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Cai H, Li C, Wu Z. lncRNA RMST is associated with the progression and prognosis of gastric cancer via miR-204-5p. Cell Div 2024; 19:12. [PMID: 38610003 PMCID: PMC11015603 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-024-00117-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploring novel biomarkers for gastric cancer holds promise for enhancing patients' therapy and survival rates. lncRNAs and miRNAs have emerged as important biomarkers for various human cancers. However, the role of lncRNA RMST (RMST) in gastric cancer development and the mechanism underlying its function remains unclear. RESULTS Significant upregulation of RMST was observed in gastric cancer tumor tissues. RMST levels showed strong correlation with patients' lymph node metastasis and TNM stage and serving as a predictor of adverse prognosis RMST negatively regulated miR-204-5p, which in turn mediated the inhibitory effects of RMST knockdown on gastric cancer cell growth and metastasis. CONCLUSION RMST served as both a prognostic biomarker and tumor promoter by modulating miR-204-5p. Inhibiting RMST could represent a novel and potential therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 190, Dadao Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350000, China.
| | - Chenhui Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Zhou Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 190, Dadao Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350000, China
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Zhuang LP, Gao WJ, Fang LL, Zeng GR, Ye QY, Dai XM, Zhang J, Chen XC. HnRNPK is involved in stress-induced depression-like behavior via ERK-BDNF pathway in mice. Neurochem Int 2023; 169:105589. [PMID: 37543308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
As a ubiquitous RNA-binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) interacts with numerous nucleic acids and proteins and is involved in various cellular functions. Available literature indicates that it can regulate dendritic spine density through the extracellular signal-regulating kinase (ERK) - brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, which is crucial to retain the synaptic plasticity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and mouse depression models. However, ERK upstream regulatory kinase has not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, it remains unexplored whether hnRNPK may impact the depressive condition via the ERK pathway. The present study addressed this issue by integrating approaches of genetics, molecular biology, behavioral testing. We found that hnRNPK in the brain was mainly distributed in the hippocampal neurons; that it was significantly downregulated in mice that displayed stress-induced depression-like behaviors; and that the level of hnRNPK markedly decreased in MDD patients from the GEO database. Further in vivo and in vitro analyses revealed that the changes in the expressions of BDNF and PSD95 and in the phosphorylation of ERK (Thr202/Tyr204) paralleled the variation of hnRNPK levels in the ventral hippocampal neurons in mice with depression-like behaviors. Finally, esketamine treatment significantly increased the level of hnRNPK in mice. These findings evidence that hnRNPK involved in the pathogenesis of depression via the ERK-BDNF pathway, pinpointing hnRNPK as a potential therapeutic target in treating MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv-Ping Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Liu-Lv Fang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Gui-Rong Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Qin-Yong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Man Dai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China.
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Zhao H, Tan Z, Zhou J, Wu Y, Hu Q, Ling Q, Ling J, Liu M, Ma J, Zhang D, Wang Y, Zhang J, Yu P, Jiang Y, Liu X. The regulation of circRNA and lncRNAprotein binding in cardiovascular diseases: Emerging therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115067. [PMID: 37392655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are a class of ribonucleic acids (RNAs) that carry cellular information and perform essential functions. This class encompasses various RNAs, such as small nuclear ribonucleic acids (snRNA), small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNA) and many other kinds of RNA. Of these, circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) and long noncoding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) are two types of ncRNAs that regulate crucial physiological and pathological processes, including binding, in several organs through interactions with other RNAs or proteins. Recent studies indicate that these RNAs interact with various proteins, including protein 53, nuclear factor-kappa B, vascular endothelial growth factor, and fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma, to regulate both the histological and electrophysiological aspects of cardiac development as well as cardiovascular pathogenesis, ultimately leading to a variety of genetic heart diseases, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, rheumatic heart disease and cardiomyopathies. This paper presents a thorough review of recent studies on circRNA and lncRNAprotein binding within cardiac and vascular cells. It offers insight into the molecular mechanisms involved and emphasizes potential implications for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ziqi Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qingwen Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qing Ling
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Menglu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China.
