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Tuononen TA, Kauhanen M, Suominen AL, Hyvärinen ML. Leadership and work community - views of graduating dental students. Leadersh Health Serv (Bradf Engl) 2023; ahead-of-print:511-523. [PMID: 36971481 PMCID: PMC10851188 DOI: 10.1108/lhs-10-2022-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore what kind of perceptions dental students at graduation stage have on leadership and work communities, and themselves as leaders and work community members after completing a leadership course tailored for them. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The research material comprised reflective essays written by fifth-year dental students who had participated in a leadership course. The essays were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS Most students reported that they had not considered seeking a leadership position before the course, but their views of leadership had grown more positive as a result of completing the course. Students perceived interpersonal communication competence as the most important factor for leaders, the whole work community and for themselves. They assessed that their biggest strengths were found in this area. The biggest challenges in adapting to a work community concerned the students' professional identities, which were still taking shape at the time of graduation. ORIGINALITY/VALUE The need for leaders in health-care professions is growing due to ongoing reforms, multidisciplinary teamwork, the development of new technologies and patient demands. Therefore, undergraduate leadership education is needed to ensure that students have knowledge of leadership. Graduating dental students' perceptions concerning leadership and work communities have not been widely explored. Students' perceptions of leadership were positive after the course and helped students to realize their own potential in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiina A. Tuononen
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences,
University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Milka Kauhanen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku,
Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, School of Medicine, University
of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland and Oral Health Teaching Clinic, Kuopio
University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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D'Assunção FLC, Kalenderian E, Carneiro DC, Verçosa MVF, Dos Santos JP, Yansane AI, D'Assunção VCDSC, Felinto AR. Presence of management, entrepreneurship, leadership and marketing topics in the dental school curriculum in Brazil. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:384-392. [PMID: 34490698 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To analyse the presence and characteristics of curricular components related to management, entrepreneurship, leadership and marketing as part of the structure and teaching methods of undergraduate courses in dentistry in Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is an observational study that used the Ministry of Education's Undergraduate Course Accreditation Platform, which included 424 undergraduate courses in Dentistry on the last date of collection (August 31 2019). The following items were analysed as follows: the existence of curricular components in relation to the proposed themes, the most recurring denominations of curricular components, minimum and maximum workload, mandatory/optional classification, theoretical/practical teaching condition and in which year the curricular components were inserted. RESULTS 367/424 (86.6%) of dentistry courses in Brazil included at least one of the topics: management, entrepreneurship, leadership and marketing curricular components in their curriculum, whilst 57/424 (13.4%) did not have these curricular components in their curricular structure. The most frequent names were "Management" 99 (45.21%) and "Entrepreneurship" 80 (36.5%). There was a predominance of the "theoretical method" and the number of hours varied considerably, with the most common course hours between 40 and 60 h. The majority of curricular components were inserted in the third to fifth year and offered on a compulsory basis. CONCLUSION Most curricular matrices of dentistry courses in Brazil had components related to the topics studied. However, due to the variety of curricular components' names, hours, periods of courses and different teaching methodologies, there is a need to redesign the teaching and learning process, defining educational and evaluation models with common curricular components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elsbeth Kalenderian
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dental Management Sciences, University of Pretoria, School of Dentistry, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Alfa-Ibrahim Yansane
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, School of Dentistry, San Francisco, California, USA
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Danesh DO, Huber TP. A literature review of leadership training and a novel conceptual model of leader-member exchange theory for new dentists. J Health Organ Manag 2021; ahead-of-print. [PMID: 34951297 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-05-2021-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the paper is to describe the current state of leadership and leader-member exchange (LMX) theory in dentistry and develop a novel conceptual model of LMX to guide future research and highlight the importance of enhancing leadership training for new dentists. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH A literature review exploring leadership in dentistry and LMX in dentistry was completed. The findings were analyzed with framework analysis to develop a novel conceptual model of LMX specific to dentistry. FINDINGS LMX theory was applied to leadership in dentistry, including a focus on new dentists, senior dentists, other dental team members and the patient. A new conceptual model of the New Dentist LMX Quartet, which is unique and specific to new dentist teams, was developed. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS The study identifies the need for research in LMX in dentistry, contributes a new conceptual model for LMX theory and identifies future research. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Practitioners, policymakers and educators can utilize this information to explore concepts in leadership and improve training and dental practice. ORIGINALITY/VALUE No other studies specifically exploring LMX in dentistry for new dentists exist. The current literature review and conceptual paper begins the conversation on developing understanding of leadership in dentistry through further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O Danesh
