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Ohara Y, Craig AJ, Liu H, Yang S, Moreno P, Dorsey TH, Cawley H, Azizian A, Gaedcke J, Ghadimi M, Hanna N, Ambs S, Hussain SP. LMO3 is a suppressor of the basal-like/squamous subtype and reduces disease aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer through glycerol 3-phosphate metabolism. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:475-486. [PMID: 38366633 PMCID: PMC11229528 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) encompasses diverse molecular subtypes, including the classical/progenitor and basal-like/squamous subtypes, each exhibiting distinct characteristics, with the latter known for its aggressiveness. We employed an integrative approach combining transcriptome and metabolome analyses to pinpoint potential genes contributing to the basal-like/squamous subtype differentiation. Applying this approach to our NCI-UMD-German and a validation cohort, we identified LIM Domain Only 3 (LMO3), a transcription co-factor, as a candidate suppressor of the basal-like/squamous subtype. Reduced LMO3 expression was significantly associated with higher pathological grade, advanced disease stage, induction of the basal-like/squamous subtype and decreased survival among PDAC patients. In vitro experiments demonstrated that LMO3 transgene expression inhibited PDAC cell proliferation and migration/invasion, concurrently downregulating the basal-like/squamous gene signature. Metabolome analysis of patient tumors and PDAC cells revealed a metabolic program linked to elevated LMO3 and the classical/progenitor subtype, characterized by enhanced lipogenesis and suppressed amino acid metabolism. Notably, glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P) levels positively correlated with LMO3 expression and associated with improved patient survival. Furthermore, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1), a crucial enzyme in G3P synthesis, showed upregulation in LMO3-high and classical/progenitor PDAC, suggesting its potential role in mitigating disease aggressiveness. Collectively, our findings suggest that heightened LMO3 expression reduces transcriptome and metabolome characteristics indicative of basal-like/squamous tumors with decreased disease aggressiveness in PDAC patients. The observations describe LMO3 as a candidate for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ohara
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amanda J Craig
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Huaitian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shouhui Yang
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paloma Moreno
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Helen Cawley
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Azadeh Azizian
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nader Hanna
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - S Perwez Hussain
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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2
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Chen C, Han P, Qing Y. Metabolic heterogeneity in tumor microenvironment - A novel landmark for immunotherapy. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103579. [PMID: 39004158 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The surrounding non-cancer cells and tumor cells that make up the tumor microenvironment (TME) have various metabolic rhythms. TME metabolic heterogeneity is influenced by the intricate network of metabolic control within and between cells. DNA, protein, transport, and microbial levels are important regulators of TME metabolic homeostasis. The effectiveness of immunotherapy is also closely correlated with alterations in TME metabolism. The response of a tumor patient to immunotherapy is influenced by a variety of variables, including intracellular metabolic reprogramming, metabolic interaction between cells, ecological changes within and between tumors, and general dietary preferences. Although immunotherapy and targeted therapy have made great strides, their use in the accurate identification and treatment of tumors still has several limitations. The function of TME metabolic heterogeneity in tumor immunotherapy is summarized in this article. It focuses on how metabolic heterogeneity develops and is regulated as a tumor progresses, the precise molecular mechanisms and potential clinical significance of imbalances in intracellular metabolic homeostasis and intercellular metabolic coupling and interaction, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of targeted metabolism used in conjunction with immunotherapy. This offers insightful knowledge and important implications for individualized tumor patient diagnosis and treatment plans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Han
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yanping Qing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Chaudhry KA, Bianchi-Smiraglia A. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor as a tumor modulator: mechanisms to therapy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1375905. [PMID: 38807762 PMCID: PMC11130384 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1375905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that is widely recognized to play important, but complex, modulatory roles in a variety of tumor types. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the increasingly controversial role of AhR as a tumor regulator and the mechanisms by which it alters tumor progression based on the cancer cell type. Finally, we discuss new and emerging strategies to therapeutically modulate AhR, focusing on novel agents that hold promise in current human clinical trials as well as existing FDA-approved drugs that could potentially be repurposed for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Bianchi-Smiraglia
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, NY, United States
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4