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Kunze R, Fischer S, Marti HH, Preissner KT. Brain alarm by self-extracellular nucleic acids: from neuroinflammation to neurodegeneration. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:64. [PMID: 37550658 PMCID: PMC10405513 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, as well as the neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease are accompanied or even powered by danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), defined as endogenous molecules released from stressed or damaged tissue. Besides protein-related DAMPs or "alarmins", numerous nucleic acid DAMPs exist in body fluids, such as cell-free nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as well as different species of extracellular RNA, collectively termed as self-extracellular nucleic acids (SENAs). Among these, microRNA, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs and extracellular ribosomal RNA constitute the majority of RNA-based DAMPs. Upon tissue injury, necrosis or apoptosis, such SENAs are released from neuronal, immune and other cells predominantly in association with extracellular vesicles and may be translocated to target cells where they can induce intracellular regulatory pathways in gene transcription and translation. The majority of SENA-induced signaling reactions in the brain appear to be related to neuroinflammatory processes, often causally associated with the onset or progression of the respective disease. In this review, the impact of the diverse types of SENAs on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed. Based on the accumulating knowledge in this field, several specific antagonistic approaches are presented that could serve as therapeutic interventions to lower the pathological outcome of the indicated brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Kunze
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hugo H. Marti
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Kerckhoff-Heart-Research-Institute, Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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Huo K, Xu J, Ma K, Wang J, Wei M, Zhang M, Guo Q, Qu Q. Loganin attenuates neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke and fracture by regulating α7nAChR-mediated microglial polarization. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:926-940. [PMID: 36637150 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fracture in acute stage of ischemic stroke can increase inflammatory response and enhance stroke injury. Loganin alleviates the symptoms of many inflammatory diseases through its anti-inflammatory effect, but its role in ischemic stroke and fracture remains to be explored. Here, mice were handled with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) followed by tibial fracture 1 day later to establish a pMCAO+fracture model. Loganin or Methyllycaconitine (MLA, a specific a7nAchR inhibitor) were intragastrically administered 2 or 0.5 h before pMCAO, respectively. And mouse motor function and infarct volume were evaluated 3 days after pMCAO. We found that loganin alleviated the neurological deficit, cerebral infarction volume, and neuronal apoptosis (NeuN+ TUNEL+ ) in mice with pMCAO+fracture. And loganin suppressed pMCAO+fracture-induced neuroinflammation by promoting M2 microglia polarization (Iba1+ CD206+ ) and inhibiting M1 microglia polarization (Iba1+ CD11b+ ). While administration with MLA reversed the protective effect of loganin on pMCAO+fracture-induced neurological deficit and neuroinflammation. Next, LPS was used to stimulate BV2 microglia to simulate pMCAO+fracture-induced inflammatory microenvironment in vitro. Loganin facilitated the transformation of LPS-stimulated BV2 cells from M1 pro-inflammatory state (CD11b+ ) to M2 anti-inflammatory state (CD206+ ), which was antagonized by treatment with MLA. And loganin induced autophagy activation in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells by activating a7nAchR. Moreover, treatment with rapamycin (an autophagy activator) neutralized the inhibitory effect of MLA on loganin induced transformation of BV2 cells to M2 phenotype. Furthermore, BV2 cells were treated with LPS, LPS + loganin, LPS + loganin+MLA, or LPS + loganin+MLA+ rapamycin to obtain conditioned medium (CM) for stimulating primary neurons. Loganin reduced the damage of primary neurons caused by LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia through activating a7nAchR and inducing autophagy activation. In conclusion, loganin played anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles in pMCAO + fracture mice by activating a7nAchR, enhancing autophagy and promoting M2 polarization of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Center of brain health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaige Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyue Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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6
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Yu Z, Hu E, Cai Y, Zhu W, Chen Q, Li T, Li Z, Wang Y, Tang T. mRNA and lncRNA co-expression network in mice of acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1166875. [PMID: 37187956 PMCID: PMC10175784 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1166875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe subtype of stroke lacking effective pharmacological targets. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) has been confirmed to participate in the pathophysiological progress of various neurological disorders. However, how lncRNA affects ICH outcomes in the acute phase is not completely clear. In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA following ICH. Method We conducted the autologous blood injection ICH model and extracted total RNAs on day 7. Microarray scanning was used to obtain mRNA and lncRNA profiles, which were validated by RT-qPCR. GO/KEGG analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs was performed using the Metascape platform. We calculated the Pearson correlation coefficients (PCCs) of lncRNA-mRNA for co-expression network construction. A competitive endogenous (Ce-RNA) network was established based on DIANALncBase and miRDB database. Finally, the Ce-RNA network was visualized and analyzed by Cytoscape. Results In total, 570 differentially expressed mRNAs and 313 differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified (FC ≥ 2 and value of p <0.05). The function of differentially expressed mRNAs was mainly enriched in immune response, inflammation, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and other typical pathways. The lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network contained 57 nodes (21 lncRNAs and 36 mRNAs) and 38 lncRNA-mRNA pairs. The ce-RNA network was generated with 303 nodes (29 lncRNAs, 163 mRNAs, and 111 miRNAs) and 906 edges. Three hub clusters were selected to indicate the most significant lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions. Conclusion Our study suggests that the top differentially expressed RNA molecules may be the biomarker of acute ICH. Furthermore, the hub lncRNA-mRNA pairs and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA correlations may provide new clues for ICH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - En Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yiqing Cai
