AKT, mTOR, PTEN) pathways are the chief signaling pathways for cellular proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Overactivation and hyperphosphorylation of the ERK1/2 & PI3K pathways is frequently observed in cancer and is associated with poor patient prognosis. While it is well known that genetic alterations lead to the dysregulation of the ERK1/2 & PI3K pathways, increasing evidence showcase that epigenetic alterations also play a major role in the regulation of the ERK1/2 & PI3K pathways. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a posttranslational modifier for multiple cellular processes, which is currently being tested as a therapeutic target for cancer. PRMT5 has been shown to be overexpressed in many types of cancers, as well as negatively correlated with patient survival. Numerous studies are indicating that as a posttranslational modifier, PRMT5 is extensively involved in regulating the ERK1/2 & PI3K pathways. In addition, a large number of in vitro and in vivo studies are demonstrating that PRMT5 inhibition, as well as PRMT5 and ERK1/2 & PI3K combination therapies, show significant therapeutic effects in many cancer types. In this review, we explore the vast interactions that PRMT5 has with the ERK1/2 & PI3K pathways, and we make the case for further testing of PRMT5 inhibition, as well as PRMT5 and ERK1/2 & PI3K combination therapies, for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzuriel Sapir
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva College, Yeshiva University, New York, New York
| | - David Shifteh
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva College, Yeshiva University, New York, New York
| | - Moshe Pahmer
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva College, Yeshiva University, New York, New York
| | - Sanjay Goel
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Radhashree Maitra
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva College, Yeshiva University, New York, New York.
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21
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Liu X, He J, Mao L, Zhang Y, Cui W, Duan S, Jiang A, Gao Y, Sang Y, Huang G. EPZ015666, a selective protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitor with an antitumour effect in retinoblastoma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 202:108286. [PMID: 33035554 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignant tumour in infants, and chemotherapy has been the primary therapy method in recent years. PRMT5 is an important member of the protein arginine methyltransferase family, which plays an important role in various tumours. Our study showed that PRMT5 was overexpressed in retinoblastoma and played an important role in retinoblastoma cell growth. EPZ015666 is a novel PRMT5 inhibitor, and we found that it inhibited retinoblastoma cell proliferation and led to cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. At the same time, EPZ015666 regulated cell cycle related protein (P53, P21, P27, CDK2) expression. In brief, our study showed that PRMT5 promoted retinoblastoma growth, the PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 inhibited retinoblastoma in vitro by regulating P53-P21/P27-CDK2 signaling pathways and slowed retinoblastoma growth in a xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - JianZhong He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Pingxiang City, Pingxiang City, 337055, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Longbing Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - WenWen Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujuan Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Alan Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Sang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Liu N, Yang R, Shi Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Wang Z, Liu S, Ouyang L, Wang H, Lai W, Mao C, Wang M, Cheng Y, Liu S, Wang X, Zhou H, Cao Y, Xiao D, Tao Y. The cross-talk between methylation and phosphorylation in lymphoid-specific helicase drives cancer stem-like properties. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:197. [PMID: 32994405 PMCID: PMC7524730 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00249-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, including chromatin modifiers, play crucial roles in the dynamic alteration of various protein properties and functions including stem-cell properties. However, the roles of Lymphoid-specific helicase (LSH), a DNA methylation modifier, in modulating stem-like properties in cancer are still not clearly clarified. Therefore, exploring PTMs modulation of LSH activity will be of great significance to further understand the function and activity of LSH. Here, we demonstrate that LSH is capable to undergo PTMs, including methylation and phosphorylation. The arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 can methylate LSH at R309 residue, meanwhile, LSH could as well be phosphorylated by MAPK1 kinase at S503 residue. We further show that the accumulation of phosphorylation of LSH at S503 site exhibits downregulation of LSH methylation at R309 residue, which eventually promoting stem-like properties in lung cancer. Whereas, phosphorylation-deficient LSH S503A mutant promotes the accumulation of LSH methylation at R309 residue and attenuates stem-like properties, indicating the critical roles of LSH PTMs in modulating stem-like properties. Thus, our study highlights the importance of the crosstalk between LSH PTMs in determining its activity and function in lung cancer stem-cell maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Liu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zuli Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lianlian Ouyang
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weiwei Lai
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao Mao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine; Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Material Medical, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, 201203, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Desheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Xiangya Hospital; Central South University, 410078, Hunan, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis (Central South University), Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, 410078, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine; Hunan Key Laboratory of Early Diagnosis and Precision Therapy in Lung Cancer, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, China.