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Wedig J, Jasani S, Mukherjee D, Lathrop H, Matreja P, Pfau T, D'Alesio L, Guenther A, Fenn L, Kaiser M, Torok MA, McGue J, Sizemore GM, Noonan AM, Dillhoff ME, Blaser BW, Frankel TL, Culp S, Hart PA, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Mace TA. CD200 is overexpressed in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment and predictive of overall survival. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:96. [PMID: 38619621 PMCID: PMC11018596 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with a 5 year survival rate of 13%. This poor survival is attributed, in part, to limited and ineffective treatments for patients with metastatic disease, highlighting a need to identify molecular drivers of pancreatic cancer to target for more effective treatment. CD200 is a glycoprotein that interacts with the receptor CD200R and elicits an immunosuppressive response. Overexpression of CD200 has been associated with differential outcomes, depending on the tumor type. In the context of pancreatic cancer, we have previously reported that CD200 is expressed in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment (TME), and that targeting CD200 in murine tumor models reduces tumor burden. We hypothesized that CD200 is overexpressed on tumor and stromal populations in the pancreatic TME and that circulating levels of soluble CD200 (sCD200) have prognostic value for overall survival. We discovered that CD200 was overexpressed on immune, stromal, and tumor populations in the pancreatic TME. Particularly, single-cell RNA-sequencing indicated that CD200 was upregulated on inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cytometry by time of flight analysis of PBMCs indicated that CD200 was overexpressed on innate immune populations, including monocytes, dendritic cells, and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. High sCD200 levels in plasma correlated with significantly worse overall and progression-free survival. Additionally, sCD200 correlated with the ratio of circulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 3: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 3 and MMP11/TIMP3. This study highlights the importance of CD200 expression in pancreatic cancer and provides the rationale for designing novel therapeutic strategies that target this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Wedig
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Shrina Jasani
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Debasmita Mukherjee
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Hannah Lathrop
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Priya Matreja
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Timothy Pfau
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Liliana D'Alesio
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Abigail Guenther
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Lexie Fenn
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Morgan Kaiser
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Molly A Torok
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Jake McGue
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Gina M Sizemore
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Anne M Noonan
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Mary E Dillhoff
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Surgical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Bradley W Blaser
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
| | - Timothy L Frankel
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Stacey Culp
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Phil A Hart
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Thomas A Mace
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 420 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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5
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Moreno P, Ohara Y, Craig AJ, Liu H, Yang S, Zhang L, Panigrahi G, Dorsey TH, Cawley H, Azizian A, Gaedcke J, Ghadimi M, Hanna N, Perwez Hussain S. ADRA2A promotes the classical/progenitor subtype and reduces disease aggressiveness of pancreatic cancer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.12.584316. [PMID: 38903083 PMCID: PMC11188071 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.584316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) manifests diverse molecular subtypes, including the classical/progenitor and basal-like/squamous subtypes, with the latter known for its aggressiveness. We employed integrative transcriptome and metabolome analyses to identify potential genes contributing to the molecular subtype differentiation and its metabolic features. Transcriptome analysis in PDAC patient cohorts revealed downregulation of adrenoceptor alpha 2A (ADRA2A) in the basal-like/squamous subtype, suggesting its potential role as a candidate suppressor of this subtype. Reduced ADRA2A expression was significantly associated with a high frequency of lymph node metastasis, higher pathological grade, advanced disease stage, and decreased survival among PDAC patients. In vitro experiments demonstrated that ADRA2A transgene expression and ADRA2A agonist inhibited PDAC cell invasion. Additionally, ADRA2A-high condition downregulated the basal-like/squamous gene expression signature, while upregulating the classical/progenitor gene expression signature in our PDAC patient cohort and PDAC cell lines. Metabolome analysis conducted on the PDAC cohort and cell lines revealed that elevated ADRA2A levels were associated with suppressed amino acid and carnitine/acylcarnitine metabolism, which are characteristic metabolic profiles of the classical/progenitor subtype. Collectively, our findings suggest that heightened ADRA2A expression induces transcriptome and metabolome characteristics indicative of classical/progenitor subtype with decreased disease aggressiveness in PDAC patients. These observations introduce ADRA2A as a candidate for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Moreno
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yuuki Ohara
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amanda J. Craig
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Huaitian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shouhui Yang
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gatikrushna Panigrahi
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiffany H. Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Helen Cawley
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Azadeh Azizian
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nader Hanna
- Division of General & Oncologic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - S. Perwez Hussain
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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6