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenxin Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhilin Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Tang,
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Wang Z, Chen J, Sun F, Zhao X, Dong Y, Yu S, Li J, Liang H. LncRNA CRLM1 inhibits apoptosis and promotes metastasis through transcriptional regulation cooperated with hnRNPK in colorectal cancer. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:120. [PMID: 35907898 PMCID: PMC9338583 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00849-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) continue to have a low survival rate. The number of CRLM regulators and clinical indicators remains limited. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a new master regulator of cell invasion and metastasis. However, the function and regulation mechanism of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis are yet unknown. Methods To screen and identify CRLM-related lncRNAs, public transcriptome data were used. Gain and loss of function experiments were carried out to investigate the biological activities of lncRNA CRLM1 in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP), immunofluorescence (IF), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, and rescue experiments were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of CRLM1. Moreover, identified the proteins, DNAs, and RNAs that interact with CRLM1. Results The investigation of lncRNA expression dynamics in CRLM, primary CRC, and normal tissues in this work resulted in identifying a series of lncRNAs associated with metastasis, including CRLM1. CRLM1 inhibited apoptosis of CRC cells and promoted liver metastasis in Balb/C nude mice. CRLM1 was weakly associated with the chromatin regions of genes involved in cell adhesion and DNA damage, and this association was bidirectionally correlated with CRLM1-regulated pro-metastatic gene expression. CRLM1 physically interacts with the hnRNPK protein and promotes its nuclear localization. CRLM1 effectively enhances hnRNPK promoter occupancy and co-regulates the expression of a panel of metastatic genes. Conclusions The finding of the clinically significant lncRNA CRLM1 in promoting metastasis and regulating gene expression suggests a potential biomarker and target for CRLM therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00849-9.
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Yang K, Zeng L, Ge A, Wang S, Zeng J, Yuan X, Mei Z, Wang G, Ge J. A systematic review of the research progress of non-coding RNA in neuroinflammation and immune regulation in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:930171. [PMID: 36275741 PMCID: PMC9585453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury is currently the disease with the highest mortality and disability rate of cardiovascular disease. Current studies have shown that nerve cells die of ischemia several hours after ischemic stroke, which activates the innate immune response in the brain, promotes the production of neurotoxic substances such as inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species and − nitrogen oxide, and mediates the destruction of blood-brain barrier and the occurrence of a series of inflammatory cascade reactions. Meanwhile, the expression of adhesion molecules in cerebral vascular endothelial cells increased, and immune inflammatory cells such as polymorphonuclear neutrophils, lymphocytes and mononuclear macrophages passed through vascular endothelial cells and entered the brain tissue. These cells recognize antigens exposed by the central nervous system in the brain, activate adaptive immune responses, and further mediate secondary neuronal damage, aggravating neurological deficits. In order to reduce the above-mentioned damage, the body induces peripheral immunosuppressive responses through negative feedback, which increases the incidence of post-stroke infection. This process is accompanied by changes in the immune status of the ischemic brain tissue in local and systemic systems. A growing number of studies implicate noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) as novel epigenetic regulatory elements in the dysfunction of various cell subsets in the neurovascular unit after cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. In particular, recent studies have revealed advances in ncRNA biology that greatly expand the understanding of epigenetic regulation of immune responses and inflammation after cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Identification of aberrant expression patterns and associated biological effects of ncRNAs in patients revealed their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury. Therefore, this review systematically presents recent studies on the involvement of ncRNAs in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury and neuroimmune inflammatory cascades, and elucidates the functions and mechanisms of cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion-related ncRNAs, providing new opportunities for the discovery of disease biomarkers and targeted therapy. Furthermore, this review introduces clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Display as a possible transformative tool for studying lncRNAs. In the future, ncRNA is expected to be used as a target for diagnosing cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury, judging its prognosis and treatment, thereby significantly improving the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Liuting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Anqi Ge
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Zeng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Guozuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jinwen Ge,
