1
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Hansda AK, Goswami R. 17-β estradiol signalling affects cardiovascular and cancer pathogenesis by regulating the crosstalk between transcription factors and EC-miRNAs. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Bumbat M, Wang M, Liang W, Ye P, Sun W, Liu B. Effects of Me 2SO and Trehalose on the Cell Viability, Proliferation, and Bcl-2 Family Gene ( BCL-2, BAX, and BAD) Expression in Cryopreserved Human Breast Cancer Cells. Biopreserv Biobank 2019; 18:33-40. [PMID: 31800305 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2019.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term cryopreservation of the viability and metabolic state of cells in cancer cell/tissue specimens has significant implications for diagnostic verification of disease progression in cancer patients and selection of effective treatment options via development of the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for drug screening. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of cryoprotectant agents (CPAs) on the expression of BCL-2 family genes (BCL-2, BAX, and BAD) that are involved in the growth and development of breast cancers. MCF-7 cells were cryopreserved in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with 20% (v/v) fetal bovine serum, using 10% (v/v) Me2SO (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) or 7.5% (v/v) Me2SO with 100is-300 mM trehalose as cryoprotectant solutions. After storage at -80°C for 7 days, the cells were thawed for evaluation. The use of Me2SO and trehalose has affected cell survival, proliferation, apoptotic state, as well as BCL-2 family gene expression. The conventional 10% (v/v) Me2SO method yields ∼80% post-thaw cell survival and good cell proliferation, but it drastically alters the pattern of the BCL-2 family gene expression. The antiapoptotic gene BCL-2 is downregulated, whereas two proapoptotic genes BAX and BAD are upregulated. The partial substitution of Me2SO with 200 or 300 mM trehalose enhances cell proliferation of survived cells after cryopreservation. The presence of trehalose upregulates the expression of both the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2 and proapoptotic genes BAX and BAD. Cryopreservation could tip off the checkpoint of the apoptotic pathway regulated by the BCL-2 family members, and the effect may be protectant dependent. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of paying attention to the potential change of gene expression and metabolic state of cancer cells after cryopreservation in an attempt to development of the PDX models from cryopreserved cancer cells or tissue specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myagmarjav Bumbat
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Ye
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendell Sun
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- Institute of Biothermal Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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3
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Zhou Z, Wu Q, Xie Q, Ling C, Zhang H, Sun C, Ju J. New Borrelidins from Onchidium sp. Associated Streptomyces olivaceus SCSIO LO13. Chem Biodivers 2019; 17:e1900560. [PMID: 31769919 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Borrelidins M-O (1-3), along with four previously known family members (4-7), were isolated from marine pulmonated mollusks Onchidium sp. associated Streptomyces olivaceus SCSIO LO13. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by extensive spectral analyses of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR data. In addition, the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of 1-7 were evaluated enabling us to propose some tentative structure-activity relationships (SARs), especially those involving modifications at C(22) and the moieties at C(7) and C(8) of the borrelidin scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, P. R. China.,College of Oceanography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, P. R. China.,College of Oceanography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Chunyao Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, No. 1 Xincheng Road, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Changli Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Ju
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, P. R. China.,College of Oceanography, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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4
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Abd-Ellatif AES, Abdel-Razek AS, Hamed A, Soltan MM, Soliman HSM, Shaaban M. Bioactive compounds from marine Streptomyces
sp.: Structure identification and biological activities. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201900108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aya E. S. Abd-Ellatif
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Helwan University; Helwan 11795 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Abdel-Razek
- Microbial Chemistry Department Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Buhouth St. 33; Dokki-Cairo 12622 Egypt
| | - Abdelaaty Hamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science; Al-Azhar University; Nasr City-Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Maha M Soltan
- Biology Unit, Central Laboratory for Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department; National Research Centre; El-Buhouth St. 33; Dokki-Cairo 12622 Egypt
| | - Hesham S. M. Soliman
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy; Helwan University; Helwan 11795 Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaaban
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division; National Research Centre; El-Buhouth St. 33; Dokki-Cairo 12622 Egypt
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5