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23
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Yi M, Ma Y, Chen Y, Liu C, Wang Q, Deng H. Glutathionylation Decreases Methyltransferase Activity of PRMT5 and Inhibits Cell Proliferation. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1910-1920. [PMID: 32868396 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathionylation is an important posttranslational modification that protects proteins from further oxidative damage as well as influencing protein structure and activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that the cysteine-42 residue in protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is glutathionylated in aged mice or in cells that have been exposed to oxidative stress. Deglutathionylation of this protein is catalyzed by glutaredoxin-1 (Grx1). Using mutagenesis and subsequent biochemical analyses, we show that glutathionylation decreased the binding affinity of PRMT5 with methylosome protein-50 (MEP50) and reduced the methyltransferase activity of PRMT5. Furthermore, overexpression of PRMT5-C42A mutant caused a significant increase in histone methylation in HEK293T and A549 cells and promoted cell growth, whereas overexpression of the PRMT5-C42D mutant, a mimic of glutathionylated PRMT5, inhibited cell proliferation. Taken together, our results demonstrate a new mechanism of regulation of PRMT5 methyltransferases activity and suggest that PRMT5 glutathionylation is partly responsible for reactive oxygen species-mediated cell growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Yi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic Biology, School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic Biology, School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Beijing, China
| | - Chongdong Liu
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingtao Wang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Center for Synthetic and Systematic Biology, School of Life Sciences, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Beijing, China.
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24
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Abe Y, Tanaka N. Fine-Tuning of GLI Activity through Arginine Methylation: Its Mechanisms and Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091973. [PMID: 32859041 PMCID: PMC7565022 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) family consists of GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3 in mammals. This family has important roles in development and homeostasis. To achieve these roles, the GLI family has widespread outputs. GLI activity is therefore strictly regulated at multiple levels, including via post-translational modifications for context-dependent GLI target gene expression. The protein arginine methyl transferase (PRMT) family is also associated with embryogenesis, homeostasis, and cancer mainly via epigenetic modifications. In the PRMT family, PRMT1, PRMT5, and PRMT7 reportedly regulate GLI1 and GLI2 activity. PRMT1 methylates GLI1 to upregulate its activity and target gene expression. Cytoplasmic PRMT5 methylates GLI1 and promotes GLI1 protein stabilization. Conversely, nucleic PRMT5 interacts with MENIN to suppress growth arrest-specific protein 1 expression, which assists Hedgehog ligand binding to Patched, indirectly resulting in downregulated GLI1 activity. PRMT7-mediated GLI2 methylation upregulates its activity through the dissociation of GLI2 and Suppressor of Fused. Together, PRMT1, PRMT5, and PRMT7 regulate GLI activity at multiple revels. Furthermore, the GLI and PRMT families have strong links with various cancers through cancer stem cell maintenance. Therefore, PRMT-mediated regulation of GLI activity would have important roles in cancer stem cell maintenance.
