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Bauer A, Berben P, Chakravarthi SS, Chattorraj S, Garg A, Gourdon B, Heimbach T, Huang Y, Morrison C, Mundhra D, Palaparthy R, Saha P, Siemons M, Shaik NA, Shi Y, Shum S, Thakral NK, Urva S, Vargo R, Koganti VR, Barrett SE. Current State and Opportunities with Long-acting Injectables: Industry Perspectives from the Innovation and Quality Consortium "Long-Acting Injectables" Working Group. Pharm Res 2023; 40:1601-1631. [PMID: 36811809 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations can provide several advantages over the more traditional oral formulation as drug product opportunities. LAI formulations can achieve sustained drug release for extended periods of time, which results in less frequent dosing requirements leading to higher patient adherence and more optimal therapeutic outcomes. This review article will provide an industry perspective on the development and associated challenges of long-acting injectable formulations. The LAIs described herein include polymer-based formulations, oil-based formulations, and crystalline drug suspensions. The review discusses manufacturing processes, including quality controls, considerations of the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API), biopharmaceutical properties and clinical requirements pertaining to LAI technology selection, and characterization of LAIs through in vitro, in vivo and in silico approaches. Lastly, the article includes a discussion around the current lack of suitable compendial and biorelevant in vitro models for the evaluation of LAIs and its subsequent impact on LAI product development and approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Bauer
- Sunovion Pharmaceuticals, Marlborough, MA, 01752, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ashish Garg
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | - Ye Huang
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pratik Saha
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA
| | - Maxime Siemons
- Janssen R&D, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium
| | | | - Yi Shi
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Sara Shum
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Shweta Urva
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ryan Vargo
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, 07065, USA
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Subhramanian S, Ariyath A, Sabhi R, Xavier T, Anandakuttan A, Kannoth S, Thennavan A, Sreekumar KP, Unni AKK, Mohan CG, Menon KN. Translational Significance of GMF-β Inhibition by Indazole-4-yl-methanol in Enteric Glial Cells for Treating Multiple Sclerosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:72-86. [PMID: 36548309 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the emerging context of gut-brain control of multiple sclerosis (MS), developing therapeutics targeting proinflammatory proteins controlling the gut-brain immunomodulation is welcoming. One such immunomodulator is glia maturation factor-β (GMF-β). GMF-β activation following GMF-β-ser-83 phosphorylation upregulates proinflammatory responses and exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Notably, GMF-β-/- mice exhibited no EAE symptoms. Thus, we identified 1H-indazole-4-yl-methanol (GMFBI.1) inhibitor which blocked GMF-β-ser-83 phosphorylation critical in EAE suppression. To establish gut GMF-β's role in EAE in the context of gut-brain involvement in neurodegenerative diseases, we altered gut GMFBI.1 bioavailability as an index of EAE suppression. At first, we identified Miglyol 812N as a suitable biocompatible GMFBI.1 carrier compared to other FDA-approved carriers using in silico molecular docking analysis. GMFBI.1 administration in Miglyol 812N enhanced its retention/brain permeability. Subsequently, we administered GMFBI.1-Miglyol 812N by subcutaneous/oral routes at different doses with differential GMFBI.1 bioavailability in gut and brain to assess the role of local GMFBI.1 bioavailability in EAE reversal by a pharmacokinetic approach. Deprival of gut GMFBI.1 bioavailability led to partial EAE suppression despite having sufficient GMFBI.1 in circulation to inhibit brain GMF-β activity. Restoration of gut GMFBI.1 bioavailability led to complete EAE reversal. Molecular pathology behind partial/full EAE reversal was associated with differential GMF-β-Ser-83 phosphorylation/GM-CSF expression levels in enteric glial cells owing to GMFBI.1 bioavailability. In addition, we observed leaky gut reversal, tight junction protein ZO-1 restoration, beneficial gut microbiome repopulation, recovery from gut dysbiosis, and upregulation of Treg cells. GMFBI.1's dual gut/brain targeting of GMF-β has therapeutical/translational potential in controlling autoimmunity in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunitha Subhramanian
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Ajish Ariyath
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Reshma Sabhi
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Tessy Xavier
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Anandkumar Anandakuttan
- Department of Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Sudheeran Kannoth
- Department of Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Arumugam Thennavan
- Central Animal Laboratory, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041Kerala, India
| | - Kannoth Panicker Sreekumar
- Central Animal Laboratory, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041Kerala, India
| | - Ayalur Kodakara Kochugovindan Unni
- Central Animal Laboratory, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041Kerala, India
| | - Chethampadi Gopi Mohan
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
| | - Krishnakumar N Menon
- Amrita School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara, Kochi682 041, Kerala, India