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Yu L, Lu J, Du W. Tryptophan metabolism in digestive system tumors: unraveling the pathways and implications. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:174. [PMID: 38462620 PMCID: PMC10926624 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a crucial role in influencing the development of digestive system tumors. Dysregulation of Trp and its metabolites has been identified in various digestive system cancers, including esophageal, gastric, liver, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. Aberrantly expressed Trp metabolites are associated with diverse clinical features in digestive system tumors. Moreover, the levels of these metabolites can serve as prognostic indicators and predictors of recurrence risk in patients with digestive system tumors. Trp metabolites exert their influence on tumor growth and metastasis through multiple mechanisms, including immune evasion, angiogenesis promotion, and drug resistance enhancement. Suppressing the expression of key enzymes in Trp metabolism can reduce the accumulation of these metabolites, effectively impacting their role in the promotion of tumor progression and metastasis. Strategies targeting Trp metabolism through specific enzyme inhibitors or tailored drugs exhibit considerable promise in enhancing therapeutic outcomes for digestive system tumors. In addition, integrating these approaches with immunotherapy holds the potential to further enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment of Infectious Diseases,, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment of Infectious Diseases,, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Weibo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment of Infectious Diseases,, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
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Ohara Y, Tang W, Liu H, Yang S, Dorsey TH, Cawley H, Moreno P, Chari R, Guest MR, Azizian A, Gaedcke J, Ghadimi M, Hanna N, Ambs S, Hussain SP. SERPINB3-MYC axis induces the basal-like/squamous subtype and enhances disease progression in pancreatic cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113434. [PMID: 37980563 PMCID: PMC10842852 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits distinct molecular subtypes: classical/progenitor and basal-like/squamous. Our study aimed to identify genes contributing to the development of the basal-like/squamous subtype, known for its aggressiveness. Transcriptome analyses revealed consistent upregulation of SERPINB3 in basal-like/squamous PDAC, correlating with reduced patient survival. SERPINB3 transgene expression in PDAC cells enhanced in vitro invasion and promoted lung metastasis in a mouse PDAC xenograft model. Metabolome analyses unveiled a metabolic signature linked to both SERPINB3 and the basal-like/squamous subtype, characterized by heightened carnitine/acylcarnitine and amino acid metabolism, associated with poor prognosis in patients with PDAC and elevated cellular invasiveness. Further analysis uncovered that SERPINB3 inhibited the cysteine protease calpain, a key enzyme in the MYC degradation pathway, and drove basal-like/squamous subtype and associated metabolic reprogramming through MYC activation. Our findings indicate that the SERPINB3-MYC axis induces the basal-like/squamous subtype, proposing SERPINB3 as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ohara
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Data Science & Artificial Intelligence, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Huaitian Liu
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shouhui Yang
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tiffany H Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Helen Cawley
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paloma Moreno
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raj Chari
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Mary R Guest
- Genome Modification Core, Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Azadeh Azizian
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jochen Gaedcke
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Moltkestraße 90, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nader Hanna
- Division of General & Oncologic Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - S Perwez Hussain
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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8
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Zhang L, Ren BC, Wei F, Liu Y, Gao Y, Yuan B. Ferroptosis regulator NOS2 is closely associated with the prognosis and cell malignant behaviors of hepatoblastoma: a bioinformatic and in vitro study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1228199. [PMID: 37795447 PMCID: PMC10546316 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1228199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common liver tumor in children with easy metastasis. The emergence of ferroptosis as a novel form of cell death has gained increased attention in various human cancers. However, the roles of ferroptosis-related (FR) genes in HB remain elusive. Methods The GSE133039, GSE131329, and GSE81928 datasets were utilized for screening core FR genes in HB. Through Lasso regression analysis and using the support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) algorithm, three candidate FR genes were obtained for characterizing HB. Their expression patterns and their clinical associations were explored through the 'Limma' R package, and their diagnostic potential was evaluated using ROC curves. Nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) emerged as a candidate for further analyses. The CIBERSORT algorithm and GSEA dataset were used to respectively investigate the immune and metabolism effects of NOS2; the former was validated through immunofluorescence. The GSDC database was employed to analyze the correlation between NOS2 expression and the therapeutic efficacy of multiple drugs. PCR, Western blotting, colony formation assays, and Transwell experiments, were used to determine biological functions of NOS2 in HB cells. Potential upstream transcription factors of NOS2 were predicted through the TRRUST, hTFtarget, GeneCards, and JASPAR databases. Results NQO1, SLC1A4, and NOS2 were identified as potential genes in HB and found to be significantly upregulated in tumor samples. Nevertheless, only NOS2 was closely associated with HB clinicopathological characteristics; high NOS2 expression indicated poor prognosis, metastatic tendency, and late clinical stage. Immune analyses indicated that high NOS2 expression was concomitant with decreased infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells but increased infiltration levels of macrophages. GSEA revealed that NOS2 failed to affect the enrichments of glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, and cholesterol biosynthesis in HB. Moreover, NOS2 was positively correlated with the IC50 values of trametinib, lapatinib, and cisplatin. NOS2 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 and HuH-6 cells. JUND was identified as a potential transcriptional regulator of NOS2 by binding to its promoter (5'-TTCTGACTCTTTT-3'). Conclusion NOS2 plays a significant role in HB clinical assessments and holds promise as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bin-cheng Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fei Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an, China
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9