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Gao X, Cao Z, Tan H, Li P, Su W, Wan T, Guo W. LncRNA, an Emerging Approach for Neurological Diseases Treatment by Regulating Microglia Polarization. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:903472. [PMID: 35860297 PMCID: PMC9289270 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.903472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders cause untold human disability and death each year. For most neurological disorders, the efficacy of their primary treatment strategies remains suboptimal. Microglia are associated with the development and progression of multiple neurological disorders. Targeting the regulation of microglia polarization has emerged as an important therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders. Their pro-inflammatory (M1)/anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype microglia are closely associated with neuronal apoptosis, synaptic plasticity, blood-brain barrier integrity, resistance to iron death, and astrocyte regulation. LncRNA, a recently extensively studied non-coding transcript of over 200 nucleotides, has shown great value to intervene in microglia polarization. It can often participate in gene regulation of microglia by directly regulating transcription or sponging downstream miRNAs, for example. Through proper regulation, microglia can exert neuroprotective effects, reduce neurological damage and improve the prognosis of many neurological diseases. This paper reviews the progress of research linking lncRNAs to microglia polarization and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Gao
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zilong Cao
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Haifeng Tan
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Peiling Li
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Wenen Su
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Teng Wan
- Sports Medicine Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Teng Wan,
| | - Weiming Guo
- Sports Medicine Department, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Weiming Guo,
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10
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Lee WJ, Ji H, Jeong SD, Pandey PR, Gorospe M, Kim HH. LINC00162 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis by sponging PAQR4-targeting miR-485-5p. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:2943-2960. [PMID: 35491694 PMCID: PMC9846112 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that long intergenic noncoding RNAs play an important role in cancer progression by affecting gene regulation at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. Recent studies have shown that long intergenic noncoding RNA functions as a competitive endogenous RNA, which can interact with and mitigate the function of microRNA. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which LINC00162 regulates cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death. By analyzing RNA sequencing data, LINC00162 was identified to be a target of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK). HnRNPK positively regulated LINC00162 expression through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Lowering the level of either hnRNPK or LINC00162 decreased proliferation and colony formation while it increased apoptotic cell death. Small RNA sequencing followed by the antisense oligonucleotide pulldown, revealed that LINC00162 interacts directly with miR-485-5p which exhibited tumor-suppressing effects by suppressing cell proliferation and colony formation, and increasing apoptotic cell death. Through the bioinformatic approaches, progestin and adipoQ receptor 4 (PAQR4) was selected as a common target of LINC00162 and miR-485-5p. miR-485-5p decreased the expression of PAQR4 by directly binding to the 3'-untranslated region of PAQR4 messenger RNA. Knockdown of hnRNPK and LINC00162 increased the level of functional miR-485-5p, indicating that LINC00162 may compete for miR-485-5p, thereby derepressing PAQR4 expression. Overexpression of either hnRNPK or LINC00162, or inhibition of miR-485-5p, protected cells against etoposide-induced apoptotic death. Our findings demonstrate that a regulatory paradigm implicating hnRNPK, LINC00162, miR-485-5p, and PAQR4 plays an important role in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and is a promising target for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Joo Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Haein Ji
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Dong Jeong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea,Department of Biopharmaceutical Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Poonam R Pandey
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hyeon Ho Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea,Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea,Correspondence: Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea. Phone: +82-2-3410-1039; Fax: +82-2-3410-0534;
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11
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Li J, Wang N, Nie H, Wang S, Jiang T, Ma X, Liu W, Tian K. Long Non-coding RNA RMST Worsens Ischemic Stroke via MicroRNA-221-3p/PIK3R1/TGF-β Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2808-2821. [PMID: 35217983 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Much efforts have been made to probe the mechanism underlying ischemic stroke (IS). This study was proposed to uncover the role of long non-coding RNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2 related transcript (RMST) in IS through microRNA-221-3p (miR-221-3p)/phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1)/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) axis. Neurological behavioral function, pathological changes in brain tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation responses in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice were tested. RMST, miR-221-3p, PIK3R1, and TGF-β signaling-related protein expression in brain tissues of MCAO mice were detected. RMST and PIK3R1 were elevated, miR-221-3p was downregulated, and TGF-β pathway was activated in mice after MCAO. Restored miR-221-3p or depleted RMST improved neurological behavioral functions, relieved pathological injury in brain tissue, and repressed oxidative stress and inflammation in mice after MCAO. Depleted PIK3R1 or restored miR-221-3p offsets the negative effects of overexpressed RMST on mice with MCAO. The present work highlights that RMST augments IS through reducing miR-221-3p-mediated regulation of PIK3R1 and activating TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Huan Nie
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tongtong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xuehan Ma
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Kuo Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China.
