1
|
Johnson N, Boatwright JL, Bridges W, Thavarajah P, Kumar S, Shipe E, Thavarajah D. Genome-wide association mapping of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) prebiotic carbohydrates toward improved human health and crop stress tolerance. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13926. [PMID: 34230595 PMCID: PMC8260633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentil, a cool-season food legume, is rich in protein and micronutrients with a range of prebiotic carbohydrates, such as raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFOs), fructooligosaccharides (FOSs), sugar alcohols (SAs), and resistant starch (RS), which contribute to lentil's health benefits. Beneficial microorganisms ferment prebiotic carbohydrates in the colon, which impart health benefits to the consumer. In addition, these carbohydrates are vital to lentil plant health associated with carbon transport, storage, and abiotic stress tolerance. Thus, lentil prebiotic carbohydrates are a potential nutritional breeding target for increasing crop resilience to climate change with increased global nutritional security. This study phenotyped a total of 143 accessions for prebiotic carbohydrates. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was then performed to identify associated variants and neighboring candidate genes. All carbohydrates analyzed had broad-sense heritability estimates (H2) ranging from 0.22 to 0.44, comparable to those reported in the literature. Concentration ranges corresponded to percent recommended daily allowances of 2-9% SAs, 7-31% RFOs, 51-111% RS, and 57-116% total prebiotic carbohydrates. Significant SNPs and associated genes were identified for numerous traits, including a galactosyltransferase (Lcu.2RBY.1g019390) known to aid in RFO synthesis. Further studies in multiple field locations are necessary. Yet, these findings suggest the potential for molecular-assisted breeding for prebiotic carbohydrates in lentil to support human health and crop resilience to increase global food security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Johnson
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - J Lucas Boatwright
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
- Advanced Plant Technology, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - William Bridges
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Pushparajah Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Biodiversity and Crop Improvement Program, International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat-Institute, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Emerson Shipe
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA
| | - Dil Thavarajah
- Plant and Environmental Sciences, 113 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fox GP, Staunton M, Agnew E, D'Arcy B. Effect of varying starch properties and mashing conditions on wort sugar profiles. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Glen P. Fox
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation; University of Queensland; St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Megan Staunton
- School of Agriculture & Food science; University of Queensland; St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Eva Agnew
- School of Agriculture & Food science; University of Queensland; St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Bruce D'Arcy
- School of Agriculture & Food science; University of Queensland; St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bowman JGP, Boss DL, Surber LMM, Blake TK. Estimation of the net energy value of barley for finishing beef steers. Transl Anim Sci 2019; 3:1550-1560. [PMID: 32704918 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify barley grain characteristics measured by laboratory procedures that could be used to predict barley energy content for finishing beef steers. Twenty-eight different barley genotypes were evaluated including 18 cultivars and 10 experimental lines. Laboratory analysis of barley samples included bulk density, particle size, N, ADF, starch, and ISDMD (in situ DM disappearance after 3 h of ruminal incubation). Animal performance data (BW, DMI, ADG, steer NEm, and NEg requirements) were collected from 26 feedlot experiments conducted in Montana and Idaho during a 10-yr period and were used to estimate barley NEm and NEg content. A total of 80 experimental units were available with each experimental unit being a diet mean from an individual feedlot experiment. Fifty-eight of the 80 experimental units were randomly selected and used in the development data set and the remaining 22 experimental units were used in the validation data set. Forward, backward, and stepwise selection methods were used to identify variables to be included in regression equations for NEm using PROC REG of SAS. Barley samples in the model development data set represented a wide range in concentrations (DM basis): N (1.6% to 2.8%), ISDMD (25.7% to 58.7%), ADF (3.6% to 8.0%), starch (44.1% to 62.4%), particle size (1,100 to 2,814 µm), and bulk density (50.8 to 69.4 kg/hL). The barley grain characteristics of particle size, ISDMD, starch, and ADF were the most important variables in six successful models (R 2 = 0.48 to 0.60; P = 0.001). The six prediction equations gave mean predicted values for NEm ranging from 1.99 to 2.05 Mcal/kg (average 2.04 Mcal/kg; 0.45% CV). The mean actual NEm values from animal performance trials ranged from 1.75 to 2.48 Mcal/kg (average 2.03 Mcal/kg; 6.5% CV). The mean bias or difference in predicted vs. actual values ranged from -0.001 to 0.005 Mcal/kg. Barley NEg values calculated from animal performance ranged from 1.13 to 1.78 Mcal/kg (average 1.39 Mcal/kg; 8.4% CV). Average predicted barley NEm and NEg were 0.02 and 0.01 Mcal/kg less, respectively, than the 2.06 Mcal/kg NEm and 1.40 Mcal/kg NEg reported by NRC. Barley NE can be predicted from simple laboratory procedures which will aid plant breeders developing new feed varieties and nutritionists formulating finishing rations for beef cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan G P Bowman
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
| | - Darrin L Boss
- Department of Research Centers, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
| | - Lisa M M Surber
- Department of Animal and Range Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
| | - Tom K Blake
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fox G, Yu W, Nischwitz R, Harasymow S. Variation in maltose in sweet wort from barley malt and rice adjuncts with differences in amylose structure. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Fox
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
- Department of Food Science; Stellenbosch University; Stellenbosch South Africa
| | - W. Yu
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - R. Nischwitz
- Barrett Burston Malting Co; Gough St Richmond Victoria 3121 Australia
| | - S. Harasymow
- Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre; South Perth 6151 Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development; Diagnostics and Laboratory Services Biosecurity and Sustainability, 3 Baron-Hay Court; South Perth WA 6151 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ibrahim A, Harrison M, Meinke H, Fan Y, Johnson P, Zhou M. A regulator of early flowering in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200722. [PMID: 30016338 PMCID: PMC6049932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heading date (HD) of cereals is an important trait for adaptation to diverse environments and is critical for determining yield and quality and the number of genes and gene combinations that confer earliness in barley under short days is limited. In our study, a QTL for early flowering was identified from the cross between an Australian malting barley cultivar and a Chinese landrace. Four sets of near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed with a QTL located on chromosome 5H at the interval of 122.0-129.0 cM. Further experiments were conducted to investigate how this gene was regulated by photoperiod using the NILs with three sowing dates from autumn to summer. The NILs carrying the earliness allele were significantly earlier than the late genotype at all sowing dates. This gene was different from previously reported vernalisation genes that are located at a similar position as no vernalisation was required for all the NILs. The difference between this gene and Eam5 (HvPHYC) locus which also located between two co-segregated markers (3398516S5, 122.5 cM, and 4014046D5, 126.1 cM), is that with the existence of Ppd-H1 (Eam1), Eam5 has no effect on ear emergence under long days while the gene from TX9425 still reduced the time to ear emergency. The locus showed no pleiotropic effects on grain pasting properties and agronomic traits except for spike length and number of spikelets per spike, and thus can be effectively used in breeding programs. The array of early heading dates caused by interactions of Eam5 gene with other maturity genes provides an opportunity to better fine tune heading dates with production environments, which can be critical factor in barley breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ibrahim
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Plant Science, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Matthew Harrison
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Holger Meinke
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Yun Fan
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Peter Johnson
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gous PW, Warren F, Mo OW, Gilbert RG, Fox GP. The effects of variable nitrogen application on barley starch structure under drought stress. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter W. Gous
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
- The University of Queensland; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Sciences; Hartley Teakle Building Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Frederick Warren
- The University of Queensland; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Sciences; Hartley Teakle Building Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Oi Wan Mo
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Robert G. Gilbert
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
- The University of Queensland; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Sciences; Hartley Teakle Building Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Glen P. Fox
- The University of Queensland; Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences; Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Sciences; Hartley Teakle Building Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ding S, Oba M, Swift ML, Edney M, O'Donovan JT, McAllister TA, Yang WZ. Short Communication: The effect of seed hardness and malting characteristics on in situ dry matter digestibility of barley grain in beef heifers. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.4141/cjas-2014-081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ding, S., Oba, M., Swift, M. L., Edney, M., O'Donovan, J. T., McAllister, T. A. and Yang, W. Z. 2015. Short Communication: The effect of seed hardness and malting characteristics on in situ dry matter digestibility of barley grain in beef heifers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 299–303. An in situ study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between ruminal dry matter digestibility (DMD) and seed hardness or malting characteristics of barley grain. Samples were selected for low and high values of seed hardness index (53 vs. 65; N = 18), beta-glucan content in wort (122 vs. 316 ppm; N = 18), diastatic power (146 vs. 203°L; N = 18), and friability (46 vs. 81%; N = 18) in malt, and incubated in the rumen of three beef heifers for 4, 12 and 48 h. In situ DMD did not vary with beta-glucan concentration or friability. However, barley grain with low seed hardness had lower (P = 0.02) in situ DMD than those with high seed hardness after 4 h of incubation. The barley samples with low diastatic power also had (P = 0.02) higher DMD than with high diastatic power after 4 h, a trend (P = 0.07) that continued after 12 h of incubation. Seed hardness and malting characteristics may have the potential to predict DMD of barley grain in the rumen. However, observed differences in in situ DMD were relatively minor, and we did not detect a relationship between malting characteristics and in situ DMD at longer incubation times. This suggests that the identified grain physical and malt parameters may impact the rate, but not the extent of barley grain digestion in the rumen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ding
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - M. Oba
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - M. L. Swift
- Alberta Agriculture and Food, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - M. Edney
- Canadian Grain Commission, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3C 3G8
| | - J. T. O'Donovan
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
| | - T. A. McAllister
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| | - W. Z. Yang
- Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Holopainen URM, Pihlava JM, Serenius M, Hietaniemi V, Wilhelmson A, Poutanen K, Lehtinen P. Milling, water uptake, and modification properties of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lots in relation to grain composition and structure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:8875-8882. [PMID: 25136990 DOI: 10.1021/jf500857e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Milling properties, water uptake, and modification in malting were studied in 14 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lots from two consecutive crop years. In all barley lots studied, grains with lower β-glucan and protein content and higher starch content produced finer flours upon milling. Grains with lower β-glucan content also hydrated more rapidly during steeping. A detailed study of two cultivars from two crop years indicated that similar environmental conditions could induce a higher β-glucan content and concentration of aggregated B hordein in the peripheral endosperm and a lower proportion of C hordein entrapped among aggregated hordeins deeper within the endosperm. These characteristics were associated with production of coarser flours during milling as well as with slower water uptake and lower modification. However, the data do not distinguish between the effect of β-glucan content and that of hordein localization. Distribution of β-glucan or total protein within the kernel was not linked to hydration or modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulla R M Holopainen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fox GP, Kelly A, Sweeney N, Hocroft DM. Development of a Single Kernel NIR Barley Protein Calibration and Assessment of Variation in Protein on Grain Quality. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.2011.tb00507.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|