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Vimalraj S, Sekaran S. RUNX Family as a Promising Biomarker and a Therapeutic Target in Bone Cancers: A Review on Its Molecular Mechanism(s) behind Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3247. [PMID: 37370857 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor runt-related protein (RUNX) family is the major transcription factor responsible for the formation of osteoblasts from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which are involved in bone formation. Accumulating evidence implicates the RUNX family for its role in tumor biology and cancer progression. The RUNX family has been linked to osteosarcoma via its regulation of many tumorigenicity-related factors. In the regulatory network of cancers, with numerous upstream signaling pathways and its potential target molecules downstream, RUNX is a vital molecule. Hence, a pressing need exists to understand the precise process underpinning the occurrence and prognosis of several malignant tumors. Until recently, RUNX has been regarded as one of the therapeutic targets for bone cancer. Therefore, in this review, we have provided insights into various molecular mechanisms behind the tumorigenic role of RUNX in various important cancers. RUNX is anticipated to grow into a novel therapeutic target with the in-depth study of RUNX family-related regulatory processes, aid in the creation of new medications, and enhance clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Mrštná K, Kujovská Krčmová L, Švec F. Advances in kynurenine analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2023:117441. [PMID: 37321530 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Kynurenine, the first product of tryptophan degradation via the kynurenine pathway, has become one of the most frequently mentioned biomarkers in recent years. Its levels in the body indicate the state of the human physiology. Human serum and plasma are the main matrixes used to evaluate kynurenine levels and liquid chromatography is the dominant technique for its determination. However, their concentrations in blood do not always correspond to the levels in other matrixes obtained from the affected individuals. It is therefore important to decide when it is appropriate to analyse kynurenine in alternative matrices. However, liquid chromatography may not be the best option for the analysis. This review presents alternatives that can be used and summarizes the features that need to be considered prior to kynurenine determination. Possible approaches to kynurenine analysis in a variety of human matrixes, their challenges, and limitations are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mrštná
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - L Kujovská Krčmová
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; The Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Sokolská 581, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - F Švec
- The Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203/8, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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11
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Zhao LY, Mei JX, Yu G, Lei L, Zhang WH, Liu K, Chen XL, Kołat D, Yang K, Hu JK. Role of the gut microbiota in anticancer therapy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:201. [PMID: 37179402 PMCID: PMC10183032 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past period, due to the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, accumulating evidence has clarified the complex role of the human microbiota in the development of cancer and the therapeutic response. More importantly, available evidence seems to indicate that modulating the composition of the gut microbiota to improve the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs may be feasible. However, intricate complexities exist, and a deep and comprehensive understanding of how the human microbiota interacts with cancer is critical to realize its full potential in cancer treatment. The purpose of this review is to summarize the initial clues on molecular mechanisms regarding the mutual effects between the gut microbiota and cancer development, and to highlight the relationship between gut microbes and the efficacy of immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and cancer surgery, which may provide insights into the formulation of individualized therapeutic strategies for cancer management. In addition, the current and emerging microbial interventions for cancer therapy as well as their clinical applications are summarized. Although many challenges remain for now, the great importance and full potential of the gut microbiota cannot be overstated for the development of individualized anti-cancer strategies, and it is necessary to explore a holistic approach that incorporates microbial modulation therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia-Xin Mei
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University; Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Han Zhang
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Damian Kołat
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jian-Kun Hu
- Department of General Surgery & Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Fu S, Xu S, Zhang S. The role of amino acid metabolism alterations in pancreatic cancer: From mechanism to application. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188893. [PMID: 37015314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing in both developed and developing Nations. In recent years, various research evidence suggested that reprogrammed metabolism may play a key role in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis and development. Therefore, it has great potential as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target. Amino acid metabolism is deregulated in pancreatic cancer, and changes in amino acid metabolism can affect cancer cell status, systemic metabolism in malignant tumor patients and mistakenly involved in different biological processes including stemness, proliferation and growth, invasion and migration, redox state maintenance, autophagy, apoptosis and even tumor microenvironment interaction. Generally, the above effects are achieved through two pathways, energy metabolism and signal transduction. This review aims to highlight the current research progress on the abnormal alterations of amino acids metabolism in pancreatic cancer, how they affect tumorigenesis and development of pancreatic cancer and the application prospects of them as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenao Fu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Shaokang Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Shubing Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
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13
