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McCorkle G, Andres A, Sims CR, Casey PH, Sorensen ST, Durey T, Bellando J. Exploring the relationship between child temperament, maternal psychiatric symptoms, family environment and infant feeding. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2024:e13728. [PMID: 39228139 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Infant temperament is assumed to be primarily innate. However, newer research suggests that maternal affection impacts ratings of temperament and environmental factors, including feeding method, can also influence infant temperament. This study investigates child temperament and its relationships with maternal psychiatric symptoms, environmental variables and feeding method longitudinally in a cohort of children followed from 6 to 72 months. Differences in temperament by feeding group are also investigated. We hypothesized that maternal psychiatric symptoms, environmental stressors, and impaired family dynamics would have negative impact on child temperament, whereas breastfeeding would have a positive impact on child temperament. METHOD Mothers' ratings of child's temperament, own psychiatric symptomatology, environmental stresses and family cohesion were obtained in 504 mother-infant dyads via rating scales completed by mothers. Infants were breastfeed (BF), fed soy-based infant formula (SF) or dairy-based infant formula (MF). Linear mixed effect models investigated the relationship of variables on child's temperament while controlling for significant covariates and repeated measurements. RESULTS Mothers in this study did not endorse clinical-level psychiatric symptomatology; however, when adjusted for significant covariates, higher psychiatric symptomatology significantly correlated with environmental stressors, impaired family dynamics and elevations in temperament ratings of infants' adaptability and mood. There were no lasting differences for temperament between feeding groups. However, some significant transient increases in rhythmicity and adaptability were found between SF and BF children. CONCLUSION Positive relationships between family environment stressors and maternal psychiatric ratings were found. Transient differences were found in child temperament based upon feeding method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginger McCorkle
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Clark R Sims
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Patrick H Casey
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Seth T Sorensen
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Trevor Durey
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Jayne Bellando
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Tauriello S, Moding K, Aronoff N, Kubiniec E, Anzman-Frasca S. Examining links between child temperament and feeding, eating, and weight outcomes: An updated systematic review of the literature. Eat Behav 2023; 49:101739. [PMID: 37209569 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight outcomes have been associated with child temperament, defined as individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation. The current systematic review aims to provide an updated summary of the evidence linking temperamental negative reactivity, surgency, and regulation superfactors to early childhood feeding, eating, and weight outcomes. METHODS PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase databases, as well as scientific meeting programs, were searched using keywords and subject headings. Publication dates were limited to 2012-2019 as prior reviews were published in 2012 and 2014. Identified studies were eligible if they included children ages 0-5 years, a measure of child temperament, and a measure of parent/caregiver feeding, child eating, or child weight. 7113 studies were identified and 121 met inclusion criteria. RESULTS Feeding, eating, and weight outcomes were largely unrelated to overarching negative reactivity, surgency, and effortful control superfactors. Examination of individual temperament dimensions suggested difficult temperament was frequently linked to non-responsive feeding practices, whereas elevated emotionality and decreased self-regulation were linked to maladaptive eating behaviors, and lower inhibitory control to adiposity. Analyses with infants reported greater percentages of significant associations compared to children, and cross-sectional studies generally reported fewer significant associations than other study designs. CONCLUSIONS Difficult temperament, greater emotionality and lower self-regulation and inhibitory control were the aspects of temperament most consistently related to poorer early childhood feeding, eating, and weight outcomes. Associations tended to be stronger in infancy, and when examined within a non-cross-sectional study design. Findings can inform the development of tailored efforts to promote healthy eating and growth throughout childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tauriello
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Kameron Moding
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Nell Aronoff
- University Libraries, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Kubiniec
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Anzman-Frasca
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America; Center for Ingestive Behavior Research, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States of America.
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Freund-Azaria A, Bar-Shalita T, Regev R, Bart O. The Role of Motor Coordination, ADHD-Related Characteristics and Temperament among Mothers and Infants in Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Cohort Prospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5509. [PMID: 35564903 PMCID: PMC9099549 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months of life, breastfeeding rates are low. Motor skills and ADHD-related characteristics have not yet been examined as breastfeeding barriers. The aim of this study was to explore whether mothers' and infants' motor skills, mothers' ADHD-related characteristics and infants' temperament are associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months after birth. Participants were 164 mothers and their infants recruited 2 days after birth. Mothers completed a demographic and delivery information questionnaire, the Infant Feeding Intentions Scale and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. At 6 months, mothers completed the Adult DCD (developmental coordination disorder)/Dyspraxia Checklist, the Adult ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) Self-Report Scale Symptom Checklist-v1.1, and the Infant Characteristics Questionnaire, and provided information about their breastfeeding status. They were then divided into two groups accordingly: EBF (exclusive breastfeeding) and NEBF (non-exclusive breastfeeding). Infants were observed using the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. At 6 months, NEBF mothers reported higher prevalence of DCD (10.2% vs. 1.9%, χ2 = 5.561, p = 0.018) and ADHD (20.3% vs. 8.6%, χ2 = 4.680, p = 0.030) compared to EBF mothers. EBF infants demonstrated better motor coordination (t = 2.47, p = 0.016, d = 0.511), but no temperament differences compared to NEBF infants. Maternal DCD, ADHD and poor infant motor coordination are associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding and may become exclusive breastfeeding barriers. These findings may assist in identifying women at risk of not exclusively breastfeeding and encourage tailoring interventions for achieving higher exclusive breastfeeding rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Freund-Azaria
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.F.-A.); (T.B.-S.)