- College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas P Huber
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Por Pan T, Trakulmututa J, Youravong N. Self-perception of leadership style of dentists: heads of dental departments in community hospitals, Southern Thailand. Int Dent J 2020; 70:193-200. [PMID: 32017067 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leadership is crucial in all professions and organisations, including the oral health profession. OBJECTIVES The aims of this analytical cross-sectional study were to evaluate the self-reported leadership behaviours and the factors influencing leadership behaviours among dentists who were heads of dental departments in community hospitals, southern Thailand. MATERIALS AND METHODS The self-administered questionnaire was composed of four parts: personal data; a 45-item Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire version 5× short (MLQ 5× short); a 34-item organisational climate perception; and a 52-item emotional intelligence screening test. RESULTS Of 134 dentists, 133 returned the questionnaire, providing a 99.3% response rate. The scores on the transactional component had a mean score of 2.98 (SD = 0.46). The transformational scores ranged with a mean of 2.90 (SD = 0.49). The scores of the passive leadership component had the lowest results, with a mean of 1.21 (SD = 0.57). Afterwards, the highest score for each head of the dental department was examined and compared across the three components. Approximately 60% of the dentists fell on the transactional, 34.6% on the transformational and 2.3% on the passive-avoidant scale. Multiple linear regression showed that the factors influencing the leadership of the dentists included emotional intelligence, the professional position of the dentists and the perception of the organisational climate. CONCLUSIONS The majority of heads of dental departments had transactional leadership style followed by transformational leadership style, and passive-avoidance was the least common. Emotional intelligence, the professional position and the perception of the organisational climate significantly increased the transformational leadership score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temsiri Por Pan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Jutamanee Trakulmututa
- Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Nattaporn Youravong
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.,Common Oral Diseases and Epidemiology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Numminen O, Virtanen H, Hafsteinsdóttir T, Leino‐Kilpi H. Postdoctoral nursing researcher career: A scoping review of required competences. Nurs Open 2020; 7:7-29. [PMID: 31871688 PMCID: PMC6917956 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this review was to identify and summarize the required competences of nursing PhD students and postdoctoral researchers to pursue a successful researcher career and to compare these competences with the existing competence frameworks. Design Scoping review. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, SocIndex, PsycInfo, Eric, EMBASE, Academic Search Premier and Scopus databases were searched from January 1990-December 2018. The guidelines of PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews and the scoping review framework by Arksey and O'Malley (2005, International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8, 19) were applied. Results Forty-four studies were reviewed comprising 15 competence domains. Competences corroborated the competences defined in the competence frameworks. However, the qualitative and descriptive research designs rendered a modest level of evidence and generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Numminen
- Department of Nursing ScienceUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Heli Virtanen
- Department of Nursing ScienceUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Thóra Hafsteinsdóttir
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Nursing ScienceUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Helena Leino‐Kilpi
- Department of Nursing ScienceUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
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Roig Jornet P, Kalenderian E. The effectiveness of an initial continuing education course in leadership for dentists. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2018; 22:128-141. [PMID: 28727271 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to measure the effectiveness of a continuing education course in leadership presented to postdoctoral dentist-leaders. METHODS The authors developed a 3-day course on leadership and management with topics including self-awareness, leadership qualities, emotional intelligence, communication skills, social skills, conflict management, personal branding, quality improvement and team motivation. Twenty-two course participants with a median age of 37.5 years and an average of 13.7 years of professional experience were assessed using three different metrics: satisfaction with the course and presenters immediately following the course; pre-course and post-course tests on knowledge of leadership topics; and self-assessments of leadership competency skills prior to the course, immediately following the course and then 6 months after the course. RESULTS Participant satisfaction with both instructors' effectiveness and the overall course design was very high. A survey 6 months following the course showed that participants were very positive regarding the practical use of the leadership skills they acquired in the course. The average of all participants' scores on the objectively assessed leadership knowledge test showed a statistically significant (P<.001) difference between pre-course and post-course scores. At 6-month follow-up, participant self-assessment of leadership competency significantly improved following the course. CONCLUSION A well-designed course in leadership skills can have a positive impact on the leadership knowledge and competency of dentist-leaders. This unique leadership course was effective in increasing leadership knowledge and self-perceived leadership competency. The course and the skilled instructors were rated very highly by participants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E Kalenderian