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25
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Abstract
Protein methyl transferases play critical roles in numerous regulatory pathways that underlie cancer development, progression and therapy-response. Here we discuss the function of PRMT5, a member of the nine-member PRMT family, in controlling oncogenic processes including tumor intrinsic, as well as extrinsic microenvironmental signaling pathways. We discuss PRMT5 effect on histone methylation and methylation of regulatory proteins including those involved in RNA splicing, cell cycle, cell death and metabolic signaling. In all, we highlight the importance of PRMT5 regulation and function in cancer, which provide the foundation for therapeutic modalities targeting PRMT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungsoo Kim
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ze'ev A Ronai
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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26
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Hartley AV, Lu T. Modulating the modulators: regulation of protein arginine methyltransferases by post-translational modifications. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1735-1743. [PMID: 32629172 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of targeting protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is inextricably linked to their key roles in various cellular functions, including splicing, proliferation, cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and DNA damage signaling. Unsurprisingly, the development of inhibitors against these enzymes has become a rapidly expanding research area. However, effective targeting of PRMTs requires a deeper understanding of the mechanistic details behind their regulation at multiple levels, involving those mechanisms that alter their activity, interactions, and localization. Recently, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of PRMTs have emerged as another crucial aspect of this regulation. Here, we review the regulatory role of PTMs in the activity and function of PRMTs, with emphasis on the contribution of these PTMs to pathological states, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antja-Voy Hartley
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Medicine, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 975 W. Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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27
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Ge L, Wang H, Xu X, Zhou Z, He J, Peng W, Du F, Zhang Y, Gong A, Xu M. PRMT5 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via EGFR-β-catenin axis in pancreatic cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:1969-1979. [PMID: 31851779 PMCID: PMC6991680 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) has been implicated in the development and progression of human cancers. However, few studies reveal its role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells. In this study, we find that PRMT5 is up-regulated in pancreatic cancer, and promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in pancreatic cancer cells, and promotes tumorigenesis. Silencing PRMT5 induces epithelial marker E-cadherin expression and down-regulates expression of mesenchymal markers including Vimentin, collagen I and β-catenin in PaTu8988 and SW1990 cells, whereas ectopic PRMT5 re-expression partially reverses these changes, indicating that PRMT5 promotes EMT in pancreatic cancer. More importantly, we find that PRMT5 knockdown decreases the phosphorylation level of EGFR at Y1068 and Y1172 and its downstream p-AKT and p-GSK3β, and then results in down-regulation of β-catenin. Expectedly, ectopic PRMT5 re-expression also reverses the above changes. It is suggested that PRMT5 promotes EMT probably via EGFR/AKT/β-catenin pathway. Taken together, our study demonstrates that PRMT5 plays oncogenic roles in the growth of pancreatic cancer cell and provides a potential candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ge
- Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
- Department of GastroenterologyDanyang People's HospitalZhenjiangChina
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Zhengrong Zhou
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Junbo He
- Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Wanxin Peng
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Fengyi Du
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Youli Zhang
- Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Aihua Gong
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of MedicineJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Min Xu
- Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
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28
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Jarrold J, Davies CC. PRMTs and Arginine Methylation: Cancer's Best-Kept Secret? Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:993-1009. [PMID: 31230909 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins is vital for increasing proteome diversity and maintaining cellular homeostasis. If the writing, reading, and removal of modifications are not controlled, cancer can develop. Arginine methylation is an understudied modification that is increasingly associated with cancer progression. Consequently protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), the writers of arginine methylation, have rapidly gained interest as novel drug targets. However, for clinical success a deep mechanistic understanding of the biology of PRMTs is required. In this review we focus on advances made regarding the role of PRMTs in stem cell biology, epigenetics, splicing, immune surveillance and the DNA damage response, and highlight the rapid rise of specific inhibitors that are now in clinical trials for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Jarrold
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Clare C Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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29
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Duan R, Ryu HY, Ahn SH. Symmetric dimethylation on histone H4R3 associates with histone deacetylation to maintain properly polarized cell growth. Res Microbiol 2019; 171:91-98. [PMID: 31574302 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Yeast Hsl7 is recognized as a homolog of human arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and shows type II PRMT activity by forming symmetric dimethylarginine residues on histones. Previously, we reported that Hsl7 is responsible for in vivo symmetric dimethylation on histone H4 arginine 3 (H4R3me2s) in a transcriptionally repressed state, possibly in association with histone deacetylation by Rpd3. Here, we investigated the function of Hsl7 during cell cycle progression. We found that the accumulation of Hsl7-mediated H4R3me2s is maintained by the histone deacetylase Rpd3 during transcriptional repression and that the low level of H4R3me2s is required for proper asymmetric cell growth during cell division. Our results suggest that the hypoacetylated state of histones is connected to the function of Hsl7 in regulating properly polarized cell growth during cell division and provide new insight into the epigenetic modifications that are important for cell cycle morphogenesis checkpoint control based on the repressive histone crosstalk between symmetric arginine methylation of H4 and histone deacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxin Duan
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Yeoul Ryu
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Ahn
- Department of Molecular and Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
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30
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The regulation, functions and clinical relevance of arginine methylation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2019; 20:642-657. [PMID: 31350521 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-019-0155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Methylation of arginine residues by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) is involved in the regulation of fundamental cellular processes, including transcription, RNA processing, signal transduction cascades, the DNA damage response and liquid-liquid phase separation. Recent studies have provided considerable advances in the development of experimental tools and the identification of clinically relevant PRMT inhibitors. In this review, we discuss the regulation of PRMTs, their various cellular roles and the clinical relevance of PRMT inhibitors for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.