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Li M, Ding W, Wang Y, Ma Y, Du F. Development and validation of a gene signature for pancreatic cancer: based on inflammatory response-related genes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:17166-17178. [PMID: 36192587 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world with a poor prognosis. There were limited studies investigating the genetic signatures associated with inflammatory responses, tumor microenvironment (TME), and tumor drug sensitivity prediction. In the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, we constructed an inflammatory response-related genes prognostic signature for PC, and predictive ability of the model was assessed via the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Then, we explored the differences of TME, immune checkpoint genes and drug resistance genes, and the cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs between different risk score group. Based on the TCGA and ICGC databases, we constructed and validated a prognostic model, which consisted of 5 genes (including AHR, F3, GNA15, IL18, and INHBA). Moreover, the prognostic model was independent prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS). The low-risk score group had better OS, and lower stromal score, compared with patients in the high-risk score group. The difference of antigen-presenting cells, T cell regulation, and drug resistance genes between different risk score groups was found. In addition, the immune checkpoint genes were positively correlation to risk score. The expression levels of AHR, GNA15, IL18, and INHBA were related to the sensitivity of anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed significant pathway such as calcium signaling pathway and p53 signaling pathway. We successfully constructed a 5-inflammatory response-related gene signature to predict survival, TME, and cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs in PC patients. Furthermore, substantiation was warranted to verify the role of these genes in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151 of Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151 of Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151 of Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongbiao Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151 of Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Futian Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151 of Guangwen Street, Weifang, 261041, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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14
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SERPINB2, an Early Responsive Gene to Epigallocatechin Gallate, Inhibits Migration and Promotes Apoptosis in Esophageal Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233852. [PMID: 36497110 PMCID: PMC9738437 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a lethal disease that frequently occurs in developing countries, the incidence of which could be declined by drinking EGCG-enriched drinks or food. SERPINB2, whose complex functions and regulations are not yet fully understood, are induced by multiple inflammatory molecules and anti-tumor agents. Here, we identify 2444 EGCG-regulated genes in esophageal cancer cells, including SERPINB2. EGCG treatment recruits NF-κB at the promoter and enhancers of SERPINB2 and activates gene transcription, which is repressed by NF-κB knockdown or inhibition. Loss of SERPINB2 leads to a faster migration rate and less expression of Caspase-3 in cancer cells. Our study demonstrates that SERPINB2 is a new tumor-suppressor gene involved in cell movement and apoptosis and could be a therapeutic target for esophageal cancer.
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15
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Ohara Y, Valenzuela P, Hussain SP. The interactive role of inflammatory mediators and metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic cancer. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:556-569. [PMID: 35525794 PMCID: PMC9233125 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by its highly reactive inflammatory desmoplastic stroma with evidence of an extensive tumor stromal interaction largely mediated by inflammatory factors. KRAS mutation and inflammatory signaling promote protumorigenic events, including metabolic reprogramming with several inter-regulatory crosstalks to fulfill the high demand of energy and regulate oxidative stress for tumor growth and progression. Notably, the more aggressive molecular subtype of PDAC enhances influx of glycolytic intermediates. This review focuses on the interactive role of inflammatory signaling and metabolic reprogramming with emerging evidence of crosstalk, which supports the development, progression, and therapeutic resistance of PDAC. Understanding the emerging crosstalk between inflammation and metabolic adaptations may identify potential targets and develop novel therapeutic approaches for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ohara
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paloma Valenzuela
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - S Perwez Hussain
- Pancreatic Cancer Section, Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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16
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Obara-Michlewska M. The tryptophan metabolism, kynurenine pathway and oxidative stress - Implications for glioma pathobiology. Neurochem Int 2022; 158:105363. [PMID: 35667490 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The kynurenine pathway receives increasing attention due to its involvement in central nervous system pathologies, i.a. neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, but also due to the contribution to the pathomechanism of neoplasms, including brain tumors.The present review focuses on kynurenine pathway activity in gliomas, brain tumors of glial origin. The upregulation of kynurenine pathway enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), resulting in a decreased level of tryptophan and augmented kynurenine synthesis (increased (KYN/Trp ratio) are the most recognised hallmark of malignant transformation, characterised with immunomodulatory adaptations, providing an escape from defence mechanisms of the host, growth-beneficial milieu and resistance to some therapeutics. The review addresses, however, the oxidative/nitrosative stress-associated mechanisms of tryptophan catabolism, mainly the kynurenine pathway activity, linking them with glioma pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Obara-Michlewska
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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17