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12
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Zhou L, Zhi Z, Chen P, Du C, Wang B, Fang X, Tang W, Li H. LncRNA-RMST Functions as a Transcriptional Co-regulator of SOX2 to Regulate miR-1251 in the Progression of Hirschsprung's Disease. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:749107. [PMID: 35321017 PMCID: PMC8936393 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.749107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs). LncRNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST) is essential for the growth and development of neuron. This study aimed to reveal the role of RMST in the pathogenesis of HSCR. The expression level of RMST, miR-1251, SOX2, and AHNAK was evaluated with qRT-PCR or western blot. CCK-8 and transwell assays were applied to detect cell proliferation and migration. CHIP and RIP assays were applied to determine the combination relationship between SOX2 and promoter region of miR-1251 or RMST and SOX2, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm miR-1251 targeted AHNAK. As results have shown, RMST was downregulated in the aganglionic colon of HSCR patients. The knockdown of RMST attenuated cell proliferation and migration significantly. MiR-1251, the intronic miRNA of RMST, was also low expressed in HSCR, but RMST did not alter the expression of miR-1251 directly. Furthermore, SOX2 was found to regulate the expression of miR-1251 via binding to the promoter region of miR-1251, and RMST strengthened this function by interacting with SOX2. Moreover, AHNAK was the target gene of miR-1251, which was co-regulated by RMST and SOX2. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that RMST functioned as a transcriptional co-regulator of SOX2 to regulate miR-1251 and resulted in the upregulation of AHNAK, leading to the occurrence of HSCR. The novel RMST/SOX2/miR-1251/AHNAK axis provided potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of HSCR during embryonic stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhou
- General Surgery Department, Children's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhengke Zhi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingfa Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Chunxia Du
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Binyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibing Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Chen C, Zhang S, Wei Y, Sun X. LncRNA RMST Regulates Neuronal Apoptosis and Inflammatory Response via Sponging miR-150-5p in Parkinson's Disease. Neuroimmunomodulation 2022; 29:55-62. [PMID: 34515176 DOI: 10.1159/000518212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION LncRNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST) serves as a key regulator in neural stem cell fate and is involved in the progression of different neurological diseases. In this research, the serum level and clinical value of RMST in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were detected, and the underlying mechanism was explored. METHODS Ninety-nine PD patients and 93 healthy individuals were collected for clinical experiments. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) to establish PD cell models. qRT-PCR was used for the detection of mRNA levels. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to detect neuronal viability and apoptosis. The target relationship of RMST with miR-15a-5p was confirmed applying luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS RMST was present at high levels in both serum of PD patients and PD cell models. Serum RMST had a certain clinical value for the diagnosis of PD with the AUC of 0.892 at a cutoff value of 1.225. Serum RMST was positively associated with the levels of TNF-α (r = 0.421, p < 0.001) and IL-1β (r = 0.567, p < 0.001) in PD patients. Knockdown of RMST alleviated the apoptosis and inflammatory response of SH-SY5Y cells induced by MPP+. miR-150-5p was the target gene of RMST and less expressed in the clinical serum samples and PD cell models. CONCLUSION Serum RMST serves as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of PD. RMST downregulation may regulate the occurrence and development of PD through inhibiting neuron cell apoptosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines via targeting miR-150-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlei Chen
- Department of Neurology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Shijuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Yuhong Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Xibo Sun
- Department of Neurology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
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14
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Zhang S, Zhu T, Li Q, Sun G, Sun X. Long Non-Coding RNA-Mediated Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in Ischemic Stroke: Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Implications, and Challenges. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:765075. [PMID: 34867389 PMCID: PMC8635732 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a disease that is characterized by high mortality and disability. Recent studies have shown that LncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks play roles in the occurrence and development of cerebral I/R injury by regulating different signaling pathways. However, no systematic analysis of ceRNA mechanisms in IS has been reported. In this review, we discuss molecular mechanisms of LncRNA-mediated ceRNA networks under I/R injury. The expression levels of LncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and their effects in four major cell types of the neurovascular unit (NVU) are also involved. We further summarize studies of LncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we analyze the advantages and limitations of using LncRNAs as therapeutics for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiaoyu Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glycolipid Metabolic Disorders, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine Prescription, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Alaqeeli M, Mayaki D, Hussain SNA. Long Non-coding RNA Rhabdomyosarcoma 2-Associated Transcript Regulates Angiogenesis in Endothelial Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:729157. [PMID: 34744768 PMCID: PMC8567064 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.729157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that have more than 200 nucleotides. They have recently emerged as important regulators of angiogenesis. To identify novel lncRNAs that may be involved in the regulation of angiogenesis, we detected the mRNA of 84 lncRNAs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to