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31
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He L, Wu MZ, Wang XB, Qiu XS, Wang EH, Wu GP. Tumor Suppressor LKB1 inhibits both the mRNA Expression and the Amplification of hTERC by the Phosphorylation of YAP in Lung Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:3632-3638. [PMID: 31333780 PMCID: PMC6636284 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a critical tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated in human cancers. LKB1 has serine/threonine protein kinase activity, which regulates gene expression by phosphorylation of Yes-Associated protein (YAP). The phosphorylation-dependent YAP shuttling is critically important intracellular mechanism in the Hippo pathway. In our previous study, we found that the amplification of hTERC was significant higher in the bronchial brushing cells of patients with lung cancer, however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, we showed that LKB1 overexpression could phosphorylate YAP and promoted its nuclear rejection. Silencing LKB1 could dephosphorylate YAP and promoted its entry into the nucleus. Here, we found that LKB1 inhibited the mRNA expression and the amplification of hTERC. YAP further up-regulated hTERC at mRNA and gene amplification levels. Therefore, we suggest that LKB1 may inhibit the expression and amplification of hTERC through the axis of LKB1-pYAP(YAP)-hTERC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xu-Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou City Hospital of TCM, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Xue-Shan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Guang-Ping Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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32
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Lattouf H, Poulard C, Le Romancer M. PRMT5 prognostic value in cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3151-3153. [PMID: 31139329 PMCID: PMC6516714 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the methylation of arginine residues on both histones and non-histone proteins. PRMT5, a member of the PRMT family, is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers and its activity is associated with cell transformation. Moreover, its expression is associated with a decrease in patient survival in several cancers, a rationale for developing highly potent inhibitors of its enzymatic activity. However, most studies do not take into account the subcellular localization of PRMT5, which can modify its properties. Indeed, our team recently showed that PRMT5 nuclear expression is associated with prolonged survival. These results corroborated findings in prostate cancer, in which the nuclear fraction of PRMT5 was responsible for inhibiting cell growth, while the cytoplasmic fraction promoted cell growth. In conclusion, this criterion should be evaluated prior to administering PRMT5 inhibitors, which may have adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Lattouf
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Lebanese University, EDST (Molecular Tumor-genesis and Anticancer Pharmacology), Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Coralie Poulard
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- INSERM U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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33
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Vinet M, Suresh S, Maire V, Monchecourt C, Némati F, Lesage L, Pierre F, Ye M, Lescure A, Brisson A, Meseure D, Nicolas A, Rigaill G, Marangoni E, Del Nery E, Roman-Roman S, Dubois T. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5: A novel therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancers. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2414-2428. [PMID: 30957988 PMCID: PMC6537044 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TNBC is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer subtype associated with high relapse rates, and for which no targeted therapy yet exists. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme which catalyzes the methylation of arginines on histone and non‐histone proteins, has recently emerged as a putative target for cancer therapy. Potent and specific PRMT5 inhibitors have been developed, but the therapeutic efficacy of PRMT5 targeting in TNBC has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we examine the expression of PRMT5 in a human breast cancer cohort obtained from the Institut Curie, and evaluate the therapeutic potential of pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 in TNBC. We find that PRMT5 mRNA and protein are expressed at comparable levels in TNBC, luminal breast tumors, and healthy mammary tissues. However, immunohistochemistry analyses reveal that PRMT5 is differentially localized in TNBC compared to other breast cancer subtypes and to normal breast tissues. PRMT5 is heterogeneously expressed in TNBC and high PRMT5 expression correlates with poor prognosis within this breast cancer subtype. Using the small‐molecule inhibitor EPZ015666, we show that PRMT5 inhibition impairs cell proliferation in a subset of TNBC cell lines. PRMT5 inhibition triggers apoptosis, regulates cell cycle progression and decreases mammosphere formation. Furthermore, EPZ015666 administration to a patient‐derived xenograft model of TNBC significantly deters tumor progression. Finally, we reveal potentiation between EGFR and PRMT5 targeting, suggestive of a beneficial combination therapy. Our findings highlight a distinctive subcellular localization of PRMT5 in TNBC, and uphold PRMT5 targeting, alone or in combination, as a relevant treatment strategy for a subset of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Vinet
