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Lee B, Pabst TP, Hierlmeier G, Chirik PJ. Exploring the Effect of Pincer Rigidity on Oxidative Addition Reactions with Cobalt(I) Complexes. Organometallics 2023; 42:708-718. [PMID: 37223209 PMCID: PMC10201995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt complexes containing the 2,6-diaminopyridine-substituted PNP pincer (iPrPNMeNP = 2,6-(iPr2PNMe)2(C5H3N)) were synthesized. A combination of solid-state structures and investigation of the cobalt(I)/(II) redox potential established a relatively rigid and electron-donating chelating ligand as compared to iPrPNP (iPrPNP = 2,6-(iPr2PCH2)2(C5H3N)). Based on a buried volume analysis, the two pincer ligands are sterically indistinguishable. Nearly planar, diamagnetic, four-coordinate complexes were observed independent of the field strength (chloride, alkyl, aryl) of the fourth ligand completing the coordination sphere of the metal. Computational studies supported a higher barrier for C-H oxidative addition, largely a result of the increased rigidity of the pincer. The increased oxidative addition barrier resulted in stabilization of (iPrPNMeNP)Co(I) complexes, enabling the characterization of the cobalt boryl and the cobalt hydride dimer by X-ray crystallography. Moreover, (iPrPNMeNP)CoMe served as an efficient precatalyst for alkene hydroboration likely because of the reduced propensity to undergo oxidative addition, demonstrating that reactivity and catalytic performance can be tuned by rigidity of pincer ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Tyler P Pabst
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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2
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Li BW, Yan J, Wang X, Yu X, Li X, Ling-jian Z, Li H. Theoretical study on Rh(III)-Catalyzed reaction of allenylsilanes with N-methoxybenzamides. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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3
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Ligand-controlled Cobalt-Catalyzed Formation of Carbon–Boron Bonds: Hydroboration vs. C–H/B–H Dehydrocoupling. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Bose SK, Mao L, Kuehn L, Radius U, Nekvinda J, Santos WL, Westcott SA, Steel PG, Marder TB. First-Row d-Block Element-Catalyzed Carbon-Boron Bond Formation and Related Processes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13238-13341. [PMID: 34618418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron reagents represent a unique class of compounds because of their utility in modern synthetic organic chemistry, often affording unprecedented reactivity. The transformation of the carbon-boron bond into a carbon-X (X = C, N, and O) bond in a stereocontrolled fashion has become invaluable in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, and natural products chemistry as well as materials science. Over the past decade, first-row d-block transition metals have become increasingly widely used as catalysts for the formation of a carbon-boron bond, a transformation traditionally catalyzed by expensive precious metals. This recent focus on alternative transition metals has enabled growth in fundamental methods in organoboron chemistry. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in the use of first-row d-block element-based catalysts for the formation of carbon-boron bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore-562112, India
| | - Lujia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, 571199 Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Laura Kuehn
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Nekvinda
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Stephen A Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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5
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Nad P, Mukherjee A. Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions by Manganese Pincer Complexes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pinaki Nad
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai GEC Campus Sejbahar Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015 India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai GEC Campus Sejbahar Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015 India
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Theoretical investigation on the mechanism of rhodium-catalyzed C-H dienylation of acetanilide with aryl allene. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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7
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Esteruelas MA, Martínez A, Oliván M, Oñate E. Direct C-H Borylation of Arenes Catalyzed by Saturated Hydride-Boryl-Iridium-POP Complexes: Kinetic Analysis of the Elemental Steps. Chemistry 2020; 26:12632-12644. [PMID: 32428335 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The saturated trihydride IrH3 {κ3 -P,O,P-[xant(PiPr2 )2 ]} (1; xant(PiPr2 )2 =9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diisopropylphosphino)xanthene) activates the B-H bond of two molecules of pinacolborane (HBpin) to give H2 , the hydride-boryl derivatives IrH2 (Bpin){κ3 -P,O,P-[xant(PiPr2 )2 ]} (2) and IrH(Bpin)2 {κ3 -P,O,P-[xant(PiPr2 )2 ]} (3) in a sequential manner. Complex 3 activates a C-H bond of two molecules of benzene to form PhBpin and regenerates 2 and 1, also in a sequential manner. Thus, complexes 1, 2, and 3 define two cycles for the catalytic direct C-H borylation of arenes with HBpin, which have dihydride 2 as a common intermediate. C-H bond activation of the arenes is the rate-determining step of both cycles, as the C-H oxidative addition to 3 is faster than to 2. The results from a kinetic study of the reactions of 1 and 2 with HBpin support a cooperative function of the hydride ligands in the B-H bond activation. The addition of the boron atom of the borane to a hydride facilitates the coordination of the B-H bond through the formation of κ1 - and κ2 -dihydrideborate intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Montserrat Oliván
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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8
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Foley BJ, Palit CM, Bhuvanesh N, Zhou J, Ozerov OV. Concerted aryl-sulfur reductive elimination from PNP pincer-supported Co(iii) and subsequent Co(i)/Co(iii) comproportionation. Chem Sci 2020; 11:6075-6084. [PMID: 32953010 PMCID: PMC7480512 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01813a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This report discloses a combined experimental and computational study aimed at understanding C-S reductive elimination from Co(iii) supported by a diarylamido/bis(phosphine) PNP pincer ligand. Divalent (PNP)Co-aryl complexes could be easily oxidized to five-coordinate Co(iii) derivatives, and anion metathesis provided five-coordinate (PNP)Co(Ar)(SAr') complexes of Co(iii). In contrast to their previously described (POCOP)Co(Ar)(SAr') analogs, but similarly to the (PNP)Rh(Ar)(SAr') and (POCOP)Rh(Ar)(SAr') analogs, (PNP)Co(Ar)(SAr') undergo C-S reductive elimination with the formation of the desired diarylsulfide product ArSAr'. DFT studies and experimental observations are consistent with a concerted process. However, in contrast to the Rh analogs, the immediate product of such reductive elimination, the unobserved Co(i) complex (PNP)Co, un-dergoes rapid comproportionation with the (PNP)Co(Ar)(SAr') starting material to give Co(ii) compounds (PNP)Co-Ar and (PNP)Co-SAr'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J Foley
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77842 , USA .
| | - Chandra Mouli Palit
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77842 , USA .