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Gonella A, Grizot S, Liu F, López Noriega A, Richard J. Long-acting injectable formulation technologies: Challenges and opportunities for the delivery of fragile molecules. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:927-944. [PMID: 35899474 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2105318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of long acting injectables (LAIs) for protein and peptide therapeutics has been a key challenge over the last 20 years. If these molecules offer advantages due to their high specificity and selectivity, their controlled release may confer several additional benefits in terms of extended half-life, local delivery, and patient compliance. AREA COVERED This manuscript aims to give an overview of peptide and protein based LAIs from an industrial perspective, describing both approved and promising technologies (with exceptions of protein engineering strategies and devices), their advantages and potential improvements to aid their access to the market. EXPERT OPINION Many LAIs have been developed for peptides, with formulations on the market for several decades. On the contrary, LAIs for proteins are still far from the market and issues related to manufacturing and sterilization of these products still need to be overcome. In situ forming depots (ISFDs), whose simple manufacturing conditions and easy administration procedures (without reconstitution) are strong advantages, appear as one of the most promising technologies for the delivery of these molecules. In this regard, the approval of ELIGARD® in the early 2000's (which still requires a complex reconstitution process), paved the way for the development of second-generation, ready-to-use ISFD technologies like BEPO® and FluidCrystal®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gonella
- MedinCell S.A. - 3 rue des Frères Lumiere, 34830, Jacou, France
| | | | - Fang Liu
- MedinCell S.A. - 3 rue des Frères Lumiere, 34830, Jacou, France
| | | | - Joël Richard
- MedinCell S.A. - 3 rue des Frères Lumiere, 34830, Jacou, France
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Nouri V, Pontes De Siqueira Moura M, Payre B, De Almeida O, Déjugnat C, Franceschi S, Perez E. How an organogelator can gelate water: gelation transfer from oil to water induced by a nanoemulsion. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:2371-2378. [PMID: 32064481 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00128g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A hydrogel can be formed by an organogelator in the presence of a nanoemulsion. It is expected that this is due to a gelation transfer from oil to water. The system started with an oil-in-water nanoemulsion prepared according to a phase inversion temperature (PIT) process. Into this nanoemulsion consisting of Kolliphor® RH40 and Brij® L4 as surfactants, and Miglyol® 812 as oil and water, we introduced the organogelator 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid (12-HOA) in the oil phase. After cooling at room temperature, a slow reversible gelation of the water phase occurred with persistence of the nanoemulsion. This thermally reversible system was investigated using various techniques (rheology, turbidimetry, optical and electron microscopies, scattering techniques). Successive stages appeared during the cooling process after the nanoemulsion formation, corresponding to the migration and self-assembly of the organogelator from the oil nanodroplets to the water phase. According to our measurements and the known self-assembly of 12-HOA, a mechanism explaining the formation of the gelled nanoemulsion is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Nouri
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, France.
| | | | - Bruno Payre
- Centre de Microscopie Electronique Appliquée à la Biologie (CMEAB) Faculté de Médecine Rangueil, 133, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier De Almeida
- Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IMT Mines Albi, UPS, INSA, ISAE-SUPAERO, Campus Jarlard, CT Cedex 09 81013, Albi, France
| | - Christophe Déjugnat
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, France.
| | - Sophie Franceschi
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, France.
| | - Emile Perez
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5623, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, France.
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Khezri K, Farahpour MR, Mounesi Rad S. Efficacy of Mentha pulegium essential oil encapsulated into nanostructured lipid carriers as an in vitro antibacterial and infected wound healing agent. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hort MA, Alves BDS, Ramires Júnior OV, Falkembach MC, Araújo GDMS, Fernandes CLF, Tavella RA, Bidone J, Dora CL, da Silva Júnior FMR. In vivo toxicity evaluation of nanoemulsions for drug delivery. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:585-594. [PMID: 31476915 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1659806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanocarriers (LNs), for example nanoemulsions (NE), are an emerging tool for drug delivery due to their ability to incorporate drugs, protect the drug from degradation, improve bioavailability, and control release. Although LNs are widely studied and applied, especially in the pharmaceutical field, knowledge about their toxicity is scarce. Moreover, the majority of studies focus on their efficiency rather than safety. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible toxic effects of NE in vivo. Male Wistar rats (2 months old, 250 g) were treated once daily for 21 days with NE via oral or intraperitoneal delivery at 200, 400 or 800 mg lipid/kg body weight. At the end of the experiment, biochemical, hematological, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity parameters were analyzed. Our results showed that treatment with NE did not modify organ weight or biochemical parameters when compared to controls. The highest NE dose (800 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection caused changes in hematological parameters, namely increased plasma proteins, platelets, total leukocytes, and neutrophils, findings that suggest an inflammatory reaction. Further, the same dose evoked lipid peroxidation in the liver. Taken together, the results from this study suggest that NEs can be considered safe for oral administration, but high doses via the parenteral route can cause toxic effects. This study contributes to knowledge about NE toxicity and provides important data about their safe use in the pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Appel Hort
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Barbara da Silva Alves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Osmar Vieira Ramires Júnior
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Mariana Correa Falkembach
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Moraes Soares Araújo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Caroline Lopes Feijo Fernandes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Ronan Adler Tavella
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bidone
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Lima Dora
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da Silva Júnior
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
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Exenatide extended-release pre-filled pen (Bydureon® BCise®): a profile of its use. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-018-00597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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