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Arribas-Blázquez M, Olivos-Oré LA, Barahona MV, Wojnicz A, De Pascual R, Sánchez de la Muela M, García AG, Artalejo AR. The Adrenal Medulla Modulates Mechanical Allodynia in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218325. [PMID: 33171955 PMCID: PMC7664230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We have investigated whether the stress response mediated by the adrenal medulla in rats subjected to chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI) modulates their nocifensive behavior. Treatment with SK29661 (300 mg/kg; intraperitoneal (I.P.)), a selective inhibitor of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) that converts noradrenaline (NA) into adrenaline (A), fully reverted mechanical allodynia in the injured hind paw without affecting mechanical sensitivity in the contralateral paw. The effect was fast and reversible and was associated with a decrease in the A to NA ratio (A/NA) in the adrenal gland and circulating blood, an A/NA that was elevated by CCI. 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-7-sulfonamide (SKF29661) did not affect exocytosis evoked by Ca2+ entry as well as major ionic conductances (voltage-gated Na+, Ca2+, and K+ channels, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) involved in stimulus-secretion coupling in chromaffin cells, suggesting that it acted by changing the relative content of the two adrenal catecholamines. Denervation of the adrenal medulla by surgical splanchnectomy attenuated mechanical allodynia in neuropathic animals, hence confirming the involvement of the adrenal medulla in the pathophysiology of the CCI model. Inhibition of PNMT appears to be an effective and probably safe way to modulate adrenal medulla activity and, in turn, to alleviate pain secondary to the injury of a peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arribas-Blázquez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (L.A.O.-O.); (M.V.B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Alcides Olivos-Oré
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (L.A.O.-O.); (M.V.B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Victoria Barahona
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (L.A.O.-O.); (M.V.B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aneta Wojnicz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.W.); (R.D.P.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo De Pascual
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.W.); (R.D.P.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Sánchez de la Muela
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 20040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Antonio G. García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.W.); (R.D.P.); (A.G.G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio R. Artalejo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (L.A.O.-O.); (M.V.B.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-943-851
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Filaretova L, Podvigina T, Yarushkina N. Physiological and Pharmacological Effects of Glucocorticoids on the Gastrointestinal Tract. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2962-2970. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200521142746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The review considers the data on the physiological and pharmacological effects of glucocorticoids on
the gastric mucosa and focuses on the gastroprotective role of stress-produced glucocorticoids as well as on the
transformation of physiological gastroprotective effects of glucocorticoids to pathological proulcerogenic consequences.
The results of experimental studies on the re-evaluation of the traditional notion that stress-produced
glucocorticoids are ulcerogenic led us to the opposite conclusion suggested that these hormones play an important
role in the maintenance of the gastric mucosal integrity. Exogenous glucocorticoids may exert both gastroprotective
and proulcerogenic effects. Initially, gastroprotective effect of dexamethasone but not corticosterone, cortisol
or prednisolone can be transformed into proulcerogenic one. The most significant factor for the transformation is
the prolongation of its action rather the dose. Gastrointestinal injury can be accompanied by changes in somatic
pain sensitivity and glucocorticoids contribute to these changes playing a physiological and pathological role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Filaretova
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Podvigina
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Yarushkina
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
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Feng JH, Lee HJ, Sim SM, Shende M, Suh HW. The modulatory role of β-amyloid in the regulation of nociception in mice. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Acupuncture-Analgesia-Mediated Alleviation of Central Sensitization. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:6173412. [PMID: 30984277 PMCID: PMC6431485 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6173412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pain can trigger central amplification called central sensitization, which ultimately results in hyperalgesia and/or allodynia. Many reports have showed acupuncture has an analgesic effect. We searched the related article on PubMed database and Cochrane database to discover central sensitization pathway in acupuncture analgesia. We summarized that acupuncture enhances the descending inhibitory effect and modulates the feeling of pain, thus modifying central sensitization. The possible mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of acupuncture include segmental inhibition and the activation of the endogenous opioid, adrenergic, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/kainate pathways. Moreover, acupuncture can locally reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators. In clinical settings, acupuncture can be used to treat headache, neuropathic pain, low back pain, osteoarthritis, and irritable bowel syndrome. These mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia may be involved in the alleviation of central sensitization.
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