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Switzer CH, Cho HJ, Eykyn TR, Lavender P, Eaton P. NOS2 and S-nitrosothiol signaling induces DNA hypomethylation and LINE-1 retrotransposon expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200022119. [PMID: 35584114 PMCID: PMC9173756 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200022119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) produces high local concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), and its expression is associated with inflammation, cellular stress signals, and cellular transformation. Additionally, NOS2 expression results in aggressive cancer cell phenotypes and is correlated with poor outcomes in patients with breast cancer. DNA hypomethylation, especially of noncoding repeat elements, is an early event in carcinogenesis and is a common feature of cancer cells. In addition to altered gene expression, DNA hypomethylation results in genomic instability via retrotransposon activation. Here, we show that NOS2 expression and associated NO signaling results in substantial DNA hypomethylation in human cell lines by inducing the degradation of DNA (cytosine-5)–methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) protein. Similarly, NOS2 expression levels were correlated with decreased DNA methylation in human breast tumors. NOS2 expression and NO signaling also resulted in long interspersed noncoding element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon hypomethylation, expression, and DNA damage. DNMT1 degradation was mediated by an NO/p38-MAPK/lysine acetyltransferase 5–dependent mechanism. Furthermore, we show that this mechanism is required for NO-mediated epithelial transformation. Therefore, we conclude that NOS2 and NO signaling results in DNA damage and malignant cellular transformation via an epigenetic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H. Switzer
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun-Ju Cho
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas R. Eykyn
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Lavender
- AsthmaUK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, School of Immunology and Microbial Science, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Eaton
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom
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18
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Hezaveh K, Shinde RS, Klötgen A, Halaby MJ, Lamorte S, Ciudad MT, Quevedo R, Neufeld L, Liu ZQ, Jin R, Grünwald BT, Foerster EG, Chaharlangi D, Guo M, Makhijani P, Zhang X, Pugh TJ, Pinto DM, Co IL, McGuigan AP, Jang GH, Khokha R, Ohashi PS, O’Kane GM, Gallinger S, Navarre WW, Maughan H, Philpott DJ, Brooks DG, McGaha TL. Tryptophan-derived microbial metabolites activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in tumor-associated macrophages to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Immunity 2022; 55:324-340.e8. [PMID: 35139353 PMCID: PMC8888129 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a sensor of products of tryptophan metabolism and a potent modulator of immunity. Here, we examined the impact of AhR in tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) function in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). TAMs exhibited high AhR activity and Ahr-deficient macrophages developed an inflammatory phenotype. Deletion of Ahr in myeloid cells or pharmacologic inhibition of AhR reduced PDAC growth, improved efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade, and increased intra-tumoral frequencies of IFNγ+CD8+ T cells. Macrophage tryptophan metabolism was not required for this effect. Rather, macrophage AhR activity was dependent on Lactobacillus metabolization of dietary tryptophan to indoles. Removal of dietary tryptophan reduced TAM AhR activity and promoted intra-tumoral accumulation of TNFα+IFNγ+CD8+ T cells; provision of dietary indoles blocked this effect. In patients with PDAC, high AHR expression associated with rapid disease progression and mortality, as well as with an immune-suppressive TAM phenotype, suggesting conservation of this regulatory axis in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebria Hezaveh
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,These authors contributed equally,Present address: Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceutical R&D, Astra Zeneca, Gothenburg, 431 50, Sweden
| | - Rahul S. Shinde
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,These authors contributed equally,Present address: Immunology, Microenvironment, and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andreas Klötgen
- Department of Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Marie Jo Halaby
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Sara Lamorte
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - M. Teresa Ciudad
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Rene Quevedo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Luke Neufeld
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhe Qi Liu
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Robbie Jin
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Barbara T. Grünwald
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | | | - Danica Chaharlangi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mengdi Guo
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Priya Makhijani
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Xin Zhang
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Trevor J. Pugh
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada,The Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Devanand M. Pinto
- National Research Council, Human Health Therapeutics, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada
| | - Ileana L. Co
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Alison P. McGuigan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Gun Ho Jang
- The Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Rama Khokha
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada,Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Pamela S. Ohashi
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Grainne M. O’Kane
- The Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Steven Gallinger
- The Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - William W. Navarre
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | | | - Dana J. Philpott
- Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - David G. Brooks
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Tracy L. McGaha
- Tumor Immunotherapy Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada,Department of Immunology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada,Lead contact,Correspondence:
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19