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77842 , USA .
| | - Jia Zhou
- School of Science , Harbin Institute of Technology , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Oleg V Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , 3255 TAMU , College Station , Texas 77842 , USA .
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Liu YH, Jiang ZJ. Computational understanding of catalyst-controlled borylation of fluoroarenes: directed vs. undirected pathway. RSC Adv 2020; 10:19562-19569. [PMID: 35515481 PMCID: PMC9054080 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03428b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to understand the origin of the regioselective C–H borylation of aromatics catalyzed by Co(i)/iPrPNP and Ir(iii)/dtbpy (4,4-di-tert-butyl bipyridine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-hua Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering
- Guangzhou University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zhong-Jie Jiang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Surface Chemistry of Energy Materials
- New Energy Research Institute
- College of Environment and Energy
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
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10
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Recent advances in the chemistry of group 9—Pincer organometallics. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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11
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Arevalo R, Chirik PJ. Enabling Two-Electron Pathways with Iron and Cobalt: From Ligand Design to Catalytic Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9106-9123. [PMID: 31084022 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Homogeneous catalysis with Earth-abundant, first-row transition metals, including iron and cobalt, has gained considerable recent attention as a potentially cost-effective and sustainable alternative to more commonly and historically used precious metals. Because fundamental organometallic transformations, such as oxidative addition and reductive elimination, are two-electron processes and essential steps in many important catalytic cycles, controlling redox chemistry-in particular overcoming one-electron chemistry-has been as a central challenge with Earth-abundant metals. This Perspective focuses on approaches to impart sufficiently strong ligand fields to generate electron-rich metal complexes able to promote oxidative addition reactions where the redox changes are exclusively metal-based. Emphasis is placed on how ligand design and exploration of fundamental organometallic chemistry coupled with mechanistic understanding have been used to discover iron catalysts for the hydrogen isotope exchange in pharmaceuticals and cobalt catalysts for C(sp2)-H borylation reactions. A pervasive theme is that first-row metal complexes often promote unique chemistry from their precious-metal counterparts, demonstrating that these elements offer a host of new opportunities for reaction discovery and for more sustainable catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Arevalo
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry , Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey 08544 , United States
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12
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Agahi R, Challinor AJ, Dunne J, Docherty JH, Carter NB, Thomas SP. Regiodivergent hydrosilylation, hydrogenation, [2π + 2π]-cycloaddition and C-H borylation using counterion activated earth-abundant metal catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5079-5084. [PMID: 31183059 PMCID: PMC6524663 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05391j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Low oxidation-state iron- and cobalt catalysis has been enabled using tetrafluoroborate activation across 5 reaction classes and seven ligand frameworks using a single catalysis protocol.
The widespread adoption of earth-abundant metal catalysis lags behind that of the second- and third-row transition metals due to the often challenging practical requirements needed to generate the active low oxidation-state catalysts. Here we report the development of a single endogenous activation protocol across five reaction classes using both iron- and cobalt pre-catalysts. This simple catalytic manifold uses commercially available, bench-stable iron- or cobalt tetrafluoroborate salts to perform regiodivergent alkene and alkyne hydrosilylation, 1,3-diene hydrosilylation, hydrogenation, [2π + 2π]-cycloaddition and C–H borylation. The activation protocol proceeds by fluoride dissociation from the counterion, in situ formation of a hydridic activator and generation of a low oxidation-state catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Agahi
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road , Edinburgh , EH9 3FJ , UK .
| | - Amy J Challinor
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road , Edinburgh , EH9 3FJ , UK .
| | - Joanne Dunne
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road , Edinburgh , EH9 3FJ , UK .
| | - Jamie H Docherty
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road , Edinburgh , EH9 3FJ , UK .
| | - Neil B Carter
- Syngenta , Jealott's Hill International Research Centre , Bracknell , Berkshire RG42 6EX , UK
| | - Stephen P Thomas
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Road , Edinburgh , EH9 3FJ , UK .
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Leon NJ, Yu HC, Mazzacano TJ, Mankad NP. Mixed phosphine/carbonyl derivatives of heterobimetallic copper–iron and copper–tungsten catalysts. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.09.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Gandeepan P, Müller T, Zell D, Cera G, Warratz S, Ackermann L. 3d Transition Metals for C-H Activation. Chem Rev 2018; 119:2192-2452. [PMID: 30480438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1402] [Impact Index Per Article: 233.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material sciences, crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these C-H functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given the cost-effective and sustainable nature of earth-abundant first row transition metals, the development of less toxic, inexpensive 3d metal catalysts for C-H activation has gained considerable recent momentum as a significantly more environmentally-benign and economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview on first row transition metal catalysts for C-H activation until summer 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Daniel Zell
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bhilai, GEC Campus, Sejbahar, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492015, India
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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