hypoxia for 24h. One of these, rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST), is significantly upregulated by hypoxia. Little is known about the presence and roles of RMST in EC function. Objective: The main objective of the study was to investigate the regulation of RMST in ECs and to determine its role in EC survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Methods: Using qPCR, basal mRNA levels of 10 RMST isoforms in HUVECs were measured. Levels were then measured in response to 24h of hypoxia, 7days of differentiation in a co-culture assay, and exposure to four different angiogenesis factors. Functional roles of RMST in EC survival, migration, and differentiation were quantified by using a loss-of-function approach (transfection with single-stranded antisense LNA GapmeRs). EC survival was measured using cell counts and crystal violet assays. Cell migration and differentiation were measured using scratch wound healing and Matrigel® differentiation assays, respectively. Results: Five RMST isoforms (RMST-202, -203, -204, -206, and -207) were detected in HUVECs and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1s). Other types of vascular cells, including human aortic valve interstitial cells and human aortic smooth muscle cells, did not display this expression profile. RMST was significantly upregulated in response to 24h of hypoxia and in response to 7days of HUVEC co-culture with human lung fibroblasts. RMST was significantly downregulated by angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), but not by VEGF, FGF-2, or angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1). Selective knockdown of RMST demonstrated that it promotes EC survival in response to serum deprivation. It is also required for VEGF- and Ang-1-induced EC survival and migration, but not for differentiation. Conclusion: We conclude that RMST is expressed in human ECs and that this expression is upregulated in response to hypoxia and during differentiation into capillary-like structures. We also conclude that RMST plays important roles in EC survival and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Alaqeeli
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Mayaki
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Department of Critical Care, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabah N A Hussain
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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16
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Li Y, Wang M, Qian F. β-Caryophyllene attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of the MAPK signalling pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1319-1329. [PMID: 34313776 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary manifestation of an acute systemic inflammatory response, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Accordingly, from the perspective of treating ALI, it is important to identify effective agents and elucidate the underlying modulatory mechanisms. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a naturally occurring bicyclic sesquiterpene that has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effects of BCP on ALI have yet to be ascertained. METHODS ALI was induced intratracheally, injected with 5 mg/kg LPS and treated with BCP. The bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were obtained and cultured then challenged with 100 ng/ml LPS for 4 h, with or without BCP pre-treatment for 30 min. KEY FINDINGS BCP significantly ameliorates LPS-induced mouse ALI, which is related to an alleviation of neutrophil infiltration and reduction in cytokine production. In vitro, BCP was found to reduce the expression of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and tumour necrosis factor-α, and suppresses the MAPK signalling pathway in BMDMs, which is associated with the inhibition of TAK1 phosphorylation and an enhancement of MKP-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that BCP protects against inflammatory responses and is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of LPS-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Muqun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China.,Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Ma X, Wang Y, Yin H, Hua L, Zhang X, Xiao J, Yuan Q, Wang S, Liu Y, Zhang S, Wang Y. Down-regulated long non-coding RNA RMST ameliorates dopaminergic neuron damage in Parkinson's disease rats via regulation of TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2021; 174:22-30. [PMID: 33933526 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current treatment and prognosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) are not ideal. This study explored the mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST) in dopaminergic (DA) neuron damage in PD rats. METHODS PD rats were modeled and injected with RMST silence or overexpression vectors to figure out its roles in oxidative stress, the apoptosis of DA neurons in brain substantia nigra (SN), and neurobehavioral activities of PD rats. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), synaptophysin (SYN), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (Iba-1) in SN were detected. RMST and Toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway-related factors were detected. RESULTS RMST expression in brain SN of rats, TLR2, TLR4 expression in neurons and NF-κB expression in cell nucleus were increased. Silenced RMST improved the neurobehavioral activities, depressed oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis, increased TH and SYN expression, and reduced the activation degree of glial cells in SN and the inflammatory response via reducing GFAP and Iba-1. Moreover, reduced RMST reduced TLR2 and TLR4 expression in neurons and NF-κB expression in cell nucleus in PD rats. CONCLUSION Inhibited RMST attenuates DA neuron damage in PD rats, which may be implicated with TLR/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Ma
- Neurology Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Qilu Medical University, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Honglei Yin
- Neurology Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Hua
- Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Neurology Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Jianhao Xiao
- Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan, China
| | - Qian Yuan
- Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Neurology Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- Neurology Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan, China
| | - Yunliang Wang
- Neurology Department, The 960th Hospital of the PLA, Zibo 255300, Shandong, China; Neurology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan, China.