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Liang H, Li T, Fang X, Xing Z, Zhang S, Shi L, Li W, Guo L, Kuang C, Liu H, Yang Q. IDO1/TDO dual inhibitor RY103 targets Kyn-AhR pathway and exhibits preclinical efficacy on pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:32-43. [PMID: 34520819 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzing the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) to kynurenine (Kyn) in kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in the immunosuppression in pancreatic cancer (PC), but the value of IDO1 as an independent prognostic marker for PC is uncertain. Moreover, the correlation between tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO), an isozyme of IDO1, and PC is largely unknown. Using TCGA database, the correlation between IDO1 and/or TDO expression and PC patients' survival was analyzed. The expressions of IDO1 and TDO in PC cells and PC mice were examined. The effects of IDO1, TDO or dual inhibition on IDO1 and TDO effector pathway (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AhR) and on migration and invasion of PC cells were investigated. The block effect of IDO1/TDO dual inhibitor RY103 on KP was evaluated. The preclinical efficacy of RY103 and its immunomodulatory effect on KPIC orthotopic PC mice and Pan02 tumor-bearing mice were explored. Results showed that IDO1/TDO co-expression is an independent prognostic marker for PC. RY103 can significantly block KP and target Kyn-AhR pathway to blunt the migration and invasion of PC cells, exhibit preclinical efficacy and ameliorate IDO1/TDO-mediated immunosuppression in PC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Tianqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Xin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Zikang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Weirui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Leilei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Chunxiang Kuang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Hongrui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Zhangheng Road 826, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Songhu Road 2005, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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20
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Bai Y, Zhu P, Zhou K, Zhang SG. Effect of the acid suppressor omeprazole on the proliferation, migration, invasion and cell cycle of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1187. [PMID: 34475977 PMCID: PMC8406681 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor type with one of the highest mortality rates worldwide. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which has been investigated in recent years, has been confirmed to be associated with the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer. AHR has a variety of different ligands, which regulate its activity following binding. The widely known acid inhibitor omeprazole (OME) also affects AHR and its downstream proteins (such as the cytochrome P450 family) by non-ligand binding; however, the mechanisms have remained to be fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of OME in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), whether the mechanism proceeds via the AHR pathway and how OME regulates AHR to affect the occurrence and development of esophageal carcinoma. The AHR-selective regulator OME was used to treat the ESCC cell lines TE1 and KYSE150. Western blot analysis was used to verify the effect of OME on AHR and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein expression levels, while Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8, wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to determine the proliferation, migration and invasion of the ESCCs, respectively, following treatment with OME. In addition, flow cytometry was used to investigate the cell cycle distribution of the ESCCs following incubation with OME. AHR was highly expressed in the ESCCs and following treatment with OME, the protein expression levels of AHR and PCNA were downregulated. The CCK-8 assay indicated that the proliferation of the ESCCs was also reduced following treatment with OME. Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed a notable block of the cells in G1/G0 phase, while the results of the wound-healing and Transwell assays respectively suggested that cell migration and invasion were reduced. In conclusion, OME inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells and blocked the cell cycle via the AHR pathway, which may provide a therapeutic effect on esophageal squamous cell cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Peiyao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Guang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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21
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Lee MH. Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:937-967. [PMID: 34355542 PMCID: PMC8504147 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis leads to physiological changes and links to a number of diseases, including cancers. Thus, many cancer categories and treatment regimens should be investigated in the context of the microbiome. Owing to the availability of metagenome sequencing and multiomics studies, analyses of species characterization, host genetic changes, and metabolic profile of gut microbiota have become feasible, which has facilitated an exponential knowledge gain about microbiota composition, taxonomic alterations, and host interactions during tumorigenesis. However, the complexity of the gut microbiota, with a plethora of uncharacterized host‐microbe, microbe‐microbe, and environmental interactions, still contributes to the challenge of advancing our knowledge of the microbiota‐cancer interactions. These interactions manifest in signaling relay, metabolism, immunity, tumor development, genetic instability, sensitivity to cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review summarizes current studies/molecular mechanisms regarding the association between the gut microbiota and the development of cancers, which provides insights into the therapeutic strategies that could be harnessed for cancer diagnosis, treatment, or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong-Hong Lee
- Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510020, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Disease, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510020, P. R. China
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22