- Department of Neonatology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel
| | - Tami Bar-Shalita
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.F.-A.); (T.B.-S.)
| | - Rivka Regev
- Clalit Health Organization and Neonatal Follow-Up Clinic, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel;
| | - Orit Bart
- Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.F.-A.); (T.B.-S.)
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Mallise CA, Murphy VE, Campbell LE, Woolard AJ, Whalen OM, Milton G, Mattes J, Collison A, Gibson PG, Karayanidis F, Lane AE. Early Sensory and Temperament Features in Infants Born to Mothers With Asthma: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:713804. [PMID: 34690871 PMCID: PMC8531526 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.713804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal asthma in pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Adverse perinatal outcomes may result in poorer infant developmental outcomes, such as temperament and sensory difficulties. This study aimed to (1) assess differences in temperament and sensory features between infants born to mothers with and without asthma and (2) investigate differences in these infant behaviours as a function of maternal asthma severity and asthma control. Mothers completed the Carey Temperament Scales and the Sensory Profile 2 at either 6 weeks, 6 months, or 12 months postpartum. Overall, we observed no significant differences between infants born to mothers with and without asthma in their temperament or sensory features; scores in both domains fell within the normative range. More infants in the asthma group, however, were reported to be highly distractible. When compared with normative data, infants in both groups were reported to have poor predictability of biological functions and fewer infants engaged in low levels of sensory behaviours. Some infants were observed to experience difficulties with hyper-reactivity within several domains. Maternal asthma severity and control during pregnancy were not linked to significant differences between infant temperament and sensory features. The present findings indicate that infants born to mothers with asthma are not at an increased risk overall for temperament or sensory difficulties, compared to control infants. However, a subset of infants across both groups may be at risk for attention or sensory hyper-reactivity difficulties. Further research into the developmental outcomes of infants born to mothers with asthma is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly A. Mallise
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa E. Murphy
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Linda E. Campbell
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Alix J. Woolard
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivia M. Whalen
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Milton
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Children’s Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam Collison
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter G. Gibson
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Frini Karayanidis
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Alison E. Lane
- Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Moubareck CA. Human Milk Microbiota and Oligosaccharides: A Glimpse into Benefits, Diversity, and Correlations. Nutrients 2021; 13:1123. [PMID: 33805503 PMCID: PMC8067037 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk represents a cornerstone for growth and development of infants, with extensive array of benefits. In addition to exceptionally nutritive and bioactive components, human milk encompasses a complex community of signature bacteria that helps establish infant gut microbiota, contributes to maturation of infant immune system, and competitively interferes with pathogens. Among bioactive constituents of milk, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are particularly significant. These are non-digestible carbohydrates forming the third largest solid component in human milk. Valuable effects of HMOs include shaping intestinal microbiota, imparting antimicrobial effects, developing intestinal barrier, and modulating immune response. Moreover, recent investigations suggest correlations between HMOs and milk microbiota, with complex links possibly existing with environmental factors, genetics, geographical location, and other factors. In this review, and from a physiological and health implications perspective, milk benefits for newborns and mothers are highlighted. From a microbiological perspective, a focused insight into milk microbiota, including origins, diversity, benefits, and effect of maternal diet is presented. From a metabolic perspective, biochemical, physiological, and genetic significance of HMOs, and their probable relations to milk microbiota, are addressed. Ongoing research into mechanistic processes through which the rich biological assets of milk promote development, shaping of microbiota, and immunity is tackled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Ayoub Moubareck
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, United Arab Emirates
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Kotowski J, Fowler C, Hourigan C, Orr F. Bottle-feeding an infant feeding modality: An integrative literature review. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2020; 16:e12939. [PMID: 31908144 PMCID: PMC7083444 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bottle-feeding is an infant feeding modality that has been in existence since ancient times, and currently, a significant number of infants are being fed via a bottle with either breastmilk or formula. Although research on bottle-feeding has continued, it exists in fragmented, often small studies that focus on singular aspects of feeding an infant using a bottle, with limited information on the bottle-feeding act. Systems theory was the approach used to define the act of bottle-feeding and identify the parts within this act. Health databases were searched using MeSH terms. A summary of the studies are included. The findings of this review revealed that healthy term bottle-feeding infants use similar tongue and jaw movements, can create suction and sequentially use teat compression to obtain milk, with minimal differences in oxygen saturation and SSB patterns, when compared with breastfeeding infants. Bottle and teat characteristics were revealed to affect infant feeding and milk intake. An infant's milk intake during feeding was shown to have a strong association with the interaction between the infant and parent/caregiver. With the issue of who controls the feed, mother or infant, likely to affect an infant's ability to self-regulate their milk intake. Redefining bottle-feeding as a holistic system identifies the interrelationship of the various parts which will improve the understanding of the reciprocal nature of infant feeding. To optimize bottle-feeding outcomes, further research is required on parents' and health professionals' knowledge and understanding of the parts within the act of bottle-feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Kotowski
- Faculty of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Cathrine Fowler
- Faculty of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Fiona Orr