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Hamed A, Abdel-Razek AS, Frese M, Wibberg D, El-Haddad AF, Ibrahim TMA, Kalinowski J, Sewald N, Shaaban M. N-Acetylborrelidin B: a new bioactive metabolite from Streptomyces mutabilis sp. MII. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 73:49-57. [PMID: 29055178 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2017-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the course of our screening program for new bioactive compounds, a naturally new 18-membered macrolide antibiotic, N-acetylborrelidin B (1) along with borrelidin (2) were obtained from the marine Streptomyces mutabilis sp. MII. The strain was isolated from a sediment sample collected in the Red Sea at the Hurghada Coast and characterized taxonomically. Additional nine diverse bioactive compounds were reported: 6-prenyl-indole-3-acetonitrile (3), sitosteryl-3β-d-glucoside, campesterol, ferulic acid, linoleic acid methyl ester, linoleic acid, N-acetylanthranilic acid, indole 3-acetic acid methyl ester, indole 3-carboxylic acid, and adenosine. Structure 1 was confirmed by in-depth NMR studies and by mass spectra, and comparison with related literature data. The antimicrobial activity of the strain extract and compounds 1 and 2 were studied using a panel of pathogenic microorganisms. The in vitro cytotoxicity of compounds 1 and 2 as well as the crude extract were tested against the human cervix carcinoma cell line (KB-3-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaaty Hamed
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ahmed S Abdel-Razek
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marcel Frese
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Daniel Wibberg
- Centrum für Biotechnologie (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Atef F El-Haddad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Tarek M A Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Centrum für Biotechnologie (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mohamed Shaaban
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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6
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Progesterone receptor antagonist provides palliative effects for uterine leiomyoma through a Bcl-2/Beclin1-dependent mechanism. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190094. [PMID: 31262976 PMCID: PMC6646233 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most common benign smooth muscle tumor of uterus in women of reproductive age, with a high lifetime incidence. Nowadays, the exploration on the pharmacotherapies, such as progesterone receptor antagonist (PRA) requires more attention. Hence, the current study aimed to examine whether mifepristone, a PRA, influences the autophagy and apoptosis of uterine leiomyoma cells. Primary uterine leiomyoma cells were collected from 36 patients diagnosed with uterine leiomyoma to establish PR-M-positive (PR-M[+]) cells. The lentiviral vector overexpressing or silencing PR-M was subsequently delivered into one part of PR-M(+) cells in order to evaluate the role of PR-M in PR-M(+) cells. The results obtained revealed that cell viability was increased, while cell autophagy and apoptosis were diminished in the PR-M(+) cells treated with overexpressed PR-M, whereby the Bcl-2 level was elevated and the level of Beclin1 was reduced. An opposite trends were identified following treatment with knockdown of PR-M. Mifepristone at different concentrations (low, moderate, or high) was then applied to treat another part of the PR-M(+) cells. Mifepristone was identified to promote cell autophagy and apoptosis, decrease Bcl-2 level and increase Beclin1 level, accompanied by weakened interaction between Bcl-2 and Beclin1. Moreover, these effects of mifepristone on PR-M(+) cells were enhanced with increasing of the concentration. Taken together, the present study present evidence indicates the ability of PRA to regulate the Bcl-2/Beclin1 axis, ultimately promoting the autophagy and apoptosis of uterine leiomyoma cells, highlighting that PRA serves as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of uterine leiomyoma.
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7
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Cole DW, Svider PF, Shenouda KG, Lee PB, Yoo NG, McLeod TM, Mutchnick SA, Yoo GH, Kaufman RJ, Callaghan MU, Fribley AM. Targeting the unfolded protein response in head and neck and oral cavity cancers. Exp Cell Res 2019; 382:111386. [PMID: 31075256 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many FDA-approved anti-cancer therapies, targeted toward a wide array of molecular targets and signaling networks, have been demonstrated to activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). Despite a critical role for UPR signaling in the apoptotic execution of cancer cells by many of these compounds, the authors are currently unaware of any instance whereby a cancer drug was developed with the UPR as the intended target. With the essential role of the UPR as a driving force in the genesis and maintenance of the malignant phenotype, a great number of pre-clinical studies have surged into the medical literature describing the ability of dozens of compounds to induce UPR signaling in a myriad of cancer models. The focus of the current work is to review the literature and explore the role of the UPR as a mediator of chemotherapy-induced cell death in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC) and oral cavity (OCSCC), with an emphasis on preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Cole
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Peter F Svider
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kerolos G Shenouda
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Paul B Lee
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester Hills, Michigan, USA
| | - Nicholas G Yoo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Thomas M McLeod
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sean A Mutchnick
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - George H Yoo
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael U Callaghan
- Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Andrew M Fribley
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
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8