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Mo Z, Li P, Cao Z, Zhang S. A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis of 33 Human Cancers Reveals the Immunotherapeutic Value of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Front Immunol 2021; 12:564948. [PMID: 34290693 PMCID: PMC8287657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.564948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have reported the potential of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in cancer immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms underpinning its therapeutic value have yet to be comprehensively investigated. Thus, this research aimed to explore the underlying association between AhR and cancer immunotherapy in 33 human cancers. Methods The gene expression data and clinical characteristics of 33 cancers were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The immunotherapeutic cohorts included GSE67501 and GSE78220 as well as IMvigor210, which were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and included in a previously published study respectively. Clinical parameters, including patient age, gender, survival, and tumor stage were analyzed to assess the prognostic value of AhR. The activity of AhR was generated by single sample gene set enrichment analysis and used to evaluate the difference between the AhR transcriptome and protein expression level. To better understand the role of AhR in cancer immunotherapy, the correlation between AhR and tumor microenvironment, as well as its relation to immune processes/elements, such as immune cell infiltration, immune inhibitors and stimulators, and the major histocompatibility complex were analyzed. The relevant underlying pathways associated with AhR signaling in cancer were also explored. Furthermore, the correlation between AhR and two immunotherapeutic biomarkers (tumor mutational burden and microsatellite instability) was investigated. Finally, the relationship between AhR and immunotherapeutic response was explored using three independent immunotherapeutic cohorts. Results Although AhR was not closely associated with age (5/33), gender (3/33), or tumor stage (3/21) in any of the studied human cancers, it exhibited potential prognostic value for predicting patient survival. Consistency has been observed between AhR activity and expression in some cancers (7/33). Generally, AhR presented a robust correlation with immune cell infiltration, immune modulators, and immunotherapeutic markers. Moreover, high AhR expression was significantly related to immune-relevant pathways. However, no significant correlation was observed between AhR and the immunotherapeutic response. Conclusions This research investigated the immunotherapeutic value of AhR in 33 human cancers, providing evidence regarding the function of AhR and its role in clinical treatment. However, considering that a bioinformatics approach was adopted, the current results are preliminary and require further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuomao Mo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhirui Cao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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ARG1 mRNA Level Is a Promising Prognostic Marker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11040628. [PMID: 33807310 PMCID: PMC8065482 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) can be induced by smoking or alcohol consumption, but a growing part of cases relate to a persistent high-risk papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Viral etiology has a beneficial impact on the prognosis, which may be explained by a specific immune response. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) represent the main immune population of the tumor microenvironment with a controversial influence on the prognosis. In this study, the level, phenotype, and spatial distribution of TAMs were evaluated, and the expression of TAM-associated markers was compared in HPV positive (HPV+) and HPV negative (HPV−) tumors. Seventy-three formalin and embedded in paraffin (FFPE) tumor specimens were examined using multispectral immunohistochemistry for the detection of TAM subpopulations in the tumor parenchyma and stroma. Moreover, the mRNA expression of TAM markers was evaluated using RT-qPCR. Results were compared with respect to tumor etiology, and the prognostic significance was evaluated. In HPV− tumors, we observed more pro-tumorigenic M2 in the stroma and a non-macrophage arginase 1 (ARG1)-expressing population in both compartments. Moreover, higher mRNA expression of M2 markers—cluster of differentiation 163 (CD163), ARG1, and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2)—was detected in HPV− patients, and of M1 marker nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) in HPV+ group. The expression of ARG1 mRNA was revealed as a negative prognostic factor for overall survival of HNSCC patients.
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24
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Zhang J, Gu J, Guo S, Huang W, Zheng Y, Wang X, Zhang T, Zhao W, Ni B, Fan Y, Wang H. Establishing and validating a pathway prognostic signature in pancreatic cancer based on miRNA and mRNA sets using GSVA. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22840-22858. [PMID: 33197892 PMCID: PMC7746356 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a severe disease with the highest mortality rate among various cancers. It is urgent to find an effective and accurate way to predict the survival of PC patients. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was used to establish and validate a miRNA set-based pathway prognostic signature for PC (miPPSPC) and a mRNA set-based pathway prognostic signature for PC (mPPSPC) in independent datasets. An optimized miPPSPC was constructed by combining clinical parameters. The miPPSPC, optimized miPPSPC and mPPSPC were established and validated to predict the survival of PC patients and showed excellent predictive ability. Four metabolic pathways and one oxidative stress pathway were identified in the miPPSPC, whereas linoleic acid metabolism and the pentose phosphate pathway were identified in the mPPSPC. Key factors of the pentose phosphate pathway and linoleic acid metabolism, G6PD and CYP2C8/9/18/19, respectively, are related to the survival of PC patients according to our tissue microarray. Thus, the miPPSPC, optimized miPPSPC and mPPSPC can predict the survival of PC patients efficiently and precisely. The metabolic and oxidative stress pathways may participate in PC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401120, P R China
| | - Jianyou Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, P R China
| | - Shixiang Guo
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401120, P R China
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, P R China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401120, P R China
| | - Xianxing Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401120, P R China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401120, P R China
| | - Weibo Zhao
- PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center (The 306th Hospital of PLA), Beijing 100101, P R China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P R China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, P R China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Chongqing 400038, P R China
| | - Yingfang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, P R China
| | - Huaizhi Wang
- Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401120, P R China
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