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology Department, Boston, MA, USA
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Alvarez S, Schultz JH. A communication-focused curriculum for dental students - an experiential training approach. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2018; 18:55. [PMID: 29587740 PMCID: PMC5872386 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-018-1174-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful interaction and communication with patients is as vital for dentists as it is for physicians. Therefore, the aim of this study was the development and evaluation of an interactive, experiential training curriculum with an emphasis on communication for dual degree seekers of medicine and dentistry. METHODS A pre-clinical course with an emphasis in physician/dentist-patient communication and interaction was adapted by a team of subject experts based largely on the propositions of Experiential Learning Theory. After attending the course, dental students (N = 81) rated the course on a Likert- style scale and answered two open questions. RESULTS Students found the interactive course curriculum to be very helpful and vital. Many students reported that their initial interest in the course was mainly because it is a dual degree requirement, but later on rated the course as highly important in terms of later physician/dentist-patient interaction. One aspect of the curriculum course participants regarded as very important, yet neglected during dental studies, was (self-) perception. CONCLUSION In the view of dental students, the rigorous structure of the pre-clinical dental curriculum does not allow for time spent on topics such as (self-) perception and awareness, but training one's ability to self-reflect and think critically about one's own actions, conduct or position can aid with advanced medical and dental studies and practices later on. Experiential courses with an emphasis on patient-physician/dentist communication should be offered early on during pre-clinical medical and dental studies as a regular part of the curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Alvarez
- Department of Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jobst-Hendrik Schultz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Niemchick AL, Delgado J, Taichman RS, Inglehart MR. Dental Students’, Alumni, and Dentists’ Perspectives on Leadership: Impact of the Scholars Program in Dental Leadership. J Dent Educ 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2017.81.1.tb06246.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Russell S. Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; University of Michigan
| | - Marita R. Inglehart
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; Department of Psychology; College of Literature, Science of Arts; University of Michigan
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Van der Berg-Cloete SE, Snyman L, Postma TC, White JG. South African Dental Students’ Perceptions of Most Important Nonclinical Skills According to Medical Leadership Competency Framework. J Dent Educ 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2016.80.11.tb06221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorraine Snyman
- Department of Dental Management Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Pretoria; South Africa
| | - Thomas C. Postma
- Department of Dental Management Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Pretoria; South Africa
| | - John G. White
- Department of Dental Management Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Pretoria; South Africa
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Seymour B, Yang H, Getman R, Barrow J, Kalenderian E. Patient-Centered Communication: Exploring the Dentist's Role in the Era of e-Patients and Health 2.0. J Dent Educ 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2016.80.6.tb06132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Seymour
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | | | - Rebekah Getman
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | | | - Elsbeth Kalenderian
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
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Munk LK. Implications of State Dental Board Disciplinary Actions for Teaching Dental Students About Emotional Intelligence. J Dent Educ 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2016.80.1.tb06053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyle Kris Munk
- Roseman University of Health Sciences College of Dental Medicine-South Jordan; Utah
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Taichman LS, Taichman RS, Inglehart MR. Dentists’ Leadership-Related Educational Experiences, Attitudes, and Past and Current Behavior. J Dent Educ 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2014.78.6.tb05741.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Susan Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; University of Michigan
| | - Russell S. Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; University of Michigan
| | - Marita R. Inglehart
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; Department of Psychology; College of Literature, Science, and Arts; University of Michigan
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell S. Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; School of Dentistry; University of Michigan; 1011 North University Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109-1078
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Kalenderian E, Taichman RS, Skoulas A, Nadershahi N, Victoroff KZ. Developing the Next Generation of Leaders in Oral Health. J Dent Educ 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2013.77.11.tb05627.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsbeth Kalenderian
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology; Chief of Quality, Office of Clinical Affairs, Harvard School of Dental Medicine
| | - Russell S. Taichman
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine; University of Michigan School of Dentistry
| | - Angelique Skoulas
- Graduate Leadership Studies Program; Harvard School of Dental Medicine
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