- Faculty of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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JayaSalengia B, Rajeswari S, Nalini S. The Relationship between Maternal Confidence, Infant Temperament, and Postpartum Depression. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2019; 24:437-443. [PMID: 31772918 PMCID: PMC6875894 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_208_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Although several studies have emphasized the correlation of infant temperament and maternal confidence, this topic has not been explored in different culture and geographical contexts. We study association of maternal confidence, infant temperament, and postpartum depression among postnatal mothers. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sriramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, India from July 2017 to May 2018. The sample population comprised of mothers at 6 weeks of postnatal period attending the Immunization Clinic. The instruments used were standardized Karitane's Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS), Bates Infant Characteristics Questionnaire (BICQ), and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from postnatal mothers. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) ver. 19, using analysis of variance, correlation coefficient, multivariable regression. Results In this study, 64.40% of the population had high level of confidence and 80% postnatal mothers had no depression. A significant association (t 2= 18.15, p = 0.001) was seen between maternal confidence, family support, and place of living. Regression analysis showed that confidence of postnatal mothers has a significant influence (t 2= 12.48, p < 0.005) on infant temperament. Conclusions Two-third of the postnatal mothers had high confidence level with no depression. A positive correlation between postpartum depression and infant temperament was found to be associated with income, parity, and maternal confidence. A significant association was also seen of infant temperament with type of family, income, place of living, and sex of the baby.
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Affiliation(s)
- BabuHalina JayaSalengia
- Faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Singaravelu Rajeswari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - SiralaJagadeesh Nalini
- Professor and Principal, Faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Peñacoba C, Catala P. Associations Between Breastfeeding and Mother-Infant Relationships: A Systematic Review. Breastfeed Med 2019; 14:616-629. [PMID: 31424264 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2019.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Breastfeeding has been associated to an improved mother-child bond, although this link is lacking the sufficient empirical support. Aims: The aims of this study were to carry out a systematic review as a continuation to the one by Jansen et al., and to clarify the link between breastfeeding and mother-infant relationships. Materials and Methods: Data sources: A search was conducted using PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and CINAHL (2008-2018), using both free text words and subject headings. Additional hand-searching was performed. Study selection: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework guided (the reporting of) the study selection and data extraction. Eligible articles were subsequently selected by title, abstract, and full text review. Data extraction: Data regarding study setting, participants, breastfeeding, mother-infant relationships, and outcome measures were extracted in a systematic way. Results of Data Synthesis: Ultimately, 13 articles were included. Most studies were conducted in Europe (46.15%) and were nonexperimental studies (92.3%). Eight studies were longitudinal, using between two and five assessment time points. The instruments used to assess the bond between mother and child showed great variability. From the studies, 8 (61.5%) employed self-report measures and four assessed maternal perception. Others used open-ended questions regarding the maternal lactation process or about the mother's activity while breastfeeding. Other measures used were maternal perception of her baby and personality variables associated to breastfeeding. Five articles studied the bond using external observations of the interactions between mother-child. The quality of the studies (Medical Education Research Studies Quality Instrument [MERSQI]) was overall fair to good. Conclusion: It is complicated to extract generalizable results because of the conceptual and instrumental variability of the mother-child relationship. This association is complex and the way in which breastfeeding is carried out would appear to be a decisive factor, influenced in turn by additional variables that should also be taken into account. The relationship indicators most frequently associated to breastfeeding are maternal sensitivity and secure attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Peñacoba
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Public Health, Psychology and Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Odontology and Nursing, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Catala
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Public Health, Psychology and Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Odontology and Nursing, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
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Krol KM, Grossmann T. Psychological effects of breastfeeding on children and mothers. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2019; 61:977-985. [PMID: 29934681 PMCID: PMC6096620 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-018-2769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
While the nutritional and physical health benefits of breastfeeding are well established, accumulating research demonstrates the far-reaching psychological effects of breastfeeding on children and their mothers. Here, we provide a non-exhaustive review of the empirical evidence, showing that breastfeeding impacts children's brain, cognitive, and socio-emotional development. In mothers, research is presented indicating that breastfeeding influences mood, affect, stress, and maternal care. The current review aims to provide a broad overview of existing findings on the psychological effects of breastfeeding, highlighting the important role that breastfeeding plays across several dimensions of psychological functioning. We also discuss the potential mechanisms that may underpin the observed effects, provide a constructive commentary on the limitations of the existing work, and put forth some considerations when evaluating this line of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Krol
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 485 McCormick Road, 22903, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tobias Grossmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, 485 McCormick Road, 22903, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
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What promotes and hinders success in breastfeeding in hospital care? – the role of social support and anxiety. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2018. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2018.73051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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