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Li Y, Zhang F, Banakar S, Li Z. Comprehensive optimization of precursor-directed production of BC194 by Streptomyces rochei MB037 derived from the marine sponge Dysidea arenaria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7865-7875. [PMID: 30039331 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BC194, a derivative of borrelidin (BN) that features a lower cytotoxicity than that of BN due to an altered starter unit, trans-1,2-cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (trans-1,2-CBDA), is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. However, BC194 production has only been reported to occur via mutasynthesis, which requires tedious, multistep genetic manipulation. In this study, we surveyed several factors contributing to the precursor-directed biosynthesis of BC194 and provided an alternative method for the production of BC194 that is directly applicable to other BN-producing strains. First, the precursor-directed biosynthesis of BC194 by a BN-producing strain, Streptomyces rochei MB037 derived from sponge Dysidea arenaria, was carried out in modified Radix astragali (RA) medium with 5 mM trans-1,2-CBDA. Next, possible inhibitors of BN starter unit trans-1,2-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid (trans-1,2-CPDA) biosynthesis were investigated. It was found that potassium ferricyanide was a possible inhibitor of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase (DHPAO) and capable of suppressing the yield of BN and increasing the BC194 yield by 112.5% (from 5.2 ± 0.76 to 11.9 ± 0.59 mg/L). BC194 yield was further enhanced in the presence of 50 mM trans-1,2-CBDA, reaching 20.2 ± 0.62 mg/L. Furthermore, 3% macroporous adsorbent DA-201 resin was added to the fermentation broth, enabling a further 36.6% increase in BC194 production and reaching 27.59 ± 1.15 mg/L. Moreover, an efficient separation of BC194 with approximately 95% purity was developed by employing high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC), achieving an improved recovery (approximately 93%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Li
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengli Zhang
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shivakumar Banakar
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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9
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Sun J, Shao J, Sun C, Song Y, Li Q, Lu L, Hu Y, Gui C, Zhang H, Ju J. Borrelidins F–I, cytotoxic and cell migration inhibiting agents from mangrove-derived Streptomyces rochei SCSIO ZJ89. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1488-1494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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10
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Gao X, Jiang Y, Han L, Chen X, Hu C, Su H, Mu Y, Guan P, Huang X. Effect of borrelidin on hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08290h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with high prevalence and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Gao
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
- P. R. China
| | - Li Han
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Xiu Chen
- Yunnan Institute of Microbiology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
- P. R. China
| | - Caijuan Hu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Su
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Mu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Peipei Guan
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
| | - Xueshi Huang
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals
- College of Life and Health Sciences
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- P. R. China
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11
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Mirando AC, Fang P, Williams TF, Baldor LC, Howe AK, Ebert AM, Wilkinson B, Lounsbury KM, Guo M, Francklyn CS. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase dependent angiogenesis revealed by a bioengineered macrolide inhibitor. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13160. [PMID: 26271225 PMCID: PMC4536658 DOI: 10.1038/srep13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) catalyze an early step in protein synthesis, but also regulate diverse physiological processes in animal cells. These include angiogenesis, and human threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS) represents a potent pro-angiogenic AARS. Angiogenesis stimulation can be blocked by the macrolide antibiotic borrelidin (BN), which exhibits a broad spectrum toxicity that has discouraged deeper investigation. Recently, a less toxic variant (BC194) was identified that potently inhibits angiogenesis. Employing biochemical, cell biological, and biophysical approaches, we demonstrate that the toxicity of BN and its derivatives is linked to its competition with the threonine substrate at the molecular level, which stimulates amino acid starvation and apoptosis. By separating toxicity from the inhibition of angiogenesis, a direct role for TARS in vascular development in the zebrafish could be demonstrated. Bioengineered natural products are thus useful tools in unmasking the cryptic functions of conventional enzymes in the regulation of complex processes in higher metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pengfei Fang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida
| | | | | | - Alan K Howe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont
| | | | - Barrie Wilkinson
- Isomerase Therapeutics Ltd, Science Village, Chesterford Research Park, Cambridge CB10 1XL, UK
| | | | - Min Guo
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida
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Schulze CJ, Bray WM, Loganzo F, Lam MH, Szal T, Villalobos A, Koehn FE, Linington RG. Borrelidin B: isolation, biological activity, and implications for nitrile biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:2570-2574. [PMID: 25393949 DOI: 10.1021/np500727g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Borrelidin (1) is a nitrile-containing bacterially derived polyketide that is a potent inhibitor of bacterial and eukaryotic threonyl-tRNA synthetases. We now report the discovery of borrelidin B (2), a tetrahydro-borrelidin derivative containing an aminomethyl group in place of the nitrile functionality in borrelidin. The discovery of this new metabolite has implications for both the biosynthesis of the nitrile group and the bioactivity of the borrelidin compound class. Screening in the SToPS assay for tRNA synthetase inhibition revealed that the nitrile moiety is essential for activity, while profiling using our in-house image-based cytological profiling assay demonstrated that 2 retains biological activity by causing a mitotic stall, even in the absence of the nitrile motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Schulze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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