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Tan X, Wang Y, Wu Z, Zhou Q, Tang Y, Liu Z, Yuan G, Luo S, Zou Y, Guo S, Han N, Yao K. The role of Her-2 in penile squamous cell carcinoma progression and cisplatin chemoresistance and potential for antibody-drug conjugate-based therapy. Eur J Cancer 2023; 194:113360. [PMID: 37862796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the first choice for advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) in the last decade, but its utility is limited by the low response rate, systemic toxicity, and chemoresistance, which contribute to a poor prognosis. There is no standard second-line therapy for advanced PSCC. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2)-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel low-toxicity agents which have greatly improved clinical outcomes for several advanced cancers. We aimed to explore the expression pattern, clinical significance, and oncogenic roles of Her-2 and the therapeutic potential of Her-2-targeted ADCs in PSCC. METHODS Her-2 immunohistochemistry was performed for the largest single-centre PSCC cohort to date (367 patients). PSCC cell lines, cisplatin-resistant cell lines, subcutaneous xenograft, and footpad metastatic models were used to investigate the biological roles of Her-2 in PSCC progression. Cytotoxicity, apoptosis assays, and western blotting investigated the mechanism of Her-2 induced cisplatin-chemoresistance. The efficacy of Disitamab Vedotin (RC48), a Her-2-targeted ADC, was evaluated in PSCC. RESULTS Her-2 was identified as an adverse prognostic indicator associated with advanced Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stages and poor survival with an immunohistochemical expression rate of approximately 47.7% (1+, 23.2%; 2+, 18.0%; 3+, 6.5%) in PSCC. Her-2 promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumour progression, and cisplatin resistance in PSCC. Mechanistically, Her-2 inhibits cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis by the activation of Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 and disrupts the balance between proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins. Meanwhile, cisplatin-resistant PSCC cells present aggressive oncogenic abilities and Her-2 upregulation. More importantly, RC48 displayed remarkable antitumor activities in both Her2-positive and cisplatin-resistant PSCC tumours. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that Her-2 is an available therapeutic biomarker for PSCC. Her-2-targeted ADC might have the potential to improve clinical outcomes in high-risk Her-2-positive advanced PSCC patients and provide precious second-line clinical choice for appropriate cisplatin-based chemoresistance patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingliang Tan
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhiming Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qianghua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhicheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Gangjun Yuan
- Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Sihao Luo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuantao Zou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shengjie Guo
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Na Han
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China; Center for Health Examination and Cancer Risk Screening, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Kai Yao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou 510060, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Keller M, Rohlf K, Glotzbach A, Leonhardt G, Lüke S, Derksen K, Demirci Ö, Göçener D, AlWahsh M, Lambert J, Lindskog C, Schmidt M, Brenner W, Baumann M, Zent E, Zischinsky ML, Hellwig B, Madjar K, Rahnenführer J, Overbeck N, Reinders J, Cadenas C, Hengstler JG, Edlund K, Marchan R. Inhibiting the glycerophosphodiesterase EDI3 in ER-HER2+ breast cancer cells resistant to HER2-targeted therapy reduces viability and tumour growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:25. [PMID: 36670508 PMCID: PMC9854078 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02578-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrinsic or acquired resistance to HER2-targeted therapy is often a problem when small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors or antibodies are used to treat patients with HER2 positive breast cancer. Therefore, the identification of new targets and therapies for this patient group is warranted. Activated choline metabolism, characterized by elevated levels of choline-containing compounds, has been previously reported in breast cancer. The glycerophosphodiesterase EDI3 (GPCPD1), which hydrolyses glycerophosphocholine to choline and glycerol-3-phosphate, directly influences choline and phospholipid metabolism, and has been linked to cancer-relevant phenotypes in vitro. While the importance of choline metabolism has been addressed in breast cancer, the role of EDI3 in this cancer type has not been explored. METHODS EDI3 mRNA and protein expression in human breast cancer tissue were investigated using publicly-available Affymetrix gene expression microarray datasets (n = 540) and with immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray (n = 265), respectively. A panel of breast cancer cell lines of different molecular subtypes were used to investigate expression and activity of EDI3 in vitro. To determine whether EDI3 expression is regulated by HER2 signalling, the effect of pharmacological inhibition and siRNA silencing of HER2, as well as the influence of inhibiting key components of signalling cascades downstream of HER2 were studied. Finally, the influence of silencing and pharmacologically inhibiting EDI3 on viability was investigated in vitro and on tumour growth in vivo. RESULTS In the present study, we show that EDI3 expression is highest in ER-HER2 + human breast tumours, and both expression and activity were also highest in ER-HER2 + breast cancer cell lines. Silencing HER2 using siRNA, as well as inhibiting HER2 signalling with lapatinib decreased EDI3 expression. Pathways downstream of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and GSK3β, and transcription factors, including HIF1α, CREB and STAT3 were identified as relevant in regulating EDI3 expression. Silencing EDI3 preferentially decreased cell viability in the ER-HER2 + cells. Furthermore, silencing or pharmacologically inhibiting EDI3 using dipyridamole in ER-HER2 + cells resistant to HER2-targeted therapy decreased cell viability in vitro and tumour growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that EDI3 may be a potential novel therapeutic target in patients with HER2-targeted therapy-resistant ER-HER2 + breast cancer that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Keller
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Katharina Rohlf
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Annika Glotzbach
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gregor Leonhardt
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Simon Lüke
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Katharina Derksen
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Özlem Demirci
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Defne Göçener
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mohammad AlWahsh
- grid.419243.90000 0004 0492 9407Leibniz Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS E.V, Dortmund, Germany ,grid.411778.c0000 0001 2162 1728Institute of Pathology and Medical Research Center (ZMF), University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany ,grid.443348.c0000 0001 0244 5415Department of Pharmacy, AlZaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jörg Lambert
- grid.419243.90000 0004 0492 9407Leibniz Institut Für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS E.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Cecilia Lindskog
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marcus Schmidt
- grid.410607.4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Walburgis Brenner