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18
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Chen J, Liu P, Dong X, Jin J, Xu Y. The role of lncRNAs in ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2021; 147:105019. [PMID: 33905763 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide due to the narrow therapeutic time window of the only two approved therapies, intravenous thrombolysis and thrombectomy. The pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke are driven by multiple complex molecular and cellular interactions that ultimately induce brain damage and neurobehavioral impairment. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are significantly altered in the blood and brains of ischemic stroke patients and play a critical role in the pathogenesis of stroke, which serve as potential targets for stroke interventions. In this review, we provide an overview of the roles of lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and discuss the opportunities and challenges for the clinical application of lncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Pinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiali Jin
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.
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19
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Yin D, Xu F, Lu M, Li X. Long non-coding RNA RMST promotes oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury in brain microvascular endothelial cells by regulating miR-204-5p/VCAM1 axis. Life Sci 2021; 284:119244. [PMID: 33607153 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke, including lncRNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST). We aimed to elucidate the role and molecular mechanism of RMST in ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS The in vitro ischemic stroke model was established by treating brain microvascular endothelial cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The expression of RMST, miR-204-5p and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The interaction between miR-204-5p and RMST or VCAM1 was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Cell viability, migration and apoptosis were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage rate was determined by LDH activity assay kit. The protein level of VCAM1 was analyzed by western blot (WB) assay. KEY FINDINGS RMST was upregulated in OGD-treated HBMEC and bEnd.3 cells. MiR-204-5p was a direct target of RMST, and miR-204-5p inhibition abated the inhibitory effect of RMST knockdown on OGD-induced injury via inhibiting cell viability and migration and promoting apoptosis in HBMEC and bEnd.3 cells. Moreover, VCAM1 was identified as a direct target of miR-204-5p, and VCAM1 alleviated the effect of miR-204-5p on reduction of OGD-induced injury in HBMEC and bEnd.3 cells. In addition, RMST regulated VCAM1 expression via sponging miR-204-5p. SIGNIFICANCE RMST knockdown attenuated OGD-induced injury of HBMEC and bEnd.3 cells via regulating miR-204-5p/VCAM1 axis, indicating a possible therapeutic strategy for future ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Yin
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Furong Xu
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dingxi People's Hospital, Dingxi 743000, China.