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Samyuktha Suresh
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Maire
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Clarisse Monchecourt
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fariba Némati
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Preclinical Investigation Laboratory, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Lesage
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Pierre
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Mengliang Ye
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Auriane Lescure
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Brisson
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Didier Meseure
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - André Nicolas
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Guillem Rigaill
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), UMR 9213, UMR1403, CNRS, INRA, Université Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne, Paris-Cité, Orsay, France.,Laboratoire de Mathématiques et Modélisation d'Evry (LaMME), Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, UMR CNRS 8071, ENSIIE, USC INRA, Evry, France
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Preclinical Investigation Laboratory, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Elaine Del Nery
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sergio Roman-Roman
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Dubois
- Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Breast Cancer Biology Group, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Role of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108790. [PMID: 30903920 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play important roles in protein methylation. PRMT5 is the major type II arginine methyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of two methyl groups symmetrically to the arginine residues of either histone or non-histone proteins. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that PRMT5, as an oncogene, plays an indispensable regulatory role in the pathological progression of several human cancers by promoting the proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells. PRMT5 is overexpressed in many malignant tumors and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, which suggests that PRMT5 may become a potential biomarker or therapeutic target of cancer. This article reviews the biological function, mechanism, and clinical significance of PRMT5 in tumorigenesis.
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The arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and PRMT1 distinctly regulate the degradation of anti-apoptotic protein CFLAR L in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:64. [PMID: 30736843 PMCID: PMC6368745 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CFLARL, also known as c-FLIPL, is a critical anti-apoptotic protein that inhibits activation of caspase 8 in mammalian cells. Previous studies have shown that arginine 122 of CFLARL can be mono-methylated. However, the precise role of arginine methyltransferase of CFLARL remains unknown. PRMT5 and PRMT1, which are important members of the PRMT family, catalyze the transfer of methyl groups to the arginine of substrate proteins. PRMT5 can monomethylate or symmetrically dimethylate arginine residues, while PRMT1 can monomethylate or asymmetrically dimethylate arginine residues. Methods Lung cancer cells were cultured following the standard protocol and the cell lysates were prepared to detect the given proteins by Western Blot analysis, and the protein interaction was assayed by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) or GST pull-down assay. CFLARL ubiquitination level was evaluated by proteasomal inhibitor treatment combined with HA-Ub transfection and WB assay. PRMT1 and PRMT5 genes were knocked down by siRNA technique. Results We show that PRMT5 up-regulated the protein levels of CFLARL by decreasing the ubiquitination and increasing its protein level. Additionally, PRMT1 down-regulated the protein level of CFLARL by increasing the ubiquitination and degradation. The overexpression of PRMT5 can inhibit the interaction between CFLARL and ITCH, which has been identified as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of CFLARL, while overexpressed PRMT1 enhances the interaction between CFLARL and ITCH. Furthermore, we verified that dead mutations of PRMT5 or PRMT1 have the same effects on CFLARL as the wild-type ones have, suggesting it is the physical interaction between CFLAR and PRMT1/5 that regulates CFLARL degradation other than its enzymatic activity. Finally, we showed that PRMT5 and PRMT1 could suppress or facilitate apoptosis induced by doxorubicin or pemetrexed by affecting CFLARL in NSCLC cells. Conclusions PRMT5 and PRMT1 mediate the distinct effects on CFLARL degradation by regulating the binding of E3 ligase ITCH in NSCLC cells. This study identifies a cell death mechanism that is fine-tuned by PRMT1/5 that modulate CFLARL degradation in human NSCLC cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1064-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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