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Zhou J, Jiang L, Zhang ZL, Wang ZR, Zhang YX, Lin X, Tang BH, Yao BF, Guo ZX, Yang JJ, Van Den Anker J, Wu YE, Zhao W. Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of mezlocillin in neonates and young infants. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:2238-2244. [PMID: 35662337 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mezlocillin is used in the treatment of neonatal infectious diseases. However, due to the absence of population pharmacokinetic studies in neonates and young infants, dosing regimens differ considerably in clinical practice. Hence, this study aimed to describe the pharmacokinetic characteristics of mezlocillin in neonates and young infants, and propose the optimal dosing regimen based on the population pharmacokinetic model of mezlocillin. METHODS A prospective, open-label pharmacokinetic study of mezlocillin was carried out in newborns. Blood samples were collected using an opportunistic sampling method. HPLC was used to measure the plasma drug concentrations. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using NONMEM software. RESULTS Ninety-five blood samples from 48 neonates and young infants were included. The ranges of postmenstrual age and birth weight were 29-40 weeks and 1200-4000 g, respectively, including term and preterm infants. A two-compartment model with first-order elimination was developed to describe the population pharmacokinetics of mezlocillin. Postmenstrual age, current weight and serum creatinine concentration were the most important covariates. Monte Carlo simulation results indicated that the current dose of 50 mg/kg q12h resulted in 89.2% of patients achieving the therapeutic target, when the MIC of 4 mg/L was used as the breakpoint. When increasing the dosing frequency to q8h, a dose of 20 mg/kg resulted in 74.3% of patients achieving the therapeutic target. CONCLUSIONS A population pharmacokinetic model of mezlocillin in neonates and young infants was established. Optimal dosing regimens based on this model were provided for use in neonatal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ling Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Zhao-Rui Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Yan-Xiu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - Bo-Hao Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bu-Fan Yao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, China
| | - John Van Den Anker
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Departments of Pediatrics, Pharmacology & Physiology, Genomics and Precision Medicine, George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Paediatric Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yue-E Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Chen Y, Huang L, Yuan X, Luo F, Pu H. Development and Validation of a UPLC-MS/MS Method for Ultra-Trace Level Determination of Acyl Chloride Potential Genotoxic Impurity in Mezlocillin. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 60:732-740. [PMID: 34718453 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
3-Chlorocarbonyl-1-methanesulfonyl-2-imidazolidinone (CMI) is a critical intermediate used in the synthesis of mezlocillin drug substance and also a potential genotoxic impurity with acyl chloride moiety. The content of CMI in mezlocillin should be <0.16 ppm to avoid the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity threats to patients. Therefore, a workable determination of CMI was critically crucial for ensuring the safety of mezlocillin drug products. However, the conventional HPLC method is insufficient for detection limits at ppm or lower levels. Besides, the high activity of acyl chloride also raises a challenge to the direct measurement of CMI. Thus, we explored a simple esterification approach, which converts CMI into methyl 3-(methylonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxylate completely by optimizing the reaction temperature and time. Furthermore, the selected reaction monitoring model of triple quadrupole mass spectrometer optimized by the Box-Behnken design significantly enhanced the sensitivity of ultra-trace level determination. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the method were reached 0.014 and 0.02 ppm, respectively, in the following validation study. A sensitive and specific ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for ultra-trace level determination of acyl chloride potential genotoxic impurity in mezlocillin drug substance has been successfully established in this study, which will provide a practical quality control tool of mezlocillin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lianzhou Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao Yuan
- Guangzhou PI & PI Biotech, Inc. Guangzhou 510663, China.,Wuhan Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Guangzhou PI & PI Biotech, Inc. Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Hanlin Pu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Tang BH, Kan M, Yang XM, Wang RH, Shi HY, Zheng Y, Hao GX, Song LL, Zhao W. A Validated LC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of Mezlocillin in Plasma: An Adapted Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children. CURR PHARM ANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412916999200517113525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Mezlocillin is off-label used for the treatment of respiratory infections in children.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) data are also limited in children. A sensitive Liquid chromatography-
tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method adapted to children was developed and
validated for the determination of mezlocillin plasma concentration in the present study.
Methods:
Mezlocillin, extracted from a volume of 50 μL plasma using acetonitrile, was analyzed on an
online LC-MS/MS system with an Agilent 1290 Infinity UHPLC (Agilent Technologies, CA, USA)
coupled to an AB SCIEX QTRAP 6500PLUS MS/MS (AB Sciex, Framingham, MA, USA) with ceftiofur
as an internal standard. HPLC separation was performed on a C18 column with ultra-pure water
and acetonitrile as gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min at 30°C. Analyst TM Version 1.5.2
(Applied Biosystems) was used for data acquisition. The total chromatographic run time was 1.6 min.
Results:
LC/MS/MS method used for TDM of mezlocillin in children was developed and validated.
This assay has a lower limit of quantification of 0.025 μg/mL for mezlocillin with 50 μL plasma. Good
linearity was achieved for mezlocillin over the range from 0.025 to 20 μg /mL. The acceptance criteria
were met in all cases. Among 36 patients aged between 0.16-1.63 years old, only one patient had detectable
trough concentration higher than 1 μg/mL.
Conclusion:
LC-MS/MS method with 50 μL plasma developed in this study was successfully applied
to TDM of mezlocillin in children. The high variability of trough concentration highlighted that TDM
is important to optimize mezlocillin therapy in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hao Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan,China
| | - Min Kan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan,China
| | - Xin-Mei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan,China
| | - Rong-Hua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai,China
| | - Hai-Yan Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan,China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan,China
| | - Guo-Xiang Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan,China
| | - Lin-Lin Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan,China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan,China
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Colaizzi PA, Coniglio AA, Poynor WJ, Vishniavsky N, Karnes HT, Polk RE. Comparative pharmacokinetics of two multiple-dose mezlocillin regimens in normal volunteers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1986; 30:675-8. [PMID: 3800343 PMCID: PMC176512 DOI: 10.1128/aac.30.5.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mezlocillin was previously reported to exhibit dose-dependent pharmacokinetics. These reports suggest that it may be possible to administer a relatively large dose at a longer interval than is usual and still achieve therapeutic concentrations in serum. In a randomized, crossover study, we compared concentrations of mezlocillin in serum after a single dose and at steady state in 12 healthy volunteers who received 4 g every 6 h and 5 g every 8 h. A slight, but statistically significant, dose-dependent effect was observed upon the area under the concentration-time curve and total body clearance. No accumulation was observed with either schedule. Although concentrations in serum were higher after the 5-g dose, the more frequent administration of the 4-g dose schedule produced serum concentrations above the MIC for susceptible bacteria for a greater portion of the day. In the absence of clear guidelines from human studies which relate serum concentrations to clinical response, the available data indicate that the more frequent dosage schedule is appropriate for severe infections.
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