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20
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Xie W, Zhu H, Zhao M, Wang L, Li S, Zhao C, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Jiang X, Liu W, Ren C. Crucial roles of different RNA-binding hnRNP proteins in Stem Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:807-817. [PMID: 33767590 PMCID: PMC7975692 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.55120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-renewal, pluripotency and differentiation of stem cells are regulated by various genetic and epigenetic factors. As a kind of RNA binding protein (RBP), the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) can act as "RNA scaffold" and recruit mRNA, lncRNA, microRNA and circRNA to affect mRNA splicing and processing, regulate gene transcription and post-transcriptional translation, change genome structure, and ultimately play crucial roles in the biological processes of cells. Recent researches have demonstrated that hnRNPs are irreplaceable for self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. hnRNPs function in stem cells by multiple mechanisms, which include regulating mRNA stability, inducing alternative splicing of mRNA, epigenetically regulate gene expression, and maintaining telomerase activity and telomere length. The functions and the underlying mechanisms of hnRNPs in stem cells deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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21
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The Expanding Regulatory Mechanisms and Cellular Functions of Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2916-2939. [PMID: 33555549 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
LncRNAs have emerged as important regulatory molecules in biological processes. They serve as regulators of gene expression pathways through interactions with proteins, RNA, and DNA. LncRNA expression is altered in several diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as neurodegenerative disorders, stroke, trauma, and infection. More recently, it has become clear that lncRNAs contribute to regulating both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways in the CNS. In this review, we discuss the molecular pathways involved in the expression of lncRNAs, their role and mechanism of action during gene regulation, cellular functions, and use of lncRNAs as therapeutic targets during neuroinflammation in CNS disorders.
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22
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Knockdown of RMST Impedes Neuronal Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in OGD/R-Induced Ischemic Stroke Via Depending on the miR-377/SEMA3A Signal Network. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:584-594. [PMID: 33409855 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have pivotal roles in regulating ischemic stroke (IS), including lncRNA rhabdomyosarcoma 2-associated transcript (RMST). The purpose of this report is to discover the functional mechanism of RMST. The expression detection of RMST, microRNA-377 (miR-377) and Semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) was performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in N2a cells was used to mimic IS environment in vitro. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry were implemented to assess cell viability and apoptosis. Oxidative stress was analyzed via assaying the associated indicators. Dual-luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were jointly administrated for binding analysis between targets. SEMA3A protein level was measured using western blot. We found in IS serum samples, RMST was upregulated while miR-377 was downregulated. After the establishment of OGD/R-induced IS model, we found that the decreased RMST abrogated the OGD/R-triggered apoptosis and oxidative stress. Through the target analysis, miR-377 was shown to be sponged by RMST and the effects of RMST knockdown on OGD/R-induced cell injuries were related to miR-377 upregulation. Besides, SEMA3A served as a target gene of miR-377 and the mitigation of miR-377 for ischemic brain damages was achieved by downregulating SEMA3A. What's more, RMST could regulate SEMA3A by playing the sponge action on miR-377. Collectively, all these findings clarified that RMST repression retarded IS progression in vitro via SEMA3A downregulation by targeting miR-377, which represented a different perspective in the pathological development of IS.
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23
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Heidari R, Akbariqomi M, Asgari Y, Ebrahimi D, Alinejad-Rokny H. A systematic review of long non-coding RNAs with a potential role in breast cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2021; 787:108375. [PMID: 34083033 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human transcriptome contains many non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play important roles in gene regulation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an important class of ncRNAs with lengths between 200 and 200,000 bases. Unlike mRNA, lncRNA lacks protein-coding features, specifically, open-reading frames, and start and stop codons. LncRNAs have been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of many cancers, including breast cancer (BC), acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. In this review, we systematically mined the literature to identify 65 BC-related lncRNAs. We then perform an integrative bioinformatics analysis to identify 14 lncRNAs with a potential regulatory role in BC. The biological function of these 14 lncRNAs, their regulatory mechanisms, and roles in the initiation and progression of BC are discussed in this review. Additionally, we elaborate on the current and future applications of lncRNAs as diagnostic and/or therapeutic biomarkers in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Heidari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Akbariqomi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yazdan Asgari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diako Ebrahimi
- Biomedical Informatics Lab, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, United States
| | - Hamid Alinejad-Rokny
- BioMedical Machine Learning Lab (BML), The Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Core Member of UNSW Data Science Hub, The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney), Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia; Health Data Analytics Program Leader, AI-enabled Processes (AIP) Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2109, Australia.
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24
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Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), A New Target in Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:501-519. [PMID: 32865676 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke has become the most disabling and the second most fatal disease in the world. It has been a top priority to reveal the pathophysiology of stroke at cellular and molecular levels. A large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are identified to be abnormally expressed after stroke. Here, we summarize 35 lncRNAs associated with stroke, and clarify their functions on the prognosis through signal transduction and predictive values as biomarkers. Changes in the expression of these lncRNAs mediate a wide range of pathological processes in stroke, including apoptosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and autophagy. Based on the exploration of the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in stroke, more timely, accurate predictions and more effective, safer treatments for stroke could be developed.
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