- grid.410607.4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Baumann
- grid.505582.fPharmacology Department, Lead Discovery Center, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Eldar Zent
- grid.505582.fPharmacology Department, Lead Discovery Center, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mia-Lisa Zischinsky
- grid.505582.fPharmacology Department, Lead Discovery Center, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Birte Hellwig
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Katrin Madjar
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörg Rahnenführer
- grid.5675.10000 0001 0416 9637Department of Statistics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nina Overbeck
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörg Reinders
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Cristina Cadenas
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karolina Edlund
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rosemarie Marchan
- grid.419241.b0000 0001 2285 956XLeibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the TU Dortmund (IfADo), Ardeystrasse 67, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
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Uno Y, Tanaka H, Miyakawa K, Akiyama N, Kamikokura Y, Yuzawa S, Kitada M, Takei H, Tanino M. Subcellular localization of hTERT in breast cancer: insights into its tumorigenesis and drug resistance mechanisms in HER2-immunopositive breast cancer. Hum Pathol 2022; 134:74-84. [PMID: 36549600 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2022.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is highly expressed in various cancers, including breast cancer. Although telomere elongation is an essential role for hTERT, the nuclear export after oxdative stress has also been shown in several cancer cell lines and is associated with drug-resistance in vitro. As only a few reports focused on the subcellular localization of hTERT in clinical specimens, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed the correlation between intracellular hTERT expression and the clinicopathological characteristics to identify the clinical significance of hTERT subcellular expression in breast cancers. 144 invasive breast cancers classified by IHC subtype without primary systemic therapy (PST), were selected from a surgical resection cohort and were immunostained for hTERT, p-STAT3, p-AKT and p-ERK. The nuclear and/or cytoplasmic staining intensity and proportion of hTERT were scored and compared with clinicopathological parameters. The nuclear hTERT expression was significantly correlated with HER2 expression (p = 0.00156), and the scores were significantly correlated with p-STAT3 and p-AKT expression scores (r = 0.532, p = 0.000587 and r = 0.345, p = 0.0339, respectively) in the HER2-immunopositive breast cancer including luminal-HER2 and HER2 subtypes. Furthermore, hTERT was expressed more in cytoplasm in the specimens after PST than those before PST, and the score tended to be negatively correlated with tumor shrinkage rate in HER2 subtype (r = -0.593, p = 0.0705). These results suggest that nuclear and/or cytoplasmic hTERT may play a different role before and after PST including the tumorigenesis and drug-resistance in breast cancer. Suppression of cytoplasmic hTERT expression may lead to more effective strategy for drug-resistant HER2 subtype in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Uno
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Division of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Keita Miyakawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Naoko Akiyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Yuki Kamikokura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Sayaka Yuzawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitada
- Breast Center, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Takei
- Ochsner LSU Health Shreveport-Academic Medical Center, 1541 Kings Highway Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Mishie Tanino
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University Hospital, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 0788510, Japan.
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Tian Y, Liu H, Wang M, Wang R, Yi G, Zhang M, Chen R. Role of STAT3 and NRF2 in Tumors: Potential Targets for Antitumor Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248768. [PMID: 36557902 PMCID: PMC9781355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2, also known as NFE2L2), are two of the most complicated transcription regulators, which participate in a variety of physiological processes. Numerous studies have shown that they are overactivated in multiple types of tumors. Interestingly, STAT3 and NRF2 can also interact with each other to regulate tumor progression. Hence, these two important transcription factors are considered key targets for developing a new class of antitumor drugs. This review summarizes the pivotal roles of the two transcription regulators and their interactions in the tumor microenvironment to identify potential antitumor drug targets and, ultimately, improve patients' health and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Tian
- Medical Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Haiqing Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (Institute of Basic Medical Sciences), Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250024, China
| | - Mengwei Wang
- School of Stomatology, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Ruihao Wang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Guandong Yi
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Medical Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
| | - Ruijiao Chen
- Medical Laboratory of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-537-361-6216
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Overcoming Resistance to HER2-Directed Therapies in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163996. [PMID: 36010990 PMCID: PMC9406173 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the United States. Around 15% of all breast cancers overexpress the HER2 protein. These HER2-positive tumors have been associated with aggressive behavior if left untreated. Drugs targeting HER2 have greatly improved the outcomes of patients with HER2-positive tumors in the last decades. Despite these improvements, many patients with early breast cancer have recurrences, and many with advanced disease experience progression of disease on HER2-targeted drugs, suggesting that patients can develop resistance to these medications. In this review, we summarize several mechanisms of resistance to HER2-targeted treatments. Understanding how the tumors grow despite these therapies could allow us to develop better treatment strategies to continue to improve patient outcomes. Abstract Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer accounts for around 15% of all breast cancers and was historically associated with a worse prognosis compared with other breast cancer subtypes. With the development of HER2-directed therapies, the outcomes of patients with HER2-positive disease have improved dramatically; however, many patients present with de novo or acquired resistance to these therapies, which leads to early recurrences or progression of advanced disease. In this narrative review, we discuss the mechanisms of resistance to different HER2-targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, small tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates. We review mechanisms such as impaired binding to HER2, incomplete receptor inhibition, increased signaling from other receptors, cross-talk with estrogen receptors, and PIK3CA pathway activation. We also discuss the role of the tumor immune microenvironment and HER2-heterogeneity, and the unique mechanisms of resistance to novel antibody-drug conjugates. A better understanding of these mechanisms and the potential strategies to overcome them will allow us to continue improving outcomes for patients